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/></a></div><div class="bkr_bib"><h1 id="_NBK558767_"><span itemprop="name">Evidence review: Barriers to accessing end of life care services</span></h1><div class="subtitle">End of life care for adults: service delivery</div><p><b>Evidence review C</b></p><p><i>NICE Guideline, No. 142</i></p><p class="contrib-group"><h4>Authors</h4><span itemprop="author">National Guideline Centre (UK)</span>.</p><div class="half_rhythm">London: <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher"><span itemprop="publisher">National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)</span></a>; <span itemprop="datePublished">2019 Oct</span>.<div class="small">ISBN-13: <span itemprop="isbn">978-1-4731-3560-4</span></div></div><div><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright</a> © NICE 2019.</div></div><div class="bkr_clear"></div></div><div id="ch3.s1"><h2 id="_ch3_s1_">1. Barriers to accessing end of life care services</h2><div id="ch3.s1.1"><h3>1.1. Review question: What are the barriers and facilitators for the initial access to, and planning of end of life care services?</h3></div><div id="ch3.s1.2"><h3>1.2. Introduction</h3><p>The NHS England Mandate (2013–15) sets an ambition for the NHS to deliver a ‘globally recognised’ standard of end of life care. This is supported by an assessment of global end of life care performance in which our end of life care was rated the best in the world.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref581" rid="ch3.ref581"><sup>581</sup></a> However, people are still experiencing barriers to accessing good quality end of life care, or in some cases not accessing end of life care at all.</p><p>In 2017 Hospice UK (e-hospice 3rd July Hospice UK analysis ‘One in four UK families who need end of life care miss out on crucial support’)<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref350" rid="ch3.ref350"><sup>350</sup></a> estimated that one in four people, approximately 118,000, who require end of life care and their families are not able to access the expert care they need at the end of life, including hospice care or other support that they need. This is particularly true for people with conditions other than cancer and their analysis also showed that people from economically and socially deprived areas, BAME communities and LGBT people can experience barriers to accessing end of life care services.</p><p>Barriers that prevent people in their last year of life accessing End of Life care can vary but poor communication and coordination of services is an ever-present theme. One of the biggest barriers is for professionals to recognise when someone has entered the last year of life and having the skills to discuss this with openness and sensitivity. This can be compounded by institutional culture, limited resource, restrictive internal policies and lack of training and education all contributing to people experiencing barriers to care during this period. Macmillan Cancer Support (Time to Choose – making choices at end of life 2013)<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref483" rid="ch3.ref483"><sup>483</sup></a> also found similar barriers.</p><p>Lack of information about the out-of-hours services, a reticence of some health care professionals to have ‘difficult conversations’ with patients and carers and poor inter-professional communication can all have an impact on care.</p><p>It is said that nearly three quarters of people with cancer would prefer to die at home and yet less than a third are able to do so. (Macmillan – A Time to Choose, 2013).<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref483" rid="ch3.ref483"><sup>483</sup></a>. While it is true that some will change their mind as their symptoms change, none-the-less there is a large gap between what people want and what they experience.</p><p>In addition to the general barriers, there are other others specific to different communities and groups, for instance a 2014 Marie Curie and Alzheimer’s Society<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref17" rid="ch3.ref17"><sup>17</sup></a> report highlights that ‘dementia is often not recognised as a terminal diagnosis, which can lead to poor access to care, inconsistent quality of care d’..</p><p>The ability of all health and care professionals to recognise when someone is entering the last year of life and the ability to be able to discuss end of life openly, honestly and sensitively are essential gateways to appropriate end of life care. This chapter reviews the themes found in qualitative work about the barriers to accessing end of life care.</p></div><div id="ch3.s1.3"><h3>1.3. PICO table</h3><p>For full details see the review protocol in <a href="#ch3.appa">Appendix A</a>.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch3tab1"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 1" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch3tab1" rid-ob="figobch3tab1"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab1/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab1/?report=previmg" alt="Table 1. PICO characteristics of review question." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch3.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3tab1">Table 1</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">PICO characteristics of review question. </p></div></div><div id="ch3.s1.3.1"><h4>1.3.1. Included studies</h4><p>Thirty four qualitative studies were included in the review;<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref48" rid="ch3.ref48"><sup>48</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref51" rid="ch3.ref51"><sup>51</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref67" rid="ch3.ref67"><sup>67</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref92" rid="ch3.ref92"><sup>92</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref157" rid="ch3.ref157"><sup>157</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref168" rid="ch3.ref168"><sup>168</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref183" rid="ch3.ref183"><sup>183</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref196" rid="ch3.ref196"><sup>196</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref223" rid="ch3.ref223"><sup>223</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref233" rid="ch3.ref233"><sup>233</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref234" rid="ch3.ref234"><sup>234</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref273" rid="ch3.ref273"><sup>273</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref306" rid="ch3.ref306"><sup>306</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref348" rid="ch3.ref348"><sup>348</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref371" rid="ch3.ref371"><sup>371</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref397" rid="ch3.ref397"><sup>397</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref430" rid="ch3.ref430"><sup>430</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref475" rid="ch3.ref475"><sup>475</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref481" rid="ch3.ref481"><sup>481</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref484" rid="ch3.ref484"><sup>484</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref502" rid="ch3.ref502"><sup>502</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref511" rid="ch3.ref511"><sup>511</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref554" rid="ch3.ref554"><sup>554</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref580" rid="ch3.ref580"><sup>580</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref582" rid="ch3.ref582"><sup>582</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref643" rid="ch3.ref643"><sup>643</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref649" rid="ch3.ref649"><sup>649</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref701" rid="ch3.ref701"><sup>701</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref736" rid="ch3.ref736"><sup>736</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref752" rid="ch3.ref752"><sup>752</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref771" rid="ch3.ref771"><sup>771</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref831" rid="ch3.ref831"><sup>831</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref832" rid="ch3.ref832"><sup>832</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref848" rid="ch3.ref848"><sup>848</sup></a> these are summarised in <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figch3tab2" rid-ob="figobch3tab2">Table 2</a> below. Key findings from these studies are summarised in section 1.2.2 below. See also the study evidence tables in <a href="#ch3.appd">Appendix D</a>, and excluded studies lists in <a href="#ch3.appf">Appendix F</a>.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch3tab2"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 2" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch3tab2" rid-ob="figobch3tab2"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab2/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab2/?report=previmg" alt="Table 2. Summary of studies included in the review." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch3.tab2"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3tab2">Table 2</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of studies included in the review. </p></div></div></div><div id="ch3.s1.3.2"><h4>1.3.2. Qualitative evidence synthesis</h4><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch3tab3"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 3" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch3tab3" rid-ob="figobch3tab3"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab3/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab3/?report=previmg" alt="Table 3. Review findings." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch3.tab3"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3tab3">Table 3</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Review findings. </p></div></div><div id="ch3.s1.3.2.1"><h5>1.3.2.1. Narrative summary of review findings</h5><div id="ch3.s1.3.2.1.1"><h5>Barriers and facilitators to access to end of life care</h5><div id="ch3.s1.3.2.1.1.1"><h5>Review finding 1: information about prognosis</h5><p>There was a lack of information about prognosis, disease progression and how to plan for the future.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref48" rid="ch3.ref48"><sup>48</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref273" rid="ch3.ref273"><sup>273</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref484" rid="ch3.ref484"><sup>484</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref67" rid="ch3.ref67"><sup>67</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref51" rid="ch3.ref51"><sup>51</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref511" rid="ch3.ref511"><sup>511</sup></a> Delivery of prognoses varied, some terminal prognoses and future care needs were provided very generally, sometimes clearly,<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref168" rid="ch3.ref168"><sup>168</sup></a> but were often vague, overoptimistic and lacked information on what to expect.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref67" rid="ch3.ref67"><sup>67</sup></a> Physicians were sometimes reluctant to give complete disclosure of prognosis.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref168" rid="ch3.ref168"><sup>168</sup></a></p></div><div id="ch3.s1.3.2.1.1.2"><h5>Review finding 2: timing of information</h5><p>Providing information at an earlier stage about EOL hospice care was highlighted<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref168" rid="ch3.ref168"><sup>168</sup></a> Patients felt information about disease trajectory and the dying process should be given much earlier, even right after diagnosis.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref168" rid="ch3.ref168"><sup>168</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref223" rid="ch3.ref223"><sup>223</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref511" rid="ch3.ref511"><sup>511</sup></a> This included information on medical treatments as well as the services to assist with care at the end of life.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref168" rid="ch3.ref168"><sup>168</sup></a> Some suggested waiting for initial shock of diagnosis to be processed and adjust to the treatment plan, or delaying in-depth information until the patient’s health worsens. Or some thought not until something imminent occurs or there are no other options, with a few specifying that early information would interfere with hope and quality of life.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref223" rid="ch3.ref223"><sup>223</sup></a> Some participants would actively avoid thoughts of declining health and end-of-life decisions and wanted to live in the present.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref701" rid="ch3.ref701"><sup>701</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref51" rid="ch3.ref51"><sup>51</sup></a> Participants hoped health care providers would have adequate training to inform patients at the right time what to expect and not to wait until the last minute.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref183" rid="ch3.ref183"><sup>183</sup></a> One study found that participants thought ACP should be started early.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref234" rid="ch3.ref234"><sup>234</sup></a></p></div><div id="ch3.s1.3.2.1.1.3"><h5>Review finding 3: Awareness of services</h5><p>Four studies found that awareness of service provision was sometimes lacking.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref48" rid="ch3.ref48"><sup>48</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref92" rid="ch3.ref92"><sup>92</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref223" rid="ch3.ref223"><sup>223</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref554" rid="ch3.ref554"><sup>554</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref511" rid="ch3.ref511"><sup>511</sup></a> A number of people felt they had little support from services. Limited GP involvement and lack of continuity of care were frequently cited difficulties. Accessing supportive care was described as being extremely difficult for some people, and it was provided at a very late stage in the disease trajectory.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref848" rid="ch3.ref848"><sup>848</sup></a> The majority of participants in a study of people with heart failure<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref554" rid="ch3.ref554"><sup>554</sup></a> were unprepared for the palliative care referral and consultation, had little or no previous understanding of the term palliative care and were unaware of the that a referral had been made. Those who were not expecting it reacted with suspicion, caution and/or scepticism. Those whom the consultation was expected welcomed it<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref554" rid="ch3.ref554"><sup>554</sup></a>. In one study<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref223" rid="ch3.ref223"><sup>223</sup></a> many people did not utilise hospice because they do not understand enough about it, were not thinking deeply enough about it, or did not learn about it until the last minute. They primarily wanted to know about hospice logistics, including the range of services, locations of care, members of the hospice team, and frequency/length of home hospice visits. Almost all respondents identified interest in reviewing information about hospice in brochure, video or internet format, for a gentle introduction, a broad picture or an in-depth look in to what hospice is actually like.</p></div><div id="ch3.s1.3.2.1.1.4"><h5>Review finding 4: Understanding end-of-life care services</h5><p>Knowledge and understanding of an End-of-life long-term-care service was variable.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref396" rid="ch3.ref396"><sup>396</sup></a> There were many overlapping and competing expectations with moving from life-prolonging to life-enhancing care. Palliative care held negative connotations, was perceived to be against life-prolonging, and to some equalled dying.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref481" rid="ch3.ref481"><sup>481</sup></a> Many were unfamiliar with Palliative Care when first mentioned by their doctor and so it produced feelings of anxiety and fear about what it meant for their life expectancy.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref481" rid="ch3.ref481"><sup>481</sup></a> Patient and caregiver understanding of hospice in the transition process varied, with many mentioning a lack of adequate understanding of hospice philosophy and services.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref168" rid="ch3.ref168"><sup>168</sup></a> Terminology and service organisation could be a barrier. People with heart failure considered palliative care was synonymous with hospice care. Hospice care was understood as not allowing aggressive management of their Heart Failure symptoms so not controlling them the same as before. They Palliative Care therefore would have no place in their current plan of care, but might be appropriate late if current treatment plan failed or disease became ‘really fatal.’ Those who did not define Palliative Care as hospice, welcomed Palliative Care involvement, even if hospice was not an option for them.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref554" rid="ch3.ref554"><sup>554</sup></a></p></div><div id="ch3.s1.3.2.1.1.5"><h5>Review finding 5: Readiness for discussion</h5><p>Participants felt that both the doctor and patient needed to be ready for the discussion. For the patient this means the desire to know the facts overrides any fear or ambivalence about discussing these issues. A key precursor to readiness for patients was adjustment and acceptance, acknowledging their impending death while still maintaining realistic hope and a good quality of life.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref831" rid="ch3.ref831"><sup>831</sup></a> There are a variety of factors which can aid or impede acceptance and adjustment including continuing treatment to appease family, older people may accept it easier as had long and full life, sufficient time to adjust to disease, faith and exposure to symptoms (their own and others) and evidence of disease, such as scans<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref831" rid="ch3.ref831"><sup>831</sup></a> and seeing other’s experiences of death. Lack of familiarity with with palliative care when it was first mentioned by doctor resulted in feelings of anxiety and fear about what it meant for their life expectancy. Phasing in of palliative care often unsettled experiences of the care and treatment the participant was receiving, making them question their expectations of the future.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref481" rid="ch3.ref481"><sup>481</sup></a> For the doctor this means feeling comfortable, confident and able to discuss these issues, and clear that the patient desires this information. Readiness was felt to be necessary for discussions to achieve the best possible outcomes with the least discomfort.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref831" rid="ch3.ref831"><sup>831</sup></a> Appropriate timing and personal coping style helped influence readiness to discuss EOL issues.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref832" rid="ch3.ref832"><sup>832</sup></a> Some felt it was too early to consider EOL issues in their present circumstances;<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref832" rid="ch3.ref832"><sup>832</sup></a> some found there was no point in beating around the bush. The patients coped with illness by being realistic rather than avoiding what to come.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref832" rid="ch3.ref832"><sup>832</sup></a> Focusing on positive information rather than negative future outcomes helped coping.</p></div><div id="ch3.s1.3.2.1.1.6"><h5>Review finding 6: communication skills</h5><p>Patient and HCPs’ communication skills were an important factor in creating the conditions for discussion of prognosis and EOL issues and discussion. Important communication skills for doctors included maintaining a calm and open manner, treating patients as individuals, being sensitive to their individual needs<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref831" rid="ch3.ref831"><sup>831</sup></a> and the perception of compassion.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref168" rid="ch3.ref168"><sup>168</sup></a> Patients needed to feel comfort, trust and respect in their doctor.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref168" rid="ch3.ref168"><sup>168</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref348" rid="ch3.ref348"><sup>348</sup></a> This did not always occur due to wrong predictions about time left, lack of explanations about what treatments available, wrong information or advice about treatments<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref348" rid="ch3.ref348"><sup>348</sup></a> and when decisions were made without the patients.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref484" rid="ch3.ref484"><sup>484</sup></a> Continuity in this relationship was important and the Doctor should honestly discuss the situation, acknowledge and explain uncertainty, relate stories of other patients to foster hope<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref832" rid="ch3.ref832"><sup>832</sup></a> and make a recommendation for a plan of care.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref168" rid="ch3.ref168"><sup>168</sup></a> Although control of the discussion should be actively given to the patient, the doctor should also take the initiative to raise complex or difficult topics such as prognosis and end-of-life issues<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref831" rid="ch3.ref831"><sup>831</sup></a> as participants can find it difficult even if they want to.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref484" rid="ch3.ref484"><sup>484</sup></a> Continuity fostered trust between the patients and the HCPs. It meant they did not have to repeat their medical histories, nor build new relationships and trust with the HCPs.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref196" rid="ch3.ref196"><sup>196</sup></a> Lack of trust diminished participant’s sense of control and placed social and emotional burdens on participants. In contrast, strong trust provided a sense of control.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref701" rid="ch3.ref701"><sup>701</sup></a> Direct communication involved making clear statements about priorities and goals to guide delegates; allowing participants to maintain a sense of control.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref701" rid="ch3.ref701"><sup>701</sup></a> One study found that most participants thought nurses were skilled communicators, who could engage patients and caregivers in often difficult discussions about death and dying.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref371" rid="ch3.ref371"><sup>371</sup></a> In a study of Bangladeshi patients in East London between 1986 and 1993, Spruyt 1999<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref771" rid="ch3.ref771"><sup>771</sup></a> found few people were fluent in spoken English, and fewer literate in English which led to a reliance on family members to translate, with the resulting poor communication in a majority of cases</p></div><div id="ch3.s1.3.2.1.1.7"><h5>Review finding 7: options and involvement in decision-making</h5><p>Many participants mentioned their wish to have options, they felt they needed more information and the option to discuss the issues if they wished,<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref48" rid="ch3.ref48"><sup>48</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref484" rid="ch3.ref484"><sup>484</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref736" rid="ch3.ref736"><sup>736</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref848" rid="ch3.ref848"><sup>848</sup></a> and be included in treatment option discussions, even if they felt they should accept the professionals’ recommendations.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref484" rid="ch3.ref484"><sup>484</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref582" rid="ch3.ref582"><sup>582</sup></a> One study found a quarter of participants had not been presented with different options for future treatment or care<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref348" rid="ch3.ref348"><sup>348</sup></a> and in another study<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref582" rid="ch3.ref582"><sup>582</sup></a> most patients and carers did not feel involved in decision-making or empowered to work in partnership with professionals. Carers reported that some patients were involved in the decision-making process but caregivers often controlled the flow, withheld information and shielded patients from decisions.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref168" rid="ch3.ref168"><sup>168</sup></a> A brochure and advanced directive template helped patients learn more about their end-of-life care options<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref752" rid="ch3.ref752"><sup>752</sup></a> and the palliative care team were found to take a broader approach, discussing all available options of palliative care and what to expect with their situation, which made them more equipped to make decisions than previously.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref554" rid="ch3.ref554"><sup>554</sup></a> Patients expressed preference to stay at home, often even with increasing risks at home, rather than being admitted to hospital. All patients stated they had made the decision about their admission into hospital, and this was the view shared by the carers. In this they weighed the benefit of being at home with the risk. They used practical resources, mainly equipment and carer support and anticipating future needs to manage increasing risks. As their condition advanced/deteriorated, different pieces of equipment were sourced to manage the associated risks, enabling them to remain at home. Carers played a vital role in them staying at home.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref157" rid="ch3.ref157"><sup>157</sup></a> Carers reported a lack of clarity in understanding their role and their involvement in decision making<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref511" rid="ch3.ref511"><sup>511</sup></a>.</p></div><div id="ch3.s1.3.2.1.1.8"><h5>Review finding 8: EOLC service</h5><p>One study<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref475" rid="ch3.ref475"><sup>475</sup></a> found people were more comfortable in discussing certain issues with Palliative Care staff than their GP, who they perceived as too busy and not specialised in their care. Patients trusted the palliative care professionals, who they felt were reliable and dependable<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref396" rid="ch3.ref396"><sup>396</sup></a>, “listening” to them, “more compassionate”, “spending more time” and having a holistic focus.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref554" rid="ch3.ref554"><sup>554</sup></a> They felt care was individualised as they had one nurse allocated, whereas other services had several individuals and treatment/management approaches. They could form a close relationship<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref396" rid="ch3.ref396"><sup>396</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref475" rid="ch3.ref475"><sup>475</sup></a> and discuss ACPs and revisit when appropriate to the individual. Some needed several opportunities to talk about their wishes and makes plans. The decision-making was made together with the nurse and family and plans were perceived as being made jointly, rather than imposed.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref396" rid="ch3.ref396"><sup>396</sup></a> The patients had confidence that they would manage any problems that arose quickly and effectively.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref475" rid="ch3.ref475"><sup>475</sup></a> Nearly all reported a positive experience due to the Palliative Care team, feeling informed, supported and reassured. Palliative Care teams advocated for them, liaised with GPs and consultants, expedited prescriptions, facilitated complicated discharges and more flexible hospital appointments, coordinated care, arranged and conducted family meetings and overcame obstacles to them reaching their goals.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref396" rid="ch3.ref396"><sup>396</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref554" rid="ch3.ref554"><sup>554</sup></a> One family member describes them as navigating them through available services and getting a plan in place.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref554" rid="ch3.ref554"><sup>554</sup></a> There was a smoother transfer from treatment-driven to comfort care. They had an understanding of their prognosis which directed treatment goals, even though this understanding was not the same as the clinicians’ understanding of prognosis. Input from other health professionals, such as physiotherapists and occupational therapists were welcomed by some patients, often the main reason for going to PCDS, as they could improve their physical functioning and mobility<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref475" rid="ch3.ref475"><sup>475</sup></a>. Palliative Care staff monitored them regularly and would pre-empt any problems that might arise. The ability to access these professionals provided security and peace of mind that any problems arising could be dealt with.</p></div><div id="ch3.s1.3.2.1.1.9"><h5>Review finding 9: Co-ordination of EOLC</h5><p>Studies found participants did not know who to call with questions.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref67" rid="ch3.ref67"><sup>67</sup></a> They had difficulty navigating the healthcare system and found a lack of communication between health professionals, and a lack of care co-ordination and continuity among the numerous services providers which lead to perceptions of inconsistent and impersonal care.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref48" rid="ch3.ref48"><sup>48</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref67" rid="ch3.ref67"><sup>67</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref196" rid="ch3.ref196"><sup>196</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref306" rid="ch3.ref306"><sup>306</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref502" rid="ch3.ref502"><sup>502</sup></a><sup>,</sup><a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref51" rid="ch3.ref51"><sup>51</sup></a> One study<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref233" rid="ch3.ref233"><sup>233</sup></a> discovered that having a keyworker to coordinate care for patients with lung cancer was useful as a main point of contact who shared the diagnosis with, and referred them to, hospital clinicians. The key worker liaised between professionals which hastened treatment procedures and services. They co-ordinated services outside the hospital, enabling access to hospital, community and social services and felt supported and followed-up regularly. Whereas patients diagnosed with COPD who did not have access to a dedicated key worker reported access to services only during acute exacerbations when they would be admitted as inpatients, which was followed by a discharge back to the community. Lengthy periods between these meant scarce monitoring and follow-up after discharge apart from a small number who had consistent check-ups from their GP or hospital every 6, 9 and 12 months. Generally follow-up from professionals in the community or from the hospital was vague. Those with COPD who had lung cancer reported access to different services following the involvement of the key worker: access to financial services, psychological support from community palliative care. One study found that accessing all the relevant palliative care professionals in one place through PCDS was invaluable.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref475" rid="ch3.ref475"><sup>475</sup></a> One study found a wish for HCPs to look at them with a holistic lens, to support their multi-dimensional needs. They felt the benefit of their HCPs meeting, which produced connected and coherent care.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref196" rid="ch3.ref196"><sup>196</sup></a></p></div><div id="ch3.s1.3.2.1.1.10"><h5>Review finding 10: discharge planning: practical arrangements</h5><p>One study<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref306" rid="ch3.ref306"><sup>306</sup></a> found that patients were sent out of the hospital without adequate time to prepare themselves, insufficient community support in place, and little knowledge of how to access the services they required. One account implied a lack of participation in the discharge planning process, with no medication, or instructions. A couple of participants had medication errors and another’s medications which were not similar to those at home.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref306" rid="ch3.ref306"><sup>306</sup></a> Teaching about medicine use for symptoms was sparse and not written down. Dosing instructions on the bottle were inadequate and caregivers had no contingency plans.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref67" rid="ch3.ref67"><sup>67</sup></a> Also there were changes to medicines and inconsistencies in instructions.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref67" rid="ch3.ref67"><sup>67</sup></a> Medication changes, usually when in hospital, led to doubts of their purpose and efficacy.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref502" rid="ch3.ref502"><sup>502</sup></a> Patients and families noted a lack of power and choice at discharge. Continuous, flexible care provided patients with choice and facilitated communication. Strategies such as staff rostering and having a key contact person appeared to reduce fragmentation of care.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref736" rid="ch3.ref736"><sup>736</sup></a></p></div><div id="ch3.s1.3.2.1.1.11"><h5>Review finding 11: appointments</h5><p>Patients and carers reported being unable to make timely GP appointments, experienced delays in obtaining prescriptions. Attending hospital or practice appointments could be a struggle, and unnecessary hospital admissions, particularly at weekends, were seen as distressing for, and by, patients. Patients and carers were reluctant to ask for help. Community services did not necessarily visit at a convenient time<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref396" rid="ch3.ref396"><sup>396</sup></a>. Having a pre-booked visit from the nurse, often on a weekly basis, meant that the onus was not always on the patient to ask for the nurse to call, and encouraged patients to feel empowered to request more contact if they felt it necessary.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref396" rid="ch3.ref396"><sup>396</sup></a> Participants appreciated having some control over when the nurse visited compared with other community nurse services.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref396" rid="ch3.ref396"><sup>396</sup></a> Attending clinics was physically demanding and often failed to address complex, ongoing problems.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref502" rid="ch3.ref502"><sup>502</sup></a> There was a sense of imposed processes on patients without recognising the individual’s needs or wishes, from administrative procedures to provision of aids and appliances. One participant felt social service visits intruded too much on day-to-day routine. Furthermore reliance on family members for transport was common which meant a lot of time spent waiting, taking time off work caused annoyance and guilt.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref306" rid="ch3.ref306"><sup>306</sup></a></p></div><div id="ch3.s1.3.2.1.1.12"><h5>Review finding 12: planning ahead</h5><p>One study<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref348" rid="ch3.ref348"><sup>348</sup></a> found that planning for one’s own dying and death was not something that people with lung cancer reported having discussed, except in relation to the practical arrangements following death. They preferred to focus on living in the present by ‘carrying on as normal’ whilst they still felt reasonably well, seeking to postpone facing death until the time came. They also sought to delay awareness of their forthcoming death for as long as possible, preferring not to know when they would die. Family members also felt that when patients appeared well they did not discuss preferences for the future. There was little evidence of integrated care planning or any open discussions about the future between patients, family carers and health professionals. Talking about planning ahead or deteriorating was viewed negatively by some people who had not experiences of doing so.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref502" rid="ch3.ref502"><sup>502</sup></a> In one study no patients reported formulation of end-of-life plans, or considered end-of-life preferences. All realised the importance of such conversations but did not know how to initiate such conversations with their loved ones. None had palliative care involvement.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref48" rid="ch3.ref48"><sup>48</sup></a> Patients drew on their experiences of the healthcare system, their beliefs about illness and accounts from friends, family and the media to try to make sense of their health problems and treatments. Often it was understood as ‘old but not ill’. Beliefs about just being old meant they focused on the present rather than planning ahead and sought help if very ill or unable to cope.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref502" rid="ch3.ref502"><sup>502</sup></a> Carers were often unaware of the patients’ risk of dying, it could be unexpected. None understood the benefits of planning ahead to optimise quality of life and death. Deteriorating health due to multiple illnesses was interpreted as ‘getting old’ so palliative care, which was largely associated with managing imminent death, had no role to play.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref502" rid="ch3.ref502"><sup>502</sup></a> Despite being keen for more involvement in current decisions about their care, participants were very wary about making advance decisions about future treatment. They would not know their future preferences and did not see why making decisions in advance would be helpful.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref484" rid="ch3.ref484"><sup>484</sup></a> Anticipating future needs and making appropriate changes helped patients cope and remain at home. This often involved patients emotionally preparing themselves for change. If the deterioration was too sudden, they were unable to adjust quickly.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref157" rid="ch3.ref157"><sup>157</sup></a></p></div><div id="ch3.s1.3.2.1.1.13"><h5>Review finding 13: ACP: knowledge</h5><p>Information giving was seen by participants to be a critical element of the ACP process as it promoted self-reliance, alleviated fear and uncertainties and helped prepare them for the future, including death, and gave them the knowledge to make decisions that were compatible with their values and beliefs.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref183" rid="ch3.ref183"><sup>183</sup></a> Even with apprehension in discussing topics such as death and dying, if deemed imperative, ACP was thought important to discuss in order to make the best plan practically, realise goals and fulfil relationship duties.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref234" rid="ch3.ref234"><sup>234</sup></a> ACP was thought to be important when they had a clear idea about how the process would benefit them, and was much less likely to engage in it if no benefit was perceived.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref183" rid="ch3.ref183"><sup>183</sup></a></p></div><div id="ch3.s1.3.2.1.1.14"><h5>Review finding 14: ACP: written or discussed</h5><p>Caregivers reported a lack of written advance directives, but revealed knowledge of patients’ wishes for care at the end of life as a way that allowed patient participation in decisions to be made.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref168" rid="ch3.ref168"><sup>168</sup></a> Documentation of patients wishes (ACP) was easier for patients and caregivers who accepted encroaching death. Some caregivers felt documenting wishes enabled patients to ‘let go.’ They felt that LFC would have/gave patients’ autonomy, feelings of control and courage to say what wanted. Some patients did feel some security from its completion as know wishes would be respected and stop confusion of treatment preferences.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref580" rid="ch3.ref580"><sup>580</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref645" rid="ch3.ref645"><sup>645</sup></a> Caregivers felt that the letter did, or would help them feel prepared and know what to do, also to negotiate with other family members.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref580" rid="ch3.ref580"><sup>580</sup></a> Staff could be better informed and better outcomes for all. Some felt it assisted by opening family communication. It clarified decisions for some patients and weighted up QoL versus length of life. Some carers felt it facilitated decision-making through input from expert and sensitive staff,<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref580" rid="ch3.ref580"><sup>580</sup></a> 50% in one study<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref649" rid="ch3.ref649"><sup>649</sup></a> had signed standard advance directives as requested on entry of care home, the other 50% had no written directive or living will. Reason for not having ACP was they never thought of end of life plan, too sick now to think of anything. Hispanic participants feared risk of deportation from completing form.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref649" rid="ch3.ref649"><sup>649</sup></a> Study dialogue increased awareness of patient illness-related social deprivation, fear and end of life care preferences, subjects they had been unable to discuss before. Families talked of a patients’ silence, a stance embraced prior to the study sessions. Some patients felt isolated by anxiety and took opportunity of study to talk of concerns especially loneliness and fear.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref752" rid="ch3.ref752"><sup>752</sup></a> Patients felt that the initiative to make a living will or proxy directive came from outside themselves, and had to be brought up by others. Some felt it was not needed until the end and could cause emotional distress to them or family to discuss it. It was assumed family would know the preferences without formal documentation.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref645" rid="ch3.ref645"><sup>645</sup></a> Some patients were willing to make arrangements for after their death, funerals were planned and will in place and ensure family taken care of. Arrangements for the time before death were less definitely defined. They had a range of strongly divergent ways to express their wishes: from written statements of intent (living wills and enduring powers of attorney) to oral delegation of decision-making power to family members or primary representatives. Some made contradictory statements regarding the intention and implementation of advance directives. Some rejected a living will completely as saw no need for the document or mistrust possible actions by physicians, and were confident family would handle things without any written directions.<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref430" rid="ch3.ref430"><sup>430</sup></a></p></div></div></div></div><div id="ch3.s1.3.3"><h4>1.3.3. Excluded studies</h4><p>See the excluded studies list in <a href="#ch3.appf">Appendix F</a>.</p></div><div id="ch3.s1.3.4"><h4>1.3.4. Qualitative evidence summary</h4><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch3tab4"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 4" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch3tab4" rid-ob="figobch3tab4"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab4/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab4/?report=previmg" alt="Table 4. Summary of evidence." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch3.tab4"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3tab4">Table 4</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of evidence. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch3tab5"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab5/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 5" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch3tab5" rid-ob="figobch3tab5"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab5/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab5/?report=previmg" alt="Table 5. Summary of evidence." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch3.tab5"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab5/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3tab5">Table 5</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of evidence. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch3tab6"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab6/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 6" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch3tab6" rid-ob="figobch3tab6"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab6/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab6/?report=previmg" alt="Table 6. Summary of evidence." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch3.tab6"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab6/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3tab6">Table 6</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of evidence. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch3tab7"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab7/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 7" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch3tab7" rid-ob="figobch3tab7"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab7/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab7/?report=previmg" alt="Table 7. Summary of evidence." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch3.tab7"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab7/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3tab7">Table 7</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of evidence. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch3tab8"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab8/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 8" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch3tab8" rid-ob="figobch3tab8"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab8/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab8/?report=previmg" alt="Table 8. Summary of evidence." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch3.tab8"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab8/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3tab8">Table 8</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of evidence. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch3tab9"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab9/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 9" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch3tab9" rid-ob="figobch3tab9"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab9/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab9/?report=previmg" alt="Table 9. Summary of evidence." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch3.tab9"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab9/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3tab9">Table 9</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of evidence. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch3tab10"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab10/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 10" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch3tab10" rid-ob="figobch3tab10"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab10/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab10/?report=previmg" alt="Table 10. Summary of evidence." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch3.tab10"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab10/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3tab10">Table 10</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of evidence. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch3tab11"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab11/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 11" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch3tab11" rid-ob="figobch3tab11"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab11/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab11/?report=previmg" alt="Table 11. Summary of evidence." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch3.tab11"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab11/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3tab11">Table 11</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of evidence. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch3tab12"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab12/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 12" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch3tab12" rid-ob="figobch3tab12"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab12/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab12/?report=previmg" alt="Table 12. Summary of evidence." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch3.tab12"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab12/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3tab12">Table 12</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of evidence. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch3tab13"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab13/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 13" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch3tab13" rid-ob="figobch3tab13"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab13/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab13/?report=previmg" alt="Table 13. Summary of evidence." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch3.tab13"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab13/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3tab13">Table 13</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of evidence. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch3tab14"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab14/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 14" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch3tab14" rid-ob="figobch3tab14"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab14/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab14/?report=previmg" alt="Table 14. Summary of evidence." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch3.tab14"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab14/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3tab14">Table 14</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of evidence. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch3tab15"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab15/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 15" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch3tab15" rid-ob="figobch3tab15"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab15/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab15/?report=previmg" alt="Table 15. Summary of evidence." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch3.tab15"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab15/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3tab15">Table 15</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of evidence. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch3tab16"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab16/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 16" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch3tab16" rid-ob="figobch3tab16"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab16/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab16/?report=previmg" alt="Table 16. Summary of evidence." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch3.tab16"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab16/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3tab16">Table 16</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of evidence. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figch3tab17"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab17/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 17" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figch3tab17" rid-ob="figobch3tab17"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab17/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab17/?report=previmg" alt="Table 17. Summary of evidence." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="ch3.tab17"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab17/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3tab17">Table 17</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of evidence. </p></div></div></div></div><div id="ch3.s1.4"><h3>1.4. Economic evidence</h3><div id="ch3.s1.4.1"><h4>1.4.1. Included studies</h4><p>The committee agreed that health economic studies would not be relevant to this review question, and so health economic evidence relating to this question was not sought.</p></div></div><div id="ch3.s1.5"><h3>1.5. Resource costs</h3><p>This evidence review was used to underpin recommendations throughout the guideline. No recommendations were developed specifically based on this evidence, but it was used to supplement the evidence in reviews for other topics and to develop recommendations included in <a href="/books/n/niceng142er1/?report=reader" class="toc-item">evidence reviews A</a>,<a href="/books/n/niceng142er4/?report=reader" class="toc-item">D</a>,<a href="/books/n/niceng142er6/?report=reader" class="toc-item">F</a>,<a href="/books/n/niceng142er7/?report=reader" class="toc-item">G</a>,<a href="/books/n/niceng142er8/?report=reader" class="toc-item">H</a>,<a href="/books/n/niceng142er9/?report=reader" class="toc-item">I</a>,<a href="/books/n/niceng142er11/?report=reader" class="toc-item">K</a> and <a href="/books/n/niceng142er13/?report=reader" class="toc-item">M</a>. For information on resource impact please see the resource impact sections in the <a href="/books/n/niceng142er1/?report=reader" class="toc-item">evidence reviews A</a>,<a href="/books/n/niceng142er4/?report=reader" class="toc-item">D</a>,<a href="/books/n/niceng142er6/?report=reader" class="toc-item">F</a>,<a href="/books/n/niceng142er7/?report=reader" class="toc-item">G</a>,<a href="/books/n/niceng142er8/?report=reader" class="toc-item">H</a>,<a href="/books/n/niceng142er9/?report=reader" class="toc-item">I</a>,<a href="/books/n/niceng142er11/?report=reader" class="toc-item">K</a> and <a href="/books/n/niceng142er13/?report=reader" class="toc-item">M</a>.</p></div><div id="ch3.s1.6"><h3>1.6. Evidence statements</h3><div id="ch3.s1.6.1"><h4>1.6.1. Qualitative evidence statements</h4><ul id="ch3.l5"><li id="ch3.lt9" class="half_rhythm"><div>See <a href="#ch3.s1.3.2.1">section 1.3.2.1</a></div></li></ul></div><div id="ch3.s1.6.2"><h4>1.6.2. Health economic evidence statements</h4><ul id="ch3.l6"><li id="ch3.lt10" class="half_rhythm"><div>No relevant economic evaluations were identified.</div></li></ul></div></div><div id="ch3.s1.7"><h3>1.7. Interpreting the evidence</h3><div id="ch3.s1.7.1"><h4>1.7.1.1. The outcomes that matter most</h4><div id="ch3.s1.7.1.1"><h5>Findings identified in the evidence synthesis</h5><p>The barriers and facilitators to the initial access of end-of-life care mainly related to acquiring adequate information: about their end-of-life and the available services; and communication at the palliative care consultation, including involvement in decision-making. More, clearly delivered, information about prognosis, disease progression and planning for the future was required. The Committee wished to reflect this in the recommendation to elicit the preferences of the patient for information provision and being involved in decision making (<a href="/books/n/niceng142/?report=reader" class="toc-item">recommendation 1.3.2</a>). Further sub-recommendations included: revisiting the patients’ choices, as the Committee agreed in their experience patients’ circumstances will change and with this their requirements; the carer involvement review found that transitions of care required improved communication and therefore attention is needed to ensure changes in prognosis are noted.</p><p>The timing of information about disease trajectory, the dying and hospice process and ACP was preferred earlier. However they also felt that both the patient and the doctor need to be ready and able to have the end-of-life discussion. Patients require acceptance and adjustment while doctors and other healthcare professionals involved in their care need to be confident in discussing these issues and to be able to judge whether the patient is ready for this information. They should be skilled in being sensitive to patients’ needs and be able to raise difficult issues directly, yet ultimate control of the conversation should be given to the patient. Patients should be provided with options and be part of the decision-making process.</p><p>There was a lack of awareness of end-of-life services available and how to gain support. Their understanding of the concepts of end-of-life care such as palliative and hospice care was variable which could lead to wrong expectations of services. Patients were very satisfied with the palliative care teams, and found they had more time for them, listened and provided specialist care and access to other services. The system can be difficult to navigate so a keyworker was found to be useful to co-ordinate and gain access to services. The Committee therefore included an End of Life Care Co-ordinator or lead health care professional be involved to ensure information is provided.</p><p>There were practical arrangements required as part of the discharge planning process, such as how to access services, medication contingency and instructions. Appointments were found to be too disruptive and not under the patients’ control. The Committee agreed strongly about streamlining appointments as multiple appointments, which can often involve a lot of travelling, may stop the patient attending. Streamlining was thought to be better achieved by having the lead health professional oversee appointments.</p><p>Patients varied in their readiness to plan ahead. Gaining knowledge of ACPs and their benefits helped patients decide on completing of them. Some preferred to have it in writing, whereas others preferred verbal plans. The process alone helped discussion of their concerns. Therefore making sure the patient has the correct information to make choices on ACP will help the patient decide what they want to do and when to do it.</p><p>The Committee agreed that by setting up appropriate systems to: ensure that there was adequate individualised information provision about their end-of-life and subsequent access to services and to maintain an improved appointment service, this would reflect in improvements in the provision of end-of-life care (<a href="/books/n/niceng142/?report=reader" class="toc-item">recommendations 1.8.1</a> and <a href="/books/n/niceng142/?report=reader" class="toc-item">1.8.2</a>).</p></div></div><div id="ch3.s1.7.2"><h4>1.7.1.2. The quality of the evidence</h4><p>Thirty-four studies were included in the review, using structured interviews and focus groups to elicit patients’ and carers’ views, which was then thematically analysed. The evidence was graded low to moderate quality, the studies overall were well-conducted and analysed. It was downgraded where there were minor methodological limitations, lack of coherence and/or lack of adequacy, with too few studies reporting the finding. Due to mainly moderate quality and the findings agreeing with their experience of barriers to accessing, planning and discharge in end-of-life care the Committee had confidence in their recommendations.</p></div><div id="ch3.s1.7.3"><h4>1.7.1.3. Cost effectiveness and resource use</h4><p>No relevant economic evaluations were identified. The committee considered that while some of these recommendations have potential cost implications, for example establishing new systems and processes to improve coordination of care and establish people’s preferences, or training staff to be skilled at discussing people’s needs and preferences and conducting holistic needs assessments, these are fundamental aspects of good patient care. Well-coordinated care also has the potential to reduce repetition of different healthcare professional gathering or providing the same information and reducing the number of appointments people are required to attend. These improvements in efficiency could lead to cost savings.</p></div></div></div><div id="ch3.rl.r1"><h2 id="_ch3_rl_r1_">References</h2><dl class="temp-labeled-list"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref1">Aasmul
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P, Neergaard
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V. Transition journey from hospital to home in patients with cancer and their caregivers: a qualitative study. Supportive Care in Cancer. 2016; 24(10):4319–4326 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27178439" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27178439</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>27.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref27">Ang
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SF. Perceived need for community geriatric services: a survey at a regional hospital in Singapore in an inpatient setting. Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore. 1999; 28(3):377–83 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10575522" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 10575522</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>28.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref28">Ankuda
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CK, Kersting
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K, Guetterman
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TC, Haefner
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J, Fonger
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T, Miyashita
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J, Yamamoto
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T, Kise
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Y
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et al. Patient experience of primary care and advance care planning: A multicentre cross-sectional study in Japan. Family Practice. 2017; 34(2):206–212 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28334740" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28334740</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>30.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref30">Aoun
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S, Deas
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K, Toye
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C, Ewing
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G, Grande
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G, Stajduhar
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K. Supporting family caregivers to identify their own needs in end-of-life care: Qualitative findings from a stepped wedge cluster trial. Palliative Medicine. 2015; 29(6):508–517 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25645667" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25645667</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>31.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref31">Aoun
|
|
S, Toye
|
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C, Deas
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K, Howting
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D, Ewing
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SM, Kristjanson
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LJ, Currow
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DC, Hudson
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|
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G, Popescu
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A, Howting
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D, Quine
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S, Howard
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K. ‘They never talked to me about…’: Perspectives on aged care resident transfer to emergency departments. Australasian Journal on Ageing. 2015; 34(2):95–102 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24372732" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24372732</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>34.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref34">Arias Rojas
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M, Garcia-Vivar
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C. The transition of palliative care from the hospital to the home: a narrative review of experiences of patients and family caretakers. Investigacion y Educacion en Enfermeria. 2015; 33(3):482–491 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28569956" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28569956</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>35.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref35">Asgeirsdottir
|
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GH, Sigurbjornsson
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E, Traustadottir
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R, Sigurdardottir
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V, Gunnarsdottir
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S, Kelly
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E. “To cherish each day as it comes”: A qualitative study of spirituality among persons receiving palliative care. Supportive Care in Cancer. 2013; 21(5):1445–51 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23288396" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23288396</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>36.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref36">Ashley
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JL, Fasolino
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TK. Palliative and hospice care: Educational needs of inpatient registered nurses. Creative Nursing. 2016; 22(2):114–120</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>37.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref37">Ashworth
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M, Baker
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AH. ‘Time and space’: Carers’ views about respite care. Health & Social Care in the Community. 2000; 8(1):50–56 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11560674" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11560674</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>38.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref38">Asprey
|
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A, Richards
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SH, Wright
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C, Seamark
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C, Seamark
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D, Moxon
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J. Transferring information to an out-of-hours primary care service for patients with palliative care needs: An action research study to improve the use of handover forms. Primary Health Care Research & Development. 2013; 14(1):7–20 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23174127" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23174127</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>39.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref39">Auret
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K, Sinclair
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C, Averill
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B, Evans
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S. Advance care planning and end-of-life care in a network of rural Western Australian hospitals. Australian Journal of Rural Health. 2015; 23(4):195–200 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26131742" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26131742</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>40.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref40">Avis
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M, Jackson
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JG, Cox
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K, Miskella
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C. Evaluation of a project providing community palliative care support to nursing homes. Health & Social Care in the Community. 1999; 7(1):32–38 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11560620" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11560620</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>41.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref41">Azami-Aghdash
|
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S, Ghojazadeh
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M, Hossein Aghaei
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M, Naghavi-Behzad
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M, Asgarlo
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Z. Perspective of patients, patients’ families, and healthcare providers towards designing and delivering hospice care services in a middle income country. Indian Journal of Palliative Care. 2015; 21(3):341–348 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4617043/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4617043</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26600704" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26600704</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>42.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref42">Back
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AL, Arnold
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RM. Dealing with conflict in caring for the seriously ill: “It was just out of the question”. JAMA. 2005; 293(11):1374–81 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15769971" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15769971</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>43.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref43">Back
|
|
AL, Young
|
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JP, McCown
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E, Engelberg
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RA, Vig
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EK, Reinke
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|
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C, Hewison
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A, Karasouli
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E, Staniszewska
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S, Munday
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D. Hospital care following emergency admission: a critical incident case study of the experiences of patients with advanced lung cancer and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2016; 25(15–16):2168–79 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27139373" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27139373</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>45.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref45">Bailey
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V. Satisfaction levels with a community night nursing service. Nursing Standard. 2007; 22(5):35–42 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17977137" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17977137</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>46.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref46">Bainbridge
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D, Bryant
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D, Seow
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|
|
D, Seow
|
|
H, Sussman
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J, Pond
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G, Barbera
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L. Factors associated with not receiving homecare, end-of-life homecare, or early homecare referral among cancer decedents: A population-based cohort study. Health Policy. 2015; 119(6):831–839 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25497714" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25497714</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>48.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref48">Bajwah
|
|
S, Koffman
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J, Higginson
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IJ, Ross
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JR, Wells
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AU, Birring
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SS
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|
|
M, Dionne-Odom
|
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JN, Jackson
|
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L, Frost
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J, Bishop
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MF, Li
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Z. “There were more decisions and more options than just yes or no”: Evaluating a decision aid for advanced cancer patients and their family caregivers. Palliative and Supportive Care. 2017; 15(1):44–56 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27516060" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27516060</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>50.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref50">Balboni
|
|
MJ, Sullivan
|
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A, Enzinger
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AC, Epstein-Peterson
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ZD, Tseng
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YD, Mitchell
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|
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C, Lee
|
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R, McLellan
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E, Poole
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M, Harrison-Dening
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K, Hughes
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|
|
L, Sussman
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J, Viola
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R, Husain
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A, Howell
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D, Librach
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SL
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|
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KA, Barlow
|
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CA, Harrington
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J, Ornadel
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K, Tookman
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A, King
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DM, Pestello
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EP, Garland
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TN. Experiences with home hospice care: determinants of place of death. Death Education. 1984; 8(4):199–222 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10268539" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 10268539</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>56.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref56">Baughman
|
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KR, Ludwick
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B, Hazelett
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S, Sanders
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M. The Relationship between organizational characteristics and advance care planning practices. American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Medicine. 2015; 32(5):510–5 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24711574" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24711574</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>57.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref57">Beattie
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K, Luker
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K, Woods
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M, Caraceni
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A, Costantini
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M, Costantini
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M, Merlo
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DF, Group
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ER, McIlfatrick
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F, Leavey
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M, Jaspers
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B, King
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C, Radbruch
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|
|
K, Deliens
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L, De Vleminck
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A, Devroey
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D, Pardon
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K, Van den Block
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|
|
K, Van den Block
|
|
L, Van Thienen
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K, Devroey
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D, Pardon
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K, Deliens
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|
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DB, Nowels
|
|
CT, Retrum
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JH, Allen
|
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LA, Shakar
|
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S, Hutt
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E, Hansen
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AW, Fromme
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B, Kuhnel
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L, McNitt
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S. Uncovering beliefs and barriers: staff attitudes related to advance directives. American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Medicine. 2008; 25(5):347–53 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18812620" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 18812620</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>69.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref69">Bernal
|
|
EW, Marco
|
|
CA, Parkins
|
|
S, Buderer
|
|
N, Thum
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SD. End-of-life decisions: family views on advance directives. American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Medicine. 2007; 24(4):300–7 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17582028" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17582028</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>70.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref70">Bertain
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CJ, O’Riordan
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DL, Pantilat
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SZ. Learning from those without: Identifying barriers and creating solutions to establishing hospital palliative care services. Journal of Hospital Medicine. 2015; 10(4):254–255 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25523274" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25523274</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>71.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref71">Betz
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ME, Lowenstein
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SR, Schwartz
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R. Older adult opinions of “advance driving directives”. Journal of Primary Care & Community Health. 2013; 4(1):14–27 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23799685" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23799685</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>72.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref72">Black
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K. Social workers’ personal death attitudes, experiences, and advance directive communication behavior. Journal Of Social Work In End-Of-Life & Palliative Care. 2005; 1(3):21–35 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17387067" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17387067</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>73.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref73">Black
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K, Emmet
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|
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R, Lowton
|
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K, Robert
|
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G, Grudzen
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C, Grocott
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P. Using Experience-based Co-design with older patients, their families and staff to improve palliative care experiences in the Emergency Department: A reflective critique on the process and outcomes. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 2017; 68:83–94 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28095347" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28095347</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>75.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref75">Bodner
|
|
ME, Bilheimer
|
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A, Gao
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X, Lyna
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P, Alexander
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SC, Dolor
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RJ
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I, Jones
|
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J, Coughlan
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C, Carter
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J, Bekelman
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D, Miyasaki
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J
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et al. Palliative Care and Parkinson’s Disease: caregiver perspectives. Journal of Palliative Medicine. 2017; 20(9):930–938 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5576067/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5576067</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28520498" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28520498</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>77.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref77">Bone
|
|
AE, Morgan
|
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M, Maddocks
|
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M, Sleeman
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KE, Wright
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J, Taherzadeh
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M, Wilson
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C. Clinical nurse specialists perspectives on advance care planning conversations: a qualitative study. International Journal of Palliative Nursing. 2014; 20(1):9–14 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24464168" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24464168</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>79.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref79">Boucher
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J, Bova
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C, Sullivan-Bolyai
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S, Theroux
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R, Klar
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R, Terrien
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K, Mason
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B, Kendall
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M, Barclay
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S, Chinn
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D, Thomas
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K
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et al. Advance care planning for cancer patients in primary care: a feasibility study. British Journal of General Practice. 2010; 60(581):e449–58 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2991761/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2991761</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21144189" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21144189</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>81.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref81">Brackley
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ME, Penning
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CT, Brasel
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EH, Blechner
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BB, Walker
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LC, Wetle
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TT. Institutional efforts to promote advance care planning in nursing homes: Challenges and opportunities. Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics. 1997; 25(2–3):150–159, 83 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11066489" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11066489</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>84.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref84">Bradley
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SE, Frizelle
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D, Johnson
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M. Patients’ psychosocial experiences of attending Specialist Palliative Day Care: A systematic review. Palliative Medicine. 2011; 25(3):210–228 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21228097" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21228097</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>85.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref85">Bray
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Y, Goodyear-Smith
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F. Patient and family perceptions of hospice services: ‘I knew they weren’t like hospitals’. Journal of Primary Health Care. 2013; 5(3):206–13 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23998171" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23998171</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>86.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref86">Brazil
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K, Bainbridge
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D, Rodriguez
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C. The stress process in palliative cancer care: A qualitative study on informal caregiving and its implication for the delivery of care. American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine. 2010; 27(2):111–116 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20008823" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20008823</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>87.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref87">Brazil
|
|
K, Bedard
|
|
M, Krueger
|
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P, Abernathy
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T, Lohfeld
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L, Willison
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K. Service preferences among family caregivers of the terminally ill. Journal of Palliative Medicine. 2005; 8(1):69–78 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15662175" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15662175</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>88.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref88">Brazil
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K, Bedard
|
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M, Willison
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K, Hode
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M. Caregiving and its impact on families of the terminally ill. Aging & Mental Health. 2003; 7(5):376–82 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12959807" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12959807</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>89.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref89">Brazil
|
|
K, Howell
|
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D, Bedard
|
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M, Krueger
|
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P, Heidebrecht
|
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C. Preferences for place of care and place of death among informal caregivers of the terminally ill. Palliative Medicine. 2005; 19(6):492–499 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16218162" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16218162</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>90.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref90">Brenner
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PR. Managing patients and families at the ending of life: hospice assumptions, structures, and practice in response to staff stress. Cancer Investigation. 1997; 15(3):257–64 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9171860" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 9171860</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>91.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref91">Bridge
|
|
M, Roughton
|
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DI, Lewis
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S, Barelds
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J, Brenton
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S, Cotter
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S
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et al. Using caregivers-as-proxies to retrospectively assess and measure quality of dying of palliative care clients. American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Medicine. 2002; 19(3):193–9 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12026043" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12026043</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>92.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref92">Briggs
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D. Notes on the end of life: the social interactions between patients, carers and professionals. Quality in Ageing & Older Adults. 2010; 11(2):35–46</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>93.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref93">Brinkman-Stoppelenburg
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JA, van der Heide
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A. The effects of advance care planning on end-of-life care: A systematic review. Palliative Medicine. 2014; 28(8):1000–25 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24651708" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24651708</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>94.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref94">Bristowe
|
|
K, Carey
|
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I, Hopper
|
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A, Shouls
|
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S, Prentice
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W, Caulkin
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|
|
K, Horsley
|
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HL, Shepherd
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K, Brown
|
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H, Carey
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I, Matthews
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et al. Thinking ahead--the need for early Advance Care Planning for people on haemodialysis: A qualitative interview study. Palliative Medicine. 2015; 29(5):443–50 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4404401/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4404401</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25527527" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25527527</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>96.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref96">Brooke
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J, Kirk
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LA, Manias
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A, Kirby
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P, Wootton
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J, Adams
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S, Macdonald
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CR, Macleod
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U, Mair
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FS. Patient, carer and professional perspectives on barriers and facilitators to quality care in advanced heart failure. PloS One. 2014; 9(3):e93288 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3968134/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3968134</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24676421" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24676421</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>100.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref100">Buecken
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R, Galushko
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M, Golla
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H, Strupp
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N, Rauprich
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O, Hecht
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M, Vollmann
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J. Discussing living wills. A qualitative study of a German sample of neurologists and ALS patients. Journal of the Neurological Sciences. 2005; 237(1–2):67–74 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16009378" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16009378</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>102.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref102">Bussmann
|
|
S, Muders
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P, Zahrt-Omar
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CA, Escobar
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PL, Claus
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|
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A, Sampson
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C, Baillie
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J, Harrison
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K, Hope-Gill
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K. Spousal caregivers’ experiences during their husbands’/wives’ transition from a geriatric rehabilitation unit to home. University of Western Ontario (Canada). 2008. Ph.D.</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>105.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref105">Cagle
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JG, Carr
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S, Zimmerman
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C, Tate
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DA. Next-of-kin perceptions of physician responsiveness to symptoms of hospitalized patients near death. Journal of Palliative Medicine. 2003; 6(4):531–41 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14516495" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 14516495</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>110.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref110">Carabez
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R, Scott
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TA, Schouten
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JS, Miegel
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C, Onwuteaka-Philipsen
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D, Pickard
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DJ, Hirschman
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DA, Huba
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MA, Ott
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ML, Politi
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KA, Hughes
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PM, Ibbotson
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D. Views and experiences of using integrated care pathways (ICPs) for caring for people in the last days to hours of life: Results from a cross-sectional survey of UK professionals. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care. 2016; 6(3):377–80 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25563336" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25563336</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>152.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref152">Collins
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LG, Swartz
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K. Caregiver care. American Family Physician. 2011; 83(11):1309–17 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21661713" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21661713</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>153.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref153">Colman
|
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RE, Curtis
|
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JR, Nelson
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JE, Efferen
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L, Hadjiliadis
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D, Levine
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DJ
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et al. Barriers to optimal palliative care of lung transplant candidates. Chest. 2013; 143(3):736–43 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4694081/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4694081</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22922517" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22922517</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>154.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref154">Connell
|
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T, Fernandez
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RS, Griffiths
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R, Tran
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D, Agar
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M, Harlum
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et al. Perceptions of the impact of health-care services provided to palliative care clients and their carers. International Journal of Palliative Nursing. 2010; 16(6):274–84 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20925290" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20925290</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>155.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref155">Conner
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NE, Chase
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SK. Decisions and caregiving: end of life among blacks from the perspective of informal caregivers and decision makers. American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Medicine. 2015; 32(4):454–63 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24707009" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24707009</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>156.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref156">Coombs
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|
M, Long-Sutehall
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T, Darlington
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AS, Richardson
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A. Doctors’ and nurses’ views and experience of transferring patients from critical care home to die: A qualitative exploratory study. Palliative Medicine. 2015; 29(4):354–62 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4370931/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4370931</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25519147" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25519147</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>157.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref157">Coombs
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MA, Parker
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R, de Vries
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K. Managing risk during care transitions when approaching end of life: A qualitative study of patients’ and health care professionals’ decision making. Palliative Medicine. 2017; 31(7):617–624 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5476192/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5476192</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28618896" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28618896</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>158.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref158">Cornally
|
|
NP, Coffey
|
|
AP, Daly
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EP, McGlade
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CMB, Weathers
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EP, O’Herlihy
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EP
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et al. Measuring staff perception of end-of-life experience of older adults in long-term care. Applied Nursing Research. 2016; 30:245–251 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27091285" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27091285</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>159.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref159">Cornetta
|
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K, Kipsang
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S, Gramelspacher
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G, Choi
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E, Brown
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C, Hill
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AB
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et al. Integration of palliative care into comprehensive cancer treatment at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Western Kenya. Journal of Global Oncology. 2015; 1(1):23–29 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5551647/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5551647</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28804768" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28804768</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>160.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref160">Correa-Casado
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M, Granero-Molina
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J, Hernandez-Padilla
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JM, Fernandez-Sola
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C. Transferring palliative-care patients from hospital to community care: A qualitative study. Atencion Primaria. 2017; 49(6):326–334 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6876029/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC6876029</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27842728" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27842728</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>161.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref161">Cortis
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JD, Williams
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A. Palliative and supportive needs of older adults with heart failure. International Nursing Review. 2007; 54(3):263–270 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17685910" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17685910</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>162.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref162">Cramm
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JM, Leensvaart
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L, Berghout
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M, Van Exel
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J. Exploring views on what is important for patient-centred care in end-stage renal disease using Q methodology. BMC Nephrology. 2015; 16
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74 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4446837/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4446837</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26018544" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26018544</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>163.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref163">Crawford
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A. Respiratory practitioners’ experience of end-of-life discussions in COPD. British Journal of Nursing. 2010; 19(18):1164–1169 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20948471" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20948471</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>164.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref164">Crofford
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BA. Family problems in home care of terminally ill: Hospice perspective. 1980;</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>165.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref165">Crooks
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VA, Castleden
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H, Schuurman
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N, Hanlon
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N. Visioning for secondary palliative care service hubs in rural communities: A qualitative case study from British Columbia’s interior. BMC Palliative Care. 2009; 8:15 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2763848/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2763848</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19818139" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 19818139</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>166.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref166">Cruz-Oliver
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DM, Parikh
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M, Wallace
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CL, Malmstrom
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TK, Sanchez-Reilly
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S. What did Latino family caregivers expect and learn From education intervention “Caregivers Like Me”?
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American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Medicine. 2017; Epublication [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28592164" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28592164</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>167.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref167">Csikai
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EL. Bereaved hospice caregivers’ perceptions of the end-of-life care communication process and the involvement of health care professionals. Journal of Palliative Medicine. 2006; 9(6):1300–9 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17187538" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17187538</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>168.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref168">Csikai
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EL, Martin
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SS. Bereaved hospice caregivers’ views of the transition to hospice. Social Work in Health Care. 2010; 49(5):387–400 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20521204" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20521204</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>169.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref169">Csikos
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A, Mastrojohn
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J, III, Albanese
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T, Moeller
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JR, Radwany
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S, Busa
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C. Physicians’ beliefs and attitudes about end-of-life care: A comparison of selected regions in Hungary and the United States. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 2010; 39(1):76–87 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19892511" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 19892511</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>170.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref170">Cui
|
|
J, Fang
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F, Shen
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F, Song
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L, Zhou
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L, Ma
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X
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et al. Quality of life in patients with advanced cancer at the end-of-life as measured by the McGill quality of life questionnaire: A survey in China. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 2014; 48(5):893–902 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24793079" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24793079</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>171.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref171">Currow
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DC, Ward
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A, Clark
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K, Burns
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CM, Abernethy
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AP. Caregivers for people with end-stage lung disease: Characteristics and unmet needs in the whole population. International Journal of COPD. 2008; 3(4):753–762 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2650595/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2650595</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19281090" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 19281090</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>172.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref172">Curtis
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JR. Communicating with patients and their families about advance care planning and end-of-life care. Respiratory Care. 2000; 45(11):1385–94; discussion 1394–8 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11063526" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11063526</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>173.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref173">Curtis
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JR, Engelberg
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RA, Nielsen
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EL, Au
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DH, Patrick
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DL. Patient-physician communication about end-of-life care for patients with severe COPD. European Respiratory Journal. 2004; 24(2):200–5 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15332385" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15332385</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>174.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref174">Curtis
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JR, Engelberg
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RA, Wenrich
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MD, Shannon
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SE, Treece
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PD, Rubenfeld
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GD. Missed opportunities during family conferences about end-of-life care in the intensive care unit. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 2005; 171(8):844–9 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15640361" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15640361</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>175.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref175">da Silva
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ATC, de Aguiar
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ME, Winck
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K, Rodrigues
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KGW, Sato
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ME, Grisi
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SJFE
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et al. Family Health Support Centers: Challenges and opportunities from the perspective of primary care professionals in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Cadernos de Saúde Publica. 2012; 28(11):2076–2084 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23147949" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23147949</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>176.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref176">Dahm
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MF, Wadensten
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B. Nurses’ experiences of and opinions about using standardised care plans in electronic health records--a questionnaire study. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2008; 17(16):2137–45 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18705735" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 18705735</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>177.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref177">Dalgaard
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KM, Thorsell
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G, Delmar
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C. Identifying transitions in terminal illness trajectories: A critical factor in hospital-based palliative care. International Journal of Palliative Nursing. 2010; 16(2):87–92 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20220686" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20220686</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>178.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref178">Dalisay-Gallardo
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MI, Perez
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E. Family members’ satisfaction in the end-of-life care in the ICU in a tertiary hospital setting. Phillippine Journal of Internal Medicine. 2012; 50(4)</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>179.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref179">Danis
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M, Abernethy
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AP, Zafar
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SY, Samsa
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GP, Wolf
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SP, Howie
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et al. A decision exercise to engage cancer patients and families in deliberation about Medicare coverage for advanced cancer care. BMC Health Services Research. 2014; 14:315 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4112612/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4112612</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25038783" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25038783</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>180.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref180">Daveson
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BA, Alonso
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JP, Calanzani
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N, Ramsenthaler
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C, Gysels
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M, Antunes
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et al. Learning from the public: citizens describe the need to improve end-of-life care access, provision and recognition across Europe. European Journal of Public Health. 2014; 24(3):521–7 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4032478/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4032478</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23487548" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23487548</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>181.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref181">Davies
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B, Steele
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R, Collins
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JB, Cook
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K, Smith
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S. The impact on families of respite care in a children’s hospice program. Journal of Palliative Care. 2004; 20(4):277–286 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15690830" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15690830</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>182.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref182">Davies
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N, Maio
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L, Vedavanam
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K, Manthorpe
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J, Vernooij-Dassen
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M, Iliffe
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SN. Facilitating advance care planning for patients with end-stage renal disease: the patient perspective. Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 2006; 1(5):1023–8 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17699322" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17699322</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>184.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref184">Davison
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SN, Jhangri
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GS, Koffman
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J. Knowledge of and attitudes towards palliative care and hospice services among patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care. 2016; 6(1):66–74 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24916198" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24916198</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>185.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref185">De Gendt
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C, Bilsen
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J, Stichele
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RV, Deliens
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L. Advance care planning and dying in nursing homes in Flanders, Belgium: A nationwide survey. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 2013; 45(2):223–34 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22917717" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22917717</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>186.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref186">De Graaff
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FM, Francke
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AL. Home care for terminally ill Turks and Moroccans and their families in the Netherlands: Carers’ experiences and factors influencing ease of access and use of services. International Journal of Nursing Studies. 2003; 40(8):797–805 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14568362" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 14568362</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>187.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref187">de Graaff
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|
FM, Francke
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AL, van den Muijsenbergh
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ME, van der Geest
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S. ‘Palliative care’: a contradiction in terms? A qualitative study of cancer patients with a Turkish or Moroccan background, their relatives and care providers. BMC Palliative Care. 2010; 9:19 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2944252/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2944252</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20831777" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20831777</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>188.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref188">de Graaff
|
|
FM, Mistiaen
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P, Deville
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WL, Francke
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AL. Perspectives on care and communication involving incurably ill Turkish and Moroccan patients, relatives and professionals: a systematic literature review. BMC Palliative Care. 2012; 11:17 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3517329/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3517329</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22985103" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22985103</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>189.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref189">de Veer
|
|
AJ, Francke
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AL, Poortvliet
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EP. Nurses’ involvement in end-of-life decisions. Cancer Nursing. 2008; 31(3):222–8 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18453879" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 18453879</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>190.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref190">De Vleminck
|
|
A, Houttekier
|
|
D, Pardon
|
|
K, Deschepper
|
|
R, Van Audenhove
|
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C, Vander Stichele
|
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R
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et al. Barriers and facilitators for general practitioners to engage in advance care planning: A systematic review. Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care. 2013; 31(4):215–226 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3860298/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3860298</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24299046" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24299046</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>191.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref191">De Vleminck
|
|
A, Pardon
|
|
K, Beernaert
|
|
K, Deschepper
|
|
R, Houttekier
|
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D, Van Audenhove
|
|
C
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et al. Barriers to advance care planning in cancer, heart failure and dementia patients: A focus group study on general practitioners’ views and experiences. PloS One. 2014; 9 (1):e84905 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3897376/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3897376</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24465450" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24465450</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>192.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref192">Deeg
|
|
DJH, Klinkenberg
|
|
M, Onwuteaka-Philipsen
|
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BD, van der Wal
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G, Willems
|
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DL. Preferences in end-of-life care of older persons: After-death interviews with proxy respondents. Social Science and Medicine. 2004; 59(12):2467–2477 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15474202" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15474202</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>193.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref193">Demiglio
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L, Williams
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AM. A qualitative study examining the sustainability of shared care in the delivery of palliative care services in the community. BMC Palliative Care. 2013; 12:32 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3844373/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3844373</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23984638" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23984638</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>194.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref194">Demiris
|
|
G, Oliver
|
|
DR, Hensel
|
|
B, Dickey
|
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G, Rantz
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M, Skubic
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M. Use of videophones for distant caregiving: An enriching experience for families and residents in long-term care. Journal of Gerontological Nursing. 2008; 34(7):50–5 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18649824" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 18649824</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>195.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref195">den Herder-van der Eerden
|
|
M, Ebenau
|
|
A, Payne
|
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S, Preston
|
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N, Radbruch
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L, Linge-Dahl
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L
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et al. Integrated palliative care networks from the perspectives of patients: A cross-sectional explorative study in five European countries. Palliative Medicine. 2018; 32(6):1103–1113 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5967022/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5967022</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29400620" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 29400620</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>196.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref196">den Herder-van der Eerden
|
|
M, Hasselaar
|
|
J, Payne
|
|
S, Varey
|
|
S, Schwabe
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S, Radbruch
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L
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et al. How continuity of care is experienced within the context of integrated palliative care: A qualitative study with patients and family caregivers in five European countries. Palliative Medicine. 2017; 31(10):946–955 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28659022" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28659022</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>197.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref197">Dening
|
|
KH, Greenish
|
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W, Jones
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L, Mandal
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U, Sampson
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EL. Barriers to providing end-of-life care for people with dementia: A whole-system qualitative study. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care. 2012; 2(2):103–7 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24654049" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24654049</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>198.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref198">Dening
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KH, Jones
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L, Sampson
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EL. Preferences for end-of-life care: A nominal group study of people with dementia and their family carers. Palliative Medicine. 2013; 27(5):409–417 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3652642/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3652642</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23128905" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23128905</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>199.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref199">Denvir
|
|
MA, Highet
|
|
G, Robertson
|
|
S, Cudmore
|
|
S, Reid
|
|
J, Ness
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A
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et al. Future Care Planning for patients approaching end-of-life with advanced heart disease: an interview study with patients, carers and healthcare professionals exploring the content, rationale and design of a randomised clinical trial. BMJ Open. 2014; 4(7):e005021 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4120336/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4120336</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25023130" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25023130</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>200.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref200">Desai
|
|
AD, Durkin
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LK, Jacob-Files
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EA, Mangione-Smith
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R. Caregiver Perceptions of Hospital to Home Transitions According to Medical Complexity: A Qualitative Study. Academic Pediatrics. 2016; 16(2):136–44 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26703883" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26703883</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>201.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref201">Dev
|
|
R, Coulson
|
|
L, Del Fabbro
|
|
E, Palla
|
|
SL, Yennurajalingam
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S, Rhondali
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W
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et al. A prospective study of family conferences: Effects of patient presence on emotional expression and end-of-life discussions. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 2013; 46(4):536–545 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23507128" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23507128</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>202.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref202">Dev
|
|
S, Abernethy
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AP, Rogers
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JG, O’Connor
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CM. Preferences of people with advanced heart failure-a structured narrative literature review to inform decision making in the palliative care setting. American Heart Journal. 2012; 164(3):313–319.e5 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22980296" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22980296</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>203.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref203">Dickinson
|
|
C, Bamford
|
|
C, Exley
|
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C, Emmett
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C, Hughes
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J, Robinson
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L. Planning for tomorrow whilst living for today: The views of people with dementia and their families on advance care planning. International Psychogeriatrics. 2013; 25(12):2011–2021 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24053783" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24053783</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>204.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref204">Dillon
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EC. How home hospice care facilitates patient and family engagement. Death Studies. 2016; 40(10):591–600 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27813718" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27813718</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>205.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref205">Dionne-Odom
|
|
JN, Azuero
|
|
A, Lyons
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|
KD, Hull
|
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JG, Tosteson
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T, Li
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Z
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et al. Benefits of early versus delayed palliative care to informal family caregivers of patients with advanced cancer: Outcomes from the ENABLE III randomized controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Oncology. 2015; 33(13):1446–1452 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4404423/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4404423</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25800762" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25800762</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>206.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref206">Diwan
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S, Hougham
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GW, Sachs
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GA. Strain experienced by caregivers of dementia patients receiving palliative care: Findings from the Palliative Excellence in Alzheimer Care Efforts (PEACE) Program. Journal of Palliative Medicine. 2004; 7(6):797–807 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15684847" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15684847</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>207.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref207">Docherty
|
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A, Owens
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A, Asadi-Lari
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M, Petchey
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R, Williams
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J, Carter
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YH. Knowledge and information needs of informal caregivers in palliative care: A qualitative systematic review. Palliative Medicine. 2008; 22(2):153–71 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18372380" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 18372380</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>208.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref208">Donnelly
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S, Battley
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J. Relatives’ experience of the moment of death in a tertiary referral hospital. Mortality. 2010; 15(1):81–100</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>209.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref209">Douglas
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R, Brown
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HN. Patients’ attitudes toward advance directives. Journal of Nursing Scholarship. 2002; 34(1):61–5 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11901969" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11901969</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>210.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref210">Dow
|
|
LA, Matsuyama
|
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RK, Ramakrishnan
|
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V, Kuhn
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L, Lamont
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EB, Lyckholm
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L
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|
|
L, Rendall-Mkosi
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K, Van den Broucke
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S, Bergh
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A-M, Mafutha
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NG. Self-management support needs of patients with chronic diseases in a South African township: A qualitative study. Journal of Community Health Nursing. 2017; 34(1):21–31 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28156143" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28156143</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>212.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref212">Duffy
|
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SA, Jackson
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FC, Schim
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SM, Ronis
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DL, Fowler
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KE. Racial-ethnic preferences, sex preferences, and perceived discrimination related to end-of-life care. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2006; 54(1):150–157 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16420213" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16420213</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>213.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref213">Duggleby
|
|
W, Tycholiz
|
|
J, Holtslander
|
|
L, Hudson
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P, Nekolaichuk
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C, Mirhosseini
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D, Pace
|
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CM, Dittus
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KL, Sprague
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BL, Pollack
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LA, Hawkins
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NA
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et al. Barriers and facilitators to implementing cancer survivorship care plans. Oncology Nursing Forum. 2013; 40(6):575–80 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4501016/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4501016</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24161636" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24161636</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>215.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref215">Dumanovsky
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T, Rogers
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M, Spragens
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LH, Morrison
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RS, Meier
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DE. Impact of staffing on access to palliative care in U.S. hospitals. Journal of Palliative Medicine. 2015; 18(12):998–999 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4677507/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4677507</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26556657" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26556657</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>216.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref216">Dunn
|
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PM, Schmidt
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TA, Carley
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MM, Donius
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M, Weinstein
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MA, Dull
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VT. A method to communicate patient preferences about medically indicated life-sustaining treatment in the out-of-hospital setting. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 1996; 44(7):785–91 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8675925" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 8675925</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>217.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref217">Dyche
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L, Karasz
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A, Selwyn
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P. Physicians’ experiences of caring for late-stage HIV patients in the post-HAART era: Challenges and adaptations. Social Science and Medicine. 2003; 57(9):1609–1620 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12948570" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12948570</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>218.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref218">Early
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BP, Smith
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L, Beem
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T. The needs and supportive networks of the dying: an assessment instrument and mapping procedure for hospice patients. American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care. 2000; 17(2):87–96 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11406963" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11406963</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>219.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref219">Easterbrook
|
|
P, Harding
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R, Higginson
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IJ, Karus
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D, Marconi
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K, Raveis
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VH. Access and equity in HIV/AIDS palliative care: A review of the evidence and responses. Palliative Medicine. 2005; 19(3):251–258 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15920940" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15920940</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>220.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref220">Edwards
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SB, Olson
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K, Koop
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PM, Northcott
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HC. Patient and family caregiver decision making in the context of advanced cancer. Cancer Nursing. 2012; 35(3):178–86 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21897210" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21897210</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>221.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref221">Ehrlich
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C, Kendall
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E, Muenchberger
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H. Spanning boundaries and creating strong patient relationships to coordinate care are strategies used by experienced chronic condition care coordinators. Contemporary Nurse. 2012; 42(1):67–75 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23050573" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23050573</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>222.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref222">Ekberg
|
|
K, McDermott
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J, Moynihan
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C, Brindle
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L, Little
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P, Leydon
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GM. The role of helplines in cancer care: Intertwining emotional support with information or adviceseeking needs. Journal of Psychosocial Oncology. 2014; 32(3):359–81 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24611530" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24611530</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>223.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref223">El-Jawahri
|
|
A, Traeger
|
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L, Shin
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JA, Knight
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H, Mirabeau-Beale
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K, Fishbein
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H, White
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P, Addington-Hall
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J, Higgs
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R, Pettinari
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C. The last year of life of COPD: a qualitative study of symptoms and services. Respiratory Medicine. 2004; 98(5):439–45 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15139573" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15139573</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>225.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref225">Ellis
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|
J, Cobb
|
|
M, O’Connor
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|
T, Dunn
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L, Irving
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|
G, Lloyd-Williams
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EJ, Fairclough
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EJ, Fairclough
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DL, Slutsman
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R, Boyer
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S, Ailshire
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E, Shipman
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C, Harding
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R, Mason
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B, Murray
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AS, Shuk
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M, Marcus
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WG, Cutson
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KE, Tulsky
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C, Field
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P, Ure
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SJ, Egnew
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C, Rowe Haynes
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D, McAuliffe
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EA, Bilger
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J, O’Dwyer
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HL, Henderson
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D, Mullan
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JS, Conway
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F, Chivite
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ME, Bartels
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R, Gott
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R, Raphael
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LM, Allan
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DE, Stajduhar
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HL, Chiu
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KS, Bass
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DM, Snow
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AL, Wilson
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B, Lancsar
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S, Strachan
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PH, Brazil
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V, Joubert
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S, Posenelli
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PJ, Onwuteaka-Philipsen
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BD, Deeg
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DJ, Pasman
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MR, Yancura
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LA, Page
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V, Inouye
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D, Mitchell
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EM, Carey
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TS, Dev
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K, DeMarco
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RF, Stokes
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PC. Delivering palliative care to patients and caregivers in inner-city communities: Challenges and opportunities. Palliative and Supportive Care. 2014; 12(5):369–78 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24153017" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24153017</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>410.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref410">Ke
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LS, Huang
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LS, Huang
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O, McGee
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H, Hogan
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M, Kunin
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KA, Kirchhoff
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H, Maeda
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Y, Morita
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M, Shinjo
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M, Regehr
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C, Popova
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SR, Baker
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GM, Shergill
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HE, Rodriguez-Sanchez
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JA, McGinnes
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C, Cedraschi
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JI, Broom
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PA, Taylor
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CE, Haverhals
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SK, Khanra
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AC, Zhao
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SR, Mitchell
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B, Epiphaniou
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RK, Balliet
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C, Reid
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C, Reid
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BW, Sand
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RC, Nieveen
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EP, Burns
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SA, Jenn
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NC, Leng
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CCK, Hamzah
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JC, du Manoir
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KS, Rochon
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P, Holewa
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P, Patton
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MA, McGrath
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Z, Olgivie
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K, Rayner
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C, MacLeod
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N, Mirfin-Veitch
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MA, Callahan
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CM. Systematic review of non-pharmacologic interventions to delay functional decline in community-dwelling patients with dementia. Aging & Mental Health. 2013; 17(6):655–666 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3723698/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3723698</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23611141" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23611141</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>527.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref527">McLaughlin
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D, Barr
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S, McConkey
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D, Sullivan
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PA. Community specialist palliative care: Experiences of patients and carers. International Journal of Palliative Nursing. 2002; 8(7):344–53 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12165720" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12165720</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>530.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref530">McMahan
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TR, Sudore
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RL. Advance care planning beyond advance directives: Perspectives from patients and surrogates. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 2013; 46(3):355–365 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4111444/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4111444</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23200188" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23200188</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>531.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref531">McMillan
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D, Doyle
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R, Guirguis-Younger
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M, Dilley
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LB, Aubry
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TD, Turnbull
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CJ, Hadjistavropoulos
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R, MacConville
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S, Hodges
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LC, Marston
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IR, Bass
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CL, Burdock
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A, Cohen
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SR, Ezer
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AK, Wilks
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JA, Adams
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D, Davison
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S, Adile
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S, Valle
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A, Porzio
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G, Costanzo
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JR, Gramling
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M, Dubler
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N, O’Callaghan
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N, O’Callaghan
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C, Sayers
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A, Friedrichsen
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M, Jakobsson
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E-C, Niskala
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DK, Chibnall
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JT, Videen
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SD, Duckro
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SC, Prohaska
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TR, Furner
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SE, Freels
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JA, Levy
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H, Noble
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I, Nelson
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A. Defining the palliative care patient: its challenges and implications for service delivery. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care. 2015; 5(4):328–34 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26586678" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26586678</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>567.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref567">Miyashita
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M, Morita
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T, Ichikawa
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T, Sato
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K, Shima
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Y, Uchitomi
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Y. Quality indicators of end-of-life cancer care from the bereaved family members’ perspective in Japan. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 2009; 37(6):1019–26 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19321296" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 19321296</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>568.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref568">Miyashita
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M, Morita
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T, Sato
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K, Tsuneto
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S, Shima
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Y. A nationwide survey of quality of end-of-life cancer care in designated cancer centers, inpatient palliative care units, and home hospices in Japan: The J-hope study. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 2015; 50(1):38–47.e3 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25656327" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25656327</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>569.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref569">Moir
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C, Roberts
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M-L, Sandgren
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A, Swahnberg
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K, Benzein
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G, Collins
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A, Brand
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C, Gold
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M, Lethborg
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JR, Sullivan
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SM, Inoue
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M. Persistent problems in end-of-life planning among young- and middle-aged American couples. Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences. 2013; 68B(1):97–106 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3605943/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3605943</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23149430" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23149430</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>574.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref574">Morin
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T, Hirai
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K, Sakaguchi
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Y, Maeyama
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CA, Timm
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CA, Timm
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H, Lomborg
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K, Kirkevold
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P, Zahrt-Omar
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CA, Bussmann
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L, Butow
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PN, White
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MC, D’Abrew
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SA, Boyd
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D, Woolf
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I, Seymour
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M, Barnett
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A, Bourbonniere
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MB, Garfinkel
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D, Shachar
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M, Bell
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R, Chan
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S, Ng
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M, Chamber-Evans
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J, Joubert
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A, Drouin
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I, Ouellet
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I. Exploring the advance care planning needs of moderately to severely ill people with COPD. International Journal of Palliative Nursing. 2013; 19(8):389–95 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23970295" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23970295</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>594.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref594">Ngwenya
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N, Kenten
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C, Jones
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L, Gibson
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F, Pearce
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N, Kenten
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C, Jones
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L, Gibson
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F, Pearce
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H, Mizobuchi
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S, Suzuki
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E, Sato
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LS, Bass
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H, Kim
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J, Sims
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OT, Ji
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TA. Terminally ill African American elders’ access to and use of hospice care. American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Medicine. 2015; 32(3):286–97 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24413609" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24413609</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>602.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref602">Norinder
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I, Alvariza
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A. Patients’ experiences of care and support at home after a family member’s participation in an intervention during palliative care. Palliative & Supportive Care. 2017; 15(3):305–312 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27748224" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27748224</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>603.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref603">Norris
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K, Merriman
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MP, Curtis
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JR, Asp
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M, Jack
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SH, Pollock
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AM. Access to health care in nursing homes: a survey in one English Health Authority. Health & Social Care in the Community. 2000; 8(3):180–185 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11560687" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11560687</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>606.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref606">O’Hare
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AM, Szarka
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LV, Taylor
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JS, Sudore
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RL, Trivedi
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N, Tiernan
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EM, Higginson
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MPJ, Pruyn
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JFA, De Boer
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MF, Ledeboer
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QCP, Van Busschbach
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JJ, Baatenburg de Jong
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Y, Fukui
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S, Yoshiuchi
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K, Ishikawa
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T. Do symptoms among home palliative care patients with advanced cancer decide the place of death? Focusing on the presence or absence of symptoms during home care. Journal of Palliative Medicine. 2016; 19(5):488–495 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26849084" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26849084</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>611.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref611">Ólafsdóttir
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KL, Jónsdóttir
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H, Fridriksdóttir
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N, Sigurdardóttir
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V, Haraldsdóttir
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E. Integrating nurse-facilitated advance care planning for patients newly diagnosed with advanced lung cancer. International Journal of Palliative Nursing. 2018; 24(4):170–177 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29703115" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 29703115</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>612.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref612">Oliver
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DP, Porock
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D, Demiris
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G, Courtney
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K. Patient and family involvement in hospice interdisciplinary teams. Journal of Palliative Care. 2005; 21(4):270–276 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16483096" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16483096</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>613.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref613">Oliver
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DP, Washington
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KT, Wittenberg-Lyles
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E, Demiris
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G, Porock
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D. ‘They’re part of the team’: Participant evaluation of the ACTIVE intervention. Palliative Medicine. 2009; 23(6):549–555 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2721906/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2721906</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19443524" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 19443524</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>614.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref614">Oosterveld-Vlug
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MG, Francke
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AL, Pasman
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HRW, Onwuteaka-Philipsen
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BD. How should realism and hope be combined in physician-patient communication at the end of life? An online focus-group study among participants with and without a Muslim background. Palliative & Supportive Care. 2017; 15(3):359–368 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27819209" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27819209</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>615.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref615">Osse
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BHP, Vernooij-Dassen
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E, Grol
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RPTM. Problems experienced by the informal caregivers of cancer patients and their needs for support. Cancer Nursing. 2006; 29(5):378–388 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17006111" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17006111</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>616.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref616">Ostlund
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H, Johnston
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B. Dignity conserving care at end-of-life: A narrative review. European Journal of Oncology Nursing. 2012; 16(4):353–367 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21917517" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21917517</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>617.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref617">Paal
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S, Defendi
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S, Scirè
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C, Fiorini
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F, Fiorini
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K, Deschepper
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R, Vander Stichele
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R, Bernheim
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|
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K, Deschepper
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R, Vander Stichele
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R, Bernheim
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JL, Mortier
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F, Schallier
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SM, Kim
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JS, Lim
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CM. Home or hospital? Terminal care as seen by surviving spouses. Journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners. 1978; 28(186):19–30 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2158689/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2158689</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/553166" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 553166</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>623.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref623">Partridge
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MR, Khatri
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SH. Palliative care services for those with chronic lung disease. Chronic Respiratory Disease. 2009; 6(1):13–7 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19176708" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 19176708</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>624.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref624">Patrick
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H, Taylor
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S, Eastham
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S, Hawker
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S, Kerr
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C, Seamark
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S, Relf
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RA, Cain
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V, Valiani
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P, Castro-Martinez
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FJ, Arriba-Marcos
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V, Meador
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V, Paustian
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K, Saxena
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S, Jillapalli
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Z, Williams
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N, Dekkers
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A, Galesloot
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C, van Zuylen
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JP, McMurry
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PE. Caregiving at the end of life. Journal of Clinical Psychology. 2002; 58(11):1421–1431 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12412152" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12412152</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>673.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref673">Rainsford
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S, MacLeod
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RD, Glasgow
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NJ, Phillips
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KL, Washington
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NV, Leach
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M, Otis-Green
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DJ, Beckwith
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SK. Organizational barriers to cultural competence in hospice. American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Medicine. 2015; 32(7):685–94 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24622865" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24622865</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>681.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref681">Reinke
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LF, Slatore
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CG, Uman
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EM, Moss
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SH, Winder
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Iv, Boerner
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JAC, van der Heide
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A, Onwuteaka-Philipsen
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BD, van der Maas
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JS, Woodby
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LL, Burgio
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KL, Bailey
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GI, Ringdal
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K, Jordhøy
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MS, Kaasa
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CA, Bottorff
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LJ, Fyles
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G. Caring at home until death: enabled determination. Supportive Care in Cancer. 2017; 25(4):1229–1236 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27924357" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27924357</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>692.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref692">Robinson
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C. Patient and family experiences of palliative care in hospital: what do we know? An integrative review. Palliative Medicine. 2014; 28(1):18–33 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23670719" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23670719</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>696.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref696">Robinson
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L, Dickinson
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C, Bamford
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C, Clark
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J, Exley
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GM, Dodek
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RA, Brandes
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K, Fiscella
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K, Kravitz
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RL, Butow
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A, Preisler
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F, Smith
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K, Lynn
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A, Campbell
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A, Cairnduff
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V, Fitzpatrick
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D, Donnelly
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A. Bereavement outcomes: A quantitative survey identifying risk factors in informal carers bereaved through cancer. Palliative Medicine. 2017; 3(2):162–170 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27170617" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27170617</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>709.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref709">Royak-Schaler
|
|
R, Gadalla
|
|
S, Lemkau
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J, Ross
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D, Alexander
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C, Scott
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D. Family perspectives on communication with healthcare providers during end-of-life cancer care. Oncology Nursing Forum. 2006; 33(4):753–60 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16858457" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16858457</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>710.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref710">Running
|
|
A, Shumaker
|
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N, Clark
|
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J, Dunaway
|
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L, Tolle
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LW. Veteran preferences for end-of-life care. International Journal of Older People Nursing. 2009; 4(1):41–7 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20925800" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20925800</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>711.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref711">Ryan
|
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AA, McCann
|
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S, McKenna
|
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H. Impact of community care in enabling older people with complex needs to remain at home. International Journal of Older People Nursing. 2009; 4(1):22–32 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20925798" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20925798</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>712.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref712">Ryan
|
|
T, Amen
|
|
KM, McKeown
|
|
J. The advance care planning experiences of people with dementia, family caregivers and professionals: a synthesis of the qualitative literature. Annals of Palliative Medicine. 2017; 6(4):380–389 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28754049" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28754049</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>713.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref713">Ryan
|
|
T, Gardiner
|
|
C, Bellamy
|
|
G, Gott
|
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M, Ingleton
|
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C. Barriers and facilitators to the receipt of palliative care for people with dementia: The views of medical and nursing staff. Palliative Medicine. 2012; 26(7):879–886 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21969310" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21969310</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>714.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref714">Sahlberg-Blom
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E, Ternestedt
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BM, Johansson
|
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JE. Patient participation in decision making at the end of life as seen by a close relative. Nursing Ethics. 2000; 7(4):296–313 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11221407" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11221407</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>715.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref715">Sanchez-Garcia
|
|
MR, Moreno-Rodriguez
|
|
M, Hueso-Montoro
|
|
C, Campos-Calderon
|
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C, Varella-Safont
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A, Montoya-Juarez
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R. Facilitators and barriers regarding end of life care at nursing homes: A focus group study. Atencion Primaria. 2017; 49(5):278–285 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6875926/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC6875926</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27890302" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27890302</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>716.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref716">Sanchez-Tomero
|
|
JA, Rodriguez-Jornet
|
|
A, Balda
|
|
S, Cigarran
|
|
S, Herrero
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JC, Maduell
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F
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et al. Exploring the opinion of CKD patients on dialysis regarding end-of-life and Advance Care Planning. Nefrologia. 2011; 31(4):449–56 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21738248" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21738248</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>717.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref717">Sanders
|
|
C, Rogers
|
|
A, Gately
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C, Kennedy
|
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A. Planning for end of life care within lay-led chronic illness self-management training: the significance of ‘death awareness’ and biographical context in participant accounts. Social Science and Medicine. 2008; 66(4):982–93 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18158212" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 18158212</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>718.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref718">Sandsdalen
|
|
T, Grondahl
|
|
VA, Hov
|
|
R, Hoye
|
|
S, Rystedt
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I, Wilde-Larsson
|
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B. Patients’ perceptions of palliative care quality in hospice inpatient care, hospice day care, palliative units in nursing homes, and home care: a cross-sectional study. BMC Palliative Care. 2016; 15(1):79 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4995801/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4995801</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27553776" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27553776</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>719.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref719">Sandsdalen
|
|
T, Hov
|
|
R, Hoye
|
|
S, Rystedt
|
|
I, Wilde-Larsson
|
|
B. Patients’ preferences in palliative care: A systematic mixed studies review. Palliative Medicine. 2015; 29(5):399–419 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25680380" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25680380</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>720.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref720">Sarmento
|
|
VP, Gysels
|
|
M, Higginson
|
|
IJ, Gomes
|
|
B. Home palliative care works: but how? A meta-ethnography of the experiences of patients and family caregivers. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care. 2017; Epublication [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28232515" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28232515</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>721.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref721">Sato
|
|
K, Miyashita
|
|
M, Morita
|
|
T, Tsuneto
|
|
S, Shima
|
|
Y. Family member perspectives of deceased relatives’ end-of-life options on admission to a palliative care unit in Japan. Supportive Care in Cancer. 2012; 20(5):893–900 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22354623" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22354623</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>722.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref722">Sautter
|
|
JM, Tulsky
|
|
JA, Johnson
|
|
KS, Olsen
|
|
MK, Burton-Chase
|
|
AM, Hoff Lindquist
|
|
J
|
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et al. Caregiver experience during advanced chronic illness and last year of life. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2014; 62(6):1082–1090 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4070184/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4070184</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24803020" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24803020</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>723.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref723">Scheerens
|
|
C, Deliens
|
|
L, Van Belle
|
|
S, Joos
|
|
G, Pype
|
|
P, Chambaere
|
|
K. “A palliative end-stage COPD patient does not exist”: a qualitative study of barriers to and facilitators for early integration of palliative home care for end-stage COPD. NPJ Primary Care Respiratory Medicine. 2018; 28(1):23 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6010468/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC6010468</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29925846" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 29925846</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>724.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref724">Schenker
|
|
Y, Crowley-Matoka
|
|
M, Dohan
|
|
D, Rabow
|
|
MW, Smith
|
|
CB, White
|
|
DB
|
|
et al. Oncologist factors that influence referrals to subspecialty palliative care clinics. Journal of Oncology Practice. 2014; 10(2):e37–e44 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3948709/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3948709</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24301842" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24301842</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>725.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref725">Schofield
|
|
P, Carey
|
|
M, Love
|
|
A, Nehill
|
|
C, Wein
|
|
S. ‘Would you like to talk about your future treatment options’? Discussing the transition from curative cancer treatment to palliative care. Palliative Medicine. 2006; 20(4):397–406 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16875109" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16875109</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>726.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref726">Schoot
|
|
T, Pavlova
|
|
M, Atanasova
|
|
E, Groot
|
|
W. Preferences of Bulgarian consumers for quality, access and price attributes of healthcare services--result of a discrete choice experiment. The International Journal of Health Planning & Management. 2017; 32(1):e47–e71 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26580458" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26580458</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>727.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref727">Schreibeis-Baum
|
|
HC, Xenakis
|
|
LE, Chen
|
|
EK, Hanson
|
|
M, Ahluwalia
|
|
S, Ryan
|
|
G
|
|
et al. A qualitative inquiry on palliative and end-of-life care policy reform. Journal of Palliative Medicine. 2016; 19(4):400–7 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4827304/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4827304</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27035522" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27035522</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>728.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref728">Schwartz
|
|
CE, Merriman
|
|
MP, Reed
|
|
GW, Hammes
|
|
BJ. Measuring patient treatment preferences in end-of-life care research: Applications for advance care planning interventions and response shift research. Journal of Palliative Medicine. 2004; 7(2):233–45 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15130201" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15130201</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>729.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref729">Scott
|
|
IA, Rajakaruna
|
|
N, Shah
|
|
D, Miller
|
|
L, Reymond
|
|
E, Daly
|
|
M. Normalising advance care planning in a general medicine service of a tertiary hospital: an exploratory study. Australian Health Review. 2015; Epublication [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26536163" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26536163</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>730.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref730">Scott
|
|
IA, Rajakaruna
|
|
N, Shah
|
|
D, Miller
|
|
L, Reymond
|
|
E, Daly
|
|
M. Normalising advance care planning in a general medicine service of a tertiary hospital: an exploratory study. Australian Health Review. 2016; 40(4):391–398 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26536163" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26536163</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>731.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref731">Seamark
|
|
D, Blake
|
|
S, Brearley
|
|
S. Dying at home : a qualitative study of family carers’ views of support provided by GPs community staff. British Journal of General Practice. 2014; 64(629):633–634 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4240153/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4240153</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25452545" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25452545</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>732.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref732">Sekse
|
|
RJT, Hunskar
|
|
I, Ellingsen
|
|
S. The nurse’s role in palliative care: A qualitative meta-synthesis. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2017; Epublication [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28695651" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28695651</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>733.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref733">Sellars
|
|
M, Clayton
|
|
JM, Morton
|
|
RL, Luckett
|
|
T, Silvester
|
|
W, Spencer
|
|
L
|
|
et al. An Interview Study of Patient and Caregiver Perspectives on Advance Care Planning in ESRD. American Journal of Kidney Diseases. 2018; 71(2):216–224 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29132946" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 29132946</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>734.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref734">Sellars
|
|
M, Silvester
|
|
W, Masso
|
|
M, Johnson
|
|
CE. Advance care planning in palliative care: a national survey of health professionals and service managers. Australian Health Review. 2015; 39(2):146–53 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25607322" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25607322</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>735.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref735">Selman
|
|
L, Harding
|
|
R, Beynon
|
|
T, Hodson
|
|
F, Hazeldine
|
|
C, Coady
|
|
E
|
|
et al. Modelling services to meet the palliative care needs of chronic heart failure patients and their families: Current practice in the UK. Palliative Medicine. 2007; 21(5):385–390 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17901097" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17901097</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>736.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref736">Selman
|
|
LE, Daveson
|
|
BA, Smith
|
|
M, Johnston
|
|
B, Ryan
|
|
K, Morrison
|
|
RS
|
|
et al. How empowering is hospital care for older people with advanced disease? Barriers and facilitators from a cross-national ethnography in England, Ireland and the USA. Age and Ageing. 2017; 46(2):300–309 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5860377/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5860377</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27810850" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27810850</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>737.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref737">Seltzer
|
|
MM, Litchfield
|
|
LC, Kapust
|
|
LR, Mayer
|
|
JB. Professional and family collaboration in case management: A hospital-based replication of a community-based study. Social Work in Health Care. 1992; 17(1):1–22 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1440105" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 1440105</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>738.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref738">Sessanna
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|
L. End-of-life care needs and preferences among independent community-dwelling older adults 65 years or older: A secondary data analysis. Journal of Hospice and Palliative Nursing. 2010; 12(6):360–369</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>739.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref739">Seymour
|
|
J, Almack
|
|
K, Kennedy
|
|
S. Implementing advance care planning: A qualitative study of community nurses’ views and experiences. BMC Palliative Care. 2010; 9:4 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2854100/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2854100</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20377876" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20377876</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>740.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref740">Shahidi
|
|
J, Bernier
|
|
N, Cohen
|
|
SR. Quality of life in terminally ill cancer patients: Contributors and content validity of instruments. Journal of Palliative Care. 26(2):88–93 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20718393" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20718393</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>741.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref741">Shanley
|
|
C, Fetherstonhaugh
|
|
D, McAuliffe
|
|
L, Bauer
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|
M, Beattie
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|
E. Providing support to surrogate decision-makers for people living with dementia: Healthcare professional, organisational and community responsibilities. Health & Social Care in the Community. 2017; 25(5):1563–1570 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28569431" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28569431</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>742.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref742">Shanley
|
|
C, Whitmore
|
|
E, Conforti
|
|
D, Masso
|
|
J, Jayasinghe
|
|
S, Griffiths
|
|
R. Decisions about transferring nursing home residents to hospital: Highlighting the roles of advance care planning and support from local hospital and community health services. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2011; 20(19–20):2897–906 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21539626" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21539626</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>743.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref743">Shield
|
|
RR, Wetle
|
|
T, Teno
|
|
J, Miller
|
|
SC, Welch
|
|
L. Physicians “missing in action”: Family perspectives on physician and staffing problems in end-of-life care in the nursing home. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2005; 53(10):1651–1657 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16181162" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16181162</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>744.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref744">Shih
|
|
CY, Hu
|
|
WY, Cheng
|
|
SY, Yao
|
|
CA, Chen
|
|
CY, Lin
|
|
YC
|
|
et al. Patient preferences versus family physicians’ perceptions regarding the place of end-of-life care and death: A nationwide study in Taiwan. Journal of Palliative Medicine. 2015; 18(7):625–30 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4492773/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4492773</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25927818" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25927818</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>745.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref745">Shope
|
|
JT, Holmes
|
|
SB, Sharpe
|
|
PA, Goodman
|
|
C, Izenson
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et al. Development and validation of a questionnaire to detect behavior change in multiple advance care planning behaviors. PloS One. 2013; 8(9):e72465 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3764010/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3764010</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24039772" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24039772</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>786.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref786">Taggart
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L, Truesdale-Kennedy
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M, Ryan
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A, McConkey
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R. Examining the support needs of ageing family carers in developing future plans for a relative with an intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual Disabilities. 2012; 16(3):217–34 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22890999" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22890999</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>787.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref787">Takada
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J, Meguro
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K, Sato
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Y, Chiba
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Y, Kurihara Project m. Life concerns of elderly people living at home determined as by Community General Support Center staff: Implications for organizing a more effective integrated community care system. The Kurihara Project. Psychogeriatrics. 2014; 14(3):188–95 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25323960" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25323960</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>788.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref788">Tammelleo
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AD. Protecting patients’ end-of-life choices. RN. 2000; 63(8):75–7, 79 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10983181" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 10983181</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>789.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref789">Tang
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WR, Tang
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ST, Kao
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CY. Psychometric testing of the caregiver quality of life index-cancer on a Taiwanese family caregiver sample. Cancer Nursing. 2009; 32(3):220–9 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19295419" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 19295419</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>790.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref790">Taubert
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M, Nelson
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A. ‘Oh God, not a palliative’: Out-of-hours general practitioners within the domain of palliative care. Palliative Medicine. 2010; 24(5):501–9 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20501510" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20501510</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>791.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref791">Taylor
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K, Currow
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D. A prospective study of patient identified unmet activity of daily living needs among cancer patients at a comprehensive cancer care centre. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal. 2003; 50(2):79–85</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>792.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref792">Tedder
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T, Elliott
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L, Lewis
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K. Analysis of common barriers to rural patients utilizing hospice and palliative care services: An integrated literature review. Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners. 2017; 29(6):356–362 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28560759" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28560759</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>793.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref793">Temkin-Greener
|
|
H, Zheng
|
|
N, Norton
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SA, Quill
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T, Ladwig
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S, Veazie
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P. Measuring end-of-life care processes in nursing homes. Gerontologist. 2009; 49(6):803–815 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2775900/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2775900</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19574538" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 19574538</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>794.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref794">Teno
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JM. Family perspectives on end-of-life care at the last place of care. JAMA. 2004; 291(1):88–93 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14709580" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 14709580</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>795.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref795">Thomas
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K, Hudson
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P, Oldham
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L, Kelly
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B, Trauer
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T. Meeting the needs of family carers: An evaluation of three home-based palliative care services in Australia. Palliative Medicine. 2010; 24(2):183–191 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20085964" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20085964</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>796.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref796">Thomas
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K, Noble
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B. Improving the delivery of palliative care in general practice: an evaluation of the first phase of the Gold Standards Framework. Palliative Medicine. 2007; 21(1):49–53 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17169960" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17169960</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>797.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref797">Thomas
|
|
P, Chantoin-Merlet
|
|
S, Hazif-Thomas
|
|
C, Belmin
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J, Montagne
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B, Clement
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JP
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et al. Complaints of informal caregivers providing home care for dementia patients: The Pixel study. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 2002; 17(11):1034–47 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12404653" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12404653</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>798.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref798">Thomas
|
|
T, Kuhn
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I, Barclay
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S. Inpatient transfer to a care home for end-of-life care: What are the views and experiences of patients and their relatives? A systematic review and narrative synthesis of the UK literature. Palliative Medicine. 2017; 31(2):102–108 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27468912" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27468912</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>799.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref799">Thompson
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|
C, Spilsbury
|
|
K. WITHDRAWN: Support for carers of people with Alzheimer’s type dementia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
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1998, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD000454. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000454. [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17636637" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17636637</span></a>] [<a href="http://dx.crossref.org/10.1002/14651858.CD000454" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">CrossRef</a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>800.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref800">Thoonsen
|
|
B, Groot
|
|
M, Verhagen
|
|
S, van Weel
|
|
C, Vissers
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K, Engels
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Y. Timely identification of palliative patients and anticipatory care planning by GPs: Practical application of tools and a training programme. BMC Palliative Care. 2016; 15:39 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4820918/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4820918</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27044254" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27044254</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>801.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref801">Thoresen
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L, Lillemoen
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L. “I just think that we should be informed” a qualitative study of family involvement in advance care planning in nursing homes. BMC Medical Ethics. 2016; 17:72 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5103414/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5103414</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27829409" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27829409</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>802.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref802">Thorpe
|
|
JM, Kalinowski
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CT, Patterson
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ME, Sleath
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|
BL. Psychological distress as a barrier to preventive care in community-dwelling elderly in the United States. Medical Care. 2006; 44(2):187–191 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16434919" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16434919</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>803.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref803">Threapleton
|
|
DE, Chung
|
|
RY, Wong
|
|
SYS, Wong
|
|
ELY, Kiang
|
|
N, Chau
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PYK
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et al. Care Toward the End of Life in Older Populations and Its Implementation Facilitators and Barriers: A Scoping Review. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. 2017; 18(12):1000–1009.e4 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28623155" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28623155</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>804.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref804">Thurston
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J, Waterworth
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S. ‘Making sense’: Nurses’ experiences of changing practice in caring for dying patients in New Zealand. International Journal of Palliative Nursing. 2012; 18(10):500–7 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23123953" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23123953</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>805.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref805">Tiernan
|
|
E, O’Connor
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M, O’Siorain
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L, Kearney
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M. A prospective study of preferred versus actual place of death among patients referred to a palliative care home-care service. Irish Medical Journal. 2002; 95(8):232–5 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12405498" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12405498</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>806.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref806">Tilden
|
|
VP, Tolle
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SW, Drach
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LL, Perrin
|
|
NA. Out-of-hospital death: Advance care planning, decedent symptoms, and caregiver burden. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society. 2004; 52(4):532–539 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15066067" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15066067</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>807.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref807">Torres-Vigil
|
|
I, Mendoza
|
|
TR, Alonso-Babarro
|
|
A, De Lima
|
|
L, Cardenas-Turanzas
|
|
M, Hernandez
|
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M
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et al. Practice patterns and perceptions about parenteral hydration in the last weeks of life: A survey of palliative care physicians in Latin America. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 2012; 43(1):47–58 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3217122/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3217122</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21835577" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21835577</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>808.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref808">Toye
|
|
C, Robinson
|
|
AL, Jiwa
|
|
M, Andrews
|
|
S, McInerney
|
|
F, Horner
|
|
B
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|
et al. Developing and testing a strategy to enhance a palliative approach and care continuity for people who have dementia: Study overview and protocol. BMC Palliative Care. 2012; 11:4 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3394215/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3394215</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22471327" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22471327</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>809.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref809">Train
|
|
GH, Nurock
|
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SA, Manela
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M, Kitchen
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G, Livingston
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GA. A qualitative study of the experiences of long-term care for residents with dementia, their relatives and staff. Aging & Mental Health. 2005; 9(2):119–28 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15804628" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15804628</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>810.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref810">Travers
|
|
A, Taylor
|
|
V. What are the barriers to initiating end-of-life conversations with patients in the last year of life?
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International Journal of Palliative Nursing. 2016; 22(9):454–462 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27666307" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27666307</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>811.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref811">Travis
|
|
SS, Bernard
|
|
M, Dixon
|
|
S, McAuley
|
|
WJ, Loving
|
|
G, McClanahan
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|
L. Obstacles to palliation and end-of-life care in a long-term care facility. Gerontologist. 2002; 42(3):342–9 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12040136" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 12040136</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>812.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref812">Trees
|
|
AR, Ohs
|
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JE, Murray
|
|
MC. Family communication about end-of-life decisions and the enactment of the decision-maker role. Behavioral Sciences. 2017; 7(2):36 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5485466/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5485466</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28590407" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28590407</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>813.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref813">Treloar
|
|
A, Crugel
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|
M, Adamis
|
|
D. Palliative and end of life care of dementia at home is feasible and rewarding: results from the ‘Hope for Home’ study. Dementia. 2009; 8(3):335–347</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>814.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref814">Turner
|
|
M, King
|
|
C, Milligan
|
|
C, Thomas
|
|
C, Brearley
|
|
SG, Seamark
|
|
D
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|
et al. Caring for a dying spouse at the end of life: ‘It’s one of the things you volunteer for when you get married’: A qualitative study of the oldest carers’ experiences. Age and Ageing. 2016; 45(3):421–426 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27055880" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27055880</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>815.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref815">van der Steen
|
|
JT, Lemos Dekker
|
|
N, Gijsberts
|
|
MHE, Vermeulen
|
|
LH, Mahler
|
|
MM, The
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|
BA. Palliative care for people with dementia in the terminal phase: a mixed-methods qualitative study to inform service development. BMC Palliative Care. 2017; 16(1):28 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5410050/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5410050</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28454534" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28454534</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>816.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref816">van Eechoud
|
|
IJ, Piers
|
|
RD, Van Camp
|
|
S, Grypdonck
|
|
M, Van Den Noortgate
|
|
NJ, Deveugele
|
|
M
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et al. Perspectives of family members on planning end-of-life care for terminally ill and frail older people. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 2014; 47(5):876–86 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24035067" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24035067</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>817.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref817">Van Meter
|
|
MJ, Johnson
|
|
PT. Family decision making and long-term care for the elderly: II. A review. Journal of Religion & Aging. 1985; 1(4):59–72</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>818.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref818">van Riet Paap
|
|
J, Vernooij-Dassen
|
|
M, Brouwer
|
|
F, Meiland
|
|
F, Iliffe
|
|
S, Davies
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|
N
|
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et al. Improving the organization of palliative care: Identification of barriers and facilitators in five European countries. Implementation Science. 2014; 9:130 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4203898/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4203898</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25686479" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25686479</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>819.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref819">van Wijmen
|
|
MPS, Pasman
|
|
HRW, Widdershoven
|
|
GAM, Onwuteaka-Philipsen
|
|
BD. Motivations, aims and communication around advance directives: A mixed-methods study into the perspective of their owners and the influence of a current illness. Patient Education and Counseling. 2014; 95(3):393–399 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24726784" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24726784</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>820.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref820">Vander Laan
|
|
KJ. Deciding to engage in advance care planning: a comparison of participants’ experiences. Michigan State University. 2007. Ph.D.</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>821.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref821">Vandervoort
|
|
A, Houttekier
|
|
D, Van den Block
|
|
L, van der Steen
|
|
JT, Vander Stichele
|
|
R, Deliens
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|
L. Advance care planning and physician orders in nursing home residents with dementia: A nationwide retrospective study among professional caregivers and relatives. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 2014; 47(2):245–56 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23796587" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23796587</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>822.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref822">Vandervoort
|
|
A, Houttekier
|
|
D, Vander Stichele
|
|
R, van der Steen
|
|
JT, Van den Block
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|
L. Quality of dying in nursing home residents dying with dementia: does advanced care planning matter? A nationwide postmortem study. PloS One. 2014; 9(3):e91130 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3948949/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3948949</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24614884" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24614884</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>823.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref823">Vassal
|
|
P, Le Coz
|
|
P, Herve
|
|
C, Matillon
|
|
Y, Chapuis
|
|
F. Return home at the end of life: Patients’ vulnerability and risk factors. Palliative Medicine. 2011; 25(2):139–147 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21248182" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21248182</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>824.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref824">Vedel
|
|
I, Ghadi
|
|
V, Lapointe
|
|
L, Routelous
|
|
C, Aegerter
|
|
P, Guirimand
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F. Patients’, family caregivers’, and professionals’ perspectives on quality of palliative care: A qualitative study. Palliative Medicine. 2014; 28(9):1128–38 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24821709" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24821709</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>825.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref825">Veigh
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CM, Reid
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J, Larkin
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P, Porter
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S, Hudson
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P. The provision of generalist and specialist palliative care for patients with non-malignant respiratory disease in the North and Republic of Ireland: a qualitative study. BMC Palliative Care. 2017; 17(1):6 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5504568/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5504568</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28693466" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28693466</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>826.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref826">Veloso
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VI, Tripodoro
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VA. Caregivers burden in palliative care patients: A problem to tackle. Current Opinion in Supportive & Palliative Care. 2016; 10(4):330–335 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27635764" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27635764</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>827.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref827">Venkatasalu
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MR, Clarke
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A, Atkinson
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J. ‘Being a conduit’ between hospital and home: stakeholders’ views and perceptions of a nurse-led Palliative Care Discharge Facilitator Service in an acute hospital setting. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2015; 24(11–12):1676–85 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25736984" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25736984</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>828.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref828">Ventura
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AD, Burney
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S, Brooker
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J, Fletcher
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J, Ricciardelli
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BA, Ma
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H, Hartman
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LK, Moscovice
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I, Carlin
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B. Access to home-based hospice care for rural populations: Identification of areas lacking service. Journal of Palliative Medicine. 2006; 9(6):1292–1299 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17187537" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17187537</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>830.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref830">Wahid
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AS, Sayma
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M, Jamshaid
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S, Kerwat
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A, Butow
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PN, Davidson
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PM, Bellemore
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FA, Tattersall
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A, Henselmans
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I, Tattersall
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MH, Clayton
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JM, Davidson
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A, Mazer
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B, Butow
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PN, Tattersall
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MH, Clayton
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JM, Davidson
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PM
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et al. A question prompt list for patients with advanced cancer in the final year of life: Development and cross-cultural evaluation. Palliative Medicine. 2013; 27(8):779–88 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23630055" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23630055</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>834.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref834">Waldrop
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DP, Kusmaul
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DP, Meeker
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MA. Communication and advanced care planning in palliative and end-of-life care. Nursing Outlook. 2012; 60(6):365–369 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23141195" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23141195</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>836.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref836">Wallace
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CL. Family communication and decision making at the end of life: a literature review. Palliative & Supportive Care. 2015; 13(3):815–825 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24774221" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24774221</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>837.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref837">Wallace
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CL. Overcoming barriers in care for the dying: Theoretical analysis of an innovative program model. Social Work in Health Care. 2016; 55(7):503–17 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27332743" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27332743</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>838.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref838">Wallerstedt
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B, Andershed
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B, Benzein
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E. Family members’ caregiving situations in palliative home care when sitting service is received: The understanding of multiple realities. Palliative and Supportive Care. 2014; 12(6):425–37 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23782917" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23782917</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>839.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref839">Walsh
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J, Harrison
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JD, Young
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JM, Butow
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PN, Solomon
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MJ, Masya
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J, Young
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JM, Harrison
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JD, Butow
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PN, Solomon
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MJ, Masya
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C, Chew-Graham
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C, Todd
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C, Caress
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A. What influences referrals within community palliative care services? A qualitative case study. Social Science and Medicine. 2008; 67(1):137–146 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18433963" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 18433963</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>842.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref842">Wanicha
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A, Brindle
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LA. Experiences and needs of older people with end stage renal disease: bereaved carers perspective. International Journal of Palliative Nursing. 2016; 22(10):490–499 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27802084" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27802084</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>843.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref843">Ward
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AM, Agar
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B. Collaborating or co-existing: A survey of attitudes of medical oncologists toward specialist palliative care. Palliative Medicine. 2009; 23(8):698–707 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19825895" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 19825895</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>844.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref844">Waters
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CM. Understanding and supporting African Americans’ perspectives of end-of-life care planning and decision making. Qualitative Health Research. 2001; 11(3):385–398 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11339081" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11339081</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>845.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref845">Weibull
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MA. Caregivers’ active role in palliative home care - to encourage or to dissuade? A qualitative descriptive study. BMC Palliative Care. 2008; 7:15 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2553051/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2553051</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18796132" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 18796132</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>846.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref846">Wentlandt
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K, Burman
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D, Swami
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N, Hales
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K, Seccareccia
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D, Kevork
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N, Workentin
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K, Blacker
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B, O’Brien
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MR, Jack
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BA, Mitchell
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D. Experiences of dying, death and bereavement in motor neurone disease: A qualitative study. Palliative Medicine. 2012; 26(4):368–78 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21712334" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21712334</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>849.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref849">Wiegand
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DL. Families and withdrawal of life-sustaining therapy: State of the science. Journal of Family Nursing. 2006; 12(2):165–184 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16621784" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16621784</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>850.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref850">Wiese
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CHR, Bartels
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UE, Ruppert
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D, Marung
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M, Stancliffe
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RJ, Balandin
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E, Randhawa
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G, Brown
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E, Da Silva Gane
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M, Stoves
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EK, Salisbury
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C, Bosanquet
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N, Franks
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AM, Donovan
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R, Stajduhar
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K, Spitzer
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D. Cultural influences on palliative family caregiving: service recommendations specific to the Vietnamese in Canada. BMC Research Notes. 2015; 8:280 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4484704/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4484704</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26122085" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26122085</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>857.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref857">Williams
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SW, Zimmerman
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S, Williams
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CS. Family caregiver involvement for long-term care residents at the end of life. Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences. 2012; 67(5):595–604 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3536551/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3536551</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22929400" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22929400</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>858.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref858">Wilson
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D. Quality care at the end of life: the lived experience of surrogate decision makers. Journal of Hospice and Palliative Nursing. 2011; 13(4):249–256</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>859.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref859">Wilson
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DM, Thomas
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R, Kovacs Burns
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KK, Hewitt
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JA, Osei-Waree
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S. Canadian rural-urban differences in end-of-life care setting transitions. Global Journal of Health Science. 2012; 4(5):1–13 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4776943/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4776943</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22980372" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22980372</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>860.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref860">Wilson
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F, Gott
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C. Perceived risks around choice and decision making at end-of-life: A literature review. Palliative Medicine. 2013; 27(1):38–53 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21993804" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 21993804</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>861.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref861">Winter
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E, Oliver
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DP, Demiris
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G, Burt
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K. Inviting the absent members: Examining how caregivers’ participation affects hospice team communication. Palliative Medicine. 2010; 24(2):192–5 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9753374/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC9753374</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20007820" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20007820</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>864.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref864">Wittenberg-Lyles
|
|
E, Oliver
|
|
DP, Demiris
|
|
G, Washington
|
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KT, Regehr
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K, Wilder
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HM. Question asking by family caregivers in hospice interdisciplinary team meetings. Research in Gerontological Nursing. 2010; 3(2):82–88 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2860630/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2860630</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20415357" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20415357</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>865.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref865">Wittenberg-Lyles
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E, Oliver
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DP, Kruse
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RL, Demiris
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G, Gage
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LA, Wagner
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K. Family caregiver participation in hospice interdisciplinary team meetings: How does it affect the nature and content of communication?
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Health Communication. 2013; 28(2):110–8 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3382048/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3382048</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22435889" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22435889</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>866.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref866">Wittich
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AR, Williams
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BR, Bailey
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FA, Woodby
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LL, Burgio
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KL. “He got his last wishes”: Ways of knowing a loved one’s end-of-life preferences and whether those preferences were honored. Journal of Clinical Ethics. 2013; 24(2):113–24 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23923810" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23923810</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>867.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref867">Wladkowski
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SP. Live discharge from hospice and the grief experience of dementia caregivers. Journal Of Social Work In End-Of-Life & Palliative Care. 2016; 12(1–2):47–62 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27143573" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27143573</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>868.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref868">Wodehouse
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G, McGill
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P. Support for family carers of children and young people with developmental disabilities and challenging behaviour: What stops it being helpful?
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A, Carr
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SM. Does respite care address the needs of palliative care service users and carers? Their perspectives and experiences. International Journal of Palliative Nursing. 2017; 23(4):174–185 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28486069" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28486069</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>870.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref870">Woodman
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C, Baillie
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S. The preferences and perspectives of family caregivers towards place of care for their relatives at the end-of-life. A systematic review and thematic synthesis of the qualitative evidence. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care. 2016; 6(4):418–429 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5256384/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5256384</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25991565" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25991565</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>871.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref871">Woodward
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B. What is important to continuity in home care? Perspectives of key stakeholders. Social Science and Medicine. 2004; 58(1):177–92 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14572930" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 14572930</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>872.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref872">Worth
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A, Boyd
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K, Kendall
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M, Heaney
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D, Macleod
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JS, Kerba
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M, Wong
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RK, McKimmon
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V, Gillam
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L, Hynson
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J, Sullivan
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D. Caring Decisions: The development of a written resource for parents facing end-of-life decisions. Journal of Palliative Medicine. 2015; 18(11):945–955 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4638203/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4638203</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26418215" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26418215</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>877.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref877">Yabroff
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A, Morita
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T, Miyashita
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M, Ichikawa
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T, Akizuki
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N, Shirahige
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Y
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GM, Ewing
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G, Booth
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S. What is the role of specialist palliative care in an acute hospital setting? A qualitative study exploring views of patients and carers. Palliative Medicine. 2012; 26(8):1011–7 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22005106" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22005106</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>880.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref880">Yang
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GM, Kwee
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AK, Krishna
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L. Should patients and family be involved in “do not resuscitate” decisions? Views of oncology and palliative care doctors and nurses. Indian Journal of Palliative Care. 2012; 18(1):52–8 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3401735/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3401735</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22837612" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22837612</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>881.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref881">Yap
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SS, Chen
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K, Detering
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KM, Fraser
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SA. Exploring the knowledge, attitudes and needs of advance care planning in older Chinese Australians. Journal of Clinical Nursing. 2017; Epublication [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28544056" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28544056</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>882.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref882">Young
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AJ, Rodriguez
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KL. The role of narrative in discussing end-of-life care: Eliciting values and goals from text, context, and subtext. Health Communication. 2006; 19(1):49–59 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16519592" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 16519592</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>883.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref883">Young
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AJ, Rogers
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A, Addington-Hall
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JM. The quality and adequacy of care received at home in the last 3 months of life by people who died following a stroke: A retrospective survey of surviving family and friends using the Views of Informal Carers Evaluation of Services questionnaire. Health & Social Care in the Community. 2008; 16(4):419–428 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18221486" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 18221486</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>884.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref884">Yung
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VY, Walling
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AM, Min
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L, Wenger
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NS, Ganz
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DA. Documentation of advance care planning for community-dwelling elders. Journal of Palliative Medicine. 2010; 13(7):861–7 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2939845/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2939845</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20618087" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 20618087</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>885.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref885">Zaider
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T, Kissane
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D. The assessment and management of family distress during palliative care. Current Opinion in Supportive & Palliative Care. 2009; 3(1):67–71 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5557503/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5557503</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19365164" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 19365164</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>886.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref886">Zallman
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L, Sanchez
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H, Selwyn
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P. Unmet need for chronic disease and end-of-life care at urban family health centers in the Bronx, NY. Family Medicine. 2003; 35(9):637–42 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14523661" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 14523661</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>887.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref887">Zapart
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S, Kenny
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P, Hall
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J, Servis
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B, Wiley
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S. Home-based palliative care in Sydney, Australia: The carer’s perspective on the provision of informal care. Health & Social Care in the Community. 2007; 15(2):97–107 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17286671" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17286671</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>888.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref888">Zhang
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B, Nilsson
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ME, Prigerson
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HG. Factors important to patients’ quality of life at the end of life. Archives of Internal Medicine. 2012; 172(15):1133–42 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3806298/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3806298</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22777380" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 22777380</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>889.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref889">Zimmerman
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S, Cohen
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L, Steen
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JTvd, Reed
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D, Soest-Poortvliet
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MCv, Hanson
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LC
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et al. Measuring end-of-life care and outcomes in residential care/assisted living and nursing homes. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management. 2015; 49(4):666–679 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25205231" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25205231</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>890.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="ch3.ref890">Zimmermann
|
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C, Swami
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N, Krzyzanowska
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M, Leighl
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N, Rydall
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A, Rodin
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G
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et al. Perceptions of palliative care among patients with advanced cancer and their caregivers. CMAJ Canadian Medical Association Journal. 2016; 188(10):E217–27 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4938707/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4938707</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27091801" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27091801</span></a>]</div></dd></dl></dl></div><div id="appendixesappgroup3"><h2 id="_appendixesappgroup3_">Appendices</h2><div id="ch3.appa"><h3>Appendix A. Review protocols</h3><p id="ch3.appa.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appa.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3appatab1" class="figpopup">Table 18. Review protocol for what are the barriers and facilitators for the initial access to and planning of end of life care services?</a></p><p id="ch3.appa.tab2"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appa.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3appatab2" class="figpopup">Table 19. Health economic review protocol</a></p></div><div id="ch3.appb"><h3>Appendix B. Literature search strategies</h3><p>The literature searches for this review are detailed below and complied with the methodology outlined in Developing NICE guidelines: the manual 2014, updated 2017 <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/pmg20/resources/developing-nice-guidelines-the-manual-pdf-72286708700869" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/pmg20/resources/developing-nice-guidelines-the-manual-pdf-72286708700869</a></p><p><i>For more detailed information, please see the</i>
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<a href="/books/NBK558767/bin/bm1.pdf">Methodology</a>
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<i>Review</i>.</p><div id="ch3.appb.s1"><h4>B.1. Clinical search literature search strategy</h4><p>Searches for patient views were run in Medline (OVID), Embase (OVID), CINAHL, Current Nursing and Allied Health Literature (EBSCO) and PsycINFO (ProQuest). Search filters were applied to the search where appropriate.</p><p id="ch3.appb.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3appbtab1" class="figpopup">Table 20. Database date parameters and filters used</a></p><p id="ch3.appb.tab2"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3appbtab2" class="figpopup">Medline (Ovid) search terms</a></p><p id="ch3.appb.tab3"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3appbtab3" class="figpopup">Embase (Ovid) search terms</a></p><p id="ch3.appb.tab4"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3appbtab4" class="figpopup">Cochrane Library (Wiley) search terms</a></p><p id="ch3.appb.tab5"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab5/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3appbtab5" class="figpopup">CINAHL (EBSCO) search terms</a></p><p id="ch3.appb.tab6"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab6/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3appbtab6" class="figpopup">PsycINFO (ProQuest) search terms</a></p><p id="ch3.appb.tab7"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab7/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3appbtab7" class="figpopup">HMIC (Ovid) search terms</a></p><p id="ch3.appb.tab8"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab8/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3appbtab8" class="figpopup">SPP (Ovid) search terms</a></p><p id="ch3.appb.tab9"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab9/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3appbtab9" class="figpopup">ASSIA (ProQuest) search terms</a></p></div><div id="ch3.appb.s2"><h4>B.2. Health Economics literature search strategy</h4><p>Health economic evidence was identified by conducting a broad search relating to end of life care in NHS Economic Evaluation Database (NHS EED – this ceased to be updated after March 2015) and the Health Technology Assessment database (HTA) with no date restrictions. NHS EED and HTA databases are hosted by the Centre for Research and Dissemination (CRD). Additional searches were run on Medline and Embase for health economics, economic modelling and quality of life studies.</p><p id="ch3.appb.tab10"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab10/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3appbtab10" class="figpopup">Table 21. Database date parameters and filters used</a></p><p id="ch3.appb.tab11"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab11/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3appbtab11" class="figpopup">Medline (Ovid) search terms</a></p><p id="ch3.appb.tab12"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab12/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3appbtab12" class="figpopup">Embase (Ovid) search terms</a></p><p id="ch3.appb.tab13"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab13/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3appbtab13" class="figpopup">NHS EED and HTA (CRD) search terms</a></p></div></div><div id="ch3.appc"><h3>Appendix C. Clinical evidence selection</h3><p id="ch3.appc.fig1"><a href="/books/NBK558767/figure/ch3.appc.fig1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3appcfig1" class="figpopup">Figure 1. Flow chart of qualitative study selection for the review of what are the barriers and facilitators the initial access to, and planning of end of life care services?</a></p><p id="ch3.appc.fig2"><a href="/books/NBK558767/figure/ch3.appc.fig2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3appcfig2" class="figpopup">Figure 2. Flow chart of health economic study selection for the guideline</a></p></div><div id="ch3.appd"><h3>Appendix D. Qualitative evidence tables</h3><p id="ch3.appd.et1"><a href="/books/NBK558767/bin/ch3-appd-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Download PDF</a><span class="small"> (630K)</span></p></div><div id="ch3.appe"><h3>Appendix E. Health economic evidence selection</h3><p>None.</p></div><div id="ch3.appf"><h3>Appendix F. Excluded studies</h3><div id="ch3.appf.s1"><h4>F.1. Excluded clinical studies</h4><p id="ch3.appf.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appf.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobch3appftab1" class="figpopup">Table 22. Studies excluded from the qualitative review</a></p></div><div id="ch3.appf.s2"><h4>F.2. Excluded economic studies</h4><p>There were no excluded economic studies for this review.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="fm-sec"><div><p>Final</p></div><div><p>Evidence review</p><p>Developed by the National Guideline Centre, hosted by the Royal College of Physicians</p></div><div><p><b>Disclaimer</b>: The recommendations in this guideline represent the view of NICE, arrived at after careful consideration of the evidence available. When exercising their judgement, professionals are expected to take this guideline fully into account, alongside the individual needs, preferences and values of their patients or service users. The recommendations in this guideline are not mandatory and the guideline does not override the responsibility of healthcare professionals to make decisions appropriate to the circumstances of the individual patient, in consultation with the patient and/or their carer or guardian.</p><p>Local commissioners and/or providers have a responsibility to enable the guideline to be applied when individual health professionals and their patients or service users wish to use it. They should do so in the context of local and national priorities for funding and developing services, and in light of their duties to have due regard to the need to eliminate unlawful discrimination, to advance equality of opportunity and to reduce health inequalities. Nothing in this guideline should be interpreted in a way that would be inconsistent with compliance with those duties.</p><p>NICE guidelines cover health and care in England. Decisions on how they apply in other UK countries are made by ministers in the <a href="http://wales.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Welsh Government</a>, <a href="http://www.scotland.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Scottish Government</a>, and <a href="http://www.northernireland.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Northern Ireland Executive</a>. All NICE guidance is subject to regular review and may be updated or withdrawn.</p></div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright</a> © NICE 2019.</div><div class="small"><span class="label">Bookshelf ID: NBK558767</span><span class="label">PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32614551" title="PubMed record of this title" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">32614551</a></span></div></div><div class="small-screen-prev"></div><div class="small-screen-next"></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3tab1"><div id="ch3.tab1" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 1</span><span class="title">PICO characteristics of review question</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><th id="hd_b_ch3.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Objective</th><td headers="hd_b_ch3.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><p>To determine how services can be improved and what works well to support:
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<ul id="ch3.l1"><li id="ch3.lt1" class="half_rhythm"><div>the initial access to end of life care services for people in their last year of life</div></li><li id="ch3.lt2" class="half_rhythm"><div>carers/patient’s involvement in planning their last year of life services</div></li></ul></p>
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</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_ch3.tab1_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Population and setting</th><td headers="hd_b_ch3.tab1_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Adults (aged over 18 or over) with progressive life-limiting conditions thought to be entering the last year of life.</p>
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<p>Carers of (or those important to) adults (aged over 18 or over) with progressive life-limiting conditions thought to be entering the last year of life.</p>
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<p>Includes young carers (<18 years)</p>
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</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_ch3.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Context</th><td headers="hd_b_ch3.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><p><u>Initial access</u></p><p>Any type of barriers and facilitators to the initial access of people in their last year of life to end of life care services. For example:
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<ul id="ch3.l2"><li id="ch3.lt3" class="half_rhythm"><div>Communication around end of life issues such as for example, awareness of availability of end of life care services</div></li><li id="ch3.lt4" class="half_rhythm"><div>Timing or setting of involvement in initial planning decision making (for example, ACP)</div></li><li id="ch3.lt5" class="half_rhythm"><div>Facilitators (for example: coordinators, leaflets and information)</div></li></ul>
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<u>Planning, choices, discharge</u></p><p>What works well ( and what doesn’t ) when facilitating discharge
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<ul id="ch3.l3"><li id="ch3.lt6" class="half_rhythm"><div>Service features/elements that patients/carers considered as important for effective discharge process.</div></li></ul>
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How and when to best incorporate patient’s choice in the last year of life care pathway
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<ul id="ch3.l4"><li id="ch3.lt7" class="half_rhythm"><div>Process for effective advance care planning</div></li><li id="ch3.lt8" class="half_rhythm"><div>What process should be in place for allowing patients to change their minds/choices throughout their last year of life (after the initial advance care planning).</div></li></ul></p>
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</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_ch3.tab1_1_1_4_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Review strategy</th><td headers="hd_b_ch3.tab1_1_1_4_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Synthesis of qualitative research. Results presented in table format. Quality of the evidence will be assessed by a GRADE CerQual approach for each review finding.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3tab2"><div id="ch3.tab2" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 2</span><span class="title">Summary of studies included in the review</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.tab2_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Design</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Population</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Research aim</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comments</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Bajwah 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref48" rid="ch3.ref48"><sup>48</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured face-to-face interview with thematic qualitative analysis.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Patients with a diagnosis of end-stage non-specific interstitial pneumonia, IPF and idiopathic interstitial pneumonia and their carers.</p>
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<p>N=12</p>
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<p>UK</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To explore understanding of the disease, preferences regarding end-of-life planning, and views on communication and coordination of care in patients with Progressive Idiopathic Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease (PIF-ILD).</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Bamford</p>
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<p>2018 <a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref51" rid="ch3.ref51"><sup>51</sup></a></p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi structured face to face and one focus group interviews with thematic qualitative analysis.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>People with dementia. N=11</p>
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<p>Bereaved and current carers</p>
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<p>N=18</p>
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<p>UK</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To explore the factors that facilitate good End of Life Care for people with advanced dementia from the perspective of stakeholders including family carers and people with dementia.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Benzar 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref67" rid="ch3.ref67"><sup>67</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured face-to-face or telephone interviews with thematic qualitative analysis</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Patients (and their carers) who received palliative care consultations at Oregon Health and Science University.</p>
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<p>N=19</p>
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<p>USA.</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To identify the range of health care experiences of family caregivers and patients who received palliative care consultations after they left hospital, and to understand how palliative care teams might best prepare patients and caregivers for the post-hospital experience</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Briggs 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref92" rid="ch3.ref92"><sup>92</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured face-to-face interviews with thematic qualitative analysis</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Borough-registered patients (n=30) and carers (n=20) aged 16 year and over. Patients were being treated at various hospitals or hospices or were receiving treatment in their homes.</p>
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<p>N=50</p>
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<p>UK</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Originated from a consultation in Borough on understanding the experiences and expectations of patients diagnosed with life-limiting diseases during the last year of life.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coombs 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref157" rid="ch3.ref157"><sup>157</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Field observations and longitudinal semi-structured interviews with thematic qualitative analysis.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Patients with advanced and progressive illness, with high risk of dying in the next 12 months, and their Carers.</p>
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<p>N=40</p>
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<p>New Zealand</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To describe decision-making processes that influence transitions in care when approaching the end of life.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Patients were followed up at 3 to 4 months, when 11 patients were available.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Csikai 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref168" rid="ch3.ref168"><sup>168</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured face-to-face interviews with thematic qualitative analysis</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Bereaved hospice caregivers of patients over age 60, who had received home hospice service, who had died at home within 3–6 months of the survey being mailed out for the first phase of the study.</p>
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<p>N=10</p>
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<p>USA</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To explore, in-depth, bereaved hospice caregivers’ experiences regarding communication with various health care professionals about patients’ serious illness and end-of-life care options.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Second phase of a larger study of bereaved hospice caregivers’ perceptions of communication about end-of-life care and the transition to hospice care.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Davison 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref183" rid="ch3.ref183"><sup>183</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Structured focus group (nominal group technique); face-to-face in-depth interview with thematic qualitative analysis.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Patients with end-stage renal disease purposively selected on the basis of their willingness to discuss the issues.</p>
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<p>N=24</p>
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<p>Canada</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To determine the perspectives of patients with ESRD of the salient elements of ACP discussions.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">den Herder-van der Eerden 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref196" rid="ch3.ref196"><sup>196</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Longitudinal qualitative study design using interviews with a two-step qualitative content approach</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Patients with advanced disease (62% cancer, 24% COPD, 13% heart failure), whose doctors answered ‘No’ to the surprise question.</p>
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<p>N=152</p>
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<p>Belgium, Germany, Hungary, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To examine how relational, informational and management continuity of care are experienced by patients with advanced diseases and their family caregivers receiving care from several integrated palliative care initiatives in 5 European countries.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Patients were followed up at 3 months, 54% were available for follow-up.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">El-Jawahri 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref223" rid="ch3.ref223"><sup>223</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured interviews with the framework approach qualitative analysis.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Patients with metastatic cancer, with a prognosis under 12 months, and their caregivers.</p>
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<p>N=16 patients</p>
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<p>N=7 Caregivers</p>
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<p>USA</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To assess perceptions about hospice.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Epiphaniou 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref233" rid="ch3.ref233"><sup>233</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured face-to-face interviews with thematic qualitative analysis</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Patients with lung cancer or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), assumed to be in the last year of life, recruited from three hospital outpatient clinics situated in one hospital.</p>
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<p>N=18</p>
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<p>UK</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To explore patients’ experience of care coordination in order to inform current debates on how best to coordinate care and deliver services in end-of-life for patients with lung cancer and those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Serial interviews at 3 time points.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Epstein 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref234" rid="ch3.ref234"><sup>234</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Open-ended question asked in a face-to-face post-intervention interview with thematic qualitative analysis of the answers</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Patients with advanced liver, biliary or pancreas cancers and no prior advance directives at a Cancer Institute. The majority received chemotherapy and all were being followed at least monthly by their outpatient medical oncologist.</p>
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<p>N=54</p>
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<p>USA</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To aid in better understanding of, and provide potential solutions to, barriers to communication about end-of-life care</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Part of participants’ responses to an open-ended question in a randomised trial of an educational video or narrative about CPR</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Gerlich 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref273" rid="ch3.ref273"><sup>273</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured face-to-face interviews with thematic qualitative analysis</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Participants of age 70 and above and with heart failure in an advance stage, and if the physicians’ answer to the ‘surprise question’ was ‘No’.</p>
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<p>N=12</p>
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<p>Germany</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To explore the needs of older patients with advanced heart failure, and their experiences with health care delivery in Germany.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hanratty 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref306" rid="ch3.ref306"><sup>306</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured face-to-face interviews with thematic qualitative analysis</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>People older than 75 years who had moved between at least two care settings in the previous three months who were aware that they had been diagnosed with heart failure, lung cancer, or stroke and were thought to be in their last year of life.</p>
|
|
<p>N=30</p>
|
|
<p>UK</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To explore older adults’ experiences as they move between places of care at the end of life</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Part of a larger project on transitions in health care settings at the end of life for people with stroke, heart failure and lung cancer</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Horne 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref348" rid="ch3.ref348"><sup>348</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured face-to-face interviews with thematic qualitative analysis</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>People with advanced lung cancer and their family members who had completed ‘active’ treatment in one multi-cultural city and one post-industrial town in northern England.</p>
|
|
<p>N=25 patients; N=19 family members.</p>
|
|
<p>UK</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To explore the views and experiences of people affected by lung cancer about discussing preferences and wishes for end of life care and treatment</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Jack 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref371" rid="ch3.ref371"><sup>371</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured face-to-face interview with thematic qualitative analysis.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Participants in receipt of Hospice at Home service and deemed to have a life expectancy measured in weeks rather than days. Sixteen patients and 25 caregivers were interviewed.</p>
|
|
<p>N=41</p>
|
|
<p>UK</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To explore patients’ and family caregivers’ experiences and perceptions of Hospice at Home care.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Johnston 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref397" rid="ch3.ref397"><sup>397</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured face-to-face interview with thematic qualitative analysis.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Patient and family member/carer and key health professionals involved in their care included. Patients were: considered to be in the last year of their life due to chronic respiratory disease or heart failure.</p>
|
|
<p>N=6 (patients)</p>
|
|
<p>UK</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To explore patients, and their partners, views and experiences of the EOLC-LTC service.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Klindtworth 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref430" rid="ch3.ref430"><sup>430</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured face-to-face interview with thematic qualitative analysis.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Old and very old patients (70 years or over) with severe HF (NYHA III-IV).</p>
|
|
<p>N=36</p>
|
|
<p>Germany</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To understand how old and very old patients with advanced HF perceive their disease and to identify their medical, psychosocial and information needs, focusing on the last phase of life.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Low 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref475" rid="ch3.ref475"><sup>475</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Focus groups with thematic qualitative analysis</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Patients, informal carers and volunteers from four purposively selected palliative care day units.</p>
|
|
<p>N=18 patients; N=12 carers; N=22 day unit volunteers.</p>
|
|
<p>UK.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To explore the experiences of people involved in UK palliative care day services and identify the important outcomes of this service</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MacArtney 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref481" rid="ch3.ref481"><sup>481</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured face-to-face interview with thematic qualitative analysis</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Inpatients at a short stay inpatient specialist palliative care unit, part of a sub-acute care hospital with an attached specialist community palliative care service.</p>
|
|
<p>Inpatients were within the last few weeks (or in some cases months) of life.</p>
|
|
<p>N=44</p>
|
|
<p>Australia.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To explore experiences shaped by resilience and acceptance to show how they both facilitate as well as restrict possibilities for people at the end of life.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Macpherson 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref484" rid="ch3.ref484"><sup>484</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured interviews with thematic qualitative analysis</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Patients with severe COPD (as defined by the Gold Standards Framework).</p>
|
|
<p>N=10</p>
|
|
<p>UK</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To explore the views of people with COPD about advance care planning.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>McVeigh 2018,<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref511" rid="ch3.ref511"><sup>511</sup></a></p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured interviews ( face or face or telephone) with thematic qualitative analysis</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Bereaved carers</p>
|
|
<p>N=17</p>
|
|
<p>Northern Ireland and Republic of Ireland.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To explore the view of bereaved carers about specialist and generalist palliative care provision for people with non-malignant respiratory disease.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mason 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref502" rid="ch3.ref502"><sup>502</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured face-to-face interview with thematic qualitative analysis</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Patients and their carers using established UK clinical guidelines for the identification of people anticipated to be in their last year of life.</p>
|
|
<p>N=54</p>
|
|
<p>UK</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To report the experiences and perceptions of people with advanced multi-morbidity to inform improvements</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Metzger 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref554" rid="ch3.ref554"><sup>554</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured face-to-face interview with thematic qualitative analysis</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Participants with a primary diagnosis of HF, who were referred to the inpatient palliative care consultation service for goals of care discussions.</p>
|
|
<p>N=40</p>
|
|
<p>USA</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To describe patients with HF and their family members’ experiences with, and perceptions of, inpatient PC consultations.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Murray 2002<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref582" rid="ch3.ref582"><sup>582</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Face-to-face in-depth interview; structured focus group (nominal group technique); with thematic qualitative analysis.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Outpatients with newly diagnosed advanced inoperable lung cancer or with cardiac failure (New York Heart Association grade IV).</p>
|
|
<p>N=40</p>
|
|
<p>UK</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To compare the illness trajectories, needs, and service use of patients with cancer and those with advanced non-malignant disease.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Murray 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref580" rid="ch3.ref580"><sup>580</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured face-to-face interview with thematic qualitative analysis.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Former caregivers of deceased patients with motor neuron disease who had been referred to a multiprofessional MND service coordinated by a hospital specialising in palliative care and rehabilitation.</p>
|
|
<p>N=18</p>
|
|
<p>Australia</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To investigate caregiver perspectives on the acceptability and impact of advance care planning, documented in a letter format, for patients with motor neuron disease and their caregivers.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Phipps 2003<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref643" rid="ch3.ref643"><sup>643</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured interview with thematic qualitative analysis.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>African-American and white patients with stage III-B or IV colon cancer and their designated family caregivers.</p>
|
|
<p>N=68</p>
|
|
<p>USA.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To investigate differences in attitudes, preferences, and behaviours regarding end of life in terminally ill patients and their designated family caregivers.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Piamjariyakul 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref649" rid="ch3.ref649"><sup>649</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured face-to-face interview with thematic qualitative analysis.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Patients with severe chronic cardiovascular illness (i.e. three-vessel coronary artery disease, end stage HF, malignant hypertension, and repeated bouts of atrial fibrillation); many of who also had renal failure and diabetes mellitus.</p>
|
|
<p>N=30</p>
|
|
<p>USA</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To explore end-of-life preferences and determine the presence of signed end-of-life advanced directives.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Romo 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref701" rid="ch3.ref701"><sup>701</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured face-to-face interview with thematic qualitative analysis.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Community-dwelling adults aged 67 to 98 with a life expectancy of less than 1 year.</p>
|
|
<p>N=20</p>
|
|
<p>USA</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To explore how older adults in the community with a limited life expectancy make healthcare decisions and the processes used when they are not in an acute crisis.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Selman 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref736" rid="ch3.ref736"><sup>736</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured face-to-face interview with thematic qualitative analysis.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Older people with an advanced disease receiving specialist palliative care who had been hospitalised, and their Carers.</p>
|
|
<p>N=26UK/USA</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To explore challenges to and facilitators of empowerment among older people with advanced disease in hospital, and the impact of palliative care.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Simpson 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref752" rid="ch3.ref752"><sup>752</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured face-to-face interview with thematic qualitative analysis.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Eight families (eight patients with a primary diagnosis of COPD in an advanced stage and seven informal caregivers).</p>
|
|
<p>N=15</p>
|
|
<p>Canada</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To observe what is required for meaningful, acceptable ACP in the context of advance care planning.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Spruyt 1999<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref771" rid="ch3.ref771"><sup>771</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured face-to-face interviews with thematic qualitative analysis</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Bereaved family carers of patients referred to an east London community palliative care team.</p>
|
|
<p>N=18</p>
|
|
<p>UK</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To describe the palliative care experience of Bangladeshi patients and carers in the Tower Hamlets area in the east of London.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Walczak 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref831" rid="ch3.ref831"><sup>831</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured face-to-face interviews with thematic qualitative analysis</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>English-speaking adult patients with advanced, incurable cancer assessed by their oncologist as having life expectancy of less than 12 months.</p>
|
|
<p>N=34</p>
|
|
<p>USA/Australia</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To explore patients’ perspectives across two cultures (Australia and USA) regarding communication about prognosis and end-of-life care issues and to consider the ways in which these discussions can be optimised.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Walczak 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref832" rid="ch3.ref832"><sup>832</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Audio-recording of community support programme (CSP) sessions, with thematic analysis.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Patients with in-curable heterogeneous cancer diagnosis and oncologist-assessed 2–12 month life expectancy and their carers.</p>
|
|
<p>N=42</p>
|
|
<p>Australia</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To explore responses to a nurse-led CSP, incorporating a question prompt list (booklet of questions patients/caregivers can ask clinicians), promoting life expectancy and EOL-care discussions.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Whitehead 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref848" rid="ch3.ref848"><sup>848</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Narrative face-to-face interviews with thematic qualitative analysis</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Patients with motor neurone disease (n=24) and current (n=18) and bereaved (n=10) carers.</p>
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<p>N=24 patients; N=18 current carers and N=10 bereaved carers</p>
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<p>UK</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To gain a greater understanding of the experiences of living with MND in the final stages of the disease.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3tab3"><div id="ch3.tab3" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 3</span><span class="title">Review findings</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.tab3_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Main findings</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Statement of finding</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Information about prognosis</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">More information, clearly delivered is required about prognosis, disease progression and planning for the future.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Timing of information</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Information about the disease trajectory and dying process should be given earlier, perhaps after diagnosis. Information about EOL hospice care should be earlier as well. Some believed ACP should be started early. Participants hoped health care providers would have adequate training to inform patients at the right time.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Awareness of services</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Patients and carers need more awareness of the services available for end-of-life care and how to get support. Preparation for the palliative care consultation would be useful.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Understanding of end-of-life care services</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">The patients’ understanding of the concepts within end-of-life care such as palliative and hospice care was variable. Expectations of services could be confused.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Readiness for discussion</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Both the patient and doctor need to be ready for the end-of-life discussion. Patients require acceptance and adjustment and doctors need to be confident in discussion of these issues and that the patient desires the information.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Communication skills</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Patient and HCPs communication skills are important in creating conditions for discussion of prognosis and EOL issues. Doctors should be skilled in being sensitive to individual needs and able to raise difficult issues directly, but control of the discussion should be given to the patient.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Options and involvement in decision-making</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Patients should have options provided to them and be part of the decision-making process.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">EOLC service</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Palliative care teams were perceived to spend more time with patients, have individualised care, someone listen to them and be specialised in their care. There was a perceived increase in access to other services via palliative care teams and nurses.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Co-ordination of EOLC</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Patients can find the system difficult to navigate. Keyworkers were useful to co-ordinate end-of-life services and to gain access to services. Patients found it easier to have all professionals in one place.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Discharge planning: practical arrangements</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Patients required discharge planning of practical arrangements, such as how to access services, medication contingency and instructions.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Appointments</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Patients require more control over appointments. Access to appointments outside the home should be considered and appointments inside the home should not be too disruptive to daily life.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Planning ahead</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Patients vary in their readiness to plan ahead.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ACP: knowledge</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Knowledge of ACP and the perceived benefits of ACP can help patients decide on completion of an ACP.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ACP: written or discussed</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Some patients choose to write ACP documentation, whereas others may not, due to a variety of reasons. The process can help discussion of their concerns.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3tab4"><div id="ch3.tab4" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 4</span><span class="title">Summary of evidence</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.tab4_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_1" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Study design and sample size</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Finding</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_3" colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Number of studies contributing to the finding</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Criteria</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Rating</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Overall assessment of confidence</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_2_5" id="hd_b_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_1" colspan="6" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Information about prognosis</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">7</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured interviews</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_b_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">More information, clearly delivered is required about prognosis, disease progression and planning for the future.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Minor concerns about methodological limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MODERATE</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coherence</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Very minor concerns about coherence<sup>a</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Adequacy</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about adequacy</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>a</dt><dd><div id="ch3.tab4_1"><p class="no_margin">All the studies supported the main finding but there where small differences in the level of information that people received and wanted and in the clarity of the information given</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3tab5"><div id="ch3.tab5" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 5</span><span class="title">Summary of evidence</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab5/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.tab5_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_1" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Study design and sample size</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Finding</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_3" colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Number of studies contributing to the finding</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Criteria</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Rating</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Overall assessment of confidence</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_2_5" id="hd_b_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_1" colspan="6" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Timing of information</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">7</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured interviews and focus groups</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_b_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Information about the disease trajectory and dying process should be given earlier, perhaps after diagnosis. Information about EOL hospice care should be earlier as well. Some believed ACP should be started early. Participants hoped health care providers would have adequate training to inform patients at the right time.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Minor concerns about methodological limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">LOW</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coherence</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Minor concerns about coherence<sup>a</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Adequacy</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about adequacy</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>a</dt><dd><div id="ch3.tab5_1"><p class="no_margin">The majority of the data supported information being given earlier although some data supported delaying information about poor prognosis believing it may take away people’s hope and impact on their quality of life.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3tab6"><div id="ch3.tab6" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 6</span><span class="title">Summary of evidence</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab6/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.tab6_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_1" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Study design and sample size</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Finding</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_3" colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Number of studies contributing to the finding</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Criteria</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Rating</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Overall assessment of confidence</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_2_5" id="hd_b_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_1" colspan="6" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Awareness of services</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">6</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured interviews and observations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_b_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Patients and carers need more awareness of the services available for end-of-life care and how to get support. Preparation for the palliative care consultation would be useful.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Minor concerns about methodological limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MODERATE</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coherence</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about coherence</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Adequacy</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about adequacy</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3tab7"><div id="ch3.tab7" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 7</span><span class="title">Summary of evidence</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab7/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.tab7_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_1" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Study design and sample size</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Finding</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_3" colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Number of studies contributing to the finding</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Criteria</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Rating</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Overall assessment of confidence</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_2_5" id="hd_b_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_1" colspan="6" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Understanding end-of-life care services</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">4</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured interviews</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_b_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">The patients’ understanding of the concepts within end-of-life care such as palliative and hospice care was variable. Expectations of services could be confused.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Minor concerns about methodological limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MODERATE</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coherence</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about coherence</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Adequacy</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about adequacy</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3tab8"><div id="ch3.tab8" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 8</span><span class="title">Summary of evidence</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab8/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.tab8_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_1" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Study design and sample size</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Finding</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_3" colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Number of studies contributing to the finding</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Criteria</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Rating</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Overall assessment of confidence</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_2_5" id="hd_b_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_1" colspan="6" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Readiness for discussion</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured interviews</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_b_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Both the patient and the doctor need to be ready for the end-of-life discussion. Patients require acceptance and adjustment and doctors need to be confident in discussion of these issues and that the patient desires the information.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Minor concerns about methodological limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MODERATE</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coherence</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about coherence</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Adequacy</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about adequacy</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3tab9"><div id="ch3.tab9" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 9</span><span class="title">Summary of evidence</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab9/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.tab9_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_1" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Study design and sample size</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Finding</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_3" colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Number of studies contributing to the finding</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Criteria</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Rating</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Overall assessment of confidence</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_2_5" id="hd_b_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_1" colspan="6" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Communication skills</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">8</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured interviews</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_2 hd_b_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Patient and HCPs communication skills are important in creating conditions for discussion of prognosis and EOL issues and discussion. Doctors should be skilled in being sensitive to individual needs and able to raise difficult issues directly, but control of the discussion should be given to the patient.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Minor concerns about methodological limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MODERATE</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coherence</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about coherence</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Adequacy</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab9_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about adequacy</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3tab10"><div id="ch3.tab10" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 10</span><span class="title">Summary of evidence</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab10/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.tab10_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_1" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Study design and sample size</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Finding</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_3" colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Number of studies contributing to the finding</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Criteria</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Rating</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Overall assessment of confidence</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_2_5" id="hd_b_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_1" colspan="6" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Options and involvement in decision-making</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">11</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured interviews and focus groups</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_b_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Patients should have options provided to them and be part of the decision-making process.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Minor concerns about methodological limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MODERATE</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coherence</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about coherence</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Adequacy</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab10_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about adequacy</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3tab11"><div id="ch3.tab11" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 11</span><span class="title">Summary of evidence</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab11/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.tab11_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_1" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Study design and sample size</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Finding</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_3" colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Number of studies contributing to the finding</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Criteria</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Rating</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Overall assessment of confidence</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_2_5" id="hd_b_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_1" colspan="6" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">EOLC service</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured interviews and focus groups</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_b_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Palliative care teams were perceived to spend more time with patients, have individualised care, someone listen to them and be specialised in their care. There was a perceived increase in access to other services via palliative care teams and nurses.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Minor concerns about methodological limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MODERATE</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coherence</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about coherence</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Minor concerns about relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Adequacy</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab11_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about adequacy</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3tab12"><div id="ch3.tab12" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 12</span><span class="title">Summary of evidence</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab12/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.tab12_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_1" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Study design and sample size</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Finding</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_3" colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Number of studies contributing to the finding</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Criteria</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Rating</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Overall assessment of confidence</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_2_5" id="hd_b_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_1" colspan="6" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Co-ordination of EOLC</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">7</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured and focus groups</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_b_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Patients can find the system difficult to navigate. Keyworkers were useful to co-ordinate end-of-life services and to gain access to services. Patients found it easier to have all professionals in one place.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Minor concerns about methodological limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MODERATE</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coherence</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about coherence</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Adequacy</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab12_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about adequacy</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3tab13"><div id="ch3.tab13" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 13</span><span class="title">Summary of evidence</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab13/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.tab13_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_1" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Study design and sample size</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Finding</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_3" colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Number of studies contributing to the finding</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Criteria</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Rating</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Overall assessment of confidence</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_2_5" id="hd_b_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_1" colspan="6" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Discharge planning: practical arrangements</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">4</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured interviews and observations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_b_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Patients required discharge planning of practical arrangements, such as how to access services, medication contingency and instructions.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Minor concerns about methodological limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MODERATE</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coherence</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about coherence</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Adequacy</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab13_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about adequacy</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3tab14"><div id="ch3.tab14" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 14</span><span class="title">Summary of evidence</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab14/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.tab14_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_1" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Study design and sample size</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Finding</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_3" colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Number of studies contributing to the finding</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Criteria</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Rating</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Overall assessment of confidence</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_2_5" id="hd_b_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_1" colspan="6" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Appointments</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured interviews</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_b_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Patients require more control over appointments. Access to appointments outside the home should be considered and appointments inside the home should not be too disruptive to daily life.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Minor concerns about methodological limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MODERATE</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coherence</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about coherence</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Minor concerns about relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Adequacy</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about adequacy</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3tab15"><div id="ch3.tab15" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 15</span><span class="title">Summary of evidence</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab15/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.tab15_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_1" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Study design and sample size</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Finding</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_3" colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Number of studies contributing to the finding</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Criteria</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Rating</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Overall assessment of confidence</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_2_5" id="hd_b_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_1" colspan="6" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Planning ahead</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">5</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured interviews</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_b_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Patients vary in their readiness to plan ahead.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Minor concerns about methodological limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MODERATE</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coherence</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about coherence</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Adequacy</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab15_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about adequacy</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3tab16"><div id="ch3.tab16" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 16</span><span class="title">Summary of evidence</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab16/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.tab16_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_1" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Study design and sample size</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Finding</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_3" colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Number of studies contributing to the finding</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Criteria</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Rating</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Overall assessment of confidence</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_2_5" id="hd_b_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_1" colspan="6" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">ACP: knowledge</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured interviews and focus groups</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_b_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Knowledge of ACP and the perceived benefits of ACP can help patient decide on completion of an ACP.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Minor concerns about methodological limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">LOW</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coherence</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about coherence</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Adequacy</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">concerns about adequacy<sup>a</sup></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>a</dt><dd><div id="ch3.tab16_1"><p class="no_margin">Only two small studies contributed to this finding.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3tab17"><div id="ch3.tab17" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 17</span><span class="title">Summary of evidence</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.tab17/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.tab17_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_1" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Study design and sample size</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Finding</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_3" colspan="3" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality assessment</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Number of studies contributing to the finding</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Criteria</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Rating</th><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Overall assessment of confidence</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_2_1 hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_2_2 hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_2 hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_2_3 hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_2_4 hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_2_5" id="hd_b_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_1" colspan="6" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">ACP: written or discussed</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_2_1 hd_b_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">6</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_2_2 hd_b_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Semi-structured interviews</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_2 hd_b_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Some patients choose to write ACP documentation, whereas others may not, due to a variety of reasons. The process of ACP can help discussion of their concerns.</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Minor concerns about methodological limitations</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_2_5 hd_b_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="4" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MODERATE</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coherence</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about coherence</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about relevance</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_2_3 hd_b_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Adequacy</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_ch3.tab17_1_1_2_4 hd_b_ch3.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No concerns about adequacy</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3appatab1"><div id="ch3.appa.tab1" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 18</span><span class="title">Review protocol for what are the barriers and facilitators for the initial access to and planning of end of life care services?</span></h3><div class="caption"><p>Question number: 15</p><p>Relevant section of Scope: Service delivery models for end of life care, including both acute, community and third sector settings</p></div><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appa.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.appa.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">ID</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Field</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Content</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">I</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Review question</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">What are the barriers and facilitators for the initial access to, and planning of end of life care services?</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">II</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Type of review question</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Intervention review</p>
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<p>A review of health economic evidence related to the same review question was conducted in parallel with this review. For details see the health economic review protocol for this NICE guideline.</p>
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</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">III</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Objective of the review</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To determine how services can be improved and what works well to support:
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<ul id="ch3.l7"><li id="ch3.lt11" class="half_rhythm"><div>the initial access to end of life care services for people in their last year of life</div></li><li id="ch3.lt12" class="half_rhythm"><div>carers/patient’s involvement in planning their last year of life services</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IV</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Eligibility criteria – population / disease / condition / issue / domain</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><p>Adults (aged over 18 or over) with progressive life-limiting conditions thought to be entering the last year of life.</p><p>Carers of (or those important to) adults (aged over 18 or over) with progressive life-limiting conditions thought to be entering the last year of life.</p>
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<ul id="ch3.l8"><li id="ch3.lt13" class="half_rhythm"><div>Includes young carers (<18 years)</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">V</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Eligibility criteria – intervention(s) / exposure(s) / prognostic factor(s)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><p><b>Initial access</b></p>
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<ul id="ch3.l9"><li id="ch3.lt14" class="half_rhythm"><div>Any type of barriers and facilitators to the initial access of people in their last year of life to end of life care services. For example:</div></li><li id="ch3.lt15" class="half_rhythm"><div>Communication around end of life issues such as for example, awareness of availability of end of life care services</div></li><li id="ch3.lt16" class="half_rhythm"><div>Timing or setting of involvement in initial planning decision making (for example, ACP)</div></li><li id="ch3.lt17" class="half_rhythm"><div>Facilitators (for example: coordinators, leaflets, information)</div></li></ul>
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<p><b>Planning, choices, discharge</b></p>
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<ul id="ch3.l10"><li id="ch3.lt18" class="half_rhythm"><div>What works well (and what doesn’t) when facilitating <b>discharge</b></div></li><li id="ch3.lt19" class="half_rhythm"><div>Service features/elements that patients/carers considered as important for effective discharge process.</div></li><li id="ch3.lt20" class="half_rhythm"><div>How and when to best incorporate patient’s choice in the last year of life care pathway</div></li><li id="ch3.lt21" class="half_rhythm"><div>Process for effective advance care planning</div></li><li id="ch3.lt22" class="half_rhythm"><div>What process should be in place for allowing patients to <b>change</b> their minds/choices throughout their last year of life (after the initial advance care planning).</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VI</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Eligibility criteria – comparator(s) / control or reference (gold) standard</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not applicable.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VII</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Outcomes and prioritisation</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not applicable.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">VIII</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Eligibility criteria – study design</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><p>Qualitative studies (for example: interviews, focus groups, observations)</p><p><b>Data synthesis</b></p>
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<ul id="ch3.l11"><li id="ch3.lt23" class="half_rhythm"><div>Synthesis of qualitative research: Thematic analysis - information synthesised into main review findings. Results presented in a detailed narrative with accompanying diagrams and in table format with summary statements of main review findings.</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">IX</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Other inclusion exclusion criteria</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Themes around clinical care; barriers and facilitators to repeated access to end of life services (once the patient has already accessed end of life services)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">X</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Proposed sensitivity / subgroup analysis, or meta-regression</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not applicable</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">XI</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Selection process – duplicate screening / selection / analysis</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not applicable</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">XII</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Data management (software)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>
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<b>Appraisal of methodological quality</b>
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</p>
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<p>The methodological quality of each study will be assessed using NGC modified NICE checklists and the quality of the body of evidence as a whole will be assessed by a GRADE CerQual approach for each review finding.</p>
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<p>Endnote for bibliography, citations, sifting and reference management</p>
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</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">XIII</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Information sources – databases and dates</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Clinical search databases to be used: Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, Current Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), PsycINFO, Healthcare Management Information Consortium (HMIC), Social Policy and Practice (SSP), Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts (ASSIA)</p>
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<p>Date: All years</p>
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<p>Language: Restrict to English only</p>
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</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">XIV</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Identify if an update</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not applicable</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">XV</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Author contacts</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/indevelopment/gid-cgwave0799" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">https://www<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​.nice.org<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​.uk/guidance/indevelopment<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​/gid-cgwave0799</a>
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</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">XVI</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Highlight if amendment to previous protocol</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">For details please see section 4.5 of <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/article/pmg20/chapter/4-Developing-review-questions-and-planning-the-evidence-review#planning-the-evidence-review" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Developing NICE guidelines: the manual</a>.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">XVII</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Search strategy – for one database</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">For details please see <a href="#ch3.appb">Appendix B</a></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">XVIII</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Data collection process – forms / duplicate</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">A standardised evidence table format will be used, and published as <a href="#ch3.appd">Appendix D</a> of the evidence report.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">XIX</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Data items – define all variables to be collected</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">For details please see evidence tables in <a href="#ch3.appd">Appendix D</a> (clinical evidence tables) or <a href="#ch3.appe">E</a> (health economic evidence tables).</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">XX</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Methods for assessing bias at outcome / study level</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Standard study checklists were used to critically appraise individual studies. For details please see section 6.2 of <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/article/pmg20/chapter/6-Reviewing-research-evidence#assessing-the-quality-of-the-evidence" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Developing NICE guidelines: the manual</a></p>
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<p>The risk of bias across all available evidence was evaluated for each outcome using an adaptation of the ‘Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) toolbox’ developed by the international GRADE working group <a href="http://www.gradeworkinggroup.org/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">http://www<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​.gradeworkinggroup.org/</a></p>
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<p>[Please document any deviations/alternative approach when GRADE isn’t used or if a modified GRADE approach has been used for non-intervention or non-comparative studies.]</p>
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</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">XXI</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Criteria for quantitative synthesis</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">For details please see section 6.4 of <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/article/pmg20/chapter/6-Reviewing-research-evidence#assessing-the-quality-of-the-evidence" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Developing NICE guidelines: the manual</a>.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">XXII</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Methods for quantitative analysis – combining studies and exploring (in)consistency</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">For details please see the separate <a href="/books/NBK558767/bin/bm1.pdf">Methods</a> report for this guideline.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">XXIII</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Meta-bias assessment – publication bias, selective reporting bias</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>For details please see section 6.2 of <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/article/pmg20/chapter/6-Reviewing-research-evidence#assessing-the-quality-of-the-evidence" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Developing NICE guidelines: the manual</a>.</p>
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<p>[Consider exploring publication bias for review questions where it may be more common, such as pharmacological questions and certain disease areas. Describe any steps taken to mitigate against publication bias, such as examining trial registries.]</p>
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</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">XXIV</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Confidence in cumulative evidence</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">For details please see sections 6.4 and 9.1 of <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/article/pmg20/chapter/1-Introduction-and-overview" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Developing NICE guidelines: the manual</a>.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">XXV</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Rationale / context – what is known</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">For details please see the introduction to the evidence review.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">XXVI</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Describe contributions of authors and guarantor</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>A multidisciplinary committee</p>
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<p>[<a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/indevelopment/gid-cgwave0799" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">https://www<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​.nice.org<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​.uk/guidance/indevelopment<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​/gid-cgwave0799</a>] developed the evidence review. The committee was convened by the National Guideline Centre (NGC) and chaired by Mark Thomas in line with section 3 of <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/article/pmg20/chapter/1%20Introduction%20and%20overview" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Developing NICE guidelines: the manual</a>.</p>
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<p>Staff from NGC undertook systematic literature searches, appraised the evidence, conducted meta-analysis and cost-effectiveness analysis where appropriate, and drafted the evidence review in collaboration with the committee. For details please see <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk/article/pmg20/chapter/1-Introduction-and-overview" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Developing NICE guidelines: the manual</a>.</p>
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</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">XXVII</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sources of funding / support</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">NGC is funded by NICE and hosted by the Royal College of Physicians.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">XXVIII</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Name of sponsor</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">NGC is funded by NICE and hosted by the Royal College of Physicians.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">XXIX</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Roles of sponsor</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">NICE funds NGC to develop guidelines for those working in the NHS, public health and social care in England.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">XXX</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PROSPERO registration number</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not registered</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3appatab2"><div id="ch3.appa.tab2" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 19</span><span class="title">Health economic review protocol</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appa.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.appa.tab2_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Review question</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">All questions – health economic evidence</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Objectives</b>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To identify health economic studies relevant to any of the review questions.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Search criteria</b>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<ul id="ch3.l12"><li id="ch3.lt24" class="half_rhythm"><div>Populations, interventions and comparators must be as specified in the clinical review protocol above.</div></li><li id="ch3.lt25" class="half_rhythm"><div>Studies must be of a relevant health economic study design (cost–utility analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, cost–benefit analysis, cost–consequences analysis, comparative cost analysis).</div></li><li id="ch3.lt26" class="half_rhythm"><div>Studies must not be a letter, editorial or commentary, or a review of health economic evaluations. (Recent reviews will be ordered although not reviewed. The bibliographies will be checked for relevant studies, which will then be ordered.)</div></li><li id="ch3.lt27" class="half_rhythm"><div>Unpublished reports will not be considered unless submitted as part of a call for evidence.</div></li><li id="ch3.lt28" class="half_rhythm"><div>Studies must be in English.</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Search strategy</b>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">A health economic study search will be undertaken using population-specific terms and a health economic study filter. See <a href="#ch3.appa">Appendix A</a>.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Review strategy</b>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appa.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><p>Studies not meeting any of the search criteria above will be excluded. Studies published before 2007, abstract-only studies and studies from non-OECD countries or the USA will also be excluded.</p><p>Each remaining study will be assessed for applicability and methodological limitations using the NICE economic evaluation checklist which can be found in Appendix H of Developing NICE guidelines: the manual (2014).<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref590" rid="ch3.ref590"><sup>590</sup></a></p><p><b>Inclusion and exclusion criteria</b></p>
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<ul id="ch3.l13"><li id="ch3.lt29" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a study is rated as both ‘Directly applicable’ and with ‘Minor limitations’ then it will be included in the guideline. A health economic evidence table will be completed and it will be included in the health economic evidence profile.</div></li><li id="ch3.lt30" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a study is rated as either ‘Not applicable’ or with ‘Very serious limitations’ then it will usually be excluded from the guideline. If it is excluded then a health economic evidence table will not be completed and it will not be included in the health economic evidence profile.</div></li><li id="ch3.lt31" class="half_rhythm"><div>If a study is rated as ‘Partially applicable’, with ‘Potentially serious limitations’ or both then there is discretion over whether it should be included.</div></li></ul>
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<p><b>Where there is discretion</b></p><p>The health economist will make a decision based on the relative applicability and quality of the available evidence for that question, in discussion with the guideline committee if required. The ultimate aim is to include health economic studies that are helpful for decision-making in the context of the guideline and the current NHS setting. If several studies are considered of sufficiently high applicability and methodological quality that they could all be included, then the health economist, in discussion with the committee if required, may decide to include only the most applicable studies and to selectively exclude the remaining studies. All studies excluded on the basis of applicability or methodological limitations will be listed with explanation as excluded health economic studies in Appendix M.</p><p>The health economist will be guided by the following hierarchies.</p><p><i>Setting:</i>
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<ul id="ch3.l14"><li id="ch3.lt32" class="half_rhythm"><div>UK NHS (most applicable).</div></li><li id="ch3.lt33" class="half_rhythm"><div>OECD countries with predominantly public health insurance systems (for example, France, Germany, Sweden).</div></li><li id="ch3.lt34" class="half_rhythm"><div>OECD countries with predominantly private health insurance systems (for example, Switzerland).</div></li><li id="ch3.lt35" class="half_rhythm"><div>Studies set in non-OECD countries or in the USA will be excluded before being assessed for applicability and methodological limitations.</div></li></ul></p>
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<p><i>Health economic study type:</i>
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<ul id="ch3.l15"><li id="ch3.lt36" class="half_rhythm"><div>Cost–utility analysis (most applicable).</div></li><li id="ch3.lt37" class="half_rhythm"><div>Other type of full economic evaluation (cost–benefit analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, cost–consequences analysis).</div></li><li id="ch3.lt38" class="half_rhythm"><div>Comparative cost analysis.</div></li><li id="ch3.lt39" class="half_rhythm"><div>Non-comparative cost analyses including cost-of-illness studies will be excluded before being assessed for applicability and methodological limitations.</div></li></ul></p>
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<p><i>Year of analysis:</i>
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<ul id="ch3.l16"><li id="ch3.lt40" class="half_rhythm"><div>The more recent the study, the more applicable it will be.</div></li><li id="ch3.lt41" class="half_rhythm"><div>Studies published in 2007 or later but that depend on unit costs and resource data entirely or predominantly from before 2007 will be rated as ‘Not applicable’.</div></li><li id="ch3.lt42" class="half_rhythm"><div>Studies published before 2007 will be excluded before being assessed for applicability and methodological limitations.</div></li></ul></p>
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<p><i>Quality and relevance of effectiveness data used in the health economic analysis:</i>
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<ul id="ch3.l17"><li id="ch3.lt43" class="half_rhythm"><div>The more closely the clinical effectiveness data used in the health economic analysis match with the outcomes of the studies included in the clinical review the more useful the analysis will be for decision-making in the guideline.</div></li></ul></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3appbtab1"><div id="ch3.appb.tab1" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 20</span><span class="title">Database date parameters and filters used</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.appb.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Database</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Dates searched</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Search filter used</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Medline (Ovid)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1946 – 04 January 2019</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Exclusions</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Embase (Ovid)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1974 – 04 January 2019</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Exclusions</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">The Cochrane Library (Wiley)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Cochrane Reviews to Issue 1 of 12, January 2019</p>
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<p>CENTRAL to Issue 1 of 12, January 2019</p>
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<p>DARE, and NHSEED to Issue 2 of 4 2015</p>
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<p>HTA to Issue 4 of 4 2016</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">None</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CINAHL, Current Nursing and Allied Health Literature (EBSCO)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inception – 04 January 2019</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Limiters - English Language; Exclude MEDLINE records; Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Meta Analysis, Randomized Controlled Trial, Systematic Review: Age Groups: All Adult; Language: English</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PsycINFO (ProQuest)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inception – 04 January 2019</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study type</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">HMIC. Healthcare Management Information Consortium (Ovid)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1979 – 04 January 2019</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Exclusions</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">SPP, Social Policy and Practice</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1981 – 04 January 2019</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study types</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">ASSIA, Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts (ProQuest)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1987 – 04 January 2019</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">None</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3appbtab2"><div id="ch3.appb.tab2" class="table"><h3><span class="title">Medline (Ovid) search terms</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.appb.tab2_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Palliative care/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Terminal care/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hospice care/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">4.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">palliat*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">5.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Terminally Ill/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">6.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((terminal* or long term or longterm) adj2 (care* or caring or ill*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">7.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((dying or terminal) adj (phase* or stage*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">8.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">life limit*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">9.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Nursing Homes/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">10.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((care or nursing) adj2 (home or homes)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">11.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Respite Care/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">12.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((respite or day) adj2 (care or caring)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">13.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hospices/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">14.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">hospice*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">15.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Patient care planning/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">16.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*“Continuity of Patient Care”/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">17.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((advance* or patient*) adj3 (care or caring) adj3 (continu* or plan*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">18.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Attitude to Death/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">19.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(attitude* adj3 (death* or dying*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">20.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Physician-Patient Relations/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">21.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Long-Term Care/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">22.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*“Delivery of Health Care”/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">23.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(end adj2 life).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">24.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">EOLC.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">25.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((last or final) adj2 (year or month*) adj2 life).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">26.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((dying or death) adj2 (patient* or person* or people or care or caring)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">27.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/1–26</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">28.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">letter/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">29.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">editorial/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">30.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">news/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">31.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp historical article/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">32.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anecdotes as Topic/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">33.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">comment/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">34.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">case report/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">35.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(letter or comment*).ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">36.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/28–35</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">37.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomized controlled trial/ or random*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">38.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">36 not 37</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">39.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">animals/ not humans/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">40.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Animals, Laboratory/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">41.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Animal Experimentation/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">42.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Models, Animal/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">43.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Rodentia/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">44.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(rat or rats or mouse or mice).ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">45.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/38–44</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">46.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">27 not 45</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">47.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">limit 46 to English language</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">48.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(exp child/ or exp pediatrics/ or exp infant/) not (exp adolescent/ or exp adult/ or exp middle age/ or exp aged/)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">49.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">47 not 48</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">50.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(commission* adj2 (support* or service* or model*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">51.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((service* or program* or co-ordinat* or co ordinat* or coordinat*) adj2 (model* or deliver* or strateg* or support* or access* or method* or system* or policies or policy or availab*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">52.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Critical Pathways/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">53.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((critical or clinic* or service* or care) adj2 path*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">54.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Patient Care Bundles/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">55.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(care adj2 (bundle* or service* or package* or standard*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">56.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/50–55</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">57.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(assess* or criteria* or predict* or recogni* or identif* or refer*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">58.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">49 and 56 and 57</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">59.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">gold standard*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">60.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">49 and 59</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">61.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(amber adj2 bundle).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">62.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">58 or 60 or 61</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">63.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">patient care team/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">64.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">interdisciplinary communication/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">65.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(((interdisciplin* or inter-disciplin* or interprofession* or inter-profession* or multidisciplin* or multi-disciplin* or multi-profession* or multiprofession* or transprofession* or trans-profession*) adj2 (team* or staff* or meeting* or manag* or appointment* or system* or program* or practic* or advic* or advis* or caring or intervention* or ward* or round* or panel* or forum* or fora or communicat* or collaborat* or relat*)) or MDT or IDT).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">66.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(((integrat* or network*) adj2 (team* or staff* or meeting* or manag* or appointment* or system* or program* or practic* or advic* or advis* or caring or intervention* or ward* or round* or panel* or forum* or fora or communicat* or collaborat* or relat*)) or MDT or IDT).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">67.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(key adj2 work*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">68.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((healthcare or care) adj2 (lead or leader or leads or facilitat*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">69.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((healthcare or care) adj1 profession*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">70.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Case Management/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">71.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(case adj2 manage*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">72.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(co-ordinator* or coordinator* or coordinate* or co-ordinate*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">73.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Or/63–72</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">74.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">“referral and consultation”/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">75.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(referral* or referred or referring or refer or refers or consult*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">76.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(recommend* or direct*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">77.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/74–76</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">78.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Social Welfare/ec, ed, es, eh, ma, st, sn, td [Economics, Education, Ethics, Ethnology, Manpower, Standards, Statistics & Numerical Data, Trends]</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">79.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Charities/ec, ed, es, ma, mt, og, st, sn, sd, td, ut [Economics, Education, Ethics, Manpower, Methods, Organization & Administration, Standards, Statistics & Numerical Data, Supply & Distribution, Trends, Utilization]</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">80.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Home Care Services/ec, ed, es, ma, mt, og, st, sn, sd, td, ut [Economics, Education, Ethics, Manpower, Methods, Organization & Administration, Standards, Statistics & Numerical Data, Supply & Distribution, Trends, Utilization]</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">81.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Community Health Nursing/ec, ed, es, ma, mt, og, st, sn, sd, td, ut [Economics, Education, Ethics, Manpower, Methods, Organization & Administration, Standards, Statistics & Numerical Data, Supply & Distribution, Trends, Utilization]</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">82.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Telemedicine/ec, es, ma, mt, og, st, sn, td, ut [Economics, Ethics, Manpower, Methods, Organization & Administration, Standards, Statistics & Numerical Data, Trends, Utilization]</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">83.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp remote consultation/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">84.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*telemedicine/ or *telepathology/ or *teleradiology/ or *telerehabilitation/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">85.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(telemedicine or tele medicine or telehealth or tele health or virtual hospital* or helpline* or help line* or rapid response team* or telepathology or teleradiology or telerehabilitatio).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">86.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((tele* or remote) adj2 consult*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">87.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mobile Health Units/ec, es, ma, og, st, sn, sd, td, ut [Economics, Ethics, Manpower, Organization & Administration, Standards, Statistics & Numerical Data, Supply & Distribution, Trends, Utilization]</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">88.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(mobile adj2 (health or care) adj2 unit*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">89.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(hospital-based home care or HBHC or hospital-based hospice care or acute hospital care).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">90.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(hospital adj3 (domicil* or home)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">91.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">home hospitali*ation.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">92.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Home Care Agencies/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">93.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(social adj (welfare or care)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">94.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(nurs* adj4 (home-visit* or home visit* or home-based or home based)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">95.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((district* or communit* or home or visit*) adj nurs*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">96.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(community adj2 (health care or healthcare or nursing or nurse*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">97.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((hospitali*ation* or admission* or readmission* or admit*) adj3 (reduc* or avoid* or prevent* or inappropiate or increase* or risk*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">98.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/78–97</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">99.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Caregivers/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">100.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Spouses/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">101.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Family/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">102.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(spouse* or wife or wives or husband* or carer* or caregiver* or care giver* or significant other* or friend* or partner* or family or families or individual* or sibling* or brother* or sister* or relative or relatives or mothers* or daughters* or father* or son or sons or uncle* or aunt* or grand mother* or grandmother* or grandfather* or grand father* or aunt* or uncle* or cousin* or niece* or nephew*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">103.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Or/99–102</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">104.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((replacement or break* or holiday* or respite) adj3 (care* or service*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">105.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((communit* or support* or psychosocial* or psycholog*) adj3 (service* or group* or system*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">106.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((group* or support* or psychosocial* or psycholog*) adj3 (selfhelp or self help or therap*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">107.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((psychosocial* or psycholog*) adj2 support*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">108.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Self-Help Groups/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">109.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp social support/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">110.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Counseling/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">111.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(counseling or counselling*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">112.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(buddy* or buddies).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">113.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((health* or medical*) adj2 check*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">114.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((spouse* or wife or wives or husband* or carer* or caregiver* or care giver* or significant other* or friend* or partner* or family or families or individual* or sibling* or brother* or sister* or relative or relatives or mothers* or daughters* or father* or son or sons or uncle* or aunt* or grand mother* or grandmother* or grandfather* or grand father* or aunt* or uncle* or cousin* or niece* or nephew*) adj3 (education or educate or educating or information or literature or leaflet* or booklet* or pamphlet* or website* or knowledge)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">115.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/104–114</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">116.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">49 and 103 and 115</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">117.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">49 and (73 or 77 or 98)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">118.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">62 or 116 or 117</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3appbtab3"><div id="ch3.appb.tab3" class="table"><h3><span class="title">Embase (Ovid) search terms</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.appb.tab3_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Palliative therapy/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Terminal care/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Hospice care/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">4.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">palliat*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">5.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Terminally ill patient/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">6.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((terminal* or long term or longterm) adj2 (care* or caring or ill*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">7.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((dying or terminal) adj (phase* or stage*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">8.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">life limit*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">9.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Nursing home/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">10.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((care or nursing) adj2 (home or homes)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">11.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Respite Care/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">12.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((respite or day) adj2 (care or caring)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">13.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Hospice/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">14.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">hospice*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">15.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Patient care planning/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">16.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((advance* or patient*) adj3 (care or caring) adj3 (continu* or plan*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">17.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Patient care/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">18.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Attitude to Death/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">19.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(attitude* adj3 (death* or dying*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">20.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Doctor patient relation/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">21.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Long term care/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">22.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Health care delivery/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">23.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(end adj2 life).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">24.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">EOLC.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">25.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((last or final) adj2 (year or month*) adj2 life).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">26.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((dying or death) adj2 (patient* or person* or people or care or caring)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">27.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/1–26</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">28.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">letter.pt. or letter/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">29.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">note.pt.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">30.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">editorial.pt.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">31.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">case report/ or case study/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">32.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(letter or comment*).ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">33.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/28–32</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">34.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomized controlled trial/ or random*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">35.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">33 not 34</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">36.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">animal/ not human/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">37.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">nonhuman/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">38.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Animal Experiment/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">39.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Experimental Animal/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">40.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">animal model/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">41.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Rodent/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">42.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(rat or rats or mouse or mice).ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">43.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/35–42</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">44.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">27 not 43</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">45.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(exp child/ or exp pediatrics/ or exp infant/) not (exp adolescent/ or exp adult/ or exp middle age/ or exp aged/)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">46.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">44 not 45</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">47.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">limit 46 to English language</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">48.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(commission* adj2 (support* or service* or model*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">49.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((service* or program* or co-ordinat* or co ordinat* or coordinat*) adj2 (model* or deliver* or strateg* or support* or access* or method* or system* or policies or policy or availab*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">50.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Clinical Pathway/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">51.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((critical or clinic* or service* or care) adj2 path*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">52.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Care Bundle/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">53.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(care adj2 (bundle* or service* or package* or standard*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">54.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/48–53</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">55.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(assess* or criteria* or predict* or recogni* or identif* or refer*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">56.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">47 and 54 and 55</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">57.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">gold standard*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">58.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">47 and 57</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">59.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(amber adj2 bundle).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">60.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">56 or 58 or 59</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">61.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">interdisciplinary communication/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">62.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">patient care team*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">63.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(((interdisciplin* or inter-disciplin* or interprofession* or inter-profession* or multidisciplin* or multi-disciplin* or multi-profession* or multiprofession* or transprofession* or trans-profession*) adj2 (team* or staff* or meeting* or manag* or appointment* or system* or program* or practic* or advic* or advis* or caring or intervention* or ward* or round* or panel* or forum* or fora or communicat* or collaborat* or relat*)) or MDT or IDT).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">64.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(((integrat* or network*) adj2 (team* or staff* or meeting* or manag* or appointment* or system* or program* or practic* or advic* or advis* or caring or intervention* or ward* or round* or panel* or forum* or fora or communicat* or collaborat* or relat*)) or MDT or IDT).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">65.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(key adj2 work*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">66.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((healthcare or care) adj2 (lead or leader or leads or facilitat*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">67.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((healthcare or care) adj1 profession*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">68.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Case Management/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">69.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(case adj2 manage*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">70.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(co-ordinator* or coordinator* or coordinate* or co-ordinate*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">71.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Or/61–70</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">72.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp patient referral/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">73.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(referral* or referred or referring or refer or refers or consult*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">74.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(recommend* or direct*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">75.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/72–74</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">76.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*social welfare/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">77.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*community health nursing/ or *community care/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">78.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*senior center/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">79.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*telemedicine/ or *telehealth/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">80.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*teleconsultation/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">81.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(telehealth or tele health or virtual hospital* or helpline* or help line* or rapid response team* or mobile health unit*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">82.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*home care/ or *home health agency/ or *home monitoring/ or *home oxygen therapy/ or *home physiotherapy/ or *home rehabilitation/ or *home respiratory care/ or *respite care/ or *visiting nursing service/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">83.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*health care personnel/ or *health auxiliary/ or *nursing home personnel/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">84.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(telemedicine or tele medicine or telehealth or tele health or virtual hospital* or helpline* or help line* or rapid response team* or telepathology or teleradiology or telerehabilitatio).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">85.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((tele* or remote) adj2 consult*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">86.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(mobile adj2 (health or care) adj2 unit*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">87.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(hospital-based home care or HBHC or hospital-based hospice care or acute hospital care).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">88.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(hospital adj3 (domicil* or home)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">89.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">home hospitali*ation.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">90.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(social adj (welfare or care)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">91.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(nurs* adj4 (home-visit* or home visit* or home-based or home based)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">92.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((district* or communit* or home or visit*) adj nurs*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">93.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(community adj2 (health care or healthcare or nursing or nurse*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">94.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((hospitali*ation* or admission* or readmission* or admit*) adj3 (reduc* or avoid* or prevent* or inappropiate or increase* or risk*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">95.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/76–94</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">96.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Caregiver/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">97.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Spouse/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">98.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Family/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">99.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(spouse* or wife or wives or husband* or carer* or caregiver* or care giver* or significant other* or friend* or partner* or family or families or individual* or sibling* or brother* or sister* or relative or relatives or mothers* or daughters* or father* or son or sons or uncle* or aunt* or grand mother* or grandmother* or grandfather* or grand father* or aunt* or uncle* or cousin* or niece* or nephew*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">100.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Or/96–99</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">101.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((replacement or break* or holiday* or respite) adj3 (care* or service*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">102.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((communit* or support* or psychosocial* or psycholog*) adj3 (service* or group* or system*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">103.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((group* or support* or psychosocial* or psycholog*) adj3 (selfhelp or self help or therap*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">104.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((psychosocial* or psycholog*) adj2 support*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">105.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Self-Help/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">106.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Social support/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">107.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Counseling/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">108.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(counseling or counselling*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">109.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(buddy* or buddies).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">110.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((health* or medical*) adj2 check*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">111.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((spouse* or wife or wives or husband* or carer* or caregiver* or care giver* or significant other* or friend* or partner* or family or families or individual* or sibling* or brother* or sister* or relative or relatives or mothers* or daughters* or father* or son or sons or uncle* or aunt* or grand mother* or grandmother* or grandfather* or grand father* or aunt* or uncle* or cousin* or niece* or nephew*) adj3 (education or educate or educating or information or literature or leaflet* or booklet* or pamphlet* or website* or knowledge)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">112.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/101–111</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">113.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">47 and 100 and 112</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">114.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">47 and (71 or 75 or 95)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">115.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">60 or 113 or 114</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3appbtab4"><div id="ch3.appb.tab4" class="table"><h3><span class="title">Cochrane Library (Wiley) search terms</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.appb.tab4_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#1.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Palliative Care] this term only</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#2.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Terminal Care] this term only</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#3.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Hospice Care] this term only</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#4.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">palliat*:ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#5.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Terminally Ill] this term only</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#6.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((terminal* or long term or longterm) near/2 (care* or caring or ill*)):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#7.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((dying or terminal) near (phase* or stage*)):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#8.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">life limit*:ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#9.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Nursing Homes] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#10.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((care or nursing) near/2 (home or homes)):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#11.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Respite Care] this term only</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#12.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((respite or day) near/2 (care or caring)):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#13.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Hospices] this term only</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#14.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">hospice*:ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#15.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Patient Care Planning] this term only</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#16.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Continuity of Patient Care] this term only</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#17.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((advance* or patient*) near/3 (care or caring) near/3 (continu* or plan*)):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#18.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Attitude to Death] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#19.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(attitude* near/3 (death* or dying*)):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#20.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Physician-Patient Relations] this term only</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#21.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Long-Term Care] this term only</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#22.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Delivery of Health Care] this term only</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#23.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(end near/2 life):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#24.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">EOLC:ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#25.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((last or final) near/2 (year or month*) near/2 life):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#26.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((dying or death) near/2 (patient* or person* or people or care or caring)):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#27.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(or #1–#26)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#28.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(commission* near/2 (support* or service* or model*)):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#29.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((service* or program* or co-ordinat* or co ordinat* or coordinat*) near/2 (model* or deliver* or strateg* or support* or access* or method* or system* or policies or policy or availab*)):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#30.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Critical Pathways] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#31.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((critical or clinic* or service* or care) near/2 path*):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#32.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Patient Care Bundles] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#33.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(care near/2 (bundle* or service* or package* or standard*)):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#34.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(or #28–#33)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#35.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(assess* or criteria* or predict* or recogni* or identif* or refer*):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#36.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#27 and #34 and #35</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#37.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">gold standard*:ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#38.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#27 and #37</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#39.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(amber near/2 bundle):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#40.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#36 or #38 or #39</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#41.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Patient Care Team] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#42.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Interdisciplinary Communication] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#43.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(((interdisciplin* or inter-disciplin* or interprofession* or inter-profession* or multidisciplin* or multi-disciplin* or multi-profession* or multiprofession* or transprofession* or trans-profession*) near/2 (team* or staff* or meeting* or manag* or appointment* or system* or program* or practic* or advic* or advis* or caring or intervention* or ward* or round* or panel* or forum* or fora or communicat* or collaborat* or relat*)) or MDT or IDT):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#44.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((integrat* or network*) near/2 (team* or staff* or meeting* or manag* or appointment* or system* or program* or practic* or advic* or advis* or caring or intervention* or ward* or round* or panel* or forum* or fora or communicat* or collaborat* or relat*)):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#45.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(key near/2 work*):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#46.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((healthcare or care) near/2 (lead or leader or leads or facilitat*)):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#47.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((healthcare or care) near/1 profession*):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#48.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Case Management] this term only</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#49.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(case near/2 manage*):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#50.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(co-ordinator* or coordinator* or coordinate* or co-ordinate*):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#51.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(or #41–#50 )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#52.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Referral and Consultation] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#53.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(referral* or referred or referring or refer or refers or consult*):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#54.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(recommend* or direct*):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#55.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(or #52–#54 )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#56.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Social Welfare] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#57.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Charities] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#58.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Adult Day Care Centers] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#59.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Community Health Nursing] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#60.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Home Care Services] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#61.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Senior Centers] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#62.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Telemedicine] this term only</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#63.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Remote Consultation] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#64.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(telehealth or tele health or virtual hospital* or helpline* or help line* or rapid response team*):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#65.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Mobile Health Units] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#66.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((community based or community dwelling home or rural) near/3 (care or health care or healthcare)):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#67.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(hospital-based home care or HBHC or hospital-based hospice care or acute hospital care):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#68.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((hospitali*ation* or admission* or readmission* or admit*) near/3 (reduc* or avoid* or prevent* or inappropiate or increase* or risk*)):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#69.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(home based versus hospital based):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#70.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(hospital near/3 (domicil* or home)):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#71.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(home hospitali*ation):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#72.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Home Care Services, Hospital-Based] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#73.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Home Health Nursing] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#74.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Homemaker Services] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#75.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Home Care Agencies] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#76.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Home Health Aides] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#77.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(social care):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#78.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Nurses, Community Health] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#79.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(nurs* near/4 (home-visit* or home visit* or home-based or home based)):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#80.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((district* or communit* or home or visit*) near nurs*):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#81.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(or #56–#80)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#82.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Caregivers] this term only</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#83.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Spouses] this term only</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#84.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Family] this term only</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#85.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(spouse* or wife or wives or husband* or carer* or caregiver* or care giver* or significant other* or friend* or partner* or family or families or individual* or sibling* or brother* or sister* or relative or relatives or mothers* or daughters* or father* or son or sons or uncle* or aunt* or grand mother* or grandmother* or grandfather* or grand father* or aunt* or uncle* or cousin* or niece* or nephew*):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#86.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(or #82–#85)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#87.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((replacement or break* or holiday* or respite) near/3 (care* or service*)):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#88.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((communit* or support* or psychosocial* or psycholog*) near/3 (service* or group* or system*)):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#89.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((group* or support* or psychosocial* or psycholog*) near/3 (selfhelp or self help or therap*)):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#90.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((psychosocial* or psycholog*) near/2 support*):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#91.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Self-Help Groups] this term only</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#92.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Social Support] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#93.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Counseling] this term only</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#94.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(counseling or counselling*):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#95.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(buddy* or buddies):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#96.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(health or medical*) near/3 check*:ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#97.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(spouse* or wife or wives or husband* or carer* or caregiver* or care giver* or significant other* or friend* or partner* or family or families or individual* or sibling* or brother* or sister* or relative or relatives or mothers* or daughters* or father* or son or sons or uncle* or aunt* or grand mother* or grandmother* or grandfather* or grand father* or aunt* or uncle* or cousin* or niece* or nephew*) near/3 (education or educate or educating or information or literature or leaflet* or booklet* or pamphlet* or website* or knowledge):ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#98.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(or #87–#97)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#99.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#27 and #86 and #98</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#100.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#27 and (#51 or #55 or #81)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#101.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#40 or #99 or #100</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3appbtab5"><div id="ch3.appb.tab5" class="table"><h3><span class="title">CINAHL (EBSCO) search terms</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab5/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.appb.tab5_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S1.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MH Palliative care</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S2.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MH Terminal care</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S3.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MH Hospice care</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S4.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI palliat* OR AB palliat*</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S5.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MW Terminally ill</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S6.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI ( terminal* or long term or longterm ) AND TI ( care* or caring or ill* )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S7.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">AB ( terminal* or long term or longterm ) AND AB ( care* or caring or ill* )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S8.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI ( dying or terminal ) AND TI ( phase* or stage* )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S9.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">AB ( dying or terminal ) AND AB ( phase* or stage* )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S10.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI life limit* OR AB life limit*</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S11.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MH Nursing homes</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S12.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI ( care or nursing ) AND TI ( home or homes )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S13.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">AB ( care or nursing ) AND AB ( home or homes )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S14.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MH Respite care</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S15.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI ( respite or day ) AND TI ( care or caring )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S16.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">AB ( respite or day ) AND AB ( care or caring )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S17.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MH Hospices</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S18.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI Hospice* OR AB Hospice*</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S19.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(MH “Patient Care Plans”)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S20.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MH Attitude to Death</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S21.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI attitude* AND TI ( death* or dying )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S22.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">AB attitude* AND AB ( death* or dying )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S23.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MH Physician-Patient Relations</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S24.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(MH “Long Term Care”)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S25.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(MH “Health Care Delivery”)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S26.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI end AND TI life OR AB end AND AB life</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S27.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI EOLC OR AB EOLC</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S28.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI ( last or final ) AND TI ( year or month ) AND TI life</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S29.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">AB ( last or final ) AND AB ( year or month ) AND AB life</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S30.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI ( dying or death ) AND TI ( patient* or person* or people or care or caring )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S31.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">AB ( dying or death ) AND AB ( patient* or person* or people or care or caring )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S32.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI advance* AND TI ( plan* or decision* or directive* )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S33.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">AB advance* AND AB ( plan* or decision* or directive* )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S34.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S1 OR S2 OR S3 OR S4 OR S5 OR S6 OR S7 OR S8 OR S9 OR S10 OR S11 OR S12 OR S13 OR S14 OR S15 OR S16 OR S17 OR S18 OR S19 OR S20 OR S21 OR S22 OR S23 OR S24 OR S25 OR S26 OR S27 OR S28 OR S29 OR S30 OR S31 OR S32 OR S33</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S35.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI commission* AND TI ( (support* or service* or model*) )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S36.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">AB commission* AND AB ( (support* or service* or model*) )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S37.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI ( service* or program* or co-ordinat* or co ordinat* or coordinat* ) AND TI ( model* or deliver* or strateg* or support* or access* or method* or system* or policies or policy or availab* )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S38.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">AB ( service* or program* or co-ordinat* or co ordinat* or coordinat* ) AND AB ( model* or deliver* or strateg* or support* or access* or method* or system* or policies or policy or availab* )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S39.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI ( critical or clinic* or service* or care ) AND TI path*</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S40.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">AB ( critical or clinic* or service* or care ) AND AB path*</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S41.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI care AND TI ( bundle* or service* or package* or standard* )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S42.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">AB care AND AB ( bundle* or service* or package* or standard* )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S43.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S35 OR S36 OR S37 OR S38 OR S39 OR S40 OR S41 OR S42</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S44.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI ( assess* or criteria* or predict* or recogni* or identif* or refer* ) OR AB ( assess* or criteria* or predict* or recogni* or identif* or refer* )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S45.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S34 AND S43 AND S44</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S46.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI gold standard* OR AB gold standard*</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S47.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S34 AND S46</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S48.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI amber AND TI bundle</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S49.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">AB amber AND AB bundle</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S50.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S48 OR S49</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S51.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S45 OR S47 OR S50</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S52.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(MH “Multidisciplinary Care Team+”)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S53.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MDT OR IDT</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S54.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((interdisciplin* or inter-disciplin* or interprofession* or inter-profession* or multidisciplin* or multi-disciplin* or multi-profession* or multiprofession* or transprofession* or trans-profession*) n2 (team* or staff* or meeting* or manag* or appointment* or system* or program* or practic* or advic* or advis* or caring or intervention* or ward* or round* or panel* or forum* or fora or communicat* or collaborat* or relat*))</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S55.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((integrat* or network*) n2 (team* or staff* or meeting* or manag* or appointment* or system* or program* or practic* or advic* or advis* or caring or intervention* or ward* or round* or panel* or forum* or fora or communicat* or collaborat* or relat*))</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S56.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI (key n2 work*) OR AB (key n2 work*)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S57.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI ( ((healthcare or care) n2 (lead or leader or leads or facilitat*)) ) OR AB ( ((healthcare or care) n2 (lead or leader or leads or facilitat*)) )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S58.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI ( ((healthcare or care) n1 profession*) ) OR AB ( ((healthcare or care) n1 profession*) )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S59.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MH Case Management</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S60.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI (case n2 manage*) OR AB (case n2 manage*)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S61.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI ( (co-ordinator* or coordinator* or coordinate* or co-ordinate*)*) ) OR AB ( (co-ordinator* or coordinator* or coordinate* or co-ordinate*) )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S62.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S52 OR S53 OR S54 OR S55 OR S56 OR S57 OR S58 OR S59 OR S60 OR S61</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S63.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(MH “Referral and Consultation+”)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S64.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI ( referral* or referred or referring or refer or refers or consult* ) OR AB ( referral* or referred or referring or refer or refers or consult* )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S65.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">TI ( recommend* or direct* ) OR AB ( recommend* or direct* )</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S66.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S63 OR S64 OR S65</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S67.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(MM “Social Welfare”)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S68.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(MH “Charities”)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S69.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(MM “Adult Day Center (Saba CCC)”) OR (MM “Housing for the Elderly”) OR (MM “Older Adult Care (Saba CCC)”)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S70.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(MH “Community Health Nursing+”) OR (MM “Community Health Centers”)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S71.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(MH “Home Health Care+”) OR (MM “Home Health Aides”) OR (MM “Home Health Care Information Systems”) OR (MM “Home Health Aide Service (Saba CCC)”)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S72.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(MM “Housing for the Elderly”) OR (MM “Rural Health Centers”) OR (MM “Community Health Centers”)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S73.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(MH “Telemedicine+”) OR (MH “Telehealth+”)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S74.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(MM “Remote Consultation”) OR (MM “Telephone Consultation (Iowa NIC)”) OR (MM “Services for Australian Rural and Remote Allied Health”)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S75.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">telehealth or tele health or virtual hospital* or helpline* or help line* or rapid response team* or senior center*</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S76.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(MM “Rural Health Personnel”) OR (MM “Mobile Health Units”)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S77.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">remote consultation</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S78.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((community based or community dwelling home or rural) n3 (care or health care or healthcare))</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S79.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">hospital-based home care or HBHC or hospital-based hospice care or acute hospital care</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S80.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((hospitali?ation* or admission* or readmission* or admit*) n3 (reduc* or avoid* or prevent* or inappropiate or increase* or risk*))</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S81.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">home based versus hospital based</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S82.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(hospital n3 (domicil* or home))</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S83.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">home hospitali?ation</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S84.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">home care service*</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S85.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(MM “Home Health Agencies”) OR (MM “Nursing Home Personnel”)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S86.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(MM “Homemaker Services”) OR (MM “Health Services for the Aged”)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S87.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(MH “Home Health Care+”) OR (MM “Home Care Equipment and Supplies”) OR (MH “Nursing Homes”) OR (MM “National Association for Home Care & Hospice”) OR (MM “Nursing Home Patients”)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S88.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">social care</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S89.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(MM “Hospitals, Community”)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S90.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(MM “Home Nursing”) OR (MM “Home Nursing, Professional”)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S91.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(nurs* n4 (home-visit* or home visit* or home-based or home based))</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S92.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((district* or communit* or home or visit*) n1 nurs*)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S93.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S67 OR S68 OR S69 OR S70 OR S71 OR S72 OR S73 OR S74 OR S75 OR S76 OR S77 OR S78 OR S79 OR S80 OR S81 OR S82 OR S83 OR S84 OR S85 OR S86 OR S87 OR S88 OR S89 OR S90 OR S91 OR S92</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S94.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S34 AND (S62 OR S66 OR S93)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S95.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S51 OR S94</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3appbtab6"><div id="ch3.appb.tab6" class="table"><h3><span class="title">PsycINFO (ProQuest) search terms</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab6/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.appb.tab6_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(ti,ab(commission* NEAR/2 (support* OR service* OR model*)) OR ((service* OR program* OR co-ordinat* OR coordinat*) NEAR/2 (model* OR deliver* OR strateg* OR support* OR access* OR method* OR system* OR policies OR policy OR availab*))) AND (SU.EXACT(“Palliative Care”) OR SU.EXACT(“Terminally Ill Patients”) OR SU.EXACT(“Hospice”) OR ti,ab(palliat*) OR ti,ab((terminal* OR long-term OR longterm) NEAR/2 (care* OR caring OR ill*)) OR ti,ab((dying OR terminal) NEAR/1 (phase* OR stage*)) OR ti,ab(life-limit*) OR SU.EXACT(“Nursing Homes”) OR ti,ab((care OR nursing) NEAR/2 (home OR homes)) OR SU.EXACT(“Respite Care”) OR ti,ab((respite OR day) NEAR/2 (care OR caring)) OR ti,ab(hospice*) OR MJSUB.EXACT(“Treatment Planning”) OR MJSUB.EXACT(“Continuum of Care”) OR ti,ab((advance* OR patient*) NEAR/3 (care OR caring) NEAR/3 (continu* OR plan*)) OR MJSUB.EXACT(“Long Term Care”) OR ti,ab(attitude* NEAR/3 (death* OR dying*)) OR ti,ab(end NEAR/2 life) OR ti,ab(EOLC) OR ti,ab((last OR final) NEAR/2 (year OR month*) NEAR/2 life) OR ti,ab((dying OR death) NEAR/2 (patient* OR person* OR people OR care OR caring)))</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Adolescence (13–17 Yrs), Adulthood (18 Yrs & Older), Aged (65 Yrs & Older), Middle Age (40–64 Yrs), Thirties (30–39 Yrs), Very Old (85 Yrs & Older), Young Adulthood (18–29 Yrs)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 and 2</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">4.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Conference Proceedings, Journal Article, Peer Reviewed Journal</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">5.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3 and 4</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3appbtab7"><div id="ch3.appb.tab7" class="table"><h3><span class="title">HMIC (Ovid) search terms</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab7/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.appb.tab7_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp End of life care/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(terminal* adj ill*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((dying or terminal) adj (phase* or stage*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">4.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">life limit*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">5.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(end adj2 life).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">6.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">EOLC.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">7.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((last or final) adj2 (year or month*) adj2 life).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">8.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((dying or death) adj2 (patient* or person* or people or care or caring)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">9.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/2–8</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">10.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(exp child/ or exp Paediatrics/ or exp infant/) not (exp adolescent/ or exp adult/ or exp middle age/ or exp older people/)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">11.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">9 not 10</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">12.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">limit 11 to English</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">13.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">limit 12 to (audiovis or book or chapter dh helmis or circular or microfiche dh helmis or multimedias or website)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">14.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">limit 12 to (audiocass or books or cdrom or chapter or dept pubs or diskettes or folio pamp or “map” or marc or microfiche or multimedia or pamphlet or parly or press or press rel or thesis or trustdoc or video or videos or website)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">15.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">13 or 14</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">16.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">12 not 15</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">17.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">euthanasia/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">18.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">euthanasia.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">19.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">17 or 18</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">20.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">16 not 19</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3appbtab8"><div id="ch3.appb.tab8" class="table"><h3><span class="title">SPP (Ovid) search terms</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab8/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.appb.tab8_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">1.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">palliat*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">2.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">((dying or terminal) adj (phase* or stage*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">3.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">life limit*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">4.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">hospice*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">5.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">(advance* adj2 (plan* or decision* or directive*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">6.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">living will*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">7.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">((advance* or patient*) adj3 (care or caring) adj3 (continu* or plan*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">8.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">(attitude* adj3 (death* or dying*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">9.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">(end adj2 life).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">10.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">EOLC.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">11.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">((last or final) adj2 (year or month*) adj2 life).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">12.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">((dying or death) adj2 (patient* or person* or people or care or caring)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">13.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">(nursing adj2 (home or homes)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">14.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">(terminal* adj2 ill*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">15.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">(respite adj2 (care or caring)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">16.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">or/1–15</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">17.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">(child* or infant*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">18.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">(adult* or adolescent*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">19.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">17 not 18</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">20.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">16 not 19</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">21.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">limit 20 to (journal or journal article or online resource or online report or report)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3appbtab9"><div id="ch3.appb.tab9" class="table"><h3><span class="title">ASSIA (ProQuest) search terms</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab9/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.appb.tab9_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">palliat*.ti,ab. ((ti,ab(commission* N/2 (support* or service* or model*)) OR ti,ab((service* or program* or co-ordinat* or coordinat*) N/2 (model* or deliver* or strateg* or support* or access* or method* or system* or policies or policy or availab*))) AND ((SU.EXACT(“Care” OR “Clinical nursing” OR “Community homes” OR “Community nursery nursing” OR “Community nursing” OR “Compassionate care” OR “Continuing care” OR “District nursing” OR “Family centred care” OR “Geriatric wards” OR “Group care” OR “Health visiting” OR “Home care” OR “Home from home care” OR “Home health aides” OR “Home helps” OR “Hospices” OR “Hostel wards” OR “Informal care” OR “Integrated care pathways” OR “Intentional care” OR “Intermediate care” OR “Intermediate care centres” OR “Lack of care” OR “Learning disability nursing” OR “Length of stay” OR “Liaison nursing” OR “Long stay wards” OR “Long term care” OR “Long term home care” OR “Long term residential care” OR “Nurse led care” OR “Nursing” OR “Occupational health nursing” OR “Ontological care” OR “Out of home care” OR “Outreach nursing” OR “Palliative care” OR “Paranursing” OR “Pastoral care” OR “Patient care” OR “Primary nursing” OR “Private residential care” OR “Process centred care” OR “Quality of care” OR “Radical health visiting” OR “Residential care” OR “Residential group care” OR “Respite care” OR “Shared care” OR “Social care” “Temporary care” OR “Terminal care” OR “Wards”) OR (SU.EXACT(“Terminally ill elderly people”) OR SU.EXACT(“Terminally ill fathers”) OR SU.EXACT(“Terminally ill elderly men”) OR SU.EXACT(“Terminally ill elderly women”) OR SU.EXACT(“Terminally ill young adults”) OR SU.EXACT(“Terminally ill parents”) OR SU.EXACT(“Terminally ill women”) OR SU.EXACT(“Terminally ill widowed sisters”) OR SU.EXACT(“Terminally ill colleagues”) OR SU.EXACT(“Terminally ill young girls”) OR SU.EXACT(“Terminally ill people”) OR SU.EXACT(“Terminally ill men”)) OR SU.EXACT(“Advance directives” OR “Do not resuscitate orders” OR “Durable power of attorney for health care” OR “Living wills” OR “Treatment preferences” OR “Treatment needs”)) OR (ti,ab((advance* or patient*) N/3 (care or caring) N/3 (continu* or plan*)) or ti,ab(attitude* N/3 (death* or dying*)) or ti,ab(end N/2 life) or ti,ab(EOLC) or ti,ab((last or final) N/2 (year or month*) N/2 life) or ti,ab((dying or death) N/2 (patient* or person* or people or care or caring))))) OR SU.EXACT(“End of life decisions”)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3appbtab10"><div id="ch3.appb.tab10" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 21</span><span class="title">Database date parameters and filters used</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab10/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.appb.tab10_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Database</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab10_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Dates searched</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Search filter used</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Medline</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab10_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2014 – 04 January 2019</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Exclusions</p>
|
|
<p>Health economics studies</p>
|
|
<p>Health economics modelling studies</p>
|
|
<p>Quality of life studies</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Embase</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab10_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2014 – 04 January 2019</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Exclusions</p>
|
|
<p>Health economics studies</p>
|
|
<p>Health economics modelling studies</p>
|
|
<p>Quality of life studies</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Centre for Research and Dissemination (CRD)</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab10_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>HTA - Inception – 04 January 2019</p>
|
|
<p>NHSEED - Inception to March 2015</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appb.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">None</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3appbtab11"><div id="ch3.appb.tab11" class="table"><h3><span class="title">Medline (Ovid) search terms</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab11/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.appb.tab11_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Palliative care/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Terminal care/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hospice care/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">4.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">palliat*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">5.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Terminally Ill/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">6.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((terminal* or long term or longterm) adj2 (care* or caring or ill*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">7.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((dying or terminal) adj (phase* or stage*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">8.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">life limit*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">9.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Nursing Homes/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">10.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((care or nursing) adj2 (home or homes)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">11.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Respite Care/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">12.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((respite or day) adj2 (care or caring)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">13.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hospices/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">14.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">hospice*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">15.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Advance Care Planning/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">16.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(advance* adj2 (plan* or decision* or directive*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">17.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">living will*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">18.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Patient care planning/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">19.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*“Continuity of Patient Care”/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">20.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((advance* or patient*) adj3 (care or caring) adj3 (continu* or plan*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">21.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Attitude to Death/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">22.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(attitude* adj3 (death* or dying*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">23.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Physician-Patient Relations/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">24.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Long-Term Care/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">25.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*“Delivery of Health Care”/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">26.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(end adj2 life).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">27.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">EOLC.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">28.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((last or final) adj2 (year or month*) adj2 life).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">29.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((dying or death) adj2 (patient* or person* or people or care or caring)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">30.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/1–29</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">31.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">letter/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">32.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">editorial/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">33.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">news/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">34.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp historical article/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">35.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anecdotes as Topic/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">36.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">comment/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">37.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">case report/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">38.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(letter or comment*).ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">39.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/31–38</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">40.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomized controlled trial/ or random*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">41.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">39 not 40</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">42.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">animals/ not humans/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">43.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Animals, Laboratory/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">44.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Animal Experimentation/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">45.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Models, Animal/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">46.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Rodentia/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">47.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(rat or rats or mouse or mice).ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">48.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/41–47</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">49.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">30 not 48</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">50.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">limit 49 to English language</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">51.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(exp child/ or exp pediatrics/ or exp infant/) not (exp adolescent/ or exp adult/ or exp middle age/ or exp aged/)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">52.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">50 not 51</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">53.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">economics/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">54.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">value of life/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">55.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp “costs and cost analysis”/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">56.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Economics, Hospital/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">57.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Economics, medical/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">58.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Economics, nursing/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">59.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">economics, pharmaceutical/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">60.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp “Fees and Charges”/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">61.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp budgets/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">62.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">budget*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">63.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">cost*.ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">64.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(economic* or pharmaco?economic*).ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">65.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(price* or pricing*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">66.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(cost* adj2 (effectiv* or utilit* or benefit* or minimi* or unit* or estimat* or variable*)).ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">67.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(financ* or fee or fees).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">68.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(value adj2 (money or monetary)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">69.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/53–68</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">70.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp models, economic/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">71.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Models, Theoretical/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">72.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Models, Organizational/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">73.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">markov chains/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">74.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">monte carlo method/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">75.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Decision Theory/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">76.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(markov* or monte carlo).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">77.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">econom* model*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">78.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(decision* adj2 (tree* or analy* or model*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">79.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/70–78</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">80.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">quality-adjusted life years/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">81.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">sickness impact profile/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">82.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(quality adj2 (wellbeing or well being)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">83.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">sickness impact profile.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">84.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">disability adjusted life.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">85.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(qal* or qtime* or qwb* or daly*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">86.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(euroqol* or eq5d* or eq 5*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">87.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(qol* or hql* or hqol* or h qol* or hrqol* or hr qol*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">88.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(health utility* or utility score* or disutilit* or utility value*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">89.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(hui or hui1 or hui2 or hui3).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">90.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(health* year* equivalent* or hye or hyes).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">91.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">discrete choice*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">92.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">rosser.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">93.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(willingness to pay or time tradeoff or time trade off or tto or standard gamble*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">94.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf36* or sf 36* or short form 36* or shortform 36* or shortform36*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">95.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf20 or sf 20 or short form 20 or shortform 20 or shortform20).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">96.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf12* or sf 12* or short form 12* or shortform 12* or shortform12*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">97.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf8* or sf 8* or short form 8* or shortform 8* or shortform8*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">98.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf6* or sf 6* or short form 6* or shortform 6* or shortform6*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">99.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/80–98</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">100.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">52 and (69 or 79 or 99)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3appbtab12"><div id="ch3.appb.tab12" class="table"><h3><span class="title">Embase (Ovid) search terms</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab12/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.appb.tab12_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Palliative therapy/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Terminal care/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Hospice care/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">4.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">palliat*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">5.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Terminally ill patient/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">6.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((terminal* or long term or longterm) adj2 (care* or caring or ill*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">7.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((dying or terminal) adj (phase* or stage*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">8.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">life limit*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">9.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Nursing home/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">10.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((care or nursing) adj2 (home or homes)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">11.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Respite Care/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">12.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((respite or day) adj2 (care or caring)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">13.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Hospice/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">14.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">hospice*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">15.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Patient care planning/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">16.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(advance* adj2 (plan* or decision* or directive*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">17.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">living will*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">18.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Patient care/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">19.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((advance* or patient*) adj3 (care or caring) adj3 (continu* or plan*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">20.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Attitude to Death/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">21.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(attitude* adj3 (death* or dying*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">22.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Doctor patient relation/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">23.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Long term care/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">24.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*Health care delivery/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">25.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(end adj2 life).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">26.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">EOLC.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">27.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((last or final) adj2 (year or month*) adj2 life).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">28.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((dying or death) adj2 (patient* or person* or people or care or caring)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">29.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/1–28</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">30.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">letter.pt. or letter/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">31.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">note.pt.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">32.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">editorial.pt.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">33.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">case report/ or case study/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">34.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(letter or comment*).ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">35.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/30–34</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">36.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomized controlled trial/ or random*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">37.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">35 not 36</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">38.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">animal/ not human/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">39.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">nonhuman/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">40.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Animal Experiment/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">41.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Experimental Animal/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">42.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">animal model/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">43.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Rodent/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">44.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(rat or rats or mouse or mice).ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">45.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/37–44</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">46.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">29 not 45</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">47.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">limit 46 to English language</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">48.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(exp child/ or exp pediatrics/ or exp infant/) not (exp adolescent/ or exp adult/ or exp middle age/ or exp aged/)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">49.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">47 not 48</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">50.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">health economics/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">51.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp economic evaluation/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">52.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp health care cost/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">53.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp fee/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">54.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">budget/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">55.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">funding/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">56.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">budget*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">57.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">cost*.ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">58.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(economic* or pharmaco?economic*).ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">59.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(price* or pricing*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">60.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(cost* adj2 (effectiv* or utilit* or benefit* or minimi* or unit* or estimat* or variable*)).ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">61.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(financ* or fee or fees).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">62.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(value adj2 (money or monetary)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">63.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/50–62</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">64.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">statistical model/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">65.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp economic aspect/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">66.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">64 and 65</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">67.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*theoretical model/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">68.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">*nonbiological model/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">69.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">stochastic model/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">70.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">decision theory/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">71.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">decision tree/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">72.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">monte carlo method/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">73.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(markov* or monte carlo).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">74.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">econom* model*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">75.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(decision* adj2 (tree* or analy* or model*)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">76.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/66–75</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">77.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">quality-adjusted life years/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">78.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">“quality of life index”/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">79.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">short form 12/ or short form 20/ or short form 36/ or short form 8/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">80.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">sickness impact profile/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">81.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(quality adj2 (wellbeing or well being)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">82.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">sickness impact profile.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">83.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">disability adjusted life.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">84.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(qal* or qtime* or qwb* or daly*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">85.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(euroqol* or eq5d* or eq 5*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">86.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(qol* or hql* or hqol* or h qol* or hrqol* or hr qol*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">87.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(health utility* or utility score* or disutilit* or utility value*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">88.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(hui or hui1 or hui2 or hui3).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">89.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(health* year* equivalent* or hye or hyes).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">90.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">discrete choice*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">91.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">rosser.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">92.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(willingness to pay or time tradeoff or time trade off or tto or standard gamble*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">93.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf36* or sf 36* or short form 36* or shortform 36* or shortform36*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">94.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf20 or sf 20 or short form 20 or shortform 20 or shortform20).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">95.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf12* or sf 12* or short form 12* or shortform 12* or shortform12*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">96.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf8* or sf 8* or short form 8* or shortform 8* or shortform8*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">97.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf6* or sf 6* or short form 6* or shortform 6* or shortform6*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">98.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/77–97</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">99.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">49 and (63 or 76 or 98)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3appbtab13"><div id="ch3.appb.tab13" class="table"><h3><span class="title">NHS EED and HTA (CRD) search terms</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appb.tab13/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.appb.tab13_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#1.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH DESCRIPTOR Palliative Care IN NHSEED,HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#2.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH DESCRIPTOR Terminal Care IN NHSEED,HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#3.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH DESCRIPTOR Hospice Care IN NHSEED,HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#4.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(palliat*) IN NHSEED, HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#5.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH DESCRIPTOR Terminally Ill IN NHSEED,HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#6.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(((terminal* or long term or longterm) adj2 (care* or caring or ill*))) IN NHSEED, HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#7.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(((dying or terminal) adj (phase* or stage*))) IN NHSEED, HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#8.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(life limit*) IN NHSEED, HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#9.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH DESCRIPTOR Nursing Homes IN NHSEED,HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#10.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(((care or nursing) adj2 (home or homes))) IN NHSEED, HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#11.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH DESCRIPTOR Respite Care IN NHSEED,HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#12.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(((respite or day) adj2 (care or caring))) IN NHSEED, HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#13.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH DESCRIPTOR Hospices IN NHSEED,HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#14.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(hospice*) IN NHSEED, HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#15.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH DESCRIPTOR Advance Care Planning EXPLODE ALL TREES IN NHSEED,HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#16.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((advance* adj2 (plan* or decision* or directive*))) IN NHSEED, HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#17.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(living will*) IN NHSEED, HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#18.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH DESCRIPTOR Patient Care Planning IN NHSEED,HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#19.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH DESCRIPTOR Continuity of Patient Care IN NHSEED,HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#20.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(((advance* or patient*) adj3 (care or caring) adj3 (continu* or plan*))) IN NHSEED, HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#21.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH DESCRIPTOR Attitude to Death IN NHSEED,HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#22.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((attitude* adj3 (death* or dying*))) IN NHSEED, HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#23.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH DESCRIPTOR Physician-Patient Relations IN NHSEED,HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#24.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH DESCRIPTOR Long-Term Care IN NHSEED,HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#25.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH DESCRIPTOR Delivery of Health Care IN NHSEED,HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#26.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">((end adj2 life)) IN NHSEED, HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#27.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(EOLC) IN NHSEED, HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#28.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(((last or final) adj2 (year or month*) adj2 life)) IN NHSEED, HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#29.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(((dying or death) adj2 (patient* or person* or people or care or caring))) IN NHSEED, HTA</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#30.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#1 OR #2 OR #3 OR #4 OR #5 OR #6 OR #7 OR #8 OR #9 OR #10 OR #11 OR #12 OR #13 OR #14 OR #15 OR #16 OR #17 OR #18 OR #19 OR #20 OR #21 OR #22 OR #23 OR #24 OR #25 OR #26 OR #27 OR #28 OR #29</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#31.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(#30) IN NHSEED</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#32.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(#30) IN HTA</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch3appcfig1"><div id="ch3.appc.fig1" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%201.%20Flow%20chart%20of%20qualitative%20study%20selection%20for%20the%20review%20of%20what%20are%20the%20barriers%20and%20facilitators%20the%20initial%20access%20to%2C%20and%20planning%20of%20end%20of%20life%20care%20services%3F&p=BOOKS&id=558767_ch3appcf1.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK558767/bin/ch3appcf1.jpg" alt="Figure 1. Flow chart of qualitative study selection for the review of what are the barriers and facilitators the initial access to, and planning of end of life care services?" class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 1</span><span class="title">Flow chart of qualitative study selection for the review of what are the barriers and facilitators the initial access to, and planning of end of life care services?</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobch3appcfig2"><div id="ch3.appc.fig2" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%202.%20Flow%20chart%20of%20health%20economic%20study%20selection%20for%20the%20guideline.&p=BOOKS&id=558767_ch3appcf2.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK558767/bin/ch3appcf2.jpg" alt="Figure 2. Flow chart of health economic study selection for the guideline." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 2</span><span class="title">Flow chart of health economic study selection for the guideline</span></h3><div class="caption"><p>* Non-relevant population, intervention, comparison, design or setting; non-English language</p></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobch3appftab1"><div id="ch3.appf.tab1" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 22</span><span class="title">Studies excluded from the qualitative review</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK558767/table/ch3.appf.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__ch3.appf.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Reference</th><th id="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Reason for exclusion</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Aasmul 2018<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref1" rid="ch3.ref1"><sup>1</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Abba 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref2" rid="ch3.ref2"><sup>2</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Abel 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref3" rid="ch3.ref3"><sup>3</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Abrahamson 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref4" rid="ch3.ref4"><sup>4</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Adam 2000<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref5" rid="ch3.ref5"><sup>5</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Adam 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref6" rid="ch3.ref6"><sup>6</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Addington-Hall 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref7" rid="ch3.ref7"><sup>7</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Agnew 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref8" rid="ch3.ref8"><sup>8</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ahluwalia 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref9" rid="ch3.ref9"><sup>9</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ahmed 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref10" rid="ch3.ref10"><sup>10</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ahmedzai 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref11" rid="ch3.ref11"><sup>11</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ahrens 2003<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref12" rid="ch3.ref12"><sup>12</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Albizu-Rivera 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref13" rid="ch3.ref13"><sup>13</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Allen 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref14" rid="ch3.ref14"><sup>14</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Allen 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref15" rid="ch3.ref15"><sup>15</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Almuzaini 1998<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref16" rid="ch3.ref16"><sup>16</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Amador 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref18" rid="ch3.ref18"><sup>18</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Amati 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref19" rid="ch3.ref19"><sup>19</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ammari 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref20" rid="ch3.ref20"><sup>20</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ampe 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref21" rid="ch3.ref21"><sup>21</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ampe 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref22" rid="ch3.ref22"><sup>22</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anderson 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref23" rid="ch3.ref23"><sup>23</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Andreassen 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref24" rid="ch3.ref24"><sup>24</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Andrews 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref25" rid="ch3.ref25"><sup>25</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ang 1999<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref27" rid="ch3.ref27"><sup>27</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ang 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref26" rid="ch3.ref26"><sup>26</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ankuda 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref28" rid="ch3.ref28"><sup>28</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anonymous 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref54" rid="ch3.ref54"><sup>54</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Aoki 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref29" rid="ch3.ref29"><sup>29</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Aoun 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref32" rid="ch3.ref32"><sup>32</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Aoun 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref30" rid="ch3.ref30"><sup>30</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Aoun 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref31" rid="ch3.ref31"><sup>31</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Arendts 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref33" rid="ch3.ref33"><sup>33</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Arias Rojas 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref34" rid="ch3.ref34"><sup>34</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Asgeirsdottir 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref35" rid="ch3.ref35"><sup>35</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ashley 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref36" rid="ch3.ref36"><sup>36</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ashworth 2000<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref37" rid="ch3.ref37"><sup>37</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Asprey 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref38" rid="ch3.ref38"><sup>38</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Auret 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref39" rid="ch3.ref39"><sup>39</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Avis 1999<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref40" rid="ch3.ref40"><sup>40</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Azami-Aghdash 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref41" rid="ch3.ref41"><sup>41</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Back 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref42" rid="ch3.ref42"><sup>42</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Back 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref43" rid="ch3.ref43"><sup>43</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Bailey 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref45" rid="ch3.ref45"><sup>45</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Bailey 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref44" rid="ch3.ref44"><sup>44</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Bainbridge 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref47" rid="ch3.ref47"><sup>47</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Bainbridge 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref46" rid="ch3.ref46"><sup>46</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Bakitas 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref49" rid="ch3.ref49"><sup>49</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Balboni 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref50" rid="ch3.ref50"><sup>50</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Barbera 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref52" rid="ch3.ref52"><sup>52</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Barnes 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref53" rid="ch3.ref53"><sup>53</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Bass 1984<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref55" rid="ch3.ref55"><sup>55</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Baughman 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref56" rid="ch3.ref56"><sup>56</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Beattie 1998<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref57" rid="ch3.ref57"><sup>57</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Beaver 1999<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref58" rid="ch3.ref58"><sup>58</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Beccaro 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref60" rid="ch3.ref60"><sup>60</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Beccaro 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref59" rid="ch3.ref59"><sup>59</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Beck 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref61" rid="ch3.ref61"><sup>61</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Becker 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref62" rid="ch3.ref62"><sup>62</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Beernaert 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref63" rid="ch3.ref63"><sup>63</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Beernaert 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref64" rid="ch3.ref64"><sup>64</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Bekelman 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref65" rid="ch3.ref65"><sup>65</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Belisomo 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref66" rid="ch3.ref66"><sup>66</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Bergman-Evans 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref68" rid="ch3.ref68"><sup>68</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Bernal 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref69" rid="ch3.ref69"><sup>69</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Bertain 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref70" rid="ch3.ref70"><sup>70</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Betz 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref71" rid="ch3.ref71"><sup>71</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Black 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref72" rid="ch3.ref72"><sup>72</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Black 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref73" rid="ch3.ref73"><sup>73</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Blackwell 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref74" rid="ch3.ref74"><sup>74</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Bodner 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref75" rid="ch3.ref75"><sup>75</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Boersma 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref76" rid="ch3.ref76"><sup>76</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Bone 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref77" rid="ch3.ref77"><sup>77</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Boot 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref78" rid="ch3.ref78"><sup>78</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Boucher 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref79" rid="ch3.ref79"><sup>79</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Boyd 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref80" rid="ch3.ref80"><sup>80</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Brackley 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref81" rid="ch3.ref81"><sup>81</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Bradley 1997<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref83" rid="ch3.ref83"><sup>83</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Bradley 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref82" rid="ch3.ref82"><sup>82</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Bradley 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref84" rid="ch3.ref84"><sup>84</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Bray 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref85" rid="ch3.ref85"><sup>85</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Brazil 2003<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref88" rid="ch3.ref88"><sup>88</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Brazil 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref89" rid="ch3.ref89"><sup>89</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Brazil 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref87" rid="ch3.ref87"><sup>87</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Brazil 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref86" rid="ch3.ref86"><sup>86</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Brenner 1997<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref90" rid="ch3.ref90"><sup>90</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Bridge 2002<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref91" rid="ch3.ref91"><sup>91</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Brinkman-Stoppelenburg 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref93" rid="ch3.ref93"><sup>93</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Bristowe 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref95" rid="ch3.ref95"><sup>95</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Bristowe 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref94" rid="ch3.ref94"><sup>94</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Brooke 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref96" rid="ch3.ref96"><sup>96</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Brooks 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref97" rid="ch3.ref97"><sup>97</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Broom 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref98" rid="ch3.ref98"><sup>98</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Browne 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref99" rid="ch3.ref99"><sup>99</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Buecken 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref100" rid="ch3.ref100"><sup>100</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Burchardi 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref101" rid="ch3.ref101"><sup>101</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Bussmann 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref102" rid="ch3.ref102"><sup>102</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Byrne 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref104" rid="ch3.ref104"><sup>104</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Byrne 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref103" rid="ch3.ref103"><sup>103</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Cagle 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref105" rid="ch3.ref105"><sup>105</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Callahan 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref106" rid="ch3.ref106"><sup>106</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Cameron 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref107" rid="ch3.ref107"><sup>107</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Candrian 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref108" rid="ch3.ref108"><sup>108</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mixed population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Cantor 2003<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref109" rid="ch3.ref109"><sup>109</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Carabez 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref110" rid="ch3.ref110"><sup>110</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Carduff 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref111" rid="ch3.ref111"><sup>111</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Carey 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref112" rid="ch3.ref112"><sup>112</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Carlsson 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref113" rid="ch3.ref113"><sup>113</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Caron 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref114" rid="ch3.ref114"><sup>114</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Carr 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref115" rid="ch3.ref115"><sup>115</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Carr 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref116" rid="ch3.ref116"><sup>116</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Carrero Planes 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref117" rid="ch3.ref117"><sup>117</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not English Language</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Cartwright 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref119" rid="ch3.ref119"><sup>119</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Cartwright 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref118" rid="ch3.ref118"><sup>118</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Casarett 2003<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref123" rid="ch3.ref123"><sup>123</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Casarett 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref120" rid="ch3.ref120"><sup>120</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Casarett 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref122" rid="ch3.ref122"><sup>122</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Casarett 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref121" rid="ch3.ref121"><sup>121</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Cervantes 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref124" rid="ch3.ref124"><sup>124</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Chambaere 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref125" rid="ch3.ref125"><sup>125</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Chan 2000<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref126" rid="ch3.ref126"><sup>126</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Chandran 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref127" rid="ch3.ref127"><sup>127</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Chang 1992<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref129" rid="ch3.ref129"><sup>129</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Chang 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref128" rid="ch3.ref128"><sup>128</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Cherin 2000<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref130" rid="ch3.ref130"><sup>130</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Chiao 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref131" rid="ch3.ref131"><sup>131</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Chini 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref132" rid="ch3.ref132"><sup>132</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Chirgwin 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref133" rid="ch3.ref133"><sup>133</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Chong 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref135" rid="ch3.ref135"><sup>135</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Chong 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref134" rid="ch3.ref134"><sup>134</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ciemins 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref136" rid="ch3.ref136"><sup>136</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Claessen 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref137" rid="ch3.ref137"><sup>137</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Clark 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref138" rid="ch3.ref138"><sup>138</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Claxton-Oldfield 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref139" rid="ch3.ref139"><sup>139</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Clayton 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref141" rid="ch3.ref141"><sup>141</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate comparison</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Clayton 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref140" rid="ch3.ref140"><sup>140</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Clements 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref142" rid="ch3.ref142"><sup>142</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Cohen 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref145" rid="ch3.ref145"><sup>145</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Cohen 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref144" rid="ch3.ref144"><sup>144</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Cohen-Mansfield 2003<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref143" rid="ch3.ref143"><sup>143</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Collier 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref147" rid="ch3.ref147"><sup>147</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Collier 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref146" rid="ch3.ref146"><sup>146</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Collins 1994<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref148" rid="ch3.ref148"><sup>148</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Collins 1998<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref150" rid="ch3.ref150"><sup>150</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Collins 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref149" rid="ch3.ref149"><sup>149</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Collins 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref152" rid="ch3.ref152"><sup>152</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Collins 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref151" rid="ch3.ref151"><sup>151</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Colman 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref153" rid="ch3.ref153"><sup>153</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Connell 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref154" rid="ch3.ref154"><sup>154</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Conner 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref155" rid="ch3.ref155"><sup>155</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Coombs 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref156" rid="ch3.ref156"><sup>156</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Cornally 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref158" rid="ch3.ref158"><sup>158</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Cornetta 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref159" rid="ch3.ref159"><sup>159</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Correa-Casado 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref160" rid="ch3.ref160"><sup>160</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not English language</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Cortis 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref161" rid="ch3.ref161"><sup>161</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Cramm 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref162" rid="ch3.ref162"><sup>162</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Crawford 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref163" rid="ch3.ref163"><sup>163</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Crofford 1980<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref164" rid="ch3.ref164"><sup>164</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Unable to locate</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Crooks 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref165" rid="ch3.ref165"><sup>165</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Cruz-Oliver 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref166" rid="ch3.ref166"><sup>166</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Csikai 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref167" rid="ch3.ref167"><sup>167</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Csikos 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref169" rid="ch3.ref169"><sup>169</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Cui 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref170" rid="ch3.ref170"><sup>170</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Currow 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref171" rid="ch3.ref171"><sup>171</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Curtis 2000<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref172" rid="ch3.ref172"><sup>172</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Curtis 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref173" rid="ch3.ref173"><sup>173</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Curtis 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref174" rid="ch3.ref174"><sup>174</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">da Silva 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref175" rid="ch3.ref175"><sup>175</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not English language</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Dahm 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref176" rid="ch3.ref176"><sup>176</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Dalgaard 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref177" rid="ch3.ref177"><sup>177</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Dalisay-Gallardo 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref178" rid="ch3.ref178"><sup>178</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Unable to locate</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Danis 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref179" rid="ch3.ref179"><sup>179</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Daveson 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref180" rid="ch3.ref180"><sup>180</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Davies 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref181" rid="ch3.ref181"><sup>181</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Davies 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref182" rid="ch3.ref182"><sup>182</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Davison 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref184" rid="ch3.ref184"><sup>184</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">De Gendt 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref185" rid="ch3.ref185"><sup>185</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">De Graaff 2003<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref186" rid="ch3.ref186"><sup>186</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">de Graaff 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref187" rid="ch3.ref187"><sup>187</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">de Graaff 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref188" rid="ch3.ref188"><sup>188</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">de Veer 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref189" rid="ch3.ref189"><sup>189</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">De Vleminck 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref190" rid="ch3.ref190"><sup>190</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">De Vleminck 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref191" rid="ch3.ref191"><sup>191</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Deeg 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref192" rid="ch3.ref192"><sup>192</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Demiglio 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref193" rid="ch3.ref193"><sup>193</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Demiris 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref194" rid="ch3.ref194"><sup>194</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">den Herder 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref196" rid="ch3.ref196"><sup>196</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">den Herder 2018<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref195" rid="ch3.ref195"><sup>195</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Dening 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref197" rid="ch3.ref197"><sup>197</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Dening 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref198" rid="ch3.ref198"><sup>198</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Denvir 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref199" rid="ch3.ref199"><sup>199</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Desai 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref200" rid="ch3.ref200"><sup>200</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Dev 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref202" rid="ch3.ref202"><sup>202</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Dev 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref201" rid="ch3.ref201"><sup>201</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Dickinson 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref203" rid="ch3.ref203"><sup>203</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Dillon 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref204" rid="ch3.ref204"><sup>204</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Dionne-Odom 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref205" rid="ch3.ref205"><sup>205</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Diwan 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref206" rid="ch3.ref206"><sup>206</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Docherty 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref207" rid="ch3.ref207"><sup>207</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Donnelly 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref208" rid="ch3.ref208"><sup>208</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Douglas 2002<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref209" rid="ch3.ref209"><sup>209</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Dow 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref210" rid="ch3.ref210"><sup>210</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Drach 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref806" rid="ch3.ref806"><sup>806</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Dube 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref211" rid="ch3.ref211"><sup>211</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Duffy 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref212" rid="ch3.ref212"><sup>212</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Duggleby 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref213" rid="ch3.ref213"><sup>213</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Dulko 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref214" rid="ch3.ref214"><sup>214</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Dumanovsky 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref215" rid="ch3.ref215"><sup>215</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Dunn 1996<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref216" rid="ch3.ref216"><sup>216</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Dyche 2003<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref217" rid="ch3.ref217"><sup>217</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Early 2000<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref218" rid="ch3.ref218"><sup>218</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Easterbrook 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref219" rid="ch3.ref219"><sup>219</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Edwards 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref220" rid="ch3.ref220"><sup>220</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ehrlich 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref221" rid="ch3.ref221"><sup>221</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ekberg 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref222" rid="ch3.ref222"><sup>222</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Elkington 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref224" rid="ch3.ref224"><sup>224</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ellis 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref225" rid="ch3.ref225"><sup>225</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ellison 2002<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref226" rid="ch3.ref226"><sup>226</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Elpern 1993<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref227" rid="ch3.ref227"><sup>227</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Emanuel 1999<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref228" rid="ch3.ref228"><sup>228</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Emanuel 2000<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref229" rid="ch3.ref229"><sup>229</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Emlet 1993<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref230" rid="ch3.ref230"><sup>230</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Endacott 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref231" rid="ch3.ref231"><sup>231</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Enguidanos 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref232" rid="ch3.ref232"><sup>232</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Erel 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref235" rid="ch3.ref235"><sup>235</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Erlen 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref236" rid="ch3.ref236"><sup>236</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Esteves 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref237" rid="ch3.ref237"><sup>237</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Evans 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref238" rid="ch3.ref238"><sup>238</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ewing 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref241" rid="ch3.ref241"><sup>241</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ewing 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref239" rid="ch3.ref239"><sup>239</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ewing 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref240" rid="ch3.ref240"><sup>240</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Exley 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref243" rid="ch3.ref243"><sup>243</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Exley 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref242" rid="ch3.ref242"><sup>242</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Fairbrother 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref244" rid="ch3.ref244"><sup>244</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Fakhoury 1996<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref245" rid="ch3.ref245"><sup>245</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Farber 2003<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref246" rid="ch3.ref246"><sup>246</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Faull 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref247" rid="ch3.ref247"><sup>247</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Feeg 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref248" rid="ch3.ref248"><sup>248</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Fetherstonhaugh 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref249" rid="ch3.ref249"><sup>249</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Field 1998<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref250" rid="ch3.ref250"><sup>250</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Finkelstein 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref251" rid="ch3.ref251"><sup>251</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Fishman 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref252" rid="ch3.ref252"><sup>252</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Fitzsimons 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref253" rid="ch3.ref253"><sup>253</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Flock 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref254" rid="ch3.ref254"><sup>254</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Flynn 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref255" rid="ch3.ref255"><sup>255</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Foebel 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref256" rid="ch3.ref256"><sup>256</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Formiga 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref257" rid="ch3.ref257"><sup>257</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Fosse 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref258" rid="ch3.ref258"><sup>258</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not enough study details</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Foti 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref259" rid="ch3.ref259"><sup>259</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Frey 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref260" rid="ch3.ref260"><sup>260</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Frey 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref261" rid="ch3.ref261"><sup>261</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Freytag 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref262" rid="ch3.ref262"><sup>262</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Fridriksdottir 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref263" rid="ch3.ref263"><sup>263</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Fried 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref264" rid="ch3.ref264"><sup>264</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Froggatt 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref265" rid="ch3.ref265"><sup>265</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Frost 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref266" rid="ch3.ref266"><sup>266</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Funk 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref267" rid="ch3.ref267"><sup>267</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Gardiner 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref268" rid="ch3.ref268"><sup>268</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Garland 1984<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref269" rid="ch3.ref269"><sup>269</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Garner 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref270" rid="ch3.ref270"><sup>270</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Garrouste-Orgeas 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref271" rid="ch3.ref271"><sup>271</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Gaudio 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref272" rid="ch3.ref272"><sup>272</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Giesbrecht 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref275" rid="ch3.ref275"><sup>275</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Giesbrecht 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref274" rid="ch3.ref274"><sup>274</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Gilissen 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref276" rid="ch3.ref276"><sup>276</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Gill 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref277" rid="ch3.ref277"><sup>277</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Glaudemans 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref278" rid="ch3.ref278"><sup>278</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Glogowska 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref279" rid="ch3.ref279"><sup>279</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Godkin 2002<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref280" rid="ch3.ref280"><sup>280</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not peer reviewed</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Goff 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref281" rid="ch3.ref281"><sup>281</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Gomes 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref282" rid="ch3.ref282"><sup>282</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Goodwin 2002<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref283" rid="ch3.ref283"><sup>283</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Gordon 1996<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref284" rid="ch3.ref284"><sup>284</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Gordon 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref285" rid="ch3.ref285"><sup>285</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Górska 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref286" rid="ch3.ref286"><sup>286</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Gott 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref287" rid="ch3.ref287"><sup>287</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Gott 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref289" rid="ch3.ref289"><sup>289</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Gott 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref290" rid="ch3.ref290"><sup>290</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Gott 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref288" rid="ch3.ref288"><sup>288</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Gotze 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref291" rid="ch3.ref291"><sup>291</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Graham 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref292" rid="ch3.ref292"><sup>292</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Grande 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref293" rid="ch3.ref293"><sup>293</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Green 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref294" rid="ch3.ref294"><sup>294</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Groh 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref295" rid="ch3.ref295"><sup>295</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Gross 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref296" rid="ch3.ref296"><sup>296</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Grudzen 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref297" rid="ch3.ref297"><sup>297</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Guerriere 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref298" rid="ch3.ref298"><sup>298</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Guo 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref299" rid="ch3.ref299"><sup>299</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hahn-Goldberg 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref300" rid="ch3.ref300"><sup>300</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hales 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref301" rid="ch3.ref301"><sup>301</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hall 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref302" rid="ch3.ref302"><sup>302</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hallenbeck 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref303" rid="ch3.ref303"><sup>303</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hannon 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref304" rid="ch3.ref304"><sup>304</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hanrahan 1995<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref305" rid="ch3.ref305"><sup>305</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hanratty 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref307" rid="ch3.ref307"><sup>307</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hansen 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref308" rid="ch3.ref308"><sup>308</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Happ 2002<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref309" rid="ch3.ref309"><sup>309</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hardiman 2003<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref310" rid="ch3.ref310"><sup>310</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Harding 2002<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref313" rid="ch3.ref313"><sup>313</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Harding 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref312" rid="ch3.ref312"><sup>312</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Harding 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref311" rid="ch3.ref311"><sup>311</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Harrop 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref314" rid="ch3.ref314"><sup>314</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hatcher 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref315" rid="ch3.ref315"><sup>315</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hauser 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref316" rid="ch3.ref316"><sup>316</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hebert 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref317" rid="ch3.ref317"><sup>317</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Heffner 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref318" rid="ch3.ref318"><sup>318</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hendrix 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref319" rid="ch3.ref319"><sup>319</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Henson 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref320" rid="ch3.ref320"><sup>320</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hewison 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref321" rid="ch3.ref321"><sup>321</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Heyland 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref323" rid="ch3.ref323"><sup>323</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Heyland 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref322" rid="ch3.ref322"><sup>322</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Heyman 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref325" rid="ch3.ref325"><sup>325</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Heyman 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref324" rid="ch3.ref324"><sup>324</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Higgins 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref326" rid="ch3.ref326"><sup>326</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Higginson 1990<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref327" rid="ch3.ref327"><sup>327</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hiltunen 1995<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref328" rid="ch3.ref328"><sup>328</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hinderer 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref329" rid="ch3.ref329"><sup>329</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not peer reviewed</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hinkle 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref330" rid="ch3.ref330"><sup>330</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hirakawa 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref332" rid="ch3.ref332"><sup>332</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hirakawa 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref331" rid="ch3.ref331"><sup>331</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ho 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref333" rid="ch3.ref333"><sup>333</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hobson 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref334" rid="ch3.ref334"><sup>334</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hochgraeber 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref335" rid="ch3.ref335"><sup>335</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hodgkinson 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref336" rid="ch3.ref336"><sup>336</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hofmann 1997<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref337" rid="ch3.ref337"><sup>337</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hogden 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref338" rid="ch3.ref338"><sup>338</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Holdsworth 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref339" rid="ch3.ref339"><sup>339</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Holland 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref340" rid="ch3.ref340"><sup>340</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Holley 2003<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref341" rid="ch3.ref341"><sup>341</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Holm 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref342" rid="ch3.ref342"><sup>342</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Holm 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref343" rid="ch3.ref343"><sup>343</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Holmes 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref344" rid="ch3.ref344"><sup>344</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hong 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref345" rid="ch3.ref345"><sup>345</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Honselman 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref346" rid="ch3.ref346"><sup>346</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not peer reviewed</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hopkinson 2001<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref347" rid="ch3.ref347"><sup>347</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Horsfall 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref349" rid="ch3.ref349"><sup>349</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Houben 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref352" rid="ch3.ref352"><sup>352</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Houben 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref351" rid="ch3.ref351"><sup>351</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Houben 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref353" rid="ch3.ref353"><sup>353</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Howe 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref354" rid="ch3.ref354"><sup>354</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hsiu Chen 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref355" rid="ch3.ref355"><sup>355</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Unable to locate</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Huang 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref356" rid="ch3.ref356"><sup>356</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Huang 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref357" rid="ch3.ref357"><sup>357</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hudson 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref359" rid="ch3.ref359"><sup>359</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hudson 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref358" rid="ch3.ref358"><sup>358</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hughes 1992<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref360" rid="ch3.ref360"><sup>360</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hutchison 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref361" rid="ch3.ref361"><sup>361</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hyde 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref362" rid="ch3.ref362"><sup>362</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hynes 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref363" rid="ch3.ref363"><sup>363</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Iliffe 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref364" rid="ch3.ref364"><sup>364</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Imhof 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref365" rid="ch3.ref365"><sup>365</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ingleton 2003<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref367" rid="ch3.ref367"><sup>367</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ingleton 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref368" rid="ch3.ref368"><sup>368</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ingleton 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref366" rid="ch3.ref366"><sup>366</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inoue 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref369" rid="ch3.ref369"><sup>369</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Jack 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref370" rid="ch3.ref370"><sup>370</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Jackson 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref372" rid="ch3.ref372"><sup>372</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Jackson 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref374" rid="ch3.ref374"><sup>374</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Jackson 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref373" rid="ch3.ref373"><sup>373</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Janda 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref375" rid="ch3.ref375"><sup>375</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Janssen 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref378" rid="ch3.ref378"><sup>378</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Janssen 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref376" rid="ch3.ref376"><sup>376</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Janssen 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref377" rid="ch3.ref377"><sup>377</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Jansson 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref379" rid="ch3.ref379"><sup>379</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Jarrett 1999<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref381" rid="ch3.ref381"><sup>381</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Jarrett 1999<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref380" rid="ch3.ref380"><sup>380</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Jelinek 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref382" rid="ch3.ref382"><sup>382</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Jeong 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref383" rid="ch3.ref383"><sup>383</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Jeong 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref384" rid="ch3.ref384"><sup>384</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Jeyasingam 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref385" rid="ch3.ref385"><sup>385</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Jezewski 1998<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref387" rid="ch3.ref387"><sup>387</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Jezewski 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref386" rid="ch3.ref386"><sup>386</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">JinShil 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref388" rid="ch3.ref388"><sup>388</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Jo 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref389" rid="ch3.ref389"><sup>389</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Joad 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref390" rid="ch3.ref390"><sup>390</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Joanna Briggs 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref391" rid="ch3.ref391"><sup>391</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Jóhannesdóttir 2018<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref392" rid="ch3.ref392"><sup>392</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Johnson 1999<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref394" rid="ch3.ref394"><sup>394</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Johnson 1999<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref395" rid="ch3.ref395"><sup>395</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Johnson 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref393" rid="ch3.ref393"><sup>393</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Jones 1993<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref399" rid="ch3.ref399"><sup>399</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Jones 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref398" rid="ch3.ref398"><sup>398</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Judge 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref400" rid="ch3.ref400"><sup>400</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kaamba 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref402" rid="ch3.ref402"><sup>402</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kaasalainen 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref403" rid="ch3.ref403"><sup>403</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kallianis 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref404" rid="ch3.ref404"><sup>404</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ka-Ming Ho 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref401" rid="ch3.ref401"><sup>401</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kang’ethe 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref405" rid="ch3.ref405"><sup>405</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kaspers 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref406" rid="ch3.ref406"><sup>406</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kataoka-Yahiro 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref407" rid="ch3.ref407"><sup>407</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kavalieratos 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref408" rid="ch3.ref408"><sup>408</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kayser 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref409" rid="ch3.ref409"><sup>409</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ke 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref411" rid="ch3.ref411"><sup>411</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ke 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref410" rid="ch3.ref410"><sup>410</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Keegan 2001<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref412" rid="ch3.ref412"><sup>412</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Keeley 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref413" rid="ch3.ref413"><sup>413</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kehl 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref414" rid="ch3.ref414"><sup>414</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Keim-Malpass 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref415" rid="ch3.ref415"><sup>415</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kellogg 1992<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref416" rid="ch3.ref416"><sup>416</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kettl 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref417" rid="ch3.ref417"><sup>417</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kim 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref419" rid="ch3.ref419"><sup>419</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kim 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref418" rid="ch3.ref418"><sup>418</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kimbell 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref420" rid="ch3.ref420"><sup>420</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">King 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref421" rid="ch3.ref421"><sup>421</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">King 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref422" rid="ch3.ref422"><sup>422</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kingsbury 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref423" rid="ch3.ref423"><sup>423</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kinoshita 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref424" rid="ch3.ref424"><sup>424</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kirby 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref425" rid="ch3.ref425"><sup>425</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kirk 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref427" rid="ch3.ref427"><sup>427</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kirk 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref426" rid="ch3.ref426"><sup>426</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kizawa 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref428" rid="ch3.ref428"><sup>428</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kjerulf 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref429" rid="ch3.ref429"><sup>429</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Klinger 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref431" rid="ch3.ref431"><sup>431</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Knauft 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref432" rid="ch3.ref432"><sup>432</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Komoroski 2000<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref433" rid="ch3.ref433"><sup>433</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kongsuwan 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref434" rid="ch3.ref434"><sup>434</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Koper 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref435" rid="ch3.ref435"><sup>435</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kovacs 1995<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref436" rid="ch3.ref436"><sup>436</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Krakauer 2002<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref437" rid="ch3.ref437"><sup>437</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kramer 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref438" rid="ch3.ref438"><sup>438</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kristof 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref439" rid="ch3.ref439"><sup>439</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kryworuchko 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref440" rid="ch3.ref440"><sup>440</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kulkarni 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref441" rid="ch3.ref441"><sup>441</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kutner 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref442" rid="ch3.ref442"><sup>442</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kwak 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref443" rid="ch3.ref443"><sup>443</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kwak 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref444" rid="ch3.ref444"><sup>444</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lambert 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref445" rid="ch3.ref445"><sup>445</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lambert South 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref446" rid="ch3.ref446"><sup>446</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lamont 2000<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref447" rid="ch3.ref447"><sup>447</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lau 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref448" rid="ch3.ref448"><sup>448</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Leadbeater 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref449" rid="ch3.ref449"><sup>449</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lee 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref451" rid="ch3.ref451"><sup>451</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lee 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref450" rid="ch3.ref450"><sup>450</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lee 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref452" rid="ch3.ref452"><sup>452</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Leichtentritt 1999<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref453" rid="ch3.ref453"><sup>453</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Leow 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref454" rid="ch3.ref454"><sup>454</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Leung 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref455" rid="ch3.ref455"><sup>455</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lewis 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref457" rid="ch3.ref457"><sup>457</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lewis 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref456" rid="ch3.ref456"><sup>456</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Leydon 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref458" rid="ch3.ref458"><sup>458</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lhussier 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref459" rid="ch3.ref459"><sup>459</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Liden 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref460" rid="ch3.ref460"><sup>460</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lim 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref461" rid="ch3.ref461"><sup>461</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lin 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref462" rid="ch3.ref462"><sup>462</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lin 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref463" rid="ch3.ref463"><sup>463</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Linderholm 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref464" rid="ch3.ref464"><sup>464</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Llamas 2001<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref465" rid="ch3.ref465"><sup>465</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Loh 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref466" rid="ch3.ref466"><sup>466</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lohfeld 2000<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref467" rid="ch3.ref467"><sup>467</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Long 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref468" rid="ch3.ref468"><sup>468</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lopez 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref470" rid="ch3.ref470"><sup>470</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lopez-Sierra 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref469" rid="ch3.ref469"><sup>469</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lord 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref471" rid="ch3.ref471"><sup>471</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lord 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref472" rid="ch3.ref472"><sup>472</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lorenz 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref473" rid="ch3.ref473"><sup>473</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lovell 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref474" rid="ch3.ref474"><sup>474</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lowthian 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref476" rid="ch3.ref476"><sup>476</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ludke 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref477" rid="ch3.ref477"><sup>477</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lund 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref478" rid="ch3.ref478"><sup>478</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Luthy 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref479" rid="ch3.ref479"><sup>479</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Lysaght Hurley 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref480" rid="ch3.ref480"><sup>480</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MacDonald 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref482" rid="ch3.ref482"><sup>482</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mahmood-Yousuf 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref485" rid="ch3.ref485"><sup>485</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mahtani-Chugani 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref486" rid="ch3.ref486"><sup>486</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Maletta 1995<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref487" rid="ch3.ref487"><sup>487</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MaloneBeach 1992<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref488" rid="ch3.ref488"><sup>488</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mangan 2003<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref489" rid="ch3.ref489"><sup>489</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Manheim 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref490" rid="ch3.ref490"><sup>490</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Manna 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref491" rid="ch3.ref491"><sup>491</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Maragh-Bass 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref492" rid="ch3.ref492"><sup>492</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Marbach 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref493" rid="ch3.ref493"><sup>493</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Marchand 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref494" rid="ch3.ref494"><sup>494</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Marco 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref495" rid="ch3.ref495"><sup>495</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Markson 1997<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref496" rid="ch3.ref496"><sup>496</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Marshall 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref497" rid="ch3.ref497"><sup>497</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Martin 1988<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref499" rid="ch3.ref499"><sup>499</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Martin 1999<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref498" rid="ch3.ref498"><sup>498</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Martin 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref500" rid="ch3.ref500"><sup>500</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Maschi 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref501" rid="ch3.ref501"><sup>501</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mathie 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref503" rid="ch3.ref503"><sup>503</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Matsuyama 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref504" rid="ch3.ref504"><sup>504</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mattes 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref505" rid="ch3.ref505"><sup>505</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mattiussi 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref506" rid="ch3.ref506"><sup>506</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not English language</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">May 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref509" rid="ch3.ref509"><sup>509</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">May 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref508" rid="ch3.ref508"><sup>508</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">May 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref507" rid="ch3.ref507"><sup>507</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mc Veigh 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref510" rid="ch3.ref510"><sup>510</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McCabe 1995<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref512" rid="ch3.ref512"><sup>512</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McCarthy 2003<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref513" rid="ch3.ref513"><sup>513</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McCarthy 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref514" rid="ch3.ref514"><sup>514</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McCarty 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref515" rid="ch3.ref515"><sup>515</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McDonald 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref516" rid="ch3.ref516"><sup>516</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McGilton 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref517" rid="ch3.ref517"><sup>517</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McGinnis 1986<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref518" rid="ch3.ref518"><sup>518</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McGrath 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref519" rid="ch3.ref519"><sup>519</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McGrath 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref522" rid="ch3.ref522"><sup>522</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McGrath 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref521" rid="ch3.ref521"><sup>521</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McGrath 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref520" rid="ch3.ref520"><sup>520</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McIlfatrick 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref523" rid="ch3.ref523"><sup>523</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McKenna 1222<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref524" rid="ch3.ref524"><sup>524</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McKenzie 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref525" rid="ch3.ref525"><sup>525</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McLaren 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref526" rid="ch3.ref526"><sup>526</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McLaughlin 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref528" rid="ch3.ref528"><sup>528</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McLaughlin 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref527" rid="ch3.ref527"><sup>527</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McLoughlin 2002<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref529" rid="ch3.ref529"><sup>529</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McMahan 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref530" rid="ch3.ref530"><sup>530</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McMillan 1996<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref531" rid="ch3.ref531"><sup>531</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McMillan 2000<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref532" rid="ch3.ref532"><sup>532</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McMullan 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref533" rid="ch3.ref533"><sup>533</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McNamara 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref534" rid="ch3.ref534"><sup>534</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McNamara 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref535" rid="ch3.ref535"><sup>535</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McNeil 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref536" rid="ch3.ref536"><sup>536</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McPherson 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref537" rid="ch3.ref537"><sup>537</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McQuillan 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref538" rid="ch3.ref538"><sup>538</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McSkimming 1999<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref539" rid="ch3.ref539"><sup>539</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McSwiggan 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref540" rid="ch3.ref540"><sup>540</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McWhinney 1995<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref541" rid="ch3.ref541"><sup>541</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McWilliam 1993<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref542" rid="ch3.ref542"><sup>542</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Meeker 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref543" rid="ch3.ref543"><sup>543</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mehta 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref544" rid="ch3.ref544"><sup>544</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mehta 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref545" rid="ch3.ref545"><sup>545</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mehta 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref546" rid="ch3.ref546"><sup>546</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Meier 1996<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref548" rid="ch3.ref548"><sup>548</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Meier 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref547" rid="ch3.ref547"><sup>547</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Meiklejohn 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref549" rid="ch3.ref549"><sup>549</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Melcher 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref550" rid="ch3.ref550"><sup>550</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mellor 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref551" rid="ch3.ref551"><sup>551</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mercadante 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref553" rid="ch3.ref553"><sup>553</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mercadante 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref552" rid="ch3.ref552"><sup>552</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mezey 2002<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref555" rid="ch3.ref555"><sup>555</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Miceli 2003<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref556" rid="ch3.ref556"><sup>556</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Michael 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref557" rid="ch3.ref557"><sup>557</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Michael 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref558" rid="ch3.ref558"><sup>558</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Milberg 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref562" rid="ch3.ref562"><sup>562</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Milberg 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref560" rid="ch3.ref560"><sup>560</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Milberg 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref561" rid="ch3.ref561"><sup>561</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Milberg 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref559" rid="ch3.ref559"><sup>559</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Milberg 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref563" rid="ch3.ref563"><sup>563</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Miller 1998<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref565" rid="ch3.ref565"><sup>565</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Miller 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref564" rid="ch3.ref564"><sup>564</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mitchell 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref566" rid="ch3.ref566"><sup>566</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Miyashita 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref567" rid="ch3.ref567"><sup>567</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Miyashita 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref568" rid="ch3.ref568"><sup>568</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Moir 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref569" rid="ch3.ref569"><sup>569</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Möllerberg 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref570" rid="ch3.ref570"><sup>570</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Moore 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref571" rid="ch3.ref571"><sup>571</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Moore 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref572" rid="ch3.ref572"><sup>572</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Moorman 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref573" rid="ch3.ref573"><sup>573</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Morin 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref574" rid="ch3.ref574"><sup>574</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Morita 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref575" rid="ch3.ref575"><sup>575</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mousing 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref576" rid="ch3.ref576"><sup>576</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mousing 2018<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref577" rid="ch3.ref577"><sup>577</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Muders 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref578" rid="ch3.ref578"><sup>578</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Munck 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref579" rid="ch3.ref579"><sup>579</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Murray 2003<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref583" rid="ch3.ref583"><sup>583</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Murungu 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref584" rid="ch3.ref584"><sup>584</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Musa 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref585" rid="ch3.ref585"><sup>585</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Namasivayam 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref586" rid="ch3.ref586"><sup>586</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Nanda 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref587" rid="ch3.ref587"><sup>587</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Nash 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref588" rid="ch3.ref588"><sup>588</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Natan 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref589" rid="ch3.ref589"><sup>589</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Newton 2002<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref591" rid="ch3.ref591"><sup>591</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ng 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref592" rid="ch3.ref592"><sup>592</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Nguyen 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref593" rid="ch3.ref593"><sup>593</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ngwenya 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref595" rid="ch3.ref595"><sup>595</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ngwenya 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref594" rid="ch3.ref594"><sup>594</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Nishie 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref596" rid="ch3.ref596"><sup>596</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Noble 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref597" rid="ch3.ref597"><sup>597</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Noelker 1995<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref598" rid="ch3.ref598"><sup>598</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Noh 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref599" rid="ch3.ref599"><sup>599</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Noh 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref601" rid="ch3.ref601"><sup>601</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Noh 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref600" rid="ch3.ref600"><sup>600</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Norinder 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref602" rid="ch3.ref602"><sup>602</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Unable to locate</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Norris 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref603" rid="ch3.ref603"><sup>603</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">O’Brien 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref604" rid="ch3.ref604"><sup>604</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">O’Dea 2000<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref605" rid="ch3.ref605"><sup>605</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Offerman 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref609" rid="ch3.ref609"><sup>609</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">O’Hare 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref606" rid="ch3.ref606"><sup>606</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Okamoto 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref610" rid="ch3.ref610"><sup>610</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ólafsdóttir 2018<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref611" rid="ch3.ref611"><sup>611</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">O’Leary 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref607" rid="ch3.ref607"><sup>607</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Oliver 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref612" rid="ch3.ref612"><sup>612</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Oliver 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref613" rid="ch3.ref613"><sup>613</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Oosterveld-Vlug 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref614" rid="ch3.ref614"><sup>614</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Osse 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref615" rid="ch3.ref615"><sup>615</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ostlund 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref616" rid="ch3.ref616"><sup>616</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">O’Sullivan 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref608" rid="ch3.ref608"><sup>608</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Paal 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref617" rid="ch3.ref617"><sup>617</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Pandini 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref618" rid="ch3.ref618"><sup>618</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Pardon 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref619" rid="ch3.ref619"><sup>619</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Pardon 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref620" rid="ch3.ref620"><sup>620</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Park 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref621" rid="ch3.ref621"><sup>621</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Parkes 1978<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref622" rid="ch3.ref622"><sup>622</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Partridge 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref623" rid="ch3.ref623"><sup>623</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Patrick 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref624" rid="ch3.ref624"><sup>624</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Pattison 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref625" rid="ch3.ref625"><sup>625</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Pautex 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref626" rid="ch3.ref626"><sup>626</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Payne 1994<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref629" rid="ch3.ref629"><sup>629</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Payne 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref628" rid="ch3.ref628"><sup>628</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Payne 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref627" rid="ch3.ref627"><sup>627</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Pearlman 2000<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref630" rid="ch3.ref630"><sup>630</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Pearlman 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref631" rid="ch3.ref631"><sup>631</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Peck 2018<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref632" rid="ch3.ref632"><sup>632</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Peeters 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref633" rid="ch3.ref633"><sup>633</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Peinado-Gorlat 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref634" rid="ch3.ref634"><sup>634</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Periyakoil 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref635" rid="ch3.ref635"><sup>635</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Periyakoil 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref636" rid="ch3.ref636"><sup>636</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Perry 1996<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref638" rid="ch3.ref638"><sup>638</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Perry 2001<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref639" rid="ch3.ref639"><sup>639</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Perry 2003<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref637" rid="ch3.ref637"><sup>637</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Peters 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref640" rid="ch3.ref640"><sup>640</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Pfeifer 1994<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref641" rid="ch3.ref641"><sup>641</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Phillips 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref642" rid="ch3.ref642"><sup>642</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Phipps 2003<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref645" rid="ch3.ref645"><sup>645</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Phipps 2003<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref643" rid="ch3.ref643"><sup>643</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Phipps 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref644" rid="ch3.ref644"><sup>644</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Phongtankuel 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref648" rid="ch3.ref648"><sup>648</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Phongtankuel 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref646" rid="ch3.ref646"><sup>646</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Phongtankuel 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref647" rid="ch3.ref647"><sup>647</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Piamjariyakul 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref650" rid="ch3.ref650"><sup>650</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Picot 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref651" rid="ch3.ref651"><sup>651</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Pidgeon 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref652" rid="ch3.ref652"><sup>652</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Pierce 1999<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref653" rid="ch3.ref653"><sup>653</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Piers 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref654" rid="ch3.ref654"><sup>654</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Pincombe 1996<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref655" rid="ch3.ref655"><sup>655</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Pleschberger 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref656" rid="ch3.ref656"><sup>656</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ploeg 2001<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref657" rid="ch3.ref657"><sup>657</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Pockett 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref658" rid="ch3.ref658"><sup>658</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Porensky 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref659" rid="ch3.ref659"><sup>659</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Powazki 1999<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref660" rid="ch3.ref660"><sup>660</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Powers 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref661" rid="ch3.ref661"><sup>661</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Powis 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref662" rid="ch3.ref662"><sup>662</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Price 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref663" rid="ch3.ref663"><sup>663</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Prince-Paul 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref664" rid="ch3.ref664"><sup>664</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Prosser 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref665" rid="ch3.ref665"><sup>665</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Pugh 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref666" rid="ch3.ref666"><sup>666</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Pungchompoo 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref667" rid="ch3.ref667"><sup>667</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not peer reviewed</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Radcliffe 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref668" rid="ch3.ref668"><sup>668</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Radhakrishnan 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref669" rid="ch3.ref669"><sup>669</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Rahemi 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref670" rid="ch3.ref670"><sup>670</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Raijmakers 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref671" rid="ch3.ref671"><sup>671</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Rainer 2002<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref672" rid="ch3.ref672"><sup>672</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Rainsford 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref673" rid="ch3.ref673"><sup>673</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ratkowski 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref674" rid="ch3.ref674"><sup>674</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ratner 2001<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref675" rid="ch3.ref675"><sup>675</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Raudonis 1993<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref676" rid="ch3.ref676"><sup>676</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ray 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref677" rid="ch3.ref677"><sup>677</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Raynes 2000<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref678" rid="ch3.ref678"><sup>678</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Reblin 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref679" rid="ch3.ref679"><sup>679</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Reese 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref680" rid="ch3.ref680"><sup>680</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Reinke 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref681" rid="ch3.ref681"><sup>681</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Rhee 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref682" rid="ch3.ref682"><sup>682</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Rhodes 1999<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref683" rid="ch3.ref683"><sup>683</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Richards 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref684" rid="ch3.ref684"><sup>684</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Richter 1995<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref685" rid="ch3.ref685"><sup>685</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Riesenbeck 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref686" rid="ch3.ref686"><sup>686</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Rietjens 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref687" rid="ch3.ref687"><sup>687</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Rigby 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref688" rid="ch3.ref688"><sup>688</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Riggs 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref689" rid="ch3.ref689"><sup>689</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ringdal 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref690" rid="ch3.ref690"><sup>690</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Robinson 2000<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref692" rid="ch3.ref692"><sup>692</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Robinson 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref696" rid="ch3.ref696"><sup>696</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Robinson 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref695" rid="ch3.ref695"><sup>695</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Robinson 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref694" rid="ch3.ref694"><sup>694</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Robinson 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref693" rid="ch3.ref693"><sup>693</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Robinson 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref691" rid="ch3.ref691"><sup>691</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Rocío 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref697" rid="ch3.ref697"><sup>697</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Rocker 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref698" rid="ch3.ref698"><sup>698</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Rodenbach 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref699" rid="ch3.ref699"><sup>699</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Rohrmoser 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref700" rid="ch3.ref700"><sup>700</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Rosemond 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref702" rid="ch3.ref702"><sup>702</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Rosenberg 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref703" rid="ch3.ref703"><sup>703</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Rosenfeld 2000<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref704" rid="ch3.ref704"><sup>704</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Rosenquist 1999<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref705" rid="ch3.ref705"><sup>705</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ross 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref706" rid="ch3.ref706"><sup>706</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Roth 2000<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref707" rid="ch3.ref707"><sup>707</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Roulston 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref708" rid="ch3.ref708"><sup>708</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Royak-Schaler 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref709" rid="ch3.ref709"><sup>709</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Running 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref710" rid="ch3.ref710"><sup>710</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ryan 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref711" rid="ch3.ref711"><sup>711</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ryan 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref713" rid="ch3.ref713"><sup>713</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ryan 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref712" rid="ch3.ref712"><sup>712</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sahlberg-Blom 2000<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref714" rid="ch3.ref714"><sup>714</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sanchez-Garcia 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref715" rid="ch3.ref715"><sup>715</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not English language</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sanchez-Tomero 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref716" rid="ch3.ref716"><sup>716</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sanders 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref717" rid="ch3.ref717"><sup>717</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sandsdalen 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref719" rid="ch3.ref719"><sup>719</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sandsdalen 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref718" rid="ch3.ref718"><sup>718</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sarmento 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref720" rid="ch3.ref720"><sup>720</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sato 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref721" rid="ch3.ref721"><sup>721</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sautter 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref722" rid="ch3.ref722"><sup>722</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Scheerens 2018<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref723" rid="ch3.ref723"><sup>723</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Schenker 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref724" rid="ch3.ref724"><sup>724</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Schofield 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref725" rid="ch3.ref725"><sup>725</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Schoot 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref726" rid="ch3.ref726"><sup>726</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Schreibeis-Baum 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref727" rid="ch3.ref727"><sup>727</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Schwartz 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref728" rid="ch3.ref728"><sup>728</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Scott 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref729" rid="ch3.ref729"><sup>729</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Scott 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref730" rid="ch3.ref730"><sup>730</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Seamark 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref731" rid="ch3.ref731"><sup>731</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sekse 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref732" rid="ch3.ref732"><sup>732</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sellars 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref734" rid="ch3.ref734"><sup>734</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sellars 2018<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref733" rid="ch3.ref733"><sup>733</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Selman 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref735" rid="ch3.ref735"><sup>735</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Seltzer 1992<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref737" rid="ch3.ref737"><sup>737</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sessanna 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref738" rid="ch3.ref738"><sup>738</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Seymour 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref739" rid="ch3.ref739"><sup>739</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Shahidi 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref740" rid="ch3.ref740"><sup>740</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Shanley 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref742" rid="ch3.ref742"><sup>742</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Shanley 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref741" rid="ch3.ref741"><sup>741</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Shield 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref743" rid="ch3.ref743"><sup>743</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Shih 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref744" rid="ch3.ref744"><sup>744</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Shope 1993<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref745" rid="ch3.ref745"><sup>745</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Shyu 2000<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref746" rid="ch3.ref746"><sup>746</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Siegel 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref747" rid="ch3.ref747"><sup>747</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not peer reviewed</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Silva 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref748" rid="ch3.ref748"><sup>748</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Silveira 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref749" rid="ch3.ref749"><sup>749</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Simms 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref750" rid="ch3.ref750"><sup>750</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Simon 2002<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref751" rid="ch3.ref751"><sup>751</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sims 1997<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref753" rid="ch3.ref753"><sup>753</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sittisombut 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref754" rid="ch3.ref754"><sup>754</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Skilbeck 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref755" rid="ch3.ref755"><sup>755</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Skilbeck 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref756" rid="ch3.ref756"><sup>756</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sleeman 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref757" rid="ch3.ref757"><sup>757</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Slocum-Gori 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref758" rid="ch3.ref758"><sup>758</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Slort 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref759" rid="ch3.ref759"><sup>759</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Smith 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref761" rid="ch3.ref761"><sup>761</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Smith 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref762" rid="ch3.ref762"><sup>762</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Smith-Howell 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref760" rid="ch3.ref760"><sup>760</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Smyth 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref763" rid="ch3.ref763"><sup>763</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Snow 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref764" rid="ch3.ref764"><sup>764</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Snyder 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref765" rid="ch3.ref765"><sup>765</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sommerbakk 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref766" rid="ch3.ref766"><sup>766</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Song 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref768" rid="ch3.ref768"><sup>768</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Song 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref767" rid="ch3.ref767"><sup>767</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Southwell 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref769" rid="ch3.ref769"><sup>769</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Spence 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref770" rid="ch3.ref770"><sup>770</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Stajduhar<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref774" rid="ch3.ref774"><sup>774</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Stajduhar 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref772" rid="ch3.ref772"><sup>772</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Stajduhar 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref773" rid="ch3.ref773"><sup>773</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Steele 2002<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref775" rid="ch3.ref775"><sup>775</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Stein 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref776" rid="ch3.ref776"><sup>776</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Stein 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref777" rid="ch3.ref777"><sup>777</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Stern 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref778" rid="ch3.ref778"><sup>778</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Stevens 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref780" rid="ch3.ref780"><sup>780</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Stevens 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref779" rid="ch3.ref779"><sup>779</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Strachan 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref781" rid="ch3.ref781"><sup>781</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Street 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref782" rid="ch3.ref782"><sup>782</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Stuart 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref783" rid="ch3.ref783"><sup>783</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sudore 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref785" rid="ch3.ref785"><sup>785</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sudore 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref784" rid="ch3.ref784"><sup>784</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Taggart 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref786" rid="ch3.ref786"><sup>786</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Takada 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref787" rid="ch3.ref787"><sup>787</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tammelleo 2000<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref788" rid="ch3.ref788"><sup>788</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tang 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref789" rid="ch3.ref789"><sup>789</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Taubert 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref790" rid="ch3.ref790"><sup>790</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Taylor 2003<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref791" rid="ch3.ref791"><sup>791</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tedder 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref792" rid="ch3.ref792"><sup>792</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Temkin-Greener 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref793" rid="ch3.ref793"><sup>793</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Teno 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref794" rid="ch3.ref794"><sup>794</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Thomas 2002<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref797" rid="ch3.ref797"><sup>797</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Thomas 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref796" rid="ch3.ref796"><sup>796</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Thomas 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref795" rid="ch3.ref795"><sup>795</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Thomas 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref798" rid="ch3.ref798"><sup>798</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Thompson 1998<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref799" rid="ch3.ref799"><sup>799</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study withdrawn</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Thoonsen 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref800" rid="ch3.ref800"><sup>800</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Thoresen 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref801" rid="ch3.ref801"><sup>801</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Thorpe 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref802" rid="ch3.ref802"><sup>802</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Threapleton 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref803" rid="ch3.ref803"><sup>803</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Thurston 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref804" rid="ch3.ref804"><sup>804</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tiernan 2002<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref805" rid="ch3.ref805"><sup>805</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Torres-Vigil 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref807" rid="ch3.ref807"><sup>807</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Toye 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref808" rid="ch3.ref808"><sup>808</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Train 2005<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref809" rid="ch3.ref809"><sup>809</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Travers 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref810" rid="ch3.ref810"><sup>810</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Travis 2002<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref811" rid="ch3.ref811"><sup>811</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Trees 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref812" rid="ch3.ref812"><sup>812</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Treloar 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref813" rid="ch3.ref813"><sup>813</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Turner 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref814" rid="ch3.ref814"><sup>814</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">van der Steen 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref815" rid="ch3.ref815"><sup>815</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">van Eechoud 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref816" rid="ch3.ref816"><sup>816</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Van Meter 1985<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref817" rid="ch3.ref817"><sup>817</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">van Riet Paap 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref818" rid="ch3.ref818"><sup>818</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">van Wijmen 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref819" rid="ch3.ref819"><sup>819</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Vander Laan<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref820" rid="ch3.ref820"><sup>820</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not peer reviewed</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Vandervoort 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref822" rid="ch3.ref822"><sup>822</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Vandervoort 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref821" rid="ch3.ref821"><sup>821</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Vassal 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref823" rid="ch3.ref823"><sup>823</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Vedel 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref824" rid="ch3.ref824"><sup>824</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Veigh 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref825" rid="ch3.ref825"><sup>825</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Veloso 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref826" rid="ch3.ref826"><sup>826</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Venkatasalu 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref827" rid="ch3.ref827"><sup>827</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ventura 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref828" rid="ch3.ref828"><sup>828</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Virnig 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref829" rid="ch3.ref829"><sup>829</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wahid 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref830" rid="ch3.ref830"><sup>830</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Walczak 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref833" rid="ch3.ref833"><sup>833</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Waldrop 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref834" rid="ch3.ref834"><sup>834</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Waldrop 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref835" rid="ch3.ref835"><sup>835</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wallace 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref836" rid="ch3.ref836"><sup>836</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wallace 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref837" rid="ch3.ref837"><sup>837</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wallerstedt 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref838" rid="ch3.ref838"><sup>838</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Walsh 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref839" rid="ch3.ref839"><sup>839</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Walsh 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref840" rid="ch3.ref840"><sup>840</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Walshe 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref841" rid="ch3.ref841"><sup>841</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wanicha 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref842" rid="ch3.ref842"><sup>842</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Ward 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref843" rid="ch3.ref843"><sup>843</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Waters 2001<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref844" rid="ch3.ref844"><sup>844</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Weibull 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref845" rid="ch3.ref845"><sup>845</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wentlandt 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref846" rid="ch3.ref846"><sup>846</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wentlandt 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref847" rid="ch3.ref847"><sup>847</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wiegand 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref849" rid="ch3.ref849"><sup>849</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wiese 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref850" rid="ch3.ref850"><sup>850</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wiese 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref851" rid="ch3.ref851"><sup>851</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wilkinson 1999<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref853" rid="ch3.ref853"><sup>853</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wilkinson 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref852" rid="ch3.ref852"><sup>852</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Willard 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref854" rid="ch3.ref854"><sup>854</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Williams 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref855" rid="ch3.ref855"><sup>855</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Williams 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref857" rid="ch3.ref857"><sup>857</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Williams 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref856" rid="ch3.ref856"><sup>856</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant to PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wilson 2011<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref858" rid="ch3.ref858"><sup>858</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wilson 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref859" rid="ch3.ref859"><sup>859</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wilson 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref860" rid="ch3.ref860"><sup>860</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Winter 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref861" rid="ch3.ref861"><sup>861</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Witkowski 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref862" rid="ch3.ref862"><sup>862</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wittenberg-Lyles 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref863" rid="ch3.ref863"><sup>863</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wittenberg-Lyles 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref864" rid="ch3.ref864"><sup>864</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wittenberg-Lyles 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref865" rid="ch3.ref865"><sup>865</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wittich 2013<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref866" rid="ch3.ref866"><sup>866</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wladkowski 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref867" rid="ch3.ref867"><sup>867</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Unable to locate</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wodehouse 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref868" rid="ch3.ref868"><sup>868</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wolkowski 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref869" rid="ch3.ref869"><sup>869</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Woodman 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref870" rid="ch3.ref870"><sup>870</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review PICO</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Woodward 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref871" rid="ch3.ref871"><sup>871</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Worth 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref872" rid="ch3.ref872"><sup>872</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wu 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref873" rid="ch3.ref873"><sup>873</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wu 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref874" rid="ch3.ref874"><sup>874</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Wye 2014<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref875" rid="ch3.ref875"><sup>875</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Xafis 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref876" rid="ch3.ref876"><sup>876</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not relevant population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Yabroff 2004<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref877" rid="ch3.ref877"><sup>877</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Yamagishi 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref878" rid="ch3.ref878"><sup>878</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Yang 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref880" rid="ch3.ref880"><sup>880</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Yang 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref879" rid="ch3.ref879"><sup>879</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Yap 2017<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref881" rid="ch3.ref881"><sup>881</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not review population</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Young 2006<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref882" rid="ch3.ref882"><sup>882</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Young 2008<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref883" rid="ch3.ref883"><sup>883</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Yung 2010<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref884" rid="ch3.ref884"><sup>884</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Zaider 2009<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref885" rid="ch3.ref885"><sup>885</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Zallman 2003<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref886" rid="ch3.ref886"><sup>886</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Zapart 2007<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref887" rid="ch3.ref887"><sup>887</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Zhang 2012<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref888" rid="ch3.ref888"><sup>888</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Zimmerman 2015<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref889" rid="ch3.ref889"><sup>889</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inappropriate study design</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Zimmermann 2016<a class="bibr" href="#ch3.ref890" rid="ch3.ref890"><sup>890</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_ch3.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article></div><div id="jr-scripts"><script 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