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stroke-linecap="round" style="fill:#FFF" d="m320,350a153,153 0 1,0-2,2l170,170m-91-117 110,110-26,26-110-110"></path></svg></a><a id="jr-fip-done" class="wsprkl btn" title="Dismiss find">✘</a></nav><nav id="jr-fip-info-p"><a id="jr-fip-prev" class="wsprkl btn" title="Jump to previuos match">◀</a><button id="jr-fip-matches">no matches yet</button><a id="jr-fip-next" class="wsprkl btn" title="Jump to next match">▶</a></nav></nav></div><div id="jr-epub-interstitial" class="hidden"></div><div id="jr-content"><article data-type="main"><div class="main-content lit-style"><div class="fm-sec bkr_bottom_sep"><div class="bkr_thumb"><a href="https://www.nice.org.uk" title="National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)" class="img_link icnblk_img" ref="pagearea=logo&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher"><img class="source-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-niceng155er11-lrg.png" alt="Cover of Evidence review for psychological therapies" /></a></div><div class="bkr_bib"><h1 id="_NBK557030_"><span itemprop="name">Evidence review for psychological therapies</span></h1><div class="subtitle">Tinnitus: assessment and management</div><p><b>Evidence review L</b></p><p><i>NICE Guideline, No. 155</i></p><p class="contrib-group"><h4>Authors</h4><span itemprop="author">National Guideline Centre (UK)</span>.</p><div class="half_rhythm">London: <a href="https://www.nice.org.uk" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher"><span itemprop="publisher">National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)</span></a>; <span itemprop="datePublished">2020 Mar</span>.<div class="small">ISBN-13: <span itemprop="isbn">978-1-4731-3711-0</span></div></div><div><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright</a> © NICE 2020.</div></div><div class="bkr_clear"></div></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1"><h2 id="_niceng155er11_s1_">1. Psychological therapies</h2><div id="niceng155er11.s1.1"><h3>1.1. Review question: What is the clinical and cost effectiveness of psychological therapies (including cognitive behavioural therapy and mindfulness based cognitive therapy)?</h3></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.2"><h3>1.2. Introduction</h3><p>While tinnitus is recognised as a physical symptom it is understood that it can have a profound emotional impact and that this is a major factor in the degree of suffering experienced.</p><p>There are a variety of different psychological therapies available currently within the NHS as interventions for a broad range of presentations. The following therapies have been applied either clinically or within a research context for people with tinnitus: cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), mindfulness-based interventions e.g. mindfulness based cognitive therapy (MBCT) and mindfulness based stress reduction (MBSR), brief solution focused therapy, narrative therapy, acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR). These psychological therapies can be used with adults and can also be adapted for use with children and young people. Current practice includes psychological therapies within individual and group settings. When working with children, this often involves also working with their families and possibly schools.</p><p>CBT has been the main focus clinically and within research. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT) is based on the theory that an individual’s distress arises out of an interaction between their environment and past experiences, thoughts (cognitions), behaviour and physiological experiences.</p><p>The aim of this review is to determine the clinical and cost-effectiveness of psychological therapies including cognitive behavioural therapy and mindfulness based cognitive therapy in improving psychological outcomes and the impact of tinnitus on the person.</p></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.3"><h3>1.3. PICO table</h3><p>For full details see the review protocol in <a href="#niceng155er11.appa">appendix A</a>.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab1"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 1" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab1" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab1"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab1/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab1/?report=previmg" alt="Table 1. PICO characteristics of review question." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab1">Table 1</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">PICO characteristics of review question. </p></div></div></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.4"><h3>1.4. Clinical evidence</h3><div id="niceng155er11.s1.4.1"><h4>1.4.1. Included studies</h4><p>Twenty-four studies were included in the review;<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref1" rid="niceng155er11.ref1"><sup>1</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref5" rid="niceng155er11.ref5"><sup>5</sup></a><sup>–</sup><a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref7" rid="niceng155er11.ref7"><sup>7</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref9" rid="niceng155er11.ref9"><sup>9</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref16" rid="niceng155er11.ref16"><sup>16</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref19" rid="niceng155er11.ref19"><sup>19</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref21" rid="niceng155er11.ref21"><sup>21</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref22" rid="niceng155er11.ref22"><sup>22</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref26" rid="niceng155er11.ref26"><sup>26</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref31" rid="niceng155er11.ref31"><sup>31</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref33" rid="niceng155er11.ref33"><sup>33</sup></a><sup>–</sup><a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref35" rid="niceng155er11.ref35"><sup>35</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref39" rid="niceng155er11.ref39"><sup>39</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref46" rid="niceng155er11.ref46"><sup>46</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref50" rid="niceng155er11.ref50"><sup>50</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref52" rid="niceng155er11.ref52"><sup>52</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref53" rid="niceng155er11.ref53"><sup>53</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref55" rid="niceng155er11.ref55"><sup>55</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref59" rid="niceng155er11.ref59"><sup>59</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref60" rid="niceng155er11.ref60"><sup>60</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref62" rid="niceng155er11.ref62"><sup>62</sup></a><sup>,</sup>
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<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref64" rid="niceng155er11.ref64"><sup>64</sup></a> these are summarised in <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab2" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab2">Table 2</a> below. Evidence from these studies is summarised in the clinical evidence summary below (<a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab3" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab3">Table 3</a>).</p><p>See also the study selection flow chart in <a href="#niceng155er11.appc">appendix C</a>, study evidence tables in <a href="#niceng155er11.appd">appendix D</a>, forest plots in <a href="#niceng155er11.appe">appendix E</a> and GRADE tables in <a href="#niceng155er11.apph">appendix H</a>.</p></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.4.2"><h4>1.4.2. Excluded studies</h4><p>See the excluded studies list in <a href="#niceng155er11.appi">appendix I</a>.</p></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.4.3"><h4>1.4.3. Summary of clinical studies included in the evidence review</h4><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab2"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 2" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab2" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab2"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab2/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab2/?report=previmg" alt="Table 2. Summary of studies included in the evidence review." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab2"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab2">Table 2</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Summary of studies included in the evidence review. </p></div></div><p>See <a href="#niceng155er11.appd">appendix D</a> for full evidence tables.</p></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.4.4"><h4>1.4.4. Quality assessment of clinical studies included in the evidence review</h4><div id="niceng155er11.s1.4.4.1"><h5>Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT)</h5><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab3"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 3" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab3" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab3"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab3/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab3/?report=previmg" alt="Table 3. Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus waiting-list control." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab3"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab3">Table 3</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus waiting-list control. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab4"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 4" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab4" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab4"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab4/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab4/?report=previmg" alt="Table 4. Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus control (masking)." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab4"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab4">Table 4</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus control (masking). </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab5"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab5/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 5" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab5" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab5"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab5/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab5/?report=previmg" alt="Table 5. Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus information only." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab5"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab5/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab5">Table 5</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus information only. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab6"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab6/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 6" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab6" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab6"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab6/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab6/?report=previmg" alt="Table 6. Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus education." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab6"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab6/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab6">Table 6</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus education. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab7"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab7/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 7" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab7" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab7"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab7/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab7/?report=previmg" alt="Table 7. Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus relaxation." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab7"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab7/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab7">Table 7</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus relaxation. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab8"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab8/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 8" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab8" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab8"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab8/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab8/?report=previmg" alt="Table 8. Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus passive relaxation training." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab8"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab8/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab8">Table 8</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus passive relaxation training. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab9"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab9/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 9" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab9" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab9"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab9/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab9/?report=previmg" alt="Table 9. Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus applied relaxation training." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab9"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab9/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab9">Table 9</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus applied relaxation training. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab10"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab10/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 10" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab10" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab10"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab10/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab10/?report=previmg" alt="Table 10. Clinical evidence summary: CBT-stepped intervention versus usual care." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab10"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab10/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab10">Table 10</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: CBT-stepped intervention versus usual care. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab11"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab11/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 11" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab11" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab11"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab11/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab11/?report=previmg" alt="Table 11. Clinical evidence summary: CBT (self-help book) versus waiting-list control." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab11"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab11/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab11">Table 11</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: CBT (self-help book) versus waiting-list control. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab12"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab12/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 12" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab12" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab12"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab12/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab12/?report=previmg" alt="Table 12. Clinical evidence summary: CBT (bibliotherapy) versus information only." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab12"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab12/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab12">Table 12</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: CBT (bibliotherapy) versus information only. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab13"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab13/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 13" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab13" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab13"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab13/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab13/?report=previmg" alt="Table 13. Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus control (web discussion forum)." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab13"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab13/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab13">Table 13</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus control (web discussion forum). </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab14"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab14/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 14" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab14" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab14"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab14/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab14/?report=previmg" alt="Table 14. Clinical evidence summary: iCBT versus waiting-list control." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab14"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab14/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab14">Table 14</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: iCBT versus waiting-list control. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab15"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab15/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 15" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab15" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab15"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab15/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab15/?report=previmg" alt="Table 15. Clinical evidence summary: iCBT versus information only." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab15"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab15/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab15">Table 15</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: iCBT versus information only. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab16"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab16/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 16" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab16" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab16"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab16/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab16/?report=previmg" alt="Table 16. Clinical evidence summary: iCBT versus tinnitus information counselling." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab16"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab16/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab16">Table 16</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: iCBT versus tinnitus information counselling. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab17"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab17/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 17" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab17" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab17"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab17/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab17/?report=previmg" alt="Table 17. Clinical evidence summary: iCBT versus control (web discussion forum)." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab17"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab17/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab17">Table 17</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: iCBT versus control (web discussion forum). </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab18"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab18/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 18" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab18" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab18"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab18/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab18/?report=previmg" alt="Table 18. Clinical evidence summary: iCBT versus iACT." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab18"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab18/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab18">Table 18</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: iCBT versus iACT. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab19"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab19/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 19" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab19" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab19"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab19/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab19/?report=previmg" alt="Table 19. Clinical evidence summary: Biofeedback versus waiting list control." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab19"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab19/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab19">Table 19</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: Biofeedback versus waiting list control. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab20"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab20/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 20" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab20" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab20"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab20/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab20/?report=previmg" alt="Table 20. Clinical evidence summary: Biofeedback-based CBT versus waiting-list control." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab20"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab20/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab20">Table 20</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: Biofeedback-based CBT versus waiting-list control. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab21"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab21/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 21" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab21" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab21"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab21/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab21/?report=previmg" alt="Table 21. Clinical evidence summary: Behavioural therapy versus waiting-list control." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab21"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab21/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab21">Table 21</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: Behavioural therapy versus waiting-list control. </p></div></div></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.4.4.2"><h5>Mindfulness-based therapies</h5><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab22"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab22/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 22" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab22" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab22"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab22/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab22/?report=previmg" alt="Table 22. Clinical evidence summary: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy versus relaxation." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab22"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab22/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab22">Table 22</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy versus relaxation. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab23"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab23/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 23" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab23" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab23"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab23/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab23/?report=previmg" alt="Table 23. Clinical evidence summary: Mindfulness meditation versus relaxation therapy." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab23"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab23/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab23">Table 23</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: Mindfulness meditation versus relaxation therapy. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab24"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab24/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 24" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab24" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab24"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab24/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab24/?report=previmg" alt="Table 24. Clinical evidence summary: Mindfulness and body psychotherapy-based group treatment versus waiting-list control." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab24"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab24/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab24">Table 24</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: Mindfulness and body psychotherapy-based group treatment versus waiting-list control. </p></div></div></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.4.4.3"><h5>Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)</h5><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab25"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab25/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 25" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab25" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab25"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab25/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab25/?report=previmg" alt="Table 25. Clinical evidence summary: iACT versus control (web discussion forum)." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab25"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab25/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab25">Table 25</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: iACT versus control (web discussion forum). </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab26"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab26/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 26" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab26" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab26"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab26/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab26/?report=previmg" alt="Table 26. Clinical evidence summary: ACT versus waiting-list control." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab26"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab26/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab26">Table 26</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Clinical evidence summary: ACT versus waiting-list control. </p></div></div><p>See <a href="#niceng155er11.appf">appendix F</a> for full GRADE tables.</p></div></div></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.5"><h3>1.5. Economic evidence</h3><div id="niceng155er11.s1.5.1"><h4>1.5.1. Included studies</h4><p>One health economic study was identified with the relevant comparison and has been included in this review.<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref37" rid="niceng155er11.ref37"><sup>37</sup></a> This is summarised in the health economic evidence profile below (<a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab4" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab4">Table 4</a>) and the health economic evidence table in <a href="#niceng155er11.apph">appendix H</a>.</p></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.5.2"><h4>1.5.2. Excluded studies</h4><p>Two economic studies relating to this review question were identified but were excluded due to methodological limitations. These are listed in <a href="#niceng155er11.appi">appendix I</a>, with reasons for exclusion given.</p><p>See also the health economic study selection flow chart in <a href="#niceng155er11.appg">appendix G</a>.</p></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.5.3"><h4>1.5.3. Summary of studies included in the economic evidence review</h4><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab27"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab27/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 27" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab27" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab27"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab27/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab27/?report=previmg" alt="Table 27. Health economic evidence profile: Specialised care versus usual care." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab27"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab27/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab27">Table 27</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Health economic evidence profile: Specialised care versus usual care. </p></div></div></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.5.4"><h4>1.5.4. Health economic modelling</h4><p>In order to explore the most cost-effective method of delivering psychological therapy for people who have tinnitus related distress, a threshold analysis was conducted.</p><div id="niceng155er11.s1.5.4.1"><h5>Methods and inputs</h5><p>The committee specified some typical psychological interventions to be evaluated. These interventions were selected on the basis that they had demonstrated evidence of clinical effectiveness in the literature. These are described in <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab28/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab28" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab28">Table 28</a> and <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab29/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab29" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab29">Table 29</a>. The main NHS resource use involved in these interventions is staff time and this was costed using a standard national source <a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref18" rid="niceng155er11.ref18"><sup>18</sup></a> – see <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab30/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab30" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab30">Table 30</a>. Using this information, costs per patient for each intervention have been calculated – see <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab31/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab31" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab31">Table 31</a>.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab28"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab28/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 28" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab28" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab28"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab28/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab28/?report=previmg" alt="Table 28. Description of psychological strategies and the staff requirement." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab28"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab28/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab28">Table 28</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Description of psychological strategies and the staff requirement. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab29"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab29/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 29" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab29" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab29"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab29/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab29/?report=previmg" alt="Table 29. Frequency of supervision." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab29"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab29/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab29">Table 29</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Frequency of supervision. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab30"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab30/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 30" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab30" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab30"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab30/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab30/?report=previmg" alt="Table 30. UK costs of clinical psychologists." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab30"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab30/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab30">Table 30</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">UK costs of clinical psychologists. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab31"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab31/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 31" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab31" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab31"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab31/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab31/?report=previmg" alt="Table 31. Cost per patient for different psychological therapies." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab31"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab31/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab31">Table 31</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Cost per patient for different psychological therapies. </p></div></div><p>The results from <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab31/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab31" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab31">Table 31</a> demonstrated that digital CBT is the least expensive intervention and individual CBT is the most expensive intervention. However, the committee reported that in current practice, a proportion of people with tinnitus, after an initial psychological intervention, will need to be stepped to a second-line psychological intervention. <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab32/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab32" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab32">Table 32</a> lists the proportion of individuals that would need to be stepped up from a hypothetical population of 1000 people with tinnitus.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab32"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab32/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 32" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab32" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab32"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab32/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab32/?report=previmg" alt="Table 32. Number of patients that require an additional intervention from a hypothetical (n=1000) tinnitus population." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab32"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab32/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab32">Table 32</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Number of patients that require an additional intervention from a hypothetical (n=1000) tinnitus population. </p></div></div></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.5.4.2"><h5>Threshold analysis – base case results</h5><p>Interventions are generally considered cost-effective if they cost less than £20,000 per QALY gained. The QALYs gained that would be required for an intervention to be cost effective at this threshold compared with no psychological intervention was calculated. <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab33/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab33" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab33">Table 33</a> presents the costs of delivering psychological interventions while taking into consideration that a number of people with tinnitus will need to be stepped to second line intervention (see <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab32/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab32" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab32">Table 32</a>). <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab33/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab33" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab33">Table 33</a> also presents the incremental QALYs that need to be generated for a particular psychological strategy to be cost-effective. The method used to calculate the incremental QALYs required was as follows:
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<blockquote><p>ICER (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio) = Incremental costs ÷ Incremental QALY</p><p>Therefore: Incremental QALYs = Incremental costs ÷ ICER</p><p>At the threshold of cost effectiveness the ICER=20,000 per QALY and so</p><p>Incremental QALYs=Incremental cost ÷ 20,000.</p></blockquote></p><p>Alongside the study by Maes(2014) study, the committee also requested that they be presented with QALY gains from RCTs exploring the clinical effectiveness of psychological interventions to help people with chronic pain. This population was chosen because the committee were of the view that the way people experience symptoms of chronic pain are similar to the experiences people have with tinnitus. The relevant studies selected and the QALY gains achieved in those studies by the respective psychological intervention are listed in <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab34/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab34" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab34">Table 34</a>.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab33"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab33/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 33" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab33" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab33"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab33/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab33/?report=previmg" alt="Table 33. Mean cost of different psychological therapy strategies and QALY gained required for the strategy to be cost effective compared to no intervention." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab33"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab33/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab33">Table 33</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Mean cost of different psychological therapy strategies and QALY gained required for the strategy to be cost effective compared to no intervention. </p></div></div><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figniceng155er11tab34"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab34/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table 34" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab34" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab34"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab34/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab34/?report=previmg" alt="Table 34. QALY gains achieved by adults with chronic pain after receiving psychological interventions." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="niceng155er11.tab34"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab34/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab34">Table 34</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">QALY gains achieved by adults with chronic pain after receiving psychological interventions. </p></div></div><p>In order to consider how sensitive the costs were in relation to the proportion of people that require an additional intervention, a sensitivity analysis was conducted. In the sensitivity analysis the proportion requiring an additional intervention was adjusted from 0% - 100%. The results are presented in <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.fig1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11fig1" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11fig1">Figure 1</a> which also highlights the base case assumptions (denoted as a diamond on each line), that is, how many people will be stepped to a second line intervention as described in <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab32/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab32" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab32">Table 32</a>. There is also a dotted line to illustrate the cost of the least expensive strategy in the base case.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col fig" id="figniceng155er11fig1" co-legend-rid="figlgndniceng155er11fig1"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.fig1/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Figure 1" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11fig1" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11fig1"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11f1.gif" src-large="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11f1.jpg" alt="Figure 1. Sensitivity analysis of mean cost per patient for each psychological therapy strategy." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt" id="figlgndniceng155er11fig1"><h4 id="niceng155er11.fig1"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.fig1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11fig1">Figure 1</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">Sensitivity analysis of mean cost per patient for each psychological therapy strategy. Diamonds indicate base case analysis estimates </p></div></div></div></div></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.6"><h3>1.6. Evidence statements</h3><div id="niceng155er11.s1.6.1"><h4>1.6.1. Clinical evidence statements</h4><div id="niceng155er11.s1.6.1.1"><h5>Cognitive behavioural therapy</h5><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>CBT versus waiting-list control</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>Four studies (n=173) were included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes: tinnitus annoyance and general quality of life. There was a clinical benefit of CBT for the outcomes tinnitus distress (at longer follow-up), tinnitus-related quality of life (post-treatment), anxiety (measured using the VAS). There was no clinical difference between CBT and waiting-list control for the outcomes tinnitus severity, tinnitus distress (post-treatment), tinnitus loudness, tinnitus annoyance, depression, anxiety (measured using the HADS) and sleep disturbance. The overall quality of the evidence was Very Low to Low due to risk of bias, inconsistency and imprecision.</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>CBT versus control (masking)</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>One study (n=100) was included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes: tinnitus distress, health-related quality of life, tinnitus-related quality of life and tinnitus annoyance. There was a clinical benefit of CBT for the outcome of tinnitus severity. There was no clinical difference between CBT and masking for the outcomes of depression and anxiety. The overall quality of the evidence was Very Low to Low due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>CBT versus information only</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>One study (n=105) were included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes: tinnitus severity, general quality of life, tinnitus annoyance and tinnitus-related quality of life. There was no clinical difference between CBT and information only for the outcomes of tinnitus distress and depression. The overall quality of the evidence was Very Low to Low due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>CBT versus education</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>Three studies (n=163) were included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcome: health-related quality of life. There was clinical benefit of CBT for the outcomes tinnitus distress (post-treatment), tinnitus-related quality of life (post-treatment) and tinnitus annoyance (at a longer follow-up). There was no clinical difference between CBT and education for the outcomes tinnitus distress (at a longer follow-up), tinnitus-related quality of life (at a longer follow-up), tinnitus annoyance (post-treatment), tinnitus loudness ad depression. The overall quality of the evidence was Very Low to Low due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>CBT versus relaxation</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>One study (n=59) was included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes: tinnitus annoyance, general quality of life and tinnitus-related quality of life. There was a clinical benefit of CBT for the outcome of depression. There was no clinical difference between CBT and relaxation for the outcomes of tinnitus severity, tinnitus distress and tinnitus loudness. The overall quality of the evidence was Very Low due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>CBT versus passive relaxation training</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>One study (n=18) was included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes tinnitus severity, general quality of life and tinnitus-related quality of life. There was a clinical benefit of CBT for the outcome of anxiety (measured using the STAI-trait). There was no clinical difference between CBT and passive relaxation training for the outcomes tinnitus annoyance, tinnitus loudness, tinnitus distress, insomnia, depression and anxiety (measured using the STAI-state). The overall quality of the evidence was Very Low due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>CBT versus applied relaxation training</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>One study (n=23) was included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes: tinnitus severity, general quality of life and tinnitus-related quality of life. There was no clinical difference between CBT and passive relaxation training for the outcomes tinnitus annoyance, tinnitus loudness, tinnitus distress, insomnia, depression and anxiety. The overall quality of the evidence was Very Low due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>CBT-stepped intervention versus usual care</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>One study (n=394) was included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes: tinnitus distress and tinnitus annoyance. There was clinical benefit of the CBT-stepped intervention for general quality of life. There was no clinical difference between the CBT-stepped intervention and usual care for the outcomes of tinnitus severity, tinnitus-related quality of life, depression and anxiety. The overall quality of the evidence was Moderate to High due to imprecision.</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>CBT (self-help book) versus waiting-list control</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>One study (n=125) was included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes: tinnitus severity, tinnitus annoyance, general quality of life and tinnitus-related quality of life. There was clinical difference between CBT (self-help books) and waiting-list control for the outcome of tinnitus distress. The overall quality of the evidence was Very Low due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>CBT (bibliotherapy) versus information only</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>One study (n=109) was included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes: tinnitus severity, tinnitus annoyance, general quality of life and tinnitus-related quality of life. There was no clinical difference between CBT (bibliotherapy) and information only for the outcomes of tinnitus distress and depression. The overall quality of the evidence was Very Low to Low due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>CBT versus control (web discussion forum)</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>One study (n=81) was included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes: tinnitus annoyance, general quality of life and tinnitus-related quality of life. There was clinical benefit of CBT for the outcomes tinnitus severity and tinnitus distress. There was no clinical difference between CBT and the control group for the outcomes depression, anxiety and sleep. The overall quality of the evidence was Very Low due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>iCBT versus waiting-list control</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>One study (n=72) was included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes: tinnitus severity, tinnitus distress, general quality of life and tinnitus-related quality of life. There was no clinical difference between iCBT and waiting-list control for the outcomes of tinnitus annoyance, tinnitus loudness, depression and anxiety. The overall quality of the evidence was Very Low due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>iCBT versus information only</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>Two study (n=161) was included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes: tinnitus severity, general quality of life and tinnitus-related quality of life. There was no clinical difference between iCBT and information only for the outcomes of tinnitus distress, tinnitus annoyance, tinnitus loudness, depression, anxiety and sleep. The overall quality of the evidence was Very Low due to risk of bias, inconsistency and imprecision.</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>iCBT versus tinnitus information counselling</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>One study (n=88) was included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes: tinnitus annoyance and tinnitus-related quality of life. There was clinical benefit of iCBT for tinnitus severity, tinnitus distress and sleep (at a longer follow-up). There was no clinical difference between iCBT and “tinnitus information counselling” for the outcomes for tinnitus severity, tinnitus distress and sleep (post-treatment), general quality of life, depression and anxiety (when measured post-treatment and a longer follow-up). The overall quality of the evidence was Very Low to Low due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>iCBT versus control (web discussion forum)</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>One study (n=262) was included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes: tinnitus annoyance, general quality of life and tinnitus-related quality of life. There was a clinical benefit of iCBT for the outcomes tinnitus severity and distress and tinnitus distress. There was no clinical difference between iCBT and the control group for the outcomes quality of life, depression, anxiety and sleep. The overall quality of the evidence was Very Low to Low due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>iCBT versus iACT</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>One study (n=63) was included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes: tinnitus annoyance, general quality of life and tinnitus-related quality of life. There was a clinical benefit of iCBT for the outcome of sleep. There was no clinical difference between iCBT and iACT for the outcomes tinnitus severity and distress, general quality of life, depression and anxiety. The overall quality of the evidence was Very Low due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>Biofeedback versus waiting-list control</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>One study (n=42) was included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes: tinnitus severity, tinnitus annoyance, general quality of life and tinnitus-related quality of life. There was no clinical difference between biofeedback and waiting-list control for the outcomes tinnitus distress, general quality of life and tinnitus loudness. The overall quality of the evidence was Very Low due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>Biofeedback-based CBT versus waiting-list control</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>One study (n=111) was included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes: tinnitus annoyance, general quality of life and tinnitus-related quality of life. There was clinical benefit of biofeedback-based CBT for the outcome of tinnitus severity (when measured using the TQ). There was no clinical difference between biofeedback-based CBT and waiting-list control for the outcomes tinnitus severity (measured using the Global Severity Index of SLC-90-R), tinnitus distress, tinnitus loudness, depression and sleep. The overall quality of the evidence was Moderate to Low due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>Behavioural therapy versus waiting-list control</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>One study (n=24) was included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes: tinnitus severity, tinnitus distress, general quality of life and tinnitus-related quality of life. There was no clinical difference between behavioural therapy and waiting-list control for the outcomes tinnitus annoyance, tinnitus loudness and depression. The overall quality of the evidence was Very Low due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.6.1.2"><h5>Mindfulness-based therapies</h5><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy versus relaxation</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>One study (n=68) was included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes: tinnitus distress, tinnitus annoyance, general quality of life and tinnitus-related quality of life. There was clinical benefit of tinnitus severity (when measured using the TFI). There was no clinical difference between mindfulness-based cognitive therapy and relaxation for the outcomes tinnitus severity, tinnitus loudness, depression and anxiety. The overall quality of the evidence was High to Moderate due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>Mindfulness meditation versus relaxation therapy</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>One study (n=61) was included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes: tinnitus distress, tinnitus annoyance, general quality of life and tinnitus-related quality of life. There was no clinical difference between mindfulness meditation and relaxation therapy for the outcomes tinnitus severity, tinnitus loudness, depression and anxiety. The overall quality of the evidence was Very Low due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>Mindfulness and body-psychotherapy-based group treatment versus waiting-list control</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>One study (n=31) was included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes: tinnitus distress, general quality of life and tinnitus-related quality of life. There was clinical benefit of mindfulness and body-psychotherapy-based group treatment for the outcome tinnitus severity (measured using THI) and depression. There was no clinical difference between mindfulness and body-psychotherapy-based group treatment and waiting-list control for the outcomes tinnitus severity (measured using TQ), tinnitus annoyance and tinnitus loudness. The overall quality of the evidence was Very Low due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.6.1.3"><h5>Acceptance and commitment therapy</h5><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>iACT versus control (web discussion forum)</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>One study (n=65) was included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes: tinnitus annoyance, general quality of life and tinnitus-related quality of life. There was clinical benefit of iACT for the outcomes tinnitus severity and distress and anxiety. There was no clinical difference between iACT and the control group for the outcomes quality of life, depression and sleep. The overall quality of the evidence was Low to Very Low due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<b>ACT versus waiting-list control</b>
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</div></li></ul><p>One study (n=44) was included in this comparison; no clinical evidence was reported for the critical outcomes: tinnitus distress, tinnitus annoyance, general quality of life and tinnitus-related quality of life. There was clinical benefit of ACT for the outcomes tinnitus severity. There was no clinical difference between ACT and waiting-list for the outcomes general quality of life, depression, anxiety and sleep. The overall quality of the evidence was Very Low due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p></div></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.6.2"><h4>1.6.2. Health economic evidence statements</h4><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>One cost–utility analysis found that a tinnitus pathway which included group stepped CBT approach was cost effective compared with individual consultation with a support worker when appropriate for treating bothersome tinnitus (ICER: £7001 per QALY gained). This analysis was assessed as partially applicable with potentially serious limitations.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>One original comparative cost analysis found that
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>group therapy stepped up to individual CBT was less costly than individual CBT alone for treating tinnitus (cost saving: £127-£206per patient depending on type of group intervention).</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Internet CBT stepped up to individual CBT was less costly than individual CBT alone for treating tinnitus (cost saving: £102-£194 per patient depending on step-up rate assumed).</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Internet CBT stepped up to individual <i>or group</i> CBT was less costly than individual CBT alone for treating tinnitus (cost saving: £150-£219 per patient depending on step-up rate assumed).</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>The results were sensitive to the success rate of the first line therapy</div></li></ul></div></li></ul><p>This analysis was assessed as partially applicable (no QALYs) with potentially serious limitations (success rate of first line therapy is highly uncertain).</p></div></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.7"><h3>1.7. The committee’s discussion of the evidence</h3><div id="niceng155er11.s1.7.1"><h4>1.7.1. Interpreting the evidence</h4><div id="niceng155er11.s1.7.1.1"><h5>1.7.1.1. The outcomes that matter most</h5><p>Tinnitus distress, annoyance and tinnitus severity were critical outcomes as they were thought to be common factors for people with tinnitus and impact their quality of life. Quality of life (QoL) (tinnitus-related) general QoL were also critical outcomes due to their impact on the person with tinnitus.</p><p>Tinnitus loudness, anxiety, depression, sleep, safety, tolerability and side effects were thought to be important outcomes.</p></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.7.1.2"><h5>1.7.1.2. The quality of the evidence</h5><p>Twenty-four randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included in this review that evaluated psychological therapies for the management of tinnitus in adults. The evidence for this review was centred on cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), mindfulness-based therapies and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT). No evidence was identified for the use of psychological therapies in children with tinnitus.</p><div id="niceng155er11.s1.7.1.2.1"><h5>Cognitive behavioural therapy</h5><p>Different delivery forms of CBT were evaluated within sixteen studies including group CBT sessions, internet-based CBT (iCBT)/digital CBT, provision of CBT self-help book, bibliotherapy (use of CBT manual and CD for progressive muscle relaxation), biofeedback-based CBT and stepped-CBT intervention. These interventions were compared with waiting-list control, provision of information only, education, relaxation, tinnitus information counselling, control group involving a web discussion forum and usual care. Across these comparisons, the outcomes: tinnitus distress, tinnitus severity, general quality of life, tinnitus annoyance, tinnitus loudness, depression, anxiety and sleep were reported. The evidence was graded very low to high due to risk of bias, imprecision and inconsistency.</p></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.7.1.2.2"><h5>Mindfulness-based therapies</h5><p>Three different types of mindfulness-based therapies were evaluated within four studies – mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) for tinnitus, mindfulness meditation, mindfulness and body-psychotherapy-based group therapy. These interventions were compared with relaxation (for two of the interventions: mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, mindfulness meditation) or waiting-list control. The only critical outcome reported was tinnitus severity, with the important outcomes of tinnitus loudness, tinnitus annoyance, depression and anxiety reported. The evidence was graded very low to high due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.7.1.2.3"><h5>Acceptance and commitment therapy</h5><p>ACT was evaluated in two studies, which investigated a standard ACT therapy or internet-based ACT. These were compared with a control of a web discussion forum or waiting-list control. Included studies reported outcome data for critical outcomes (tinnitus distress, tinnitus severity and general QoL) and important outcomes (depression, anxiety and sleep). The evidence was graded very low to low due to risk of bias and imprecision.</p></div></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.7.1.3"><h5>1.7.1.3. Benefits and harms</h5><div id="niceng155er11.s1.7.1.3.1"><h5>Cognitive behavioural therapies</h5><p>Across a majority of the studies with CBT as the main intervention evaluated, there was clinical benefit of CBT in terms of tinnitus distress and tinnitus severity – two of the critical outcomes for this review. There was no clinical difference between CBT and study comparators in terms of general quality of life, tinnitus annoyance, tinnitus loudness, depression and anxiety and sleep.</p><p>CBT is widely used for different presentations but CBT used for the management of tinnitus is tailored in order to make the intervention relevant and useful for people with tinnitus. The guideline committee noted that tinnitus related CBT is not commonly used across the UK; it is currently delivered in specialist tinnitus centres. The most common form of CBT used within current practice is a diluted CBT intervention which uses CBT principles; it is delivered within audiology services in an individual format with limited supervision from psychologists. Whilst digital CBT is unavailable or where it is not suitable, group CBT should be used as the first-line psychological therapy. In current practice, the selection of group-CBT or individual-CBT is made on a case-by-case basis and mainly dependent on the availability of CBT services and individual preferences. The committee noted that some people may be hesitant about group-CBT at first but may find it a more meaningful and positive experience.</p><p>Seven studies included in this review evaluated the use of iCBT (also known as digital CBT or internet based CBT) for tinnitus, and showed that it can be effective in reducing tinnitus severity and distress. Internet-based CBT is not currently available in the UK. The committee are however optimistic that it will become available in the UK and predict that the use of digital CBT will start within specialist tinnitus centres and availability will increase over time. This optimism is primarily driven around the successful use of digital CBT for other conditions (e.g. NICE guidelines on depression in adults, CG90) and the committee are of the view that providers, working alongside clinicians with experiences in working with people with tinnitus, will take the initiative to adapt these existing tools for the tinnitus population. There are practical benefits of using digital CBT including that location is less likely to be a limiting factor as it can accessed remotely. Additionally, a more modest time commitment would be required from people with tinnitus. For healthcare professionals, digital CBT can also assist in the triaging of people with tinnitus to appropriate services.</p><p>The committee acknowledged the evidence of a CBT stepped intervention which had high quality evidence and showed clinical benefit in terms of tinnitus-related quality of life and general quality of life. The guideline committee noted the importance of tailoring interventions to the individual needs of people with tinnitus, i.e. by using a stepped approach.</p><p>Two studies evaluated the use of biofeedback interventions, reporting that some evidence of clinical benefit of biofeedback-based CBT for the outcome tinnitus severity. There was no clinical difference between the biofeedback interventions and waiting-list control for tinnitus distress, quality of life, tinnitus loudness, depression and sleep. The committee discussed that biofeedback is rarely used within current practice; its use is largely limited to behavioural psychology settings.</p></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.7.1.3.2"><h5>Mindfulness-based therapies</h5><p>Mindfulness-based therapies are not commonly used in current practice; there is very limited access to these interventions (it is mainly offered in specialist tinnitus centres). One study that evaluated MBCT for tinnitus presented evidence that showed a clinical benefit of MBCT in improving tinnitus severity. Similar to CBT interventions, there was no clinical difference between MBCT and relaxation for tinnitus loudness, depression and anxiety.</p></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.7.1.3.3"><h5>Acceptance and commitment therapy</h5><p>ACT is not routinely used in current practice in the UK for tinnitus, When ACT was compared with waiting-list control and control (web discussion forum) there was reported clinical benefit of ACT (standard-ACT and iACT) in terms of tinnitus severity, distress and depression. There was no clinical difference between ACT and comparators in terms of general quality of life, depression, anxiety and sleep.</p></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.7.1.3.4"><h5>Psychological therapies for children and young people</h5><p>Psychological therapies for children and young people with tinnitus are primarily offered in specialist tinnitus centres with variability in the types of psychological therapies available. The majority of the psychological therapies used with children and young people with tinnitus have CBT principles and techniques. Narrative therapy principles and techniques are also used. The committee noted that for psychological therapies to be delivered effectively in this population, healthcare professionals need to work systemically with children and young people, involving parents, carers and teachers. No evidence was identified for the clinical effectiveness of psychological therapies in children and young people with tinnitus. The guideline committee made a recommendation for further research.</p><p>The evidence identified indicates that the psychological therapies used for the management of tinnitus have limited effects on depression and anxiety. The committee noted that the inclusion and exclusion criteria used within research may be a contributing factor to this. Whilst this guideline does not address the management of depression and anxiety in people with tinnitus as these are covered by other NICE guidelines, it was acknowledged that individuals who have mental disorders tend to be excluded from studies. As a result, participants score lower on psychological outcome measures before the initiation of psychological therapies and there is minimal improvement.</p><p>The committee also noted that there was no evidence for the use of psychological therapies for people who are d/Deaf or who have a severe-to-profound hearing loss. Standard care for tinnitus in this population is not feasible, it is important that effective interventions are developed and investigated. The committee agreed that a research recommendation is made for the use of psychological therapies for this population (see <a href="#niceng155er11.appj">Appendix J</a>:)</p><p>After reviewing all of the evidence and the potential benefit that psychological therapies can have in improving tinnitus outcomes, the committee felt that it would be appropriate to recommend the consideration of CBT (digital CBT, group-CBT and individual-CBT), mindfulness-based therapies and ACT for people with tinnitus. The committee agreed that a stepped approach to these psychological therapies should be considered. If a person does not benefit from the first psychological intervention they try (digital CBT) or declines an intervention, an alternative intervention from the next step should be offered (group-based tinnitus psychological therapies (CBT, ACT or mindfulness-based cognitive therapy then individual-CBT).</p><p>Use of these interventions is specifically recommended in individuals with tinnitus related distress (tinnitus that is causing an impact on emotional and social well-being and day-to-day activities). The committee decided to introduce this caveat as it was acknowledged that these interventions are generally used for severe cases of tinnitus where tinnitus cannot be managed using other interventions. Additionally, the majority of the evidence in this review evaluated psychological therapies in populations with tinnitus related distress.</p></div></div></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.7.2"><h4>1.7.2. Cost effectiveness and resource use</h4><p>There was a single cost-effectiveness analysis identified in the literature conducted from a Dutch perspective.<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref37" rid="niceng155er11.ref37"><sup>37</sup></a> This study considered group CBT in combination with other psychological strategies delivered using a stepped approach for people with moderate or severe tinnitus. This intervention was compared with individual consultations with a support worker when necessary. This cost-utility model found that group CBT stepped approach cost £7001 per QALY gained, which would be considered cost-effective at the £20,000 per QALY gained threshold from an NHS perspective. However, a key limitation of this Dutch study is that it is a cost-utility analysis of the entire tinnitus management pathway (see <a href="#niceng155er11.apph">Appendix H</a>) as opposed to the specific CBT component. Therefore, it is still unclear as to whether CBT for people with tinnitus would be a cost-effective intervention for the NHS to implement. Furthermore, there is no evidence that any psychological intervention for tinnitus is better than any other in terms of improving quality of life.</p><div id="niceng155er11.s1.7.2.1"><h5>The comparative cost of different psychological therapy strategies</h5><p>In order to explore the economic implications of the different psychological interventions available for people with tinnitus related distress, a costing analysis was presented to the committee. As there is no evidence of significant clinical differences between the strategies, the aim was to identify the lowest cost strategy for delivering psychological therapies. The results demonstrated that in scenarios where no second-line intervention was provided, digital CBT (which includes an online or internet based intervention with short weekly phone calls) was the least expensive intervention (£106) followed by the group interventions ranging from £174 - £201 per intervention per person. Individual CBT was the most expensive intervention at £400 per person. However, when an initial intervention proves ineffective, people with tinnitus are often provided with an additional intervention. When this was factored into the analysis (using the expert opinions of the committee) group mindfulness based therapy was the least expensive (£194 per person) and individual CBT remained the most expensive at £420 per person.</p><p>One important consideration for the committee was their level of uncertainty with respect to the proportion of people who will require an additional intervention. For example, the committee based their estimate of 5% of people requiring a second line intervention after receiving mindfulness based cognitive therapies on their experiences of current practice but this might not be generalizable to the entire NHS. The same could be said for the high (48%) estimate of people requiring an additional intervention after undergoing digital CBT. The estimate was derived from the study by Beukes (2018)<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref9" rid="niceng155er11.ref9"><sup>9</sup></a> where 52% of people had a TFI score less than 25, after undergoing digital CBT. This group were considered to have achieved a significant clinical improvement in their tinnitus. However, using this source may have resulted in an overestimation of the proportion that requires a second line intervention, because a change from 50 to 30 for example on the TFI may be enough such that the person does not seek or require an additional intervention. There are also likely to be some people with tinnitus who may see a small or no reduction in their score after completing the initial intervention and decide a psychological intervention is not suitable for them. Both these cases would mean that the proportion requiring an upgrade is much smaller than the estimate that has been derived from Beukes (2018).</p><p>After considering the limitations of the Beukes (2018) study, the committee agreed that 25% of people with tinnitus requiring an additional intervention after initially trying digital based CBT was a more plausible estimate, and using this assumption, the cost of digital CBT reduced to £206 per person. Mindfulness based cognitive therapy remained a slightly less expensive intervention at £194 per person (see <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.fig1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11fig1" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11fig1">Figure 1</a>). However, the committee noted, based on the level of engagement a person with tinnitus has with the digital CBT approach (i.e. completing weekly sessions and ensuring weekly phone calls with clinicians take place), clinicians would be able to appropriately identify whether a group or an individual approach would be more suitable on a case by case basis. In a scenario where 12.5% of people are stepped to individual CBT and the other 12.5% is stepped to group CBT after completing digital CBT, the cost of digital CBT is further reduced to £181, becoming the least expensive intervention. Digital CBT would be less expensive than group mindfulness based cognitive therapy even if 21% of people are triaged to individual CBT and the remaining 4% receive group CBT. In practice, the committee believed that less people would require individual CBT.</p><p>Individual CBT was the most costly strategy and the committee were of the view that there is no available evidence which would suggest individual based interventions are more clinically effective for tinnitus compared with group based interventions. Therefore, individual CBT should be considered only after other interventions have been unsuccessful (i.e. digital or group based interventions).</p></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.7.2.2"><h5>QALY gains from psychological therapy</h5><p>An important consideration for the committee was to determine whether the interventions would achieve a large enough QALY gain compared to no psychological therapy to justify the costs. Therefore, a threshold analysis was completed to demonstrate to the committee the magnitude of QALY gain that would be required for each psychological strategy to be cost-effective at the £20,000 threshold (when using estimates from <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab32/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab32" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab32">Table 32</a>). This ranged from 0.010 (group mindfulness based cognitive therapy) to 0.021 (individual CBT). The committee considered the economic evaluation considered in the guideline review by Maes (2014) which reported 0.02 QALYs gained per person when specialised care which included group CBT was compared with usual care. The committee felt that this might be an overestimate of what could be achieved in the NHS by CBT alone. In this study, usual care included audiological diagnostics and interventions such as counselling and prescription of hearing aids and sound generators. In usual care people with tinnitus were also offered one or more consultations with a social worker up to a maximum of 10 sessions. In comparison the specialised care group received tinnitus education group sessions, tympanometry, loudness level measure (this diagnostic test has not been recommended in the tinnitus guideline), individual consultations with psychologists and weekly group sessions (for 12 weeks) for people judged by the trial as having moderate or severe tinnitus. As both the intervention and the comparator are complex interventions, it is unclear if the improved health outcomes are being generated by group CBT or due to the other differences between the interventions.</p><p>Due to the limitations of the Maes (2014) study, the committee requested that they be presented with QALY gains from RCTs exploring the clinical effectiveness of psychological interventions to help people with chronic pain. This population was chosen because the committee were of the view that the way people experience symptoms of chronic pain are similar to the experiences people have with tinnitus. The QALY gains achieved in this population ranged from 0.01 to 0.02 per person. If the psychological therapy for tinnitus could achieve this level of QALY gain then it would be considered cost effective. The committee considered this to be plausible and therefore made a consensus recommendation in favour of a stepped approach to psychological therapy.</p></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.7.2.3"><h5>Other considerations</h5><p>While group mindfulness based cognitive therapy was the least expensive intervention (when using the assumptions in <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab32/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab32" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab32">Table 32</a>), an advantage of the digital based approach over mindfulness is that people with tinnitus can receive their intervention faster and this would help to reduce the waiting list. It could also increase participation and engagement as the sessions could be completed according to an individual’s lifestyle as opposed to having to travel at a designated time. Furthermore, absences would result in increased costs per person in the group settings compared with a digital CBT based approach where the opportunity cost due to a lack of engagement is lower as the resource requirement is a short call or an email as opposed to a 1 hour session with two psychologists for group CBT. The committee acknowledged that digital CBT approaches for tinnitus are currently only available in research. However, given there is already clinical research in this area, there was a positive outlook that if digital CBT has been successfully implemented for other conditions (e.g. NICE guidelines on depression in adults, CG90) then the same could be achieved for adults with tinnitus.</p><p>In those cases where digital CBT is not an option, the committee have recommended the use of group sessions (CBT, mindfulness based cognitive therapy and ACT) as the preferred strategy. As the clinical evidence did not conclusively demonstrate that one of these group strategies was clinically preferable to another, the committee have recommended a range of therapies so that services can adopt strategies which are easiest to implement based on their existing staff and skills and thereby limiting the resource impact.</p><p>Finally, the committee discussed the importance of psychologists delivering these therapies as specialist skills are required for interventions such as CBT and ACT. If audiologists or other healthcare practitioners were to deliver these interventions, the committee stated that they would most likely be at the same grade, band 7, but would require greater supervision than a psychologist, and therefore the cost per person for each intervention would be the same or slightly higher. A research recommendation has been made to explore the clinical and cost effectiveness of interventions delivered by non-psychologists. The only exception to the specification of the member of staff was for mindfulness based-cognitive therapy where the committee explained that appropriately trained and supervised non-psychologists could deliver the intervention without requiring extra supervision.</p><p>Overall, this recommendation is expected to be cost-neutral. Currently, there is variation in practice, with some services offering psychological therapies for people with tinnitus related distress, while other regions do not have access to the required specialists in order to offer the interventions discussed in this review. There are some tinnitus clinics that do offer psychological therapy for people with tinnitus and in some cases these can be individual CBT sessions. These clinics would achieve cost-savings by opting to offer internet or group based interventions as a first line strategy instead. There is a potential for added expenditure for those services that currently do not offer psychological services, but the committee are of the view that these services should be made available. Due to a lack of conclusive cost-effectiveness evidence, the committee have made a ‘consider’ recommendation as opposed to an ‘offer’ recommendation. However, the savings that could be made by adopting internet or group based approaches in those services that are currently offering individual based interventions would at least partially offset the added expenditure incurred by those services that have not made psychological therapies available yet.</p><p>Finally the recommendations advocating the use of psychological therapies are specifically for adults, there was no clinical evidence available for children. The committee have therefore opted to make a research recommendation to identify the most clinical and cost-effective psychological therapy for children.</p></div></div><div id="niceng155er11.s1.7.3"><h4>1.7.3. Other factors the committee took into account</h4><p>The committee discussed that psychological therapies are currently mainly delivered in clinical psychology services and some audiology services. Current access to clinical psychology services can be difficult; these recommendations may require a change in service configuration. The committee also noted that few healthcare professionals are trained in delivering psychological therapies such as CBT, more training will need to be provided and available for healthcare professionals wishing to train in delivering CBT, MBCT for tinnitus and ACT.</p><p>Multidisciplinary working is essential for the successful delivery of psychological therapies, particularly to ensure that there is appropriate supervision and audiology and psychology services should be linked. Whilst digital CBT for tinnitus is not currently available in the UK, when it becomes available multidisciplinary work should still be applied.</p><p>The committee acknowledged that psychological management of tinnitus is met with scepticism by some people with tinnitus. Some people with tinnitus might refuse this option. Despite the scepticism around psychological therapies for managing tinnitus, lay representatives reported that people with tinnitus would generally welcome increased availability of individual and group psychological therapies. Digital CBT for tinnitus will be a welcome addition to the range of interventions available and may mean that individuals have quicker access to support.</p></div></div></div><div id="niceng155er11.rl.r1"><h2 id="_niceng155er11_rl_r1_">References</h2><dl class="temp-labeled-list"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng155er11.ref1">Abbott
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PP, Haupt
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JA. Cognitive-behavioral treatments for tinnitus: A review of the literature. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology. 2014; 25(1):29–61 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24622860" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24622860</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>16.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng155er11.ref16">Cima
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RFF, Maes
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IH, Joore
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MA, Scheyen
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L, Burns
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A. Unit costs of health and social care 2018. Canterbury. Personal Social Services Research Unit University of Kent, 2018. Available from: <a href="https://www.pssru.ac.uk/project-pages/unit-costs/unit-costs-2018/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">https://www<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​.pssru.ac<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​.uk/project-pages/unit-costs<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​/unit-costs-2018/</a></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>19.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng155er11.ref19">Davies
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RS. Relaxation and cognitive therapy: a controlled trial in chronic tinnitus. Psychology & Health. 1995; 10(2):129–143</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>20.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng155er11.ref20">Friesen
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LN, Hadjistavropoulos
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HD, Schneider
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LH, Alberts
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JL, Wilson
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PH. The psychological management of tinnitus: comparison of a combined cognitive educational program, education alone and a waiting list control. International Tinnitus Journal. 1996; 2:9–20 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10753339" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 10753339</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>22.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng155er11.ref22">Hesser
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H, Gustafsson
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T, Lunden
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C, Henrikson
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O, Fattahi
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K, Johnsson
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H, Westin
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VZ, Andersson
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G. Acceptance as a mediator in internet-delivered acceptance and commitment therapy and cognitive behavior therapy for tinnitus. Journal of Behavioral Medicine. 2014; 37(4):756–767 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23881309" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23881309</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>24.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng155er11.ref24">Hiller
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W, Haerkotter
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C. Does sound stimulation have additive effects on cognitive-behavioral treatment of chronic tinnitus?
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Behaviour Research and Therapy. 2005; 43(5):595–612 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15865915" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15865915</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>25.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng155er11.ref25">Jakes
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SC, Hallam
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RS, McKenna
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L, Hinchcliffe
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R. Group cognitive therapy for medical patients: an application to tinnitus. Cognitive Therapy and Research. 1992; 16(1):67–82</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>26.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng155er11.ref26">Jasper
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K, Weise
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C, Conrad
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I, Andersson
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G, Hiller
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W, Kleinstauber
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M. Internet-based guided self-help versus group cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic tinnitus: a randomized controlled trial. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics. 2014; 83(4):234–46 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24970708" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 24970708</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>27.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng155er11.ref27">Kaldo
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V, Cars
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S, Rahnert
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M, Larsen
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HC, Andersson
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G. Use of a self-help book with weekly therapist contact to reduce tinnitus distress: a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 2007; 63(2):195–202 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17662757" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17662757</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>28.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng155er11.ref28">Kaldo
|
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V, Levin
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S, Widarsson
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J, Buhrman
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M, Larsen
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HC, Andersson
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G. Internet versus group cognitive-behavioral treatment of distress associated with tinnitus: a randomized controlled trial. Behavior Therapy. 2008; 39(4):348–59 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19027431" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 19027431</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>29.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng155er11.ref29">Kallogjeri
|
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D, Piccirillo
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JF, Spitznagel
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E, Hale
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S, Nicklaus
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JE, Hardin
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FM
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et al. Cognitive training for adults with bothersome tinnitus: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery. 2017; 143(5):443–451 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5824313/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5824313</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28114646" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28114646</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>30.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng155er11.ref30">Kleinstauber
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M, Weise
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C, Andersson
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G, Probst
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T. Personality traits predict and moderate the outcome of Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy for chronic tinnitus. International Journal of Audiology. 2018; 57(7):538–544 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29383953" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 29383953</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>31.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng155er11.ref31">Kreuzer
|
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PM, Goetz
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M, Holl
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M, Schecklmann
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M, Landgrebe
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M, Staudinger
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S
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et al. Mindfulness-and body-psychotherapy-based group treatment of chronic tinnitus: a randomized controlled pilot study. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2012; 12:235 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3517771/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC3517771</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23186556" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 23186556</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>32.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng155er11.ref32">Krings
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JG, Winel
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A, Kallogjeri
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D, Rodebaugh
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TL, Nicklaus
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J, Lenze
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|
|
B, Hebing
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JV, Guallar
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|
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IH, Cima
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L. Psychological treatment of tinnitus. An experimental group study. Scandinavian Audiology. 1985; 14(4):223–30 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3912955" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 3912955</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>56.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng155er11.ref56">Thompson
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DJ. Psychological therapy for people with tinnitus: A scoping review of treatment components. Ear and Hearing. 2017; 38(2):149–158 [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5325252/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5325252</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27541331" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27541331</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>57.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng155er11.ref57">Tyler
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AK. Tinnitus activities treatment. Progress in Brain Research. 2007; 166:425–34 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17956807" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17956807</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>58.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng155er11.ref58">Weise
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W. Psychophysiological treatment of chronic tinnitus - results of a randomised controlled study. Verhaltenstherapie. 2005; 15:(Suppl 1):27</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>62.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng155er11.ref62">Westin
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VZ, Schulin
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C, Kroner-Herwig
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B. The comparative effectivity of tinnitus coping training (TBT) and tinnitus retraining therapy (TRT) in a long-term comparison. Verhaltenstherapie. 2003; 13:(Suppl 1):4</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>64.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng155er11.ref64">Zachriat
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R, Soderlund
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LL, Andersson
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T. Motivational interviewing as an adjunct to hearing rehabilitation for patients with tinnitus: a randomized controlled pilot trial. Journal of the American Academy of Audiology. 2016; 27(8):669–676 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27564444" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 27564444</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>66.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng155er11.ref66">Zenner
|
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HP, Vonthein
|
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R, Zenner
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B, Leuchtweis
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R, Plontke
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C, Zhong
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Y. The curative effect of cognitive behavior therapy for the treatment of chronic subjective tinnitus. Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology, Head, and Neck Surgery. 2014; 29(8):709–711 [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26248442" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 26248442</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>68.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="niceng155er11.ref68">Zoeger
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KM. Benefits from group psychotherapy in the treatment of severe refractory tinnitus. Audiological Medicine. 2008; 6(1):62–72</div></dd></dl></dl></div><div id="appendixesappgroup1"><h2 id="_appendixesappgroup1_">Appendices</h2><div id="niceng155er11.appa"><h3>Appendix A. Review protocols</h3><p id="niceng155er11.appa.et1"><a href="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11-appa-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Table 35. Review protocol: What is the clinical and cost effectiveness of psychological therapies (including cognitive behavioural therapy and mindfulness based cognitive therapy)?</a><span class="small"> (PDF, 396K)</span></p><p id="niceng155er11.appa.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appa.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appatab1" class="figpopup">Table 36. Health economic review protocol</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appb"><h3>Appendix B. Literature search strategies</h3><p>The literature searches for this review are detailed below and complied with the methodology outlined in Developing NICE guidelines: the manual.<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref48" rid="niceng155er11.ref48"><sup>48</sup></a></p><p><i>For more detailed information, please see the</i>
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<a href="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11_bm1.pdf">Methodology Review</a>.</p><div id="niceng155er11.appb.s1"><h4>B.1. Clinical search literature search strategy</h4><p>Searches were constructed using a PICO framework where population (P) terms were combined with Intervention (I) and in some cases Comparison (C) terms. Outcomes (O) are rarely used in search strategies for interventions as these concepts may not be well described in title, abstract or indexes and therefore difficult to retrieve. Search filters were applied to the search where appropriate.</p><p id="niceng155er11.appb.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appb.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appbtab1" class="figpopup">Table 37. Database date parameters and filters used</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appb.tab2"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appb.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appbtab2" class="figpopup">Medline (Ovid) search terms</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appb.tab3"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appb.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appbtab3" class="figpopup">Embase (Ovid) search terms</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appb.tab4"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appb.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appbtab4" class="figpopup">Cochrane Library (Wiley) search terms</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appb.tab5"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appb.tab5/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appbtab5" class="figpopup">CINAHL (EBSCO) search terms</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appb.tab6"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appb.tab6/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appbtab6" class="figpopup">PsycINFO (ProQuest) search terms</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appb.s2"><h4>B.2. Health Economics literature search strategy</h4><p>Health economic evidence was identified by conducting a broad search relating to the tinnitus population in NHS Economic Evaluation Database (NHS EED – this ceased to be updated after March 2015) and the Health Technology Assessment database (HTA) with no date restrictions. NHS EED and HTA databases are hosted by the Centre for Research and Dissemination (CRD). Additional searches were run on Medline and Embase for health economics and quality of life studies</p><p id="niceng155er11.appb.tab7"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appb.tab7/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appbtab7" class="figpopup">Table 38. Database date parameters and filters used</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appb.tab8"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appb.tab8/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appbtab8" class="figpopup">Medline (Ovid) search terms</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appb.tab9"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appb.tab9/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appbtab9" class="figpopup">Embase (Ovid) search terms</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appb.tab10"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appb.tab10/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appbtab10" class="figpopup">NHS EED and HTA (CRD) search terms</a></p></div></div><div id="niceng155er11.appc"><h3>Appendix C. Clinical evidence selection</h3><p id="niceng155er11.appc.fig1"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appc.fig1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appcfig1" class="figpopup">Figure 2. Flow chart of clinical study selection for the review of psychological therapies</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appd"><h3>Appendix D. Clinical evidence tables</h3><p id="niceng155er11.appd.et1"><a href="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11-appd-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Download PDF</a><span class="small"> (819K)</span></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe"><h3>Appendix E. Forest plots</h3><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s1"><h4>Cognitive behavioural therapy</h4><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s1.1"><h5>E.1. CBT versus waiting-list control</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig1"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig1" class="figpopup">Figure 3. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); GSI, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig2"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig2" class="figpopup">Figure 4. Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TQ/TRQ</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig3"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig3/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig3" class="figpopup">Figure 5. Tinnitus distress (3 months); TRQ, scale 0-104</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig4"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig4/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig4" class="figpopup">Figure 6. Tinnitus QoL (post-treatment); THQ, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig5"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig5/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig5" class="figpopup">Figure 7. Tinnitus annoyance (post-treatment); VAS</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig6"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig6/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig6" class="figpopup">Figure 8. Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); VAS</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig7"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig7/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig7" class="figpopup">Figure 9. Depression (post-treatment);BDI/ADS</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig8"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig8/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig8" class="figpopup">Figure 10. Depression (3 months); HADS, scale 0-21</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig9"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig9/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig9" class="figpopup">Figure 11. Anxiety (3 months); ASI, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig10"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig10/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig10" class="figpopup">Figure 12. Anxiety (HADS) (3 months); HADS, scale 0-21</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig11"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig11/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig11" class="figpopup">Figure 13. Sleep disturbance (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-10</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s1.2"><h5>E.2. CBT versus control (masking)</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig12"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig12/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig12" class="figpopup">Figure 14. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); THI, scale 0-100</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig13"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig13/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig13" class="figpopup">Figure 15. Depression (post-treatment); SCL-90 depression, subscale 1-5</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig14"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig14/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig14" class="figpopup">Figure 16. Anxiety (post-treatment); SCL-90 anxiety, subscale 1-5</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s1.3"><h5>E.3. CBT versus information only</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig15"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig15/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig15" class="figpopup">Figure 17. Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TQ, scale 0-84</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig16"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig16/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig16" class="figpopup">Figure 18. Tinnitus distress (9 months); TQ, scale 0-84</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig17"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig17/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig17" class="figpopup">Figure 19. Depression (post-treatment); PHQ-D, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig18"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig18/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig18" class="figpopup">Figure 20. Depression (9 months); PHQ-D, scale not reported</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s1.4"><h5>E.4. CBT versus education</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig19"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig19/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig19" class="figpopup">Figure 21. Tinnitus severity (Global Severity Index) (post-treatment)</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig20"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig20/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig20" class="figpopup">Figure 22. Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TRQ/TQ</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig21"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig21/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig21" class="figpopup">Figure 23. Tinnitus distress (12 months); TRQ, scale 0-104</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig22"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig22/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig22" class="figpopup">Figure 24. Tinnitus QoL (post-treatment); THQ, scale unclear</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig23"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig23/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig23" class="figpopup">Figure 25. Tinnitus QoL (12 months); THQ, scale unclear</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig24"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig24/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig24" class="figpopup">Figure 26. Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment)</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig25"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig25/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig25" class="figpopup">Figure 27. Tinnitus loudness (diary) (post-treatment)</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig26"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig26/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig26" class="figpopup">Figure 28. Tinnitus annoyance (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-4 (unclear)</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig27"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig27/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig27" class="figpopup">Figure 29. Tinnitus annoyance (12 months); VAS, scale 0-4 (unclear)</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig28"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig28/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig28" class="figpopup">Figure 30. Depression (post-treatment); BDI, scale 0-63</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig29"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig29/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig29" class="figpopup">Figure 31. Depression (12 months); BDI/ADS</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s1.5"><h5>E.5. CBT versus relaxation</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig30"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig30/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig30" class="figpopup">Figure 32. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); Global Severity Index, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig31"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig31/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig31" class="figpopup">Figure 33. Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TQ, scale 0-84</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig32"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig32/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig32" class="figpopup">Figure 34. Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); diary, scale 1-7</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig33"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig33/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig33" class="figpopup">Figure 35. Depression (post-treatment); ADS, scale 0-60</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s1.6"><h5>E.6. CBT versus passive relaxation training</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig34"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig34/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig34" class="figpopup">Figure 36. Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TEQ, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig35"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig35/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig35" class="figpopup">Figure 37. Tinnitus distress (4 months); TEQ, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig36"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig36/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig36" class="figpopup">Figure 38. Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); tinnitus loudness rating, scale 1-5</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig37"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig37/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig37" class="figpopup">Figure 39. Tinnitus loudness (4 months); tinnitus loudness rating, scale 1-5</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig38"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig38/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig38" class="figpopup">Figure 40. Tinnitus annoyance (post-treatment); annoyance rating, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig39"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig39/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig39" class="figpopup">Figure 41. Tinnitus annoyance (4 months); annoyance rating, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig40"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig40/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig40" class="figpopup">Figure 42. Depression (1 month); BDI, 0-63</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig41"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig41/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig41" class="figpopup">Figure 43. Anxiety (1 month); STAI-state, scale 20-80</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig42"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig42/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig42" class="figpopup">Figure 44. Anxiety (1 month); STAI-trait, scale 20-80</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig43"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig43/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig43" class="figpopup">Figure 45. Insomnia (post-treatment); TEQ, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig44"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig44/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig44" class="figpopup">Figure 46. Insomnia (4 months); TEQ, scale not reported</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s1.7"><h5>E.7. CBT versus applied relaxation training</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig45"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig45/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig45" class="figpopup">Figure 47. Tinnitus distress (post-treatment);TEQ, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig46"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig46/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig46" class="figpopup">Figure 48. Tinnitus distress (4 months);TEQ, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig47"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig47/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig47" class="figpopup">Figure 49. Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); tinnitus loudness rating, scale 1-5</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig48"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig48/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig48" class="figpopup">Figure 50. Tinnitus loudness (4 months); tinnitus loudness rating, scale 1-5</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig49"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig49/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig49" class="figpopup">Figure 51. Tinnitus annoyance (post-treatment); annoyance rating, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig50"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig50/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig50" class="figpopup">Figure 52. Tinnitus annoyance (4 months); annoyance rating, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig51"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig51/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig51" class="figpopup">Figure 53. Depression (1 month); BDI, 0-63</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig52"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig52/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig52" class="figpopup">Figure 54. Anxiety (1 month); STAI-state, scale 20-80</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig53"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig53/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig53" class="figpopup">Figure 55. Anxiety (1 month); STAI-trait, scale 20-80</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig54"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig54/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig54" class="figpopup">Figure 56. Insomnia (post-treatment);TEQ, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig55"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig55/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig55" class="figpopup">Figure 57. Insomnia (4 months);TEQ, scale not reported</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s1.8"><h5>E.8. CBT-stepped intervention versus usual care</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig56"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig56/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig56" class="figpopup">Figure 58. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment) (step 1); TQ, scale 0-84</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig57"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig57/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig57" class="figpopup">Figure 59. Tinnitus severity (12 months) (step 2); TQ, scale 0-84</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig58"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig58/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig58" class="figpopup">Figure 60. Quality of life (post-treatment) (step 1); HUI, scale -0.36-1</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig59"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig59/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig59" class="figpopup">Figure 61. Quality of life (12 months) (step 2); HUI, scale -0.36-1</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig60"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig60/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig60" class="figpopup">Figure 62. Tinnitus-related quality of life (post-treatment) (step 1); THI, scale 0-100</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig61"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig61/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig61" class="figpopup">Figure 63. Tinnitus-related quality of life (12 months) (step 2); THI, scale 0-100</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig62"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig62/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig62" class="figpopup">Figure 64. Depression and anxiety (post-treatment) (step 1); HADS, scale 0-42</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig63"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig63/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig63" class="figpopup">Figure 65. Depression and anxiety (12 months) (step 2); HADS, scale 0-42</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s1.9"><h5>E.9. CBT (self-help book) versus waiting-list control</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig64"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig64/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig64" class="figpopup">Figure 66. Tinnitus distress (3 months); TRQ, scale 0-104</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s1.10"><h5>E.10. CBT (bibliotherapy/self-help) versus information only</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig65"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig65/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig65" class="figpopup">Figure 67. Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TQ, scale 0-84</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig66"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig66/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig66" class="figpopup">Figure 68. Tinnitus distress (9 months); TQ, scale 0-84</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig67"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig67/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig67" class="figpopup">Figure 69. Depression (post-treatment); PHQ-D, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig68"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig68/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig68" class="figpopup">Figure 70. Depression (9 months); PHQ-D, scale not reported</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s1.11"><h5>E.11. CBT versus control (web discussion forum)</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig69"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig69/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig69" class="figpopup">Figure 71. Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); Mini-TQ, scale 0-24</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig70"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig70/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig70" class="figpopup">Figure 72. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); THI, scale 0-100</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig71"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig71/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig71" class="figpopup">Figure 73. Depression (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig72"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig72/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig72" class="figpopup">Figure 74. Anxiety (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig73"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig73/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig73" class="figpopup">Figure 75. Sleep (post-treatment); ISI, scale 0-28</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s1.12"><h5>E.12. iCBT versus waiting-list control</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig74"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig74/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig74" class="figpopup">Figure 76. Tinnitus annoyance (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-10</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig75"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig75/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig75" class="figpopup">Figure 77. Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-10</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig76"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig76/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig76" class="figpopup">Figure 78. Depression (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig77"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig77/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig77" class="figpopup">Figure 79. Depression (1 year); HADS, scale 0-21</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig78"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig78/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig78" class="figpopup">Figure 80. Anxiety (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig79"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig79/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig79" class="figpopup">Figure 81. Anxiety (1 year); HADS, scale 0-21</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig80"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig80/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig80" class="figpopup">Figure 82. Sleep (post-treatment), VAS, scale 0-10</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s1.13"><h5>E.13. iCBT versus information only</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig81"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig81/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig81" class="figpopup">Figure 83. Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TQ/TRQ, scale 0-84</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig82"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig82/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig82" class="figpopup">Figure 84. Tinnitus distress (9 months); TQ, scale 0-84</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig83"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig83/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig83" class="figpopup">Figure 85. Tinnitus annoyance (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-10</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig84"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig84/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig84" class="figpopup">Figure 86. Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-10</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig85"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig85/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig85" class="figpopup">Figure 87. Depression (post-treatment); PHQ-D/DASS</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig86"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig86/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig86" class="figpopup">Figure 88. Depression (9 months); PHQ-D, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig87"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig87/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig87" class="figpopup">Figure 89. Anxiety (post-treatment); DASS, scale 0-120</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig88"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig88/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig88" class="figpopup">Figure 90. Sleep (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-10</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s1.14"><h5>E.14. iCBT versus tinnitus information counselling</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig89"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig89/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig89" class="figpopup">Figure 91. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); THI, scale 0-100</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig90"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig90/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig90" class="figpopup">Figure 92. Tinnitus severity (2 months); THI, scale 0-100</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig91"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig91/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig91" class="figpopup">Figure 93. Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TFI, scale 0-100</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig92"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig92/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig92" class="figpopup">Figure 94. Tinnitus distress (2 months); TFI, scale 0-100</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig93"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig93/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig93" class="figpopup">Figure 95. Quality of life (post-treatment); SWLS (Satisfaction With Life Scales, scale 5-35</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig94"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig94/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig94" class="figpopup">Figure 96. Quality of life (2 months); SWLS (Satisfaction With Life Scales, scale 5-35</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig95"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig95/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig95" class="figpopup">Figure 97. Depression (post-treatment); PHQ-9, scale 0-27</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig96"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig96/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig96" class="figpopup">Figure 98. Depression (2 months); PHQ-9, scale 0-27</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig97"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig97/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig97" class="figpopup">Figure 99. Anxiety (post-treatment); GAD-7, scale 0-21</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig98"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig98/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig98" class="figpopup">Figure 100. Anxiety (2 months); GAD-7, scale 0-21</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig99"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig99/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig99" class="figpopup">Figure 101. Sleep (post-treatment); ISI, scale 0-28</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig100"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig100/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig100" class="figpopup">Figure 102. Sleep (2 months); ISI, scale 0-28</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s1.15"><h5>E.15. iCBT versus control (web discussion forum)</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig101"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig101/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig101" class="figpopup">Figure 103. Tinnitus severity and distress (8-10 weeks); THI, scale 0-100</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig102"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig102/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig102" class="figpopup">Figure 104. Tinnitus distress (8-10 weeks); Mini-TQ, scale 0-20</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig103"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig103/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig103" class="figpopup">Figure 105. Quality of life (8 weeks); QoLI, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig104"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig104/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig104" class="figpopup">Figure 106. Depression (8-10 weeks); HADS, scale 0-21</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig105"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig105/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig105" class="figpopup">Figure 107. Anxiety (8-10 weeks); HADS, scale 0-21</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig106"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig106/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig106" class="figpopup">Figure 108. Sleep (8-10 weeks), ISI, scale 0-28</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s1.16"><h5>E.16. iCBT versus iACT</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig107"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig107/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig107" class="figpopup">Figure 109. Tinnitus distress and severity (8 weeks);THI, scale 0-100</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig108"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig108/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig108" class="figpopup">Figure 110. Tinnitus distress and severity (12 months); THI, scale 0-100</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig109"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig109/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig109" class="figpopup">Figure 111. Quality of life (8 weeks); QoLI, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig110"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig110/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig110" class="figpopup">Figure 112. Quality of life (12 months) QoLI, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig111"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig111/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig111" class="figpopup">Figure 113. Anxiety (8 weeks); HADS, scale 0-21</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig112"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig112/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig112" class="figpopup">Figure 114. Anxiety (12 months); HADS, scale 0-21</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig113"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig113/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig113" class="figpopup">Figure 115. Depression (8 weeks); HADS, scale 0-21</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig114"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig114/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig114" class="figpopup">Figure 116. Depression (12 months); HADS, scale 0-21</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig115"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig115/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig115" class="figpopup">Figure 117. Sleep (8 weeks); ISI, scale 0-28</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig116"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig116/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig116" class="figpopup">Figure 118. Sleep (12 months); ISI, scale 0-28</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s1.17"><h5>E.17. Biofeedback versus waiting-list control</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig117"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig117/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig117" class="figpopup">Figure 119. Tinnitus distress (8 weeks); Tinnitus diary, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig118"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig118/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig118" class="figpopup">Figure 120. Tinnitus distress (6 months); TQ, scale 0-84</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig119"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig119/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig119" class="figpopup">Figure 121. Quality of life (8 weeks); Health Life Satisfaction, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig120"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig120/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig120" class="figpopup">Figure 122. Quality of life (6 months); Health Life Satisfaction, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig121"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig121/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig121" class="figpopup">Figure 123. Tinnitus loudness (8 weeks); Tinnitus diary, scale 0-10</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig122"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig122/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig122" class="figpopup">Figure 124. Tinnitus loudness (6 months); Tinnitus diary, scale 0-10</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s1.18"><h5>E.18. Biofeedback-based CBT versus waiting-list control</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig123"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig123/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig123" class="figpopup">Figure 125. Tinnitus severity (3 months); Global Severity Index of SLC-90-R, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig124"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig124/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig124" class="figpopup">Figure 126. Tinnitus distress (3 months); TQ, scale 0-84</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig125"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig125/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig125" class="figpopup">Figure 127. Tinnitus distress (3 months); Tinnitus diary, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig126"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig126/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig126" class="figpopup">Figure 128. Tinnitus loudness (3 months); Tinnitus diary, scale 0-10</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig127"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig127/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig127" class="figpopup">Figure 129. Depression (3 months); BDI, scale 0-63</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig128"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig128/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig128" class="figpopup">Figure 130. Sleep (3 months); Sleep disturbance diary, scale 0-10</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s1.19"><h5>E.19. Behavioural therapy versus waiting-list control</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig129"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig129/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig129" class="figpopup">Figure 131. Tinnitus loudness (direct) (post-treatment); Diary, scale 0-10</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig130"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig130/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig130" class="figpopup">Figure 132. Tinnitus loudness (retrospective) (post-treatment); Diary, scale 0-10</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig131"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig131/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig131" class="figpopup">Figure 133. Tinnitus annoyance (retrospective) (post-treatment); Diary, scale 0-10 (unclear)</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig132"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig132/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig132" class="figpopup">Figure 134. Depression (retrospective) (post-treatment); Diary, scale 0-10</a></p></div></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s2"><h4>Mindfulness-based therapies</h4><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s2.1"><h5>E.20. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy versus relaxation</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig133"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig133/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig133" class="figpopup">Figure 135. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); TQ, scale 0-84</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig134"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig134/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig134" class="figpopup">Figure 136. Tinnitus severity (6 months); TQ, scale 0-84</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig135"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig135/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig135" class="figpopup">Figure 137. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); TFI, scale 0-100</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig136"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig136/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig136" class="figpopup">Figure 138. Tinnitus severity (6 months); TFI, scale 0-100</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig137"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig137/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig137" class="figpopup">Figure 139. Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-100</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig138"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig138/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig138" class="figpopup">Figure 140. Tinnitus loudness (6 months); VAS, scale 0-100</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig139"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig139/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig139" class="figpopup">Figure 141. Depression (post-treatment); HADS/BDI</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig140"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig140/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig140" class="figpopup">Figure 142. Depression (6 months); HADS/BDI</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig141"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig141/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig141" class="figpopup">Figure 143. Anxiety (post-treatment); HADS/STRAI</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig142"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig142/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig142" class="figpopup">Figure 144. Anxiety (3-6 months); HADS/STRAI</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s2.2"><h5>E.21. Mindfulness meditation versus relaxation therapy</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig143"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig143/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig143" class="figpopup">Figure 145. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment), VAS, scale 0-10</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig144"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig144/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig144" class="figpopup">Figure 146. Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment), VAS, scale 0-10</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig145"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig145/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig145" class="figpopup">Figure 147. Anxiety (post-treatment), HADS, scale 0-21</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig146"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig146/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig146" class="figpopup">Figure 148. Depression (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig147"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig147/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig147" class="figpopup">Figure 149. Depression and anxiety (post-treatment), HADS (total), scale 0-42</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s2.3"><h5>E.22. Mindfulness and body-psychotherapy-based group treatment versus waiting-list control</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig148"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig148/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig148" class="figpopup">Figure 150. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); TQ, scale 0-84</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig149"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig149/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig149" class="figpopup">Figure 151. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); THI, scale 0-100</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig150"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig150/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig150" class="figpopup">Figure 152. Tinnitus annoyance (post-treatment); VAS, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig151"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig151/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig151" class="figpopup">Figure 153. Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); VAS, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig152"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig152/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig152" class="figpopup">Figure 154. Depression (post-treatment); BDI, scale 0-62</a></p></div></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s3"><h4>Acceptance and commitment therapy</h4><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s3.1"><h5>E.23. iACT versus control (web discussion forum)</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig153"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig153/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig153" class="figpopup">Figure 155. Tinnitus severity and distress (post-treatment); THI, scale 0-100</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig154"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig154/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig154" class="figpopup">Figure 156. Quality of life (post-treatment); QoLI, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig155"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig155/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig155" class="figpopup">Figure 157. Depression (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig156"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig156/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig156" class="figpopup">Figure 158. Anxiety (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig157"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig157/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig157" class="figpopup">Figure 159. Sleep (post-treatment); ISI, scale 0-28</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appe.s3.2"><h5>E.24. ACT versus waiting-list control</h5><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig158"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig158/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig158" class="figpopup">Figure 160. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); THI, scale 0-100</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig159"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig159/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig159" class="figpopup">Figure 161. Quality of life (post-treatment); QoLI, scale not reported</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig160"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig160/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig160" class="figpopup">Figure 162. Depression (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig161"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig161/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig161" class="figpopup">Figure 163. Anxiety (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appe.fig162"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appe.fig162/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appefig162" class="figpopup">Figure 164. Sleep (post-treatment-10 weeks); ISI, 0-28</a></p></div></div></div><div id="niceng155er11.appf"><h3>Appendix F. GRADE tables</h3><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab1" class="figpopup">Table 39. Clinical evidence profile: CBT versus waiting-list control</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab2"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab2" class="figpopup">Table 40. Clinical evidence profile: CBT versus control (masking)</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab3"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab3" class="figpopup">Table 41. Clinical evidence profile: CBT versus information only</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab4"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab4" class="figpopup">Table 42. Clinical evidence profile: CBT versus education</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab5"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab5/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab5" class="figpopup">Table 43. Clinical evidence profile: CBT versus relaxation</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab6"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab6/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab6" class="figpopup">Table 44. Clinical evidence profile: CBT versus passive relaxation training</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab7"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab7/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab7" class="figpopup">Table 45. Clinical evidence profile: CBT versus applied relaxation training</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab8"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab8/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab8" class="figpopup">Table 46. Clinical evidence profile: CBT-stepped intervention versus usual care</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab9"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab9/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab9" class="figpopup">Table 47. Clinical evidence profile: CBT (self-help book) versus waiting-list control</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab10"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab10/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab10" class="figpopup">Table 48. Clinical evidence profile: CBT (bibliotherapy) versus information only</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab11"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab11/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab11" class="figpopup">Table 49. Clinical evidence profile: CBT versus control (web discussion forum)</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab12"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab12/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab12" class="figpopup">Table 50. Clinical evidence profile: iCBT versus waiting-list control</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab13"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab13/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab13" class="figpopup">Table 51. Clinical evidence profile: iCBT versus information only</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab14"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab14/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab14" class="figpopup">Table 52. Clinical evidence profile: iCBT versus tinnitus information counselling</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab15"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab15/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab15" class="figpopup">Table 53. Clinical evidence profile: iCBT versus control (web discussion forum)</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab16"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab16/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab16" class="figpopup">Table 54. Clinical evidence profile: iCBT versus iACT</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab17"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab17/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab17" class="figpopup">Table 55. Clinical evidence profile: Biofeedback versus waiting-list control</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab18"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab18/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab18" class="figpopup">Table 56. Clinical evidence profile: Biofeedback-based CBT versus waiting-list control</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab19"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab19/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab19" class="figpopup">Table 57. Clinical evidence profile: Behavioural therapy versus waiting-list control</a></p><div id="niceng155er11.appf.s1"><h4>Mindfulness-based therapies</h4><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab20"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab20/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab20" class="figpopup">Table 58. Clinical evidence profile: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy versus relaxation</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab21"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab21/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab21" class="figpopup">Table 59. Clinical evidence profile: Mindfulness meditation versus relaxation therapy</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab22"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab22/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab22" class="figpopup">Table 60. Clinical evidence profile: Mindfulness and body psychotherapy-based group treatment versus waiting-list control</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appf.s2"><h4>Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)</h4><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab23"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab23/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab23" class="figpopup">Table 61. Clinical evidence profile: iACT versus control (web discussion forum)</a></p><p id="niceng155er11.appf.tab24"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab24/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appftab24" class="figpopup">Table 62. Clinical evidence profile: ACT versus waiting-list control</a></p></div></div><div id="niceng155er11.appg"><h3>Appendix G. Health economic evidence selection</h3><p id="niceng155er11.appg.fig1"><a href="/books/NBK557030/figure/niceng155er11.appg.fig1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appgfig1" class="figpopup">Figure 165. Flow chart of health economic study selection for the guideline</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.apph"><h3>Appendix H. Health economic evidence tables</h3><p id="niceng155er11.apph.et1"><a href="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11-apph-et1.pdf" class="bk_dwnld_icn bk_dwnld_pdf">Download PDF</a><span class="small"> (198K)</span></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appi"><h3>Appendix I. Excluded studies</h3><div id="niceng155er11.appi.s1"><h4>I.1. Excluded clinical studies</h4><p id="niceng155er11.appi.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appi.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appitab1" class="figpopup">Table 63. Studies excluded from the clinical review</a></p></div><div id="niceng155er11.appi.s2"><h4>I.2. Excluded health economic studies</h4><p id="niceng155er11.appi.tab2"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appi.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appitab2" class="figpopup">Table 64. Studies excluded from the health economic review</a></p></div></div><div id="niceng155er11.appj"><h3>Appendix J. Research recommendations</h3><div id="niceng155er11.appj.s1"><h4>Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for adults with tinnitus delivered by appropriately trained healthcare professionals other than psychologists</h4><div id="niceng155er11.appj.s1.1"><h5>Research question: What is the clinical and cost effectiveness of CBT for adults with tinnitus delivered by appropriately trained healthcare professionals other than psychologists (for example, audiologists)?</h5><p>
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<b>Why this is important:</b>
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</p><p>CBT is a psychological therapy that is usually delivered to individuals with tinnitus by psychologists. However, individuals who present with tinnitus commonly see non-psychologists (e.g. audiologists) and there are many more non-psychologists than psychologists working in the tinnitus field. Costs could be reduced and access to CBT could be improved if appropriately trained non-psychologists were able to deliver CBT. There is currently insufficient evidence to recommend this.</p><p id="niceng155er11.appj.tab1"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appj.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appjtab1" class="figpopup">Criteria for selecting high-priority research recommendations</a></p></div></div><div id="niceng155er11.appj.s2"><h4>J.1. Psychological therapies for children and young people</h4><div id="niceng155er11.appj.s2.1"><h5>Research question: What is the clinical and cost effectiveness of psychological therapies for children and young people who have tinnitus-related distress?</h5><p>
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<b>Why this is important:</b>
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</p><p>The clinical and cost effectiveness of psychological therapies has been a focus of research in the management of tinnitus for adults and this has been used to determine the current guidelines. Currently there is no research looking at this for children and recommendations are limited in not being able to recommend specific psychological approaches. This will be important for children with tinnitus and their families so that they are able to receive the best care, and for care providers so that they can provide the most clinical and cost effective care.</p><p id="niceng155er11.appj.tab2"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appj.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appjtab2" class="figpopup">Criteria for selecting high-priority research recommendations</a></p></div></div><div id="niceng155er11.appj.s3"><h4>J.2. Psychological therapies for people who are d/Deaf or who have a severe-to-profound hearing loss</h4><div id="niceng155er11.appj.s3.1"><h5>Research question: What is the clinical and cost effectiveness of psychological therapies for people who are d/Deaf or who have a severe-to-profound hearing loss and tinnitus-related distress?</h5><p>
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<b>Why this is important:</b>
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</p><p>Psychological therapies, also known as “talking therapies”, may be difficult to access for those who have a severe-to-profound hearing loss particularly those who communicate through British Sign Language and/or rely on lip reading despite amplification. This question seeks to identify the effective types or delivery modes of psychological therapies for such individuals.</p><p id="niceng155er11.appj.tab3"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appj.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11appjtab3" class="figpopup">Criteria for selecting high-priority research recommendations</a></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="fm-sec"><div><p>Final</p></div><div><p>Intervention evidence review</p><p>This evidence review was developed by the National Guideline Centre</p></div><div><p><b>Disclaimer:</b> The recommendations in this guideline represent the view of NICE, arrived at after careful consideration of the evidence available. When exercising their judgement, professionals are expected to take this guideline fully into account, alongside the individual needs, preferences and values of their patients or service users. The recommendations in this guideline are not mandatory and the guideline does not override the responsibility of healthcare professionals to make decisions appropriate to the circumstances of the individual patient, in consultation with the patient and, where appropriate, their carer or guardian.</p><p>Local commissioners and providers have a responsibility to enable the guideline to be applied when individual health professionals and their patients or service users wish to use it. They should do so in the context of local and national priorities for funding and developing services, and in light of their duties to have due regard to the need to eliminate unlawful discrimination, to advance equality of opportunity and to reduce health inequalities. Nothing in this guideline should be interpreted in a way that would be inconsistent with compliance with those duties.</p><p>NICE guidelines cover health and care in England. Decisions on how they apply in other UK countries are made by ministers in the <a href="http://wales.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Welsh Government</a>, <a href="http://www.scotland.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Scottish Government</a>, and <a href="http://www.northernireland.gov.uk/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">Northern Ireland Executive</a>. All NICE guidance is subject to regular review and may be updated or withdrawn.</p></div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright</a> © NICE 2020.</div><div class="small"><span class="label">Bookshelf ID: NBK557030</span><span class="label">PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32437100" title="PubMed record of this title" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">32437100</a></span></div></div><div class="small-screen-prev"></div><div class="small-screen-next"></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab1"><div id="niceng155er11.tab1" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 1</span><span class="title">PICO characteristics of review question</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Population</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Children, young people and adults with tinnitus.</p>
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<p>Strata:</p>
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<p>Children/young people (up to 18 years) and adults</p>
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</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.tab1_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention(s)</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.tab1_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Psychological therapies
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Cognitive Behavioural therapy (CBT)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Mindfulness-based interventions e.g. cognitive therapy and MBSR</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Brief solution focused therapy</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Narrative therapy</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Family therapy/Systemic therapy</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>EMDR</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comparison(s)</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Interventions compared with each other</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Interventions in combination with each other</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Control group (i.e. no psychological therapy)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Sound therapy and sound enrichment
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>sound enrichment (e.g. environmental sound, a CD or mp3 download or the radio, a smartphone App, bedside/table-top sound generators, a wearable sound generator)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Combination hearing devices (hearing aid combined with sound generator)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Customised sound-based therapies, e.g. amplitude modulated tones and notched noise/music</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Masking</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tinnitus education including coping strategies, provision of information and advice and relaxation</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Amplification devices
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Hearing aids</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Implantable devices (including cochlear implants, bone-anchored hearing aids, bone-conduction hearing implants, bone-bridge/middle-ear devices)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Combination device (sound generator and hearing aids)</div></li></ul></div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.tab1_1_1_4_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Outcomes</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.tab1_1_1_4_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tinnitus severity (critical)</div></li></ul>
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Impact of tinnitus (critical):
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tinnitus distress</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tinnitus annoyance</div></li></ul>
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Health related QoL (critical):
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>QoL (tinnitus)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>QoL</div></li></ul>
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Tinnitus percept (important):
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tinnitus loudness</div></li></ul>
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Other co-occurring complaints (important):
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Depression</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Anxiety</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Anxiety and depression</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Sleep</div></li></ul>
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Adverse events (important):
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Safety</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tolerability</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Side effects</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Systematic review of RCTs</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>RCT</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>If there is an inadequate amount of RCT data, non-randomised comparative studies will be considered</div></li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab2"><div id="niceng155er11.tab2" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 2</span><span class="title">Summary of studies included in the evidence review</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab2_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention and comparison</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Population</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Comments</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Abbott 2009 <a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref1" rid="niceng155er11.ref1"><sup>1</sup></a></p>
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<p>RCT</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
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<p>Intervention (n=32):</p>
|
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<p>Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) (internet-based) – intervention consisted of 10 components, presented in six modules – one module per week (intervention lasted 6 weeks). Sessions included applied relaxation training, information about noise sensitivity, sleep management.</p>
|
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<p>Comparison (n=24):</p>
|
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<p>Information only – participants read the online tinnitus information program. This program consisted of psychoeducational information minus active CBT components. Intervention was delivered over 6 weeks. Participants were provided option of completing the CBT intervention after 6 weeks.</p>
|
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>n=56</p>
|
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<p>People presenting with tinnitus for at least 3 months</p>
|
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<p>Age (mean): 49.6 years</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): 8.1:1</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus (mean): 100 months</p>
|
|
<p>Australia</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using the Tinnitus Reaction Questionnaire, scale range not reported (according to literature it is 0-104)</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus annoyance (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS), scale range 0-10</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS), scale range 0-10</p>
|
|
<p>Depression (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS), scale range not reported (according to literature it is 0-120)</p>
|
|
<p>Anxiety (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS), scale range not reported (according to literature it is 0-120)</p>
|
|
<p>Sleep quality (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using a visual analogue scale (VAS), scale range 0-10</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Andersson 2002<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref6" rid="niceng155er11.ref6"><sup>6</sup></a></p>
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<p>RCT</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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|
<p>Intervention (n=53):</p>
|
|
<p>Internet cognitive behavioural self-help treatment. A self-help manual was constructed using cognitive behavioural principles. Components were presented in 6 modules on a weekly basis for 6 weeks. This included applied relaxation, positive imagery, sound enrichment by means of external sounds, hearing tactics, and advice regarding noise sensitivity, controlled breathing and cognitive therapy, which was adjusted to deal with negative thoughts and beliefs relating to tinnitus, sleep management, exercises of concentration (mindfulness), and advice on physical activity. 6 weeks duration.</p>
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|
<p>Comparison (n=64):</p>
|
|
<p>Waiting list control. The participants were informed that they had been randomised to a waiting-list condition and were offered the program 6 weeks later.</p>
|
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>n=117</p>
|
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<p>People presenting with tinnitus for at least 6 months, tinnitus was a severe problem for the participants</p>
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<p>Age (mean): iCBT group: 48.5 years; WL group: 47.2 years</p>
|
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<p>Gender (male to female ratio): 55/62</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus: iCBT group: 6.2 (5.6); WL group: 6.4 (6.8)</p>
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<p>Sweden</p>
|
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Tinnitus annoyance (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using a VAS, scale range 0-10</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using a VAS, scale range 0-10</p>
|
|
<p>Sleep quality (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using a VAS, scale range 0-10</p>
|
|
<p>Depression (follow-up: post-treatment and 1 year): measured using HADS – depression, scale range 0-21</p>
|
|
<p>Anxiety (follow-up: post-treatment and 1 year): measured using HADS – anxiety, scale range 0-21</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Andersson 2005<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref5" rid="niceng155er11.ref5"><sup>5</sup></a></p>
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<p>RCT</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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|
<p>Intervention (n=12):</p>
|
|
<p>Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) – six group sessions consisting of information about tinnitus, applied relaxation (presented during four sessions), cognitive restructuring, behavioural activation, positive imagery, sound enrichment, exposure to tinnitus, advice regarding hyperacusis, hearing tactics and relapse prevention. Intervention lasted for five weeks.</p>
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<p>Comparison (n=11):</p>
|
|
<p>Waiting-list control – participants in this group did not receive the intervention until about five weeks. Participants were then given shortened version of the version (four sessions instead of six sessions)</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>n=23</p>
|
|
<p>People presenting with bothersome tinnitus (tinnitus that is audible in many acoustic environments, disturbs sleep, or is a dominating problem that affects quality of life) for at least 6 months</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean): 70.1 years</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): 1.1:1</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus (mean): 13 years</p>
|
|
<p>Sweden</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Tinnitus distress (follow-up: 3 months): measured using the Tinnitus Reaction Questionnaire (TRQ), scale range 0-104</p>
|
|
<p>Depression (follow-up: 3 months): measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) (depression subscale used), scale range not reported (according to literature it is 0-21)</p>
|
|
<p>Anxiety (follow-up: 3 months): measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) (depression subscale used), scale range not reported (according to literature it is 0-21)</p>
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<p>Anxiety (follow-up: 3 months): measured using the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI), scale range not reported</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Arif 2017<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref7" rid="niceng155er11.ref7"><sup>7</sup></a></p>
|
|
<p>RCT</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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|
<p>Intervention (n= 42):</p>
|
|
<p>Mindfulness meditation: treatment plans standardised in a session format, which included the following topics: exploration, sitting meditation, meditation applied and reviewed. 5 face-to-face sessions of 40 minutes over 15 weeks</p>
|
|
<p>Comparison (n=44):</p>
|
|
<p>Relaxation therapy sessions split between two experienced therapists who followed a manual. A session format was followed, including the following topics: exploration, mental skill development, cue-controlled relaxation, differential relaxation, rapid relaxation application and review of subjective findings. 5 face-to-face relaxation therapy sessions of 40 minutes over 15 weeks.</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>n=86</p>
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|
<p>People presenting with ‘intrusive’ tinnitus</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean): 53.8 years in mindfulness group;58.3 years in relaxation group</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): 1:1.2</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus (range): 6 months -15 years</p>
|
|
<p>United Kingdom</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
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<p>Tinnitus severity (post treatment): measured using a VAS, scale range 0-10.</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness (post treatment): measured using a VAS, scale range 0-10.</p>
|
|
<p>Anxiety (post treatment): measured using HADS – Anxiety, scale range 0-21.</p>
|
|
<p>Depression (post treatment): measured using HADS – Depression, scale range 0-21.</p>
|
|
<p>Depression and anxiety (post treatment): measured using HADS – total, scale range 0-42.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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|
<p>Beukes 2018<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref9" rid="niceng155er11.ref9"><sup>9</sup></a></p>
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<p>RCT</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
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<p>Intervention (n=46):</p>
|
|
<p>Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) (internet-based) - based on a CBT self-help program adapted into an 8-week program consisting of 16 recommended modules and 5 optional modules. A minimum of 10 minutes of asynchronous audiologist guidance was provided to participants.</p>
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|
<p>Comparison (n=46):</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus information counselling – participants attended an initial appointment (60 minutes) to provide explanations about tinnitus and some basic management strategies. Participants also received additional strategies for tinnitus management, including sleep hygiene, relaxation strategies, and negative thought analysis during follow-up.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>n=92</p>
|
|
<p>People presenting with bothersome tinnitus</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean): 52.96 years</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): 1.49:1</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus: 6.54 years</p>
|
|
<p>United Kingdom</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
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<p>Tinnitus severity (follow-up: post-treatment and 2 months): measured using Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), scale range 0-100</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress (follow-up: post-treatment and 2 months): measured using Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI), scale range 0-100</p>
|
|
<p>Quality of life (follow-up: post-treatment and 2 months): measured using the Satisfaction With Life Scales (SWLS), scale range 5-35</p>
|
|
<p>Depression (follow-up: post-treatment and 2 months): measured using the Patient Health Questionniare-9 (PHQ-9), scale range 0-27</p>
|
|
<p>Anxiety (follow-up: post-treatment and 2 months): measured using the Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), scale range 0-21</p>
|
|
<p>Sleep (follow-up: post-treatment and 2 months): measured using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), scale range 0-28</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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|
<p>Cima 2012<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref16" rid="niceng155er11.ref16"><sup>16</sup></a></p>
|
|
<p>RCT</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Intervention (n=245):</p>
|
|
<p>Specialised stepped intervention based on CBT – all participants allocated to this intervention received step 1 which consisted of multidisciplinary diagnostics and specific tinnitus retraining counselling (undertaken in a cognitive behaviour framework). Participants with mild complaints received step 1 of the intervention. Step 1 lasted for 3 months. Participants who had severe tinnitus entered step 2, consisting of three different 12-week group treatment options.</p>
|
|
<p>Comparison (n=247):</p>
|
|
<p>Usual care – all participants received a standard audiological intervention (step 1). Participants who had severe tinnitus entered step 2 which involved interactions with a social worker.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>n=492</p>
|
|
<p>People presenting with subjective tinnitus</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean): 54.19 years</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): 1.7:1</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus: <1 year – 30%; 1-5 years – 39%; >5 years – 31%</p>
|
|
<p>Netherlands</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity (follow-up: 3 months and 12 months): measured using Tinnitus Questionnaire, total score ranges not reported (0-84 as indicated in literature)</p>
|
|
<p>Quality of life (follow-up: 3 months and 12 months): measured using the Health Utilities Index (HUI) mark 3, total score ranges from - 0.36-1</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus-related quality of life (follow-up: 3 months and 12 months): measured using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, total score ranges 0-100</p>
|
|
<p>Depression and anxiety (follow-up: 3 months and 12 months): measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Inventory, total score ranges 0-42</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Davies 1995<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref19" rid="niceng155er11.ref19"><sup>19</sup></a></p>
|
|
<p>RCT</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Intervention 1 (n=16):</p>
|
|
<p>Cognitive behavioural therapy - intervention explored the meaning of tinnitus with the subject and identified any negative thoughts associated with emotional distress, which were then related to broader beliefs or underlying assumptions. The therapist aided this by completing a checklist with the client which listed common tinnitus complaints, associated emotions, and commonly held maladaptive beliefs about tinnitus. 6 one hour sessions with possible extension to 8 sessions.</p>
|
|
<p>Intervention 2 (n=13):</p>
|
|
<p>Passive relaxation training (PRT). It was explained to participants how PRT would break into the vicious cycle of “annoyance-stress-attention to noises-further annoyance” by diminishing the stress response to tinnitus annoyance. Relaxation was taught in a sitting or lying position in the office and included: progressive muscle tensing/relaxing use of pleasant visual imagery to promote mental calmness; and encouragement of relaxed diaphragmatic breathing. 6 one hour sessions with possible extension to 8 sessions.</p>
|
|
<p>Intervention 3 (n=16):</p>
|
|
<p>Applied Relaxation Training (ART). Relaxation was taught as the PRT and additionally explained that acquisition of the skill through daily practice would break into the vicious cycle of “annoyance to greater attention to greater annoyance” by enabling subjects to apply relaxation when tinnitus was annoying. 6 one hour sessions with possible extension to 8 sessions.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>n=45</p>
|
|
<p>People presenting with tinnitus for at least 6 months, tinnitus was a significant problem for the participants</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean): 56.3 years</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): 1:1.3 (completers)</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus (range): 6 months -6 years</p>
|
|
<p>United Kingdom</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress (follow-up: post-treatment and 4 months): measured using TEQ scales – emotional distress, scale range not reported</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness (follow-up: post-treatment and 4 months): measured using tinnitus loudness rating, scale 1-5</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus annoyance (follow-up: post treatment and 4 months): measured using tinnitus annoyance rating, scale range not reported</p>
|
|
<p>Anxiety (follow-up: 1 month): measured using STAI, scale ranges from 20-80</p>
|
|
<p>Depression (follow-up:1 month): measured using BDI, scale ranges from 0-63</p>
|
|
<p>Insomnia (follow-up: post-treatment and 4 months): measured using TEQ- insomnia, scale range not reported</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Henry 1996<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref21" rid="niceng155er11.ref21"><sup>21</sup></a></p>
|
|
<p>RCT</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Intervention 1 (n=20):</p>
|
|
<p>Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) – cognitive therapy in which participants were encouraged to learn to approach the problem of tinnitus in more adaptive and constructive way in small group sessions. Participants were trained in attention diversions strategies, imagery training (including mental imagery). Participants received a written manual containing educational material and techniques. Intervention involved one 90-minute session for six weeks.</p>
|
|
<p>Intervention 2 (n=20):</p>
|
|
<p>Education counselling (group-based intervention) – purpose was to educate participants about tinnitus. Session topics included: the auditory system, causes of tinnitus, theories of tinnitus and medical treatments. One small group 90-minute session per week for 6 weeks.</p>
|
|
<p>Comparison (n=20):</p>
|
|
<p>Waiting-list control – participants were informed that their participation would be delayed.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>n=60</p>
|
|
<p>People presenting with chronic tinnitus and tinnitus distress for at least 6 months</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean): 64.6 years</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): 6.5:1</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus: Not reported</p>
|
|
<p>Australia</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress (follow-up: post-treatment and 12 months: measured using the Tinnitus Reaction Questionnaire (TRQ), scale ranges from 0-104</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus annoyance (follow-up: post-treatment and 12 months): measured using visual analogue scale range 0-4 (unclear)</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus related quality of life (follow-up: post-treatment and12 months): measured using the Tinnitus Handicap Questionnaire (THQ). Participants assign a number between 0 (strongly disagree) -100 (strongly agree), total score is divided by 28 (28-item questionnaire)</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness (follow-up: post-treatment and 12 months): measured using visual analogue scale range 0-4</p>
|
|
<p>Depression (follow-up: post-treatment and 12 months): measured using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), scale ranges from 0-63</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Included in counselling review</p>
|
|
<p>Waiting-list control groups also received cognitive therapy after 6 weeks. 12 month follow-up results for this group were for after treatment had been completed</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
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<p>Hesser 2012<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref22" rid="niceng155er11.ref22"><sup>22</sup></a></p>
|
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<p>RCT</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Intervention 1 (n=32):</p>
|
|
<p>Internet-delivered CBT -guided, internet-delivered therapy, including structured self-help material via the internet and an identified therapist for support and guidance by email. Involved tinnitus-specific CBT techniques including applied relaxation, positive imagery, attention training, cognitive restructuring, exposure, and the use of background sounds to cope with the experience of tinnitus. Intervention was 8 weeks long.</p>
|
|
<p>Intervention 2 (n=35):</p>
|
|
<p>Internet-delivered ACT– guided, internet-delivered therapy, including structured self-help material via the internet and an identified therapist for support and guidance by email. Involved tinnitus-specific ACT including exercises that focused on mindfulness and distancing of internal experiences (i.e. defusion), assignments with the purpose of identifying personal values and goals and exercises that promoted willingness to experience tinnitus in the context of value-based behaviour change. Intervention was 8 weeks long.</p>
|
|
<p>Comparison (n=32):</p>
|
|
<p>Web discussion forum – confidential moderated online discussion forum that specifically targeted tinnitus-related problems. Participants were encouraged to take part in the forum, each week a therapist posted a new topic to discuss and monitored the forum. Intervention was 8 weeks long.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>n=99</p>
|
|
<p>People presenting with tinnitus for 6 months or more with diagnosis confirmed, participants had ‘moderate to severe’ tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean): 48.5 years</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): 1.1/1</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus: 8.9 months in iCBT group; 9.7months in ACT group; 9 months in control group</p>
|
|
<p>Sweden</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress and severity (follow-up, post-treatment and at 1 year), measured by THI, scale range 0-100.</p>
|
|
<p>Quality of life (follow-up, post-treatment and at 1 year), measured by Quality of Life Inventory, scale range: not reported</p>
|
|
<p>Depression (follow-up, post-treatment and at 1 year), measured by HADS depression, scale range 0-21</p>
|
|
<p>Anxiety (follow-up post-treatment and at 1 year), measured by HADS-anxiety, scale range: 0-21</p>
|
|
<p>Sleep (follow-up, post-treatment and at 1 year), measured by Insomnia Severity Index, scale range: 0-28</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">It should be noted that iCBT or ACT compared to the control group was only followed up to 8 weeks, and not to 1 year, whereas iCBT versus iACT was followed up additionally to 1 year.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Jasper 2014<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref26" rid="niceng155er11.ref26"><sup>26</sup></a></p>
|
|
<p>RCT</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Intervention 1 (n=41):</p>
|
|
<p>Internet cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT). 12 mandatory and 6 optional text modules, each covering a particular topic, including: applied relaxation, positive imagery, focus exercises, exposure to tinnitus; cognitive restructuring; avoidance behaviour. Once a week patients could communicate with the therapist via a secured online messaging system. The therapists were instructed to try to dedicate a maximum of 10 minutes per week per patient to e-mail communication. Intervention lasted 10 weeks.</p>
|
|
<p>Intervention 2 (n=43):</p>
|
|
<p>Group Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (GCBT). The group sizes included 5 to 12 participants and the topics included sharing experiences, discussing individual coping strategies, and demonstrating exercises. 90 minute weekly sessions for 10 weeks.</p>
|
|
<p>Comparison (n=44):</p>
|
|
<p>Web-based discussion forum (DF) as a control condition. A new discussion topic was presented every week. The participants were encouraged to discuss and to comment on each other’s postings. The topics did not include any strategies to improve tinnitus distress but instead focused on individual experiences and attitudes concerning tinnitus.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>n=128</p>
|
|
<p>People presenting with tinnitus at least mild levels of chronic tinnitus distress for at least 6 months</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean): iCBT 51.3(9.8); GCBT 50.2 (13.1); DF 52.1 (9)</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): ICBT 25/16; GCBT 24/199; DF 28/16</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus (mean): iCBT 9.2 years, GCBT 8.4years; DF 8 years</p>
|
|
<p>Germany</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress(follow-up : post-treatment): measured using miniTQ, total score range from 0-24</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using THI, total score range 0-100.</p>
|
|
<p>Depression (follow-up: post treatment): measured using HADS – Depression, total score range 0-21</p>
|
|
<p>Anxiety (follow-up: post-treatment measured using HADS- Anxiety, total score range 0-21</p>
|
|
<p>Sleep (follow-up: post treatment): measured using ISI total score range 0-28</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Kreuzer 2012<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref31" rid="niceng155er11.ref31"><sup>31</sup></a></p>
|
|
<p>RCT</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Intervention (n=18):</p>
|
|
<p>Mindfulness and body-psychotherapy-based group treatment - treatment program consisted of mindfulness, meditation, self-massage, and breathing exercises as main components by an experienced therapist. Two weekends (11 hours of treatment/weekend) with an interval of 7 weeks. A review was made at 2 weeks after each weekend and 11 and 15 weeks after the second training weekend of 2 hours each.</p>
|
|
<p>Comparison (n=18):</p>
|
|
<p>Waiting list control, assessed at identical time points during a waiting period of 24 weeks before they received treatment.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>n=36</p>
|
|
<p>People presenting with chronic tinnitus for at least 6 months, participants were ‘burdened’ by their tinnitus</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean): Intervention group: 49.6 years; control group: 51.7 years</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): Intervention group: 1:1</p>
|
|
<p>Germany</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus annoyance (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using numeric rating scale, scale range not reported</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using TQ, scale range 0-84.</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using THI, scale range 0-100</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using numeric rating scale, scale range not reported</p>
|
|
<p>Depression (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using BDI, scale range 0-63</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Kroner-Herwig 1995<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref34" rid="niceng155er11.ref34"><sup>34</sup></a></p>
|
|
<p>RCT</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Intervention (n=15):</p>
|
|
<p>Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) – sessions included a focus on cognition, education, analysis of stressful events and their effect on tinnitus progressive relaxation. The intervention consisted of ten 2-hour sessions, duration of intervention not reported.</p>
|
|
<p>Comparison (n=19):</p>
|
|
<p>Waiting-list control – following ‘experimental assessment’ participants were randomised to CBT or another intervention (yoga – not relevant for this evidence review) no further details reported.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>n=34</p>
|
|
<p>People presenting with chronic idiopathic tinnitus for at least 6 months</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean): 47.2 years</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): 1.3:1</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus (mean): 46.4 months</p>
|
|
<p>Germany</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus annoyance (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using visual analogue scales, scale range 0-10</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using visual analogue scales, scale range 0-10</p>
|
|
<p>Sleep disturbance (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using visual analogue scales, scale range 0-10</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Kroner-Herwig 2003<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref33" rid="niceng155er11.ref33"><sup>33</sup></a></p>
|
|
<p>RCT</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Intervention 1 (n=56):</p>
|
|
<p>Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). An outpatient cognitive-behavioural group tinnitus coping training (TCT). 11 sessions of 90-120 minutes duration. 6 to 8 patients participated in each of 7 groups was conducted. A training manual gave detailed guidelines for training delivery. Topics included education on tinnitus aetiology and maintenance; relaxation; thoughts, emotions and bodily reactions; tinnitus as a stressor; dysfunctional and functional thoughts; attention and distraction; imagery exercises; habituation exercises, withdrawal and avoidance (cognitions and behaviour); problem solving (a systematic approach); attitudes toward illness and health.</p>
|
|
<p>Intervention 2 (n=20):</p>
|
|
<p>Minimal contact intervention (MC-E) involved 2 group sessions, the first involved education regarding tinnitus aetiology; fears regarding tinnitus, its prognosis and consequences were discussed and, if possible, revised. Self-help strategies for coping with tinnitus (e.g., distraction, relaxed confrontation, reappraisal) A second session in which subjects were given the opportunity to discuss their progress and problems followed after a 4-week period of implementing the recommended “self-help exercises”.</p>
|
|
<p>Intervention 3 (n=20):</p>
|
|
<p>MC-R group also received an educational session, where the importance of relaxation and distraction as strategies for coping with tinnitus was underlined. A second session involved audiocassettes with verbal relaxation instructions and pieces of relaxing music (30 min) selected by a music therapist. Patients were given the audiocassettes for home use and were instructed to choose the pieces of music, which suited them best. Two further meetings were used to discuss problems and progress.</p>
|
|
<p>Comparison (n=20):</p>
|
|
<p>Waiting list control (not further details reported).</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>n=116</p>
|
|
<p>People presenting with idiopathic tinnitus for at least 6 months</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean): 46.8 years</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): 1:1</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus (mean): 5.5 years</p>
|
|
<p>Germany</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using TQ, scale range 0-84</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using GSI of SCL-90R, scale range not reported</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using diary, scale range 1-7</p>
|
|
<p>Depression (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using ADS, scale range 0-60</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Li 2019 <a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref35" rid="niceng155er11.ref35"><sup>35</sup></a></p>
|
|
<p>RCT</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Intervention (n=50):</p>
|
|
<p>Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) - Intervention group received intervention twice a week. The treatment paths included three steps including cognitive restructuring, problem solving and sound treatment. Sound treatment involved hearing tests and tinnitus tests; masking treatment was applied using light music. Masking was performed for 30 minutes once a day. CBT intervention was twice a week for 6 months.</p>
|
|
<p>Comparison (n=50):</p>
|
|
<p>Control group received the same masking intervention as the intervention group.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>n=100</p>
|
|
<p>People present with chronic subjective tinnitus for at least 3 months, participants had a negative mental mood such as fidgety and irritability</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean): 43.22 years</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): 1.4:1</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus (mean): 2.52 years</p>
|
|
<p>China</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, scale range not reported (according to literature it is 0-100)</p>
|
|
<p>Depression (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) subscale for depression (F4), scale range 1-5</p>
|
|
<p>Anxiety (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using the Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) subscale for anxiety (F5), scale range 1-5</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Malouff 2010<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref39" rid="niceng155er11.ref39"><sup>39</sup></a></p>
|
|
<p>RCT</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Intervention (n=84):</p>
|
|
<p>CBT self-help book – participants received a self-help book based on cognitive-behavioural principles, including educational information on tinnitus and attention control techniques. Book provides guidelines on specific exercises such as progressive muscle relaxation and personalised self-instructions. Participants were instructed to complete the book within 2 months. No further contact was made with participants until follow-up.</p>
|
|
<p>Comparison (n=78):</p>
|
|
<p>Waiting-list control – participants were given the CBT self-help book after 2 months. No further details reported.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>n=162</p>
|
|
<p>People presenting with tinnitus</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean): 57.6 years</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): 1.3:1</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus (mean): Not reported</p>
|
|
<p>Australia</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using Tinnitus Reaction Questionnaire (TRQ), scale range not reported (according to literature it is 0-104)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>McKenna 2017<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref46" rid="niceng155er11.ref46"><sup>46</sup></a></p>
|
|
<p>RCT</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Intervention (n=39):</p>
|
|
<p>Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) – intervention was delivered in line with a standardised manual. There was an emphasis on sound meditation and education around the cognitive model of tinnitus and the importance of attentional processes in tinnitus. Psycho-education component which focused on cognitive theory. There were eight 120-minute group sessions, delivered weekly over 8 consecutive weeks.</p>
|
|
<p>Comparison (n=36):</p>
|
|
<p>Relaxation training – relaxation intervention delivered in line with a standardised manual. Psycho-education component which focused on physiology of stress and tinnitus. There were eight 120-minute group sessions, delivered weekly over 8 consecutive weeks.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>n=75</p>
|
|
<p>People presenting with chronic tinnitus with psychological distress for at least 6 months</p>
|
|
<p>Age (median): 50.0 years</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): 1.2:1</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus (median): 56 months</p>
|
|
<p>United Kingdom</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity (follow-up: post-treatment and 6 months): measured using the Tinnitus Questionnaire (TQ), scale range not reported (according to literature it is 0-84)</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity (follow-up: post-treatment and 6 months): measured using the Tinnitus Functional Index (TFI), scale range not reported (according to literature it is 0-100)</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness (follow-up: post-treatment and 6 months): measured using visual analogue scale (VAS), scale range 0-100</p>
|
|
<p>Depression (follow-up: post-treatment and 6 months): measured using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) (depression subscale used), scale range not reported (according to literature it is 0-21)</p>
|
|
<p>Anxiety (follow-up: post-treatment and 6 months): measured using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) (anxiety subscale used), scale range not reported (according to literature it is 0-21)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Nyenhuis 2013<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref50" rid="niceng155er11.ref50"><sup>50</sup></a></p>
|
|
<p>RCT</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Intervention 1 (n=71):</p>
|
|
<p>Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) (group-based) - based on standardised manual, contents were presented over four two-hour meetings. All four sessions contained a progressive muscle relaxation exercise. Topics covered included: education about tinnitus, functional characteristics of the hearing system, treatment options, psychological aspects of tinnitus distress, coping by attention and distraction. Intervention lasted 3 months.</p>
|
|
<p>Intervention 2 (n=79):</p>
|
|
<p>Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) (internet-based) – participants received the CBT manual, contents were written as web pages and participants could download the progressive muscle relaxation instructions. Intervention lasted 3 months.</p>
|
|
<p>Intervention 3 (n=77):</p>
|
|
<p>Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) (bibliotherapy) – participants received the complete manual and a CD with instructions on progressive muscle relaxation. Intervention lasted 3 months.</p>
|
|
<p>Comparison (n=77):</p>
|
|
<p>Information only – participants were provided with an 11-page booklet that provided information on the morphological and functional characteristics of the auditory system, the potential triggers of tinnitus and medical treatment options. No further treatment was provided.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>n=304</p>
|
|
<p>People presenting with idiopathic tinnitus for 2-26 weeks</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean): 50.3 years</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): 1.2:1</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus (mean) : 3.2 months</p>
|
|
<p>Germany</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress (follow-up: post-treatment and 9 months): measured using the Tinnitus Questionnaire (TQ) [German version], scale range not reported (according to literature it is 0-84)</p>
|
|
<p>Depression (follow-up: post-treatment and 9 months): measured using Patient Health Questionnaire-Depression (PHQ-D), scale range not reported</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Philippot 2012<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref52" rid="niceng155er11.ref52"><sup>52</sup></a></p>
|
|
<p>RCT</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Intervention (n=15):</p>
|
|
<p>6 weekly group sessions of Mindfulness training. A manual was constructed for each training condition. The training involved dealing with the adversity of tinnitus; focus on the theme that thoughts are not facts; the main exercise consisted of a 40 minutes sitting meditation with a sequential focus on breath, body, thoughts and the introduction of a difficult thought in the meditation; dealing with how to take care of oneself (relapse prevention) and evaluating the programme. The main exercise consisted in a 40-minute body scan.</p>
|
|
<p>Comparison (n=15):</p>
|
|
<p>6 sessions of 2 and 15 hours per week of relaxation training, of which a manual was involved. The manual followed the progressive relaxation training format, including breathing training, relaxation was divided into thirteen body parts in the second session, in the third session in to eight body parts, the fourth session into four body parts and the fifth session into two body parts. The sixth session focused on mini-relaxation and on maintenance of relaxation competence.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>n=30</p>
|
|
<p>People presenting with tinnitus in the past 6 months with significant psychological distress and impairment in everyday activities resulting from tinnitus</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean): 60 years</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): 1.5:1</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus: Not reported</p>
|
|
<p>Belgium</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression (follow-up: post-treatment and 3 month follow-up): measured by BDI, total scale range 0-63</p>
|
|
<p>Anxiety (follow-up: post-treatment and 3 months): measured using the Spielberger State and Trait Anxiety Inventory, total scale range 20-80</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Rief 2005<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref53" rid="niceng155er11.ref53"><sup>53</sup></a></p>
|
|
<p>RCT</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Intervention (n=23):</p>
|
|
<p>Biofeedback - treatment program consisting of 1 pre-assessment session, 7 treatment sessions, and a final session summarising the intervention strategies and conducting the post-assessment. All sessions lasted approximately 1 hour. The training was manual-guided and also included handouts (e.g., on the following topics: basic information on ear and the hearing system; information processes involved in tinnitus; the vicious circle of tinnitus annoyance, muscular reactivity, and selective attention; and aspects of tinnitus maintenance, modulating factors, coping strategies. Total of 8 weeks duration.</p>
|
|
<p>Comparison (n=20):</p>
|
|
<p>Waiting list control group who waited 8 weeks. For the same sessions as the intervention group.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>n=48</p>
|
|
<p>People presenting with tinnitus for at least 6 months that participants described as ‘disturbing’</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean): 46.8 years</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): 1:1</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus (mean): 6.4 years</p>
|
|
<p>Germany</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress (follow-up: post-treatment and 6 months): measured using TQ, scale range 0-84.</p>
|
|
<p>Quality of life (health life satisfaction) (follow-up: post-treatment and 6 months): measured using questions on life satisfaction (FLZ), scale range not reported</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness (follow-up: post-treatment and 6 months): measured using tinnitus diary, scale range 0-10.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Scott 1985<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref55" rid="niceng155er11.ref55"><sup>55</sup></a></p>
|
|
<p>RCT</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Intervention (n=12):</p>
|
|
<p>Behavioural therapy - psychological treatment comprised relaxation training, training of self-control by distraction exercises with the aim of reducing the discomfort from tinnitus and the application of the method in situations associated with tinnitus. Intervention was delivered by ten one-hour sessions during a 2-3 week period.</p>
|
|
<p>Comparison (n=12):</p>
|
|
<p>Waiting list group. After 10 weeks the group received the same as the treatment group.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>n=24</p>
|
|
<p>People presenting with some form of hearing impairment and tinnitus grade 2 or 3</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean): Men 50.6 (36-62) years; women 54.2 (36-72) years</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): 1:1.2</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus: 9.4 years</p>
|
|
<p>Sweden</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus annoyance (retrospective) (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using a diary, scale range 0-10</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness (retrospective) (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using a diary, scale range 0-10</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness (direct): (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using a diary, scale range 0-10</p>
|
|
<p>Depression (retrospective): (follow-up: post-): measured using a diary, scale range 0-10</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Weise 2008<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref59" rid="niceng155er11.ref59"><sup>59</sup></a></p>
|
|
<p>RCT</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Intervention (n=63):</p>
|
|
<p>Cognitive behavioural therapy: biofeedback-based behavioural intervention conducted by 4 trained therapists. Twelve 1 hour sessions given over 3 months. Each session included biofeedback as well as CBT elements and followed a structured manual. The biofeedback facilitated muscle relaxation and learning of control over physiological functions. Various tinnitus-specific CBT techniques found previously to be effective were included in the sessions.</p>
|
|
<p>Comparison (n=67):</p>
|
|
<p>Waiting list group who waited 3 months for the same sessions as the intervention group.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>n=130</p>
|
|
<p>People presenting with tinnitus for at least 6 months, participants had serious or severe tinnitus annoyance</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean): 51.2 years</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): 1.3:1</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus (mean): 6.4 years</p>
|
|
<p>Germany</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress (follow-up: post-treatment)measured by diary.</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity (follow-up: post treatment), measured by Tinnitus Questionnaire, scale range 0-84</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity (follow-up: post-treatment) measured by (Global Severity Index of the SCL-90-R), scale range not reported</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness: follow-up post-treatment at 3 months, measured by diary, scale range 0-10</p>
|
|
<p>Depression (follow-up: post-treatment), measured by (Beck Depression Inventory), scale range 0-63</p>
|
|
<p>Sleep (follow-up: post-treatment) measured by diary of sleep disturbance, scale range 0-10</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Weise 2016<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref60" rid="niceng155er11.ref60"><sup>60</sup></a></p>
|
|
<p>RCT</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Intervention (n=62):</p>
|
|
<p>Internet-based CBT self-help program, based on a well-established CBT self-help manual. 12 mandatory and 6 optional text modules. Mandatory modules covered strategies to reduce tinnitus-related distress (e.g., relaxation, exposure to tinnitus, or cognitive restructuring. Optional modules addressed problems potentially associated with tinnitus, such as sleep, hearing, or concentration problems. Module structure: theory and general information, exercises, worksheets and solutions for common problems. Participants downloaded text modules or spoken instructions; read the theoretical framework and conducted exercises in daily life. Once per week, patients could communicate with the therapist via a secured encrypted webpage. Therapists were instructed to spend a maximum of 10min/week per patient for e-mail correspondence. 10 weeks duration.</p>
|
|
<p>Comparison (n=62):</p>
|
|
<p>Control group - a confidential, moderated, online discussion forum. 10 weeks duration.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>n=124</p>
|
|
<p>People presenting with tinnitus for at least 6 months</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean): 47.66 years</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): 1:1.5</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus: 7.29 years</p>
|
|
<p>Sweden</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress and severity: follow-up: 10 weeks), measured by THI, total score ranges 0-100</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress and severity: follow-up: 10 weeks), measured by mini-TQ, total score ranges 0-20</p>
|
|
<p>Anxiety: follow-up: 10 weeks), measured by HADS – anxiety, total score ranges 0-21</p>
|
|
<p>Depression: follow-up: 10 weeks), measured by HADS-depression, total score ranges 0-21</p>
|
|
<p>Sleep: follow-up: 10 weeks), measured by ISI, total score ranges 0-28</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Westin 2011<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref62" rid="niceng155er11.ref62"><sup>62</sup></a></p>
|
|
<p>RCT</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Intervention (n=22):</p>
|
|
<p>Psychological therapy: acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) – participants completed the ACT treatment, with individual weekly sessions. Treatment involved mindfulness and acceptance training to promote goal-directed behaviour.</p>
|
|
<p>Comparison (n=22):</p>
|
|
<p>Waiting-list control – participants received letter stating that they were on the waiting list for treatment. Treatment started after 10 weeks.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>n=44</p>
|
|
<p>People presenting with tinnitus for at least 6 months</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean): 51.5 years</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): 1:1</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus: 6.9 years</p>
|
|
<p>Sweden</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), total score ranges from 0-100</p>
|
|
<p>Quality of life (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using the Quality of Life Inventory (QOLI), total score range not reported</p>
|
|
<p>Depression (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) (depression subscale), total score ranges from 0-21</p>
|
|
<p>Anxiety (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) (anxiety subscale), total score ranges from 0-21</p>
|
|
<p>Sleep (follow-up: post-treatment): measured using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), total score ranges from 0-28</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Included in combination review</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Zachriat 2004<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref64" rid="niceng155er11.ref64"><sup>64</sup></a></p>
|
|
<p>RCT</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Intervention (n=29):</p>
|
|
<p>Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) - the following interventions were included: educated on physiological and psychological factors playing a role in tinnitus; taught relaxation exercises and the use of attention distraction strategies. Administered in groups of 6-8 tinnitus patients. The intervention included 11 weekly sessions.</p>
|
|
<p>Comparison (n=23):</p>
|
|
<p>Education - a single treatment session in which patients were informed about the physiology and psychology of tinnitus.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>n=52</p>
|
|
<p>People presenting with tinnitus for > 3 months</p>
|
|
<p>Age (mean): 49.95 years</p>
|
|
<p>Gender (male to female ratio): 1.8:1</p>
|
|
<p>Duration of tinnitus (mean): 79 months</p>
|
|
<p>Germany</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress (follow-up: 11 weeks/post-treatment): measuring using the Tinnitus Questionnaire (TQ), score ranges from 0-84</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness (follow-up: 11 weeks/post-treatment): measured using tinnitus perception diary and subjective change (scale range 1-7)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Included in combination review</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab3"><div id="niceng155er11.tab3" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 3</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus waiting-list control</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab3_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95 % CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Waiting-list control</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with CBT (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity</p>
|
|
<p>Global Severity Index (GSI of SCL-90R)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>63</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.63</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.09 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.31 lower to 0.13 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>TQ/TRQ. Scale from: 0 to 84, 0-104.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>103</p>
|
|
<p>(2 studies)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>41.28</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.74 standard deviations lower</p>
|
|
<p>(1.16 to 0.33 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>TRQ. Scale from: 0 to 104.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>23</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>3 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>32.5</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>22.80 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(34.50 to 11.10 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus QoL</p>
|
|
<p>THQ</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>40</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus qol in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>60.88</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus qol in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>17.16 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(27.88 to 6.44 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus annoyance</p>
|
|
<p>VAS. Scale from: 0 to 4, 0-10.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>66</p>
|
|
<p>(2 studies)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus annoyance in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>3.04</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus annoyance in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.35 standard deviations lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.84 lower to 0.14 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness</p>
|
|
<p>VAS. Scale from: 0 to 4, 0-10.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>129</p>
|
|
<p>(3 studies)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>4.47</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.27 standard deviations lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.64 lower to 0.09 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>HADS. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>103</p>
|
|
<p>(2 studies)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>13.78</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.21 standard deviations lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.62 lower to 0.2 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>HADS. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>23</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>3 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>6.4</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>3.20 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(6.58 lower to 0.18 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>HADS. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>23</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>3 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>6.4</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>4 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(6.21 to 1.79 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>ASI</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>23</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>3 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>26.3</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>14.7 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(21.54 to 7.86 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Sleep disturbance</p>
|
|
<p>VAS. Scale from: 0 to 10.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>26</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep disturbance in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>2</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab3_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep disturbance in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.34 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(1.98 lower to 1.3 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab3_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab3_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab4"><div id="niceng155er11.tab4" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 4</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus control (masking)</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab4_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Control (masking)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with CBT (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity</p>
|
|
<p>THI. Scale from: 0 to 100.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>100</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>48.72</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>12.94 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(16.32 to 9.56 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>Symptom Checklist-90. Scale from: 1 to 5.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>100</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>2.42</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.3 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.56 to 0.04 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>Symptom Checklist-90. Scale from: 1 to 5.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>100</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>2.73</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab4_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.78 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.99 to 0.57 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab4_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab4_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab5"><div id="niceng155er11.tab5" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 5</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus information only</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab5/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab5_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95 % CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Information only</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with CBT (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>TQ. Scale from: 0 to 84.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>105</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>27.4</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>7.40 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(13.65 to 1.15 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>Scale from: 0 to 84.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>96</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>9 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>25.2</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>6.8 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(13.09 to 0.51 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>PHQ-D</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>105</p>
|
|
<p>(2 studies)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>5.7</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.00 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(2.85 lower to 0.85 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>PHQ-D</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>96</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>9 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>5.7</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab5_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.9 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(2.69 lower to 0.89 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab5_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab5_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab6"><div id="niceng155er11.tab6" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 6</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus education</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab6/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab6_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Education</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with CBT (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity</p>
|
|
<p>Global Severity Index (GSI of SCL90R)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>59</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.53</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.01 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(0.23 lower to 0.25 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>TRQ. Scale from: 0 to 84, 104.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>146</p>
|
|
<p>(3 studies)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>38.01</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.40 standard deviations lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.75 lower to 0.06 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>TQ. Scale from: 0 to 104.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>33</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>12 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>45.94</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.88 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(16.69 lower to 12.93 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus QoL</p>
|
|
<p>THQ</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>40</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus qol in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>59.34</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus qol in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>15.62 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(26.51 to 4.73 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus QoL</p>
|
|
<p>THQ</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>33</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>12 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus qol in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>55.23</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus qol in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>2.76 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(14.69 lower to 9.17 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness</p>
|
|
<p>VAS and subjective change. Scale from: 0 to 4.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>87</p>
|
|
<p>(2 studies)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>3.49</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.32 standard deviations lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.74 lower to 0.11 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness</p>
|
|
<p>Diary</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>106</p>
|
|
<p>(2 studies)</p>
|
|
<p>11 weeks - 6 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>4.11</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.06 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.78 lower to 0.67 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus annoyance</p>
|
|
<p>VAS. Scale from: 0 to 4.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>40</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus annoyance in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>2.77</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus annoyance in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.46 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.95 lower to 0.03 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus annoyance</p>
|
|
<p>VAS. Scale from: 0 to 4.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>33</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>12 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus annoyance in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>2.88</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus annoyance in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.63 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(1.37 lower to 0.11 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>BDI. Scale from: 0 to 63.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>40</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>11.45</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.45 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(4.39 lower to 5.29 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>BDI/ADS. Scale from: 0 to 63, 0-60.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>92</p>
|
|
<p>(2 studies)</p>
|
|
<p>6-12 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>12.44</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab6_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.06 standard deviations lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.5 lower to 0.38 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab6_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab6_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab7"><div id="niceng155er11.tab7" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 7</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus relaxation</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab7/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab7_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Relaxation</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with CBT (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity</p>
|
|
<p>Global Severity Index (GSI iof SCL-90R)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>59</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.75</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.21 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.55 lower to 0.13 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>TQ. Scale from: 0 to 84.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>59</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>31.27</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>7.6 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(13.95 to 1.25 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness</p>
|
|
<p>Diary. Scale from: 1 to 7.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>59</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean loudness (diary) (post treatment 6 months) in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>3.88</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.04 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.93 lower to 0.85 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>ADS</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>59</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>18.33</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>5.93 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(12.11 lower to 0.25 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab7_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab7_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab8"><div id="niceng155er11.tab8" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 8</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus passive relaxation training</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab8/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab8_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Passive relaxation training</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with CBT (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>TEQ</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>21</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>14</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.3 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(2.2 lower to 2.8 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>TEQ</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>16</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>4 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>15.5</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.2 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(2.33 lower to 1.93 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness rating.</p>
|
|
<p>Scale from: 1 to 5.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>18</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>4</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(0.72 lower to 0.72 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness rating.</p>
|
|
<p>Scale from: 1 to 5.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>16</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>4 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>4</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.03 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.54 lower to 0.48 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus annoyance (most annoying)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>18</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus annoyance (most annoying) in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>2.85</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus annoyance (most annoying) in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.75 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(0.1 to 1.4 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus annoyance (most annoying)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>16</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>4 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus annoyance (most annoying) in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>4</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus annoyance (most annoying) in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(0.71 lower to 0.71 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>BDI. Scale from: 0 to 63.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>16</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>1 month</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>11.16</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>3.36 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(13.24 lower to 6.52 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>STAI- state. Scale from: 20 to 80.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>16</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>1 month</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>45.66</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>6.46 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(21.31 lower to 8.39 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>STAI-trait. Scale from: 20 to 80.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>16</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>1 month</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>52.16</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>7.06 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(18.48 lower to 4.36 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Insomnia</p>
|
|
<p>TEQ</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>18</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean insomnia in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>8.57</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean insomnia in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.03 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(2.09 lower to 2.15 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Insomnia</p>
|
|
<p>TEQ</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>16</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>4 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was 9.33</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab8_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean insomnia in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.13 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(2.05 lower to 1.79 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab8_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab8_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab9"><div id="niceng155er11.tab9" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 9</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus applied relaxation training</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab9/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab9_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Applied relaxation training</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with CBT (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>TEQ</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>23</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>15</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.7 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(2.64 lower to 1.24 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>TEQ</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>21</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>4 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>14.45</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.85 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(1.07 lower to 2.77 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness rating.</p>
|
|
<p>Scale from: 1 to 5.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>23</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>3.66</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.34 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(0.35 lower to 1.03 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness rating.</p>
|
|
<p>Scale from: 1 to 5.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>21</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>4 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>4</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.3 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(0.24 lower to 0.84 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus annoyance (most annoying)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>23</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus annoyance (most annoying) in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>3.08</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus annoyance (most annoying) in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.52 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(0.13 lower to 1.17 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus annoyance (most annoying)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>21</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>4 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus annoyance (most annoying) in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>3.18</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus annoyance (most annoying) in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.82 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(0 to 1.64 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>BDI. Scale from: 0 to 63.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>22</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>1month</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>6.83</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.97 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(4.09 lower to 6.03 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>STAI-state. Scale from: 20 to 80.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>22</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>1 month</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>40.41</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.21 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(12.12 lower to 9.7 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>STAI-trait. Scale from: 20 to 80.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>22</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>1 month</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>44.33</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.77 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(6.78 lower to 8.32 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Insomnia</p>
|
|
<p>TEQ</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>23</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean insomnia in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>8.58</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean insomnia in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.02 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(1.75 lower to 1.79 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Insomnia</p>
|
|
<p>TEQ</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>21</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>4 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean insomnia in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>9.09</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab9_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean insomnia in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.11 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(0.93 lower to 1.15 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab9_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab9_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab10"><div id="niceng155er11.tab10" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 10</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: CBT-stepped intervention versus usual care</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab10/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab10_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Usual care</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with CBTstepped intervention (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity</p>
|
|
<p>TQ. Scale from: 0 to 84.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>394</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
<p>(step 1)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊕⊕</p>
|
|
<p>HIGH</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>45.51</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>3.5 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(7.4 lower to 0.4 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity</p>
|
|
<p>TQ. Scale from: 0 to 84.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>332</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>12 months</p>
|
|
<p>(step 2)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊕⊝</p>
|
|
<p>MODERATE<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>42.12</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>8.69 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(12.66 to 4.72 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Quality of life</p>
|
|
<p>HUI. Scale from: -0.36 to 1.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>394</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
<p>(step 1)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊕⊝</p>
|
|
<p>MODERATE<sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean quality of life in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.64</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean quality of life in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.02 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.08 lower to 0.04 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Quality of life</p>
|
|
<p>HUI. Scale from: -0.36 to 1.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>342</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>12 months</p>
|
|
<p>(step 2)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊕⊝</p>
|
|
<p>MODERATE<sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean quality of life in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.63</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean quality of life in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.05 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(0.01 to 0.11 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus-related quality of life</p>
|
|
<p>THI. Scale from: 0 to 100.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>394</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
<p>(step 1)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊕⊕</p>
|
|
<p>HIGH</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus-related quality of life in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>37.38</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus-related quality of life in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>3.13 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(7.79 lower to 1.53 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus-related quality of life</p>
|
|
<p>THI. Scale from: 0 to 100.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>332</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>12 months</p>
|
|
<p>(step 2)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊕⊝</p>
|
|
<p>MODERATE<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus-related quality of life in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>33.51</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus-related quality of life in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>7.06 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(11.63 to 2.49 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression and anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>HADS. Scale from: 0 to 42.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>394</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
<p>(step 1)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊕⊕</p>
|
|
<p>HIGH</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression and anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>12.08</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression and anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.17 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(1.82 lower to 1.48 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression and anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>HADS. Scale from: 0 to 42.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>332</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>12 months</p>
|
|
<p>(step 2)</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊕⊕</p>
|
|
<p>HIGH</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression and anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>10.83</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression and anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.61 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(2.24 lower to 1.02 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab10_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab10_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab11"><div id="niceng155er11.tab11" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 11</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: CBT (self-help book) versus waiting-list control</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab11/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab11_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab11_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab11_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab11_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab11_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab11_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab11_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab11_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95 % CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab11_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab11_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab11_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Waiting-list control</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab11_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab11_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with CBT (book) (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>TRQ. Scale from: 0 to 104.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab11_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>125</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>3 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab11_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab11_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab11_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab11_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>20.67</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab11_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab11_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>5.12 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(10.66 lower to 0.42 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab11_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab11_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab12"><div id="niceng155er11.tab12" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 12</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: CBT (bibliotherapy) versus information only</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab12/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab12_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95 % CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Information only</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with CBTbibliotherapy (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>TQ. Scale from: 0 to 84.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>109</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>27.4</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.10 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(8.37 lower to 6.17 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>TQ. Scale from: 0 to 84.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>94</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>9 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>25.2</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>4.40 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(11.64 lower to 2.84 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>PHQ-D. Scale from: 0 to 120.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>109</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>5.7</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.70 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(1.34 lower to 2.74 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>PHQ-D. Scale from: 0 to 120.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>94</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>9 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>5.7</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab12_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.80 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(1.29 lower to 2.89 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab12_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab12_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab13"><div id="niceng155er11.tab13" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 13</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: CBT versus control (web discussion forum)</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab13/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab13_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95 % CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Control (web discussion forum)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with CBT (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>Mini-TQ. Scale from: 0 to 24.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>81</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>10 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>11.09</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>3 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(5.33 to 0.67 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity</p>
|
|
<p>THI. Scale from: 0 to 100.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>81</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>10 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean severity in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>37.46</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>9.76 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(18.74 to 0.78 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>HADS. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>81</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>10 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>5.88</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.47 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(3.28 lower to 0.34 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>HADS. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>81</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>10 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>7.67</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.83 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(3.68 lower to 0.02 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Sleep</p>
|
|
<p>ISI. Scale from: 0 to 28.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>81</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>10 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>10.91</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab13_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.88 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(4.92 lower to 1.16 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab13_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab13_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab14"><div id="niceng155er11.tab14" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 14</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: iCBT versus waiting-list control</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab14/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab14_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Waiting-list control</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with iCBT (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus annoyance</p>
|
|
<p>VAS. Scale from: 0 to 10.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>84</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus annoyance in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>5.8</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus annoyance in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.5 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(1.56 lower to 0.56 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness</p>
|
|
<p>VAS. Scale from: 0 to 10.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>83</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>6.4</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.2 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(1.26 lower to 0.86 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>HADS - depression. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>72</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>6</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.8 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(2.76 lower to 1.16 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>HADS - depression. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>96</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>1 year</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>5.3</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(1.56 lower to 1.56 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>HADS - anxiety. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>72</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
<p>weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>6.8</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.9 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(2.88 lower to 1.08 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>HADS - anxiety. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>96</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>1 year</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>6.4</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.3 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(2.02 lower to 1.42 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Sleep</p>
|
|
<p>ISI. Scale from: 0 to 28.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>82</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>6.7</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab14_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.60 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.47 lower to 1.67 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab14_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab14_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab15"><div id="niceng155er11.tab15" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 15</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: iCBT versus information only</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab15/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab15_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Information only</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with iCBT (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>TQ/TRQ. Scale from: 0 to 84, 0-104.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>161</p>
|
|
<p>(2 studies)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, inconsistency, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>20.68</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.34 standard deviations lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.66 to 0.03 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>TQ. Scale from: 0 to 84.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>93</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>9 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>25.2</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>5.8 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(12.71 lower to 1.11 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus annoyance</p>
|
|
<p>VAS. Scale from: 0 to 10.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>51</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus annoyance in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>3.61</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus annoyance in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.23 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(1.1 lower to 0.64 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness</p>
|
|
<p>VAS. Scale from: 0 to 10.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>51</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>4.48</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.1 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(0.84 lower to 1.04 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>DASS/PHQ-D. Scale from: not reported, 0-120.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>161</p>
|
|
<p>(2 studies)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, inconsistency, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>4.07</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.05 standard deviations higher</p>
|
|
<p>(0.26 lower to 0.36 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>PHQ-D</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>93</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>9 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>5.7</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.2 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(1.92 lower to 2.32 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>DASS. Scale from: 0 to 120.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>51</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>3.09</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.7 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(1.46 lower to 2.86 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Sleep quality</p>
|
|
<p>VAS. Scale from: 0 to 10.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>51</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>3</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep quality in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>4.17</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab15_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep quality in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.1 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(1.24 lower to 1.04 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab15_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab15_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 or 2 increments because heterogeneity, I2= > 50%, p= > 0.04, unexplained by subgroup analysis.</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab15_3"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab16"><div id="niceng155er11.tab16" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 16</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: iCBT versus tinnitus information counselling</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab16/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab16_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95 % CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Tinnitus information counselling</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with iCBT (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity</p>
|
|
<p>THI. Scale from: 0 to 100.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>88</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>28.74</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>6.41 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(14.71 lower to 1.89 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity</p>
|
|
<p>THI. Scale from: 0 to 100.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>74</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>2 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>27.11</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>9.33 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(17.77 to 0.89 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>TFI. Scale from: 0 to 100.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>88</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>34.88</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>7 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(16.6 lower to 2.6 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>TFI. Scale from: 0 to 100.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>74</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>2 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>32.51</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>9.66 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(19.4 lower to 0.08 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Quality of life</p>
|
|
<p>SWLS. Scale from: 5 to 35.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>88</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean quality of life in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>20.05</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean quality of life in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.05 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(2.16 lower to 2.26 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Quality of life</p>
|
|
<p>SWLS. Scale from: 5 to 35.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>74</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>2 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean quality of life in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>20.5</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean quality of life in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.5 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(1.78 lower to 2.78 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>PHQ-9. Scale from: 0 to 27.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>88</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>4.19</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.52 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(2.14 lower to 1.1 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>PHQ-9. Scale from: 0 to 27.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>74</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>2 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>4.97</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>2.19 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(3.95 to 0.43 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>GAD-7. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>88</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>3.33</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.12 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(1.43 lower to 1.67 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>GAD-7. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>74</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>2 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>3.42</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.09 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(1.64 lower to 1.46 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Sleep</p>
|
|
<p>ISI. Scale from: 0 to 28.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>88</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>9.55</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>2.84 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(5.42 to 0.26 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Sleep</p>
|
|
<p>ISI. Scale from: 0 to 28.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>74</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>2 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>10.03</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab16_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>4.34 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(7.01 to 1.67 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab16_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab16_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab17"><div id="niceng155er11.tab17" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 17</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: iCBT versus control (web discussion forum)</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab17/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab17_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Control (web discussion forum)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with iCBT (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity and distress</p>
|
|
<p>THI. Scale from: 0 to 100.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>262</p>
|
|
<p>(3 studies)</p>
|
|
<p>8-10 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity and distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>44.39</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity and distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>12.16 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(16.37 to 7.96 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>Mini-TQ. Scale from: 0 to 20.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>200</p>
|
|
<p>(2 studies)</p>
|
|
<p>8-10 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>12.18</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>4.42 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(5.74 to 3.1 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Quality of life</p>
|
|
<p>QoLI</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>62</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>8 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean quality of life in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>2.27</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean quality of life in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.26 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(0.5 lower to 1.02 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>HADS. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>262</p>
|
|
<p>(3 studies)</p>
|
|
<p>8-10 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>6.44</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.95 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(2.89 to 1.02 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>HADS. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>262</p>
|
|
<p>(3 studies)</p>
|
|
<p>8-10 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>7.43</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.66 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(2.53 to 0.79 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Sleep</p>
|
|
<p>ISI. Scale from: 0 to 28.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>262</p>
|
|
<p>(3 studies)</p>
|
|
<p>8-10 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>11.23</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab17_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>2.9 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(4.42 to 1.38 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab17_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab17_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab18"><div id="niceng155er11.tab18" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 18</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: iCBT versus iACT</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab18/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab18_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95 % CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with iACT</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with iCBT (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress and severity</p>
|
|
<p>THI. Scale from: 0 to 100.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>63</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>8 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean distress and severity in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>31.94</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean distress and severity in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>6.99 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(1.64 lower to 15.62 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress and severity</p>
|
|
<p>THI. Scale from: 0 to 100.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>61</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>12 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean distress and severity in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>44.26</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean distress and severity in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>3.79 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(14.76 lower to 7.18 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Quality of life</p>
|
|
<p>QoLI</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>63</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>8 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean quality of life in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>2.12</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean quality of life in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.41 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(0.34 lower to 1.16 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Quality of life</p>
|
|
<p>QoLI</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>61</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>12 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean quality of life in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.84</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean quality of life in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.64 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(0.11 lower to 1.39 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>HADS. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>63</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>8 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>4.21</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.46 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(0.97 lower to 1.89 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>HADS. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>61</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>12 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>6.39</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.49 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(3.48 lower to 0.5 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>HADS. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>63</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>8 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>3.48</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.11 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(1.54 lower to 1.32 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>HADS. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>61</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>12 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>5.03</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.96 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(3.55 to 0.37 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Sleep</p>
|
|
<p>ISI. Scale from: 0 to 28.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>63</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>8 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>3.48</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.45 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(1.62 lower to 4.52 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Sleep</p>
|
|
<p>ISI. Scale from: 0 to 28.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>61</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>12 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>17.32</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab18_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>5.29 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(9.88 to 0.70 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab18_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab18_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab19"><div id="niceng155er11.tab19" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 19</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: Biofeedback versus waiting list control</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab19/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab19_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95 % CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Waiting-list control</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with Biofeedback (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus diary. Scale from: 0 to 84.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>42</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>8 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>28.47</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.33 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(9.77 lower to 7.11 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>TQ. Scale from: 0 to 84.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>41</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>6 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>28.11</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>3.29 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(14.15 lower to 7.57 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Quality of life</p>
|
|
<p>Health Life Satisfaction</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>42</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>8 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean quality of life in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>62.68</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean quality of life in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.54 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(20.48 lower to 21.56 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Quality of life</p>
|
|
<p>Health Life Satisfaction</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>41</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>6 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean quality of life in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>46.53</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean quality of life in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>7.47 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(17.67 lower to 32.61 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus diary. Scale from: 0 to 10.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>42</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>8 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>4.12</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.49 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(1.43 lower to 0.45 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus diary. Scale from: 0 to 10.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>41</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>6 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>3.87</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab19_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.17 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(0.96 lower to 1.3 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab19_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab19_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab20"><div id="niceng155er11.tab20" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 20</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: Biofeedback-based CBT versus waiting-list control</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab20/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab20_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Waiting-list control</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with Biofeedback-based CBT (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity</p>
|
|
<p>Global severity index of SLC-90-R</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>111</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>3 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊕⊝</p>
|
|
<p>MODERATE<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.76</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.01 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.21 lower to 0.19 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>TQ. Scale from: 0 to 84.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>111</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>3 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊕⊝</p>
|
|
<p>MODERATE<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>49.54</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>17.02 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(22.6 to 11.44 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus distress</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus diary</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>111</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>3 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>5.22</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.04 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(1.68 to 0.4 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness</p>
|
|
<p>Tinnitus diary. Scale from: 0 to 10.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>111</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>3 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>5.69</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.33 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(1.98 to 0.68 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>BDI. Scale from: 0 to 63.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>111</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>3 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>13.38</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.09 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(4.16 lower to 1.98 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Sleep</p>
|
|
<p>Sleep disturbance diary. Scale from: 0 to 10.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>111</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>3 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>4.58</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab20_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.37 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(2.28 to 0.46 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab20_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab20_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab21"><div id="niceng155er11.tab21" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 21</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: Behavioural therapy versus waiting-list control</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab21/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab21_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Waiting-list control</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with Behavioural therapy (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness (direct)</p>
|
|
<p>Diary. Scale from: 0 to 10.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>24</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness (direct) in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>7.21</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness (direct) in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.96 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(2.49 lower to 0.57 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness (retrospective)</p>
|
|
<p>Diary. Scale from: 0 to 10.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>24</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness (retrospective) in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>7</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness (retrospective) in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.01 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(2.80 lower to 0.78 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus annoyance (retrospective)</p>
|
|
<p>Diary. Scale from: 0 to 10.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>24</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus annoyance (retrospective) in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>2.73</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus annoyance (retrospective) in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.55 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(1.67 lower to 0.57 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression (retrospective)</p>
|
|
<p>Diary. Scale from: 0 to 10.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>24</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression (retrospective) in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>2.84</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab21_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression (retrospective) in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.92 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(1.93 lower to 0.09 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab21_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab21_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab22"><div id="niceng155er11.tab22" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 22</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy versus relaxation</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab22/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab22_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Relaxation</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with Mindfulnessbased cognitive therapy (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity</p>
|
|
<p>TQ. Scale from: 0 to 84.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>68</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊕⊝</p>
|
|
<p>MODERATE<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>38.2</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>6.8 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(14.03 lower to 0.43 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity</p>
|
|
<p>TQ. Scale from: 0 to 84.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>62</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>6 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊕⊝</p>
|
|
<p>MODERATE<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>35.6</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>7.6 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(16.3 lower to 1.1 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity</p>
|
|
<p>TFI. Scale from: 0 to 100.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>68</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊕⊝</p>
|
|
<p>MODERATE<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>49.2</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>7.00 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(16.09 to 2.09 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity</p>
|
|
<p>TFI. Scale from: 0 to 100.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>62</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>6 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊕⊝</p>
|
|
<p>MODERATE<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>49</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>11.80 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(23.06 to 0.54 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness</p>
|
|
<p>VAS. Scale from: 0 to 100.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>68</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊕⊝</p>
|
|
<p>MODERATE<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>59.2</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>2.6 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(13.94 lower to 8.74 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness</p>
|
|
<p>VAS. Scale from: 0 to 100.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>62</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>6 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊕⊝</p>
|
|
<p>MODERATE<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>65.4</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>10.3 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(23.79 lower to 3.19 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>HADS. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>93</p>
|
|
<p>(2 studies)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊕⊝</p>
|
|
<p>MODERATE<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>10.165</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.41 standard deviations lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.82 lower to 0.01 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>HADS. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>87</p>
|
|
<p>(2 studies)</p>
|
|
<p>6 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊕⊝</p>
|
|
<p>MODERATE<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>9.71</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.42 standard deviations lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.85 lower to 0.01 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>HADS. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>93</p>
|
|
<p>(2 studies)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊕⊕</p>
|
|
<p>HIGH</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>27.925</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.24 standard deviations lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.65 lower to 0.17 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>HADS. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>87</p>
|
|
<p>(2 studies)</p>
|
|
<p>3-6 months</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊕⊝</p>
|
|
<p>MODERATE<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>27.965</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab22_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.39 standard deviations lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.82 lower to 0.03 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab22_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab23"><div id="niceng155er11.tab23" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 23</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: Mindfulness meditation versus relaxation therapy</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab23/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab23_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Relaxation therapy</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with Mindfulness meditation (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity</p>
|
|
<p>VAS. Scale from: 0 to 10.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>61</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>15 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>4.41</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.5 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(2.51 to 0.49 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness</p>
|
|
<p>VAS. Scale from: 0 to 10.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>61</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>15 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>5.11</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.64 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(1.79 lower to 0.51 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>HADS - anxiety. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>61</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>15 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>5.89</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.3 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(3.08 lower to 0.48 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>HADS - depression. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>61</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>15 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>5.15</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.33 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(2.07 lower to 1.41 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression and anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>HADS - total. Scale from: 0 to 42.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>61</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>15 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression and anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>11.037</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab23_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression and anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.63 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(4.94 lower to 1.69 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab23_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab23_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab24"><div id="niceng155er11.tab24" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 24</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: Mindfulness and body psychotherapy-based group treatment versus waiting-list control</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab24/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab24_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95% CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Waiting-list control</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with Mindfulness and body-psychotherapy-based group treatment (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity</p>
|
|
<p>TQ. Scale from: 0 to 84.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>31</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>24 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>33.1</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>6.6 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(18.18 lower to 4.98 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity</p>
|
|
<p>THI. Scale from: 0 to 100</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>31</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>24 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean severity in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>41.3</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>14 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(28.43 lower to 0.43 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus annoyance</p>
|
|
<p>VAS. Scale from: 0 to 10.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>31</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>24 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean annoyance in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>7.2</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus annoyance in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.8 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(3.6 lower to 0 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus loudness</p>
|
|
<p>VAS. Scale from: 0 to 10.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>31</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>24 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean loudness in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>7</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus loudness in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.9 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(3.67 to 0.13 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>BDI. Scale from: 0 to 63.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>31</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>24 weeks</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>13.3</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab24_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>5.7 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(10.85 to 0.55 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab24_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab24_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab25"><div id="niceng155er11.tab25" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 25</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: iACT versus control (web discussion forum)</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab25/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab25_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95 % CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Control (web discussion forum)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with iACT (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity and distress</p>
|
|
<p>THI. Scale from: 0 to 100.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>65</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊕⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>LOW<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity and distress in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>49.94</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity and distress in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>18 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(25.46 to 10.54 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Quality of life</p>
|
|
<p>QoLI</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>65</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean quality of life in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>2.27</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean quality of life in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.15 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(0.87 lower to 0.57 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>HADS - depression. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>65</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>4.59</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.11 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(2. 52 lower to 0.3 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>HADS - anxiety. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>65</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>6.78</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>2.57 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(4.15 to 0.99 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Sleep</p>
|
|
<p>ISI. Scale from: 0 to 28.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>65</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>8.48</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab25_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>2.74 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(5.78 lower to 0.3 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab25_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab25_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab26"><div id="niceng155er11.tab26" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 26</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence summary: ACT versus waiting-list control</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab26/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab26_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_1" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Outcomes</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_2" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_2" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">No of Participants (studies) Follow up</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_3" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_3" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Quality of the evidence (GRADE)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Relative effect (95 % CI)</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_5" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Anticipated absolute effects</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk with Waiting-list control</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_5" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Risk difference with ACT (95% CI)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Tinnitus severity</p>
|
|
<p>THI. Scale from: 0 to 100.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>44</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>48.29</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean tinnitus severity in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>20.86 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(32.76 to 8.96 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Quality of life</p>
|
|
<p>QoLI</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>44</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean quality of life in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>1.92</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean quality of life in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>0.86 higher</p>
|
|
<p>(0.12 lower to 1.84 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Depression</p>
|
|
<p>HADS- depression. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>44</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>6.2</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>3 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(5.59 to 0.41 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Anxiety</p>
|
|
<p>HADS – anxiety. Scale from: 0 to 21.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>44</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean depression in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>7.2</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean anxiety in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>3.6 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(6.27 to 0.93 lower)</p>
|
|
</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Sleep</p>
|
|
<p>ISI. Scale from: 0 to 28.</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>44</p>
|
|
<p>(1 study)</p>
|
|
<p>post-treatment</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⊕⊝⊝⊝</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW<sup>1</sup><sup>,</sup><sup>2</sup></p>
|
|
<p>due to risk of bias, imprecision</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep in the control groups was</p>
|
|
<p>11.8</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_1_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab26_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>The mean sleep in the intervention groups was</p>
|
|
<p>2.55 lower</p>
|
|
<p>(5.9 lower to 0.8 higher)</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab26_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab26_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab27"><div id="niceng155er11.tab27" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 27</span><span class="title">Health economic evidence profile: Specialised care versus usual care</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab27/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab27_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab27_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Study</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab27_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Applicability</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab27_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Limitations</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab27_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Other comments</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab27_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Incremental cost</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab27_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Incremental effects</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab27_1_1_1_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Cost effectiveness</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab27_1_1_1_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom;">Uncertainty</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab27_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>Maes 2014<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref37" rid="niceng155er11.ref37"><sup>37</sup></a></p>
|
|
<p>Netherlands</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab27_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Partially Applicable<sup>(a)</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab27_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Potentially Serious Limitations<sup>(b)</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab27_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Within trial (RCT) cost-utility analysis, with a 1yr follow up and 32% drop out rate.</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab27_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">£102 <sup>(c)</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab27_1_1_1_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">0.02 QALYs <sup>(d)</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab27_1_1_1_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">£7001 per QALY gained</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab27_1_1_1_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Probability specialised care is cost effective in the base case (£20K and 30K threshold): 60% and 68%</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">Abbreviations: QALY: quality-adjusted life years; RCT: randomised controlled trial</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>(a)</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab27_1"><p class="no_margin">The analysis takes a reasonable approach however as the study is from a Dutch perspective and QALYs are derived using HUI3 the study has been judged as partially applicable.</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>(b)</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab27_2"><p class="no_margin">This economic analysis is based on a single trial, with a very high dropout rate. Therefore, this study has been judged to have potentially serious limitations.</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>(c)</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab27_3"><p class="no_margin">2009 euros converted into GBP using the purchasing power parities<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref51" rid="niceng155er11.ref51"><sup>51</sup></a></p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>(d)</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab27_4"><p class="no_margin">Utilities were derived using the Health Utilities Index Mark III</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab28"><div id="niceng155er11.tab28" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 28</span><span class="title">Description of psychological strategies and the staff requirement</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab28/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab28_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Psychological therapy</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Group Size</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Frequency <sup>(a)</sup></th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Number of clinical staff required<sup>(b)</sup></th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Source</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Supervised digital CBT</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>8 sessions:</p>
|
|
<p>8 weekly individual 10.9 minute phone calls</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 band 7 clinical psychologist under the supervision of band 8a principal psychologist.</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Beukes (2018) and Jasper (2014) and GC<sup>(c)</sup></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Group CBT</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">8</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>7 sessions:</p>
|
|
<p>6 weekly 2 hour group sessions and a 1hr follow-up group session</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2 band 7 clinical psychologists under the supervision of band 8a principal psychologist.</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">GC</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Individual CBT</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>6 sessions:</p>
|
|
<p>6 weekly 1 hour individual sessions and a 1hr follow-up individual session</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 Band 7 psychologist under the supervision of band 8a principal psychologist.</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">GC</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Group mindfulness based cognitive therapy</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>9 sessions:</p>
|
|
<p>8 weekly 2hr group sessions and a 1.5hr follow-up group session</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2 band 7 clinical psychologists under the supervision of band 8a principal psychologist. This intervention could also be delivered by other clinical staff trained in mindfulness.</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">GC</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Group acceptance and commitment therapy<sup>(d)</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">14</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>10 sessions:</p>
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<p>10 weekly 2hr sessions</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2 band 7 clinical psychologists under the supervision of band 8a principal psychologist.</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab28_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">
|
|
<p>NHS</p>
|
|
<p>Worcestershire</p>
|
|
</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>(a)</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab28_1"><p class="no_margin">All sessions include an additional initial 1 hour individual consultation as advised by the guideline committee</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>(b)</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab28_2"><p class="no_margin">Many studies were not based in a UK setting and sometimes involved the provision of services by students on postgraduate degrees. In the NHS the provision of services would be from appropriately trained practitioners, and therefore the band and specialty of staff required was determined by the GC based on their clinical experience rather than the literature.</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>(c)</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab28_3"><p class="no_margin">The estimates for staff contact time for the digital CBT intervention varied in studies. In this costing analysis, the average has been taken of the 13.7 minutes of clinician contact time reported in Jasper (2014)<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref26" rid="niceng155er11.ref26"><sup>26</sup></a> and the 8 minutes contact time reported in a recent UK study.<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref9" rid="niceng155er11.ref9"><sup>9</sup></a></p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>(d)</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab28_4"><p class="no_margin">The time required for acceptance base therapy (ACT) has been sourced by NHS Worcestershire who provide acceptance and commitment therapy – though these sessions were not exclusively for tinnitus.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab29"><div id="niceng155er11.tab29" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 29</span><span class="title">Frequency of supervision</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab29/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab29_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Psychological therapy <sup>(a)</sup></th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Supervision sessions for whole intervention</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Supervising staff</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Total supervising time (hours)</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Supervised digital CBT</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2 sessions</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">8a psychologist</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Group CBT</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2 sessions</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">8a psychologist</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Individual CBT</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2 sessions</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">8a psychologist</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Group mindfulness based cognitive therapy</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2 sessions</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">8a psychologist</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">2</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Group acceptance and commitment therapy</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">3 sessions</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">8a psychologist</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab29_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">3</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>(a)</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab29_1"><p class="no_margin">This was preferred over the supervision presented in the literature as many studies were not UK based and often involved students on postgraduate courses. In the NHS the provision of services would be from appropriately trained practitioners who are supervised. The assumptions for the number of supervision sessions were therefore determined by the GC based on their clinical experience. The GC based their assumption on the number of supervision sessions required according to the duration of the intervention and the number of participants involved.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab30"><div id="niceng155er11.tab30" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 30</span><span class="title">UK costs of clinical psychologists</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab30/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab30_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab30_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Staff member <sup>(a)</sup></th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab30_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Band</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab30_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Cost per hour of patient contact</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab30_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Clinical Psychologist</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab30_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">7</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab30_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">£53</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab30_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Principal Psychologist</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab30_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">8a</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab30_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">£63</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_margin">Source[s]: PSSRU (2018)</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>(a)</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab30_1"><p class="no_margin">The committee indicated that a band 7 clinical psychologist would be expected to deliver psychological therapies under the supervision of a band 8a principal psychologist. However, the committee explained that other trained practitioners could also deliver group mindfulness based cognitive therapies.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab31"><div id="niceng155er11.tab31" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 31</span><span class="title">Cost per patient for different psychological therapies<sup>(a)</sup></span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab31/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab31_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Psychological Therapy</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Therapy</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Supervision</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Total</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Supervised digital CBT</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">£77</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">£29</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">£106</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Group CBT</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">£172</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">£29</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">£201</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Individual CBT</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">£371</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">£29</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">£400</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Group mindfulness cognitive based therapy</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">£155</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">£19</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">£174</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Group acceptance and commitment therapy</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">£151</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">£25</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab31_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">£176</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>(a)</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab31_1"><p class="no_margin">The costs have been calculated by calculating the total staff hours required per patient for each intervention and then multiplying by the relevant unit cost per hour for each specific staff sourced from the PSSRU.<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref18" rid="niceng155er11.ref18"><sup>18</sup></a></p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab32"><div id="niceng155er11.tab32" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 32</span><span class="title">Number of patients that require an additional intervention from a hypothetical (n=1000) tinnitus population</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab32/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab32_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab32_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Psychological therapy strategy</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab32_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Number requiring the second intervention <sup>(a)</sup></th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab32_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Source</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab32_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Supervised digital CBT stepped to individual CBT</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab32_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">480</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab32_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Beukes, (2018)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab32_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Supervised digital CBT stepped to individual or group CBT<sup>(b)</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab32_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">480</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab32_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Beukes, (2018)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab32_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Group CBT stepped to individual CBT</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab32_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">180</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab32_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">GC estimate</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab32_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Individual CBT stepped to group CBT</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab32_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">100</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab32_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">GC estimate</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab32_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Group mindfulness CBT based therapy stepped to individual CBT</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab32_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">50</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab32_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">GC estimate</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab32_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Group acceptance and commitment therapy stepped to individual CBT</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab32_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">250</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab32_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">GC estimate</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>(a)</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab32_1"><p class="no_margin">Estimates of the proportion of people with tinnitus that would require a second-line intervention. These estimates were sourced from the committee’s experience of current practice and a study by Beukes (2018)<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref11" rid="niceng155er11.ref11"><sup>11</sup></a> Sensitivity analysis has been completed to consider alternative estimates.</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>(b)</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab32_2"><p class="no_margin">For this strategy it was assumed that half of those requiring a second intervention would have individual CBT and the other half would have group CBT.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab33"><div id="niceng155er11.tab33" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 33</span><span class="title">Mean cost of different psychological therapy strategies and QALY gained required for the strategy to be cost effective compared to no intervention</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab33/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab33_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Strategy</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">1<sup>st</sup> line</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">2nd line<sup>(a)</sup></th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Both lines</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">QALYs required at the £20k threshold</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Group mindfulness based cognitive therapy stepped up to individual CBT</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£174</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£20</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£194</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">0.010</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Supervised digital CBT stepped up to individual or group CBT</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£106</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£144</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£250</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">0.013</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Group CBT stepped up to individual CBT</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£201</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£72</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£273</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">0.014</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Group acceptance based therapy stepped up to individual CBT</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£176</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£100</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£276</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">0.014</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Supervised digital CBT stepped up to individual CBT</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£106</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£192</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£298</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">0.015</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Individual CBT alone</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£400</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£0</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£400</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">0.020</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Individual CBT stepped up to group CBT</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£400</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£20</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£420</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">0.021</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_8_1" colspan="5" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Sensitivity analysis</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_8_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Supervised digital CBT stepped up to individual CBT (only 25% require second-line)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_8_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£106</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_8_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£100</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_8_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£206</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_8_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">0.010</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_8_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Supervised digital CBT stepped up to individual or group CBT (only 25% require second-line)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_8_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£106</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_8_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£75</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_8_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">£181</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.tab33_1_1_8_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">0.009</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>(a)</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab33_1"><p class="no_margin">Not all patients will require a second line intervention so only a proportion will be stepped up – see <a class="figpopup" href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab32/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-figpopup="figniceng155er11tab32" rid-ob="figobniceng155er11tab32">Table 32</a> for more details.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11tab34"><div id="niceng155er11.tab34" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 34</span><span class="title">QALY gains achieved by adults with chronic pain after receiving psychological interventions</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.tab34/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.tab34_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab34_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Intervention</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab34_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">QALY gains</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab34_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Digital CBT</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab34_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">0.014</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab34_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Group CBT</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab34_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">0.010</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab34_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Group acceptance and commitment therapy</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.tab34_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">0.020</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>(a)</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab34_1"><p class="no_margin">Frisen (2017)<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref20" rid="niceng155er11.ref20"><sup>20</sup></a></p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>(b)</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab34_2"><p class="no_margin">Alda (2011) <a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref2" rid="niceng155er11.ref2"><sup>2</sup></a></p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>(c)</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.tab34_3"><p class="no_margin">Luciano (2014) <a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref36" rid="niceng155er11.ref36"><sup>36</sup></a></p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11fig1"><div id="niceng155er11.fig1" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%201.%20Sensitivity%20analysis%20of%20mean%20cost%20per%20patient%20for%20each%20psychological%20therapy%20strategy.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11f1.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11f1.jpg" alt="Figure 1. Sensitivity analysis of mean cost per patient for each psychological therapy strategy." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 1</span><span class="title">Sensitivity analysis of mean cost per patient for each psychological therapy strategy</span></h3><div class="caption"><p>Diamonds indicate base case analysis estimates</p></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appatab1"><div id="niceng155er11.appa.tab1" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 36</span><span class="title">Health economic review protocol</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appa.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appa.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">Review question</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:middle;">All questions – health economic evidence</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Objectives</b>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">To identify health economic studies relevant to any of the review questions.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Search criteria</b>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Populations, interventions and comparators must be as specified in the clinical review protocol above.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Studies must be of a relevant health economic study design (cost–utility analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, cost–benefit analysis, cost–consequences analysis, comparative cost analysis).</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Studies must not be a letter, editorial or commentary, or a review of health economic evaluations. (Recent reviews will be ordered although not reviewed. The bibliographies will be checked for relevant studies, which will then be ordered.)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Unpublished reports will not be considered unless submitted as part of a call for evidence.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Studies must be in English.</div></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Search strategy</b>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">A health economic study search will be undertaken using population-specific terms and a health economic study filter – see <a href="#niceng155er11.appb">appendix B</a> below.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appa.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<b>Review strategy</b>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appa.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Studies not meeting any of the search criteria above will be excluded. Studies published before 2003, abstract-only studies and studies from non-OECD countries or the USA will also be excluded.</p>
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<p>Each remaining study will be assessed for applicability and methodological limitations using the NICE economic evaluation checklist which can be found in appendix H of Developing NICE guidelines: the manual (2014).<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref48" rid="niceng155er11.ref48"><sup>48</sup></a></p>
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<p><b>Inclusion and exclusion criteria</b>
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>If a study is rated as both ‘Directly applicable’ and with ‘Minor limitations’ then it will be included in the guideline. A health economic evidence table will be completed and it will be included in the health economic evidence profile.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>If a study is rated as either ‘Not applicable’ or with ‘Very serious limitations’ then it will usually be excluded from the guideline. If it is excluded then a health economic evidence table will not be completed and it will not be included in the health economic evidence profile.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>If a study is rated as ‘Partially applicable’, with ‘Potentially serious limitations’ or both then there is discretion over whether it should be included.</div></li></ul>
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<b>Where there is discretion</b></p>
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<p>The health economist will make a decision based on the relative applicability and quality of the available evidence for that question, in discussion with the guideline committee if required. The ultimate aim is to include health economic studies that are helpful for decision-making in the context of the guideline and the current NHS setting. If several studies are considered of sufficiently high applicability and methodological quality that they could all be included, then the health economist, in discussion with the committee if required, may decide to include only the most applicable studies and to selectively exclude the remaining studies. All studies excluded on the basis of applicability or methodological limitations will be listed with explanation in the excluded health economic studies appendix below.</p>
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<p>The health economist will be guided by the following hierarchies.</p>
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<p><i>Setting:</i>
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>UK NHS (most applicable).</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>OECD countries with predominantly public health insurance systems (for example, France, Germany, Sweden).</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>OECD countries with predominantly private health insurance systems (for example, Switzerland).</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Studies set in non-OECD countries or in the USA will be excluded before being assessed for applicability and methodological limitations.</div></li></ul>
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<i>Health economic study type:</i>
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Cost–utility analysis (most applicable).</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Other type of full economic evaluation (cost–benefit analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, cost–consequences analysis).</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Comparative cost analysis.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Non-comparative cost analyses including cost-of-illness studies will be excluded before being assessed for applicability and methodological limitations.</div></li></ul>
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<i>Year of analysis:</i>
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>The more recent the study, the more applicable it will be.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Studies published in 2003 or later but that depend on unit costs and resource data entirely or predominantly from before 2003 will be rated as ‘Not applicable’.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Studies published before 2003 will be excluded before being assessed for applicability and methodological limitations.</div></li></ul>
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<i>Quality and relevance of effectiveness data used in the health economic analysis:</i>
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>The more closely the clinical effectiveness data used in the health economic analysis match with the outcomes of the studies included in the clinical review the more useful the analysis will be for decision-making in the guideline.</div></li></ul></p>
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</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appbtab1"><div id="niceng155er11.appb.tab1" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 37</span><span class="title">Database date parameters and filters used</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appb.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appb.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Database</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Dates searched</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Search filter used</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Medline (OVID)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1946 – 02 April 2019</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Exclusions</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Embase (OVID)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1974 – 02 April 2019</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Exclusions</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">The Cochrane Library (Wiley)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Cochrane Reviews to 2019 Issue 4 of 12</p>
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<p>CENTRAL to 2019 Issue 4 of 12</p>
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<p>DARE, and NHSEED to 2015 Issue 2 of 4</p>
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<p>HTA to 2016 Issue 4 of 4</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">None</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">CINAHL, Current Nursing and Allied Health Literature (EBSCO)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inception – 02 April 2019</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Exclusions</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PsycINFO (ProQuest)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Inception – 02 April 2019</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Exclusions</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appbtab2"><div id="niceng155er11.appb.tab2" class="table"><h3><span class="title">Medline (Ovid) search terms</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appb.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appb.tab2_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">tinnit*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 or 2</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">4.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">letter/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">5.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">editorial/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">6.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">news/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">7.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp historical article/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">8.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anecdotes as Topic/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">9.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">comment/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">10.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">case report/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">11.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(letter or comment*).ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">12.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/4-11</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">13.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomized controlled trial/ or random*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">14.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">12 not 13</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">15.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">animals/ not humans/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">16.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Animals, Laboratory/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">17.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Animal Experimentation/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">18.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Models, Animal/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">19.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Rodentia/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">20.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(rat or rats or mouse or mice).ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">21.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/14-20</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">22.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3 not 21</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">23.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">limit 22 to English language</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appbtab3"><div id="niceng155er11.appb.tab3" class="table"><h3><span class="title">Embase (Ovid) search terms</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appb.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appb.tab3_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">tinnitus/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">tinnit*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 or 2</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">4.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">letter.pt. or letter/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">5.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">note.pt.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">6.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">editorial.pt.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">7.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Case report/ or Case study/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">8.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(letter or comment*).ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">9.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/4-8</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">10.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomized controlled trial/ or random*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">11.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">9 not 10</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">12.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">animal/ not human/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">13.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Nonhuman/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">14.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Animal Experiment/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">15.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Experimental animal/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">16.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Animal model/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">17.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Rodent/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">18.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(rat or rats or mouse or mice).ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">19.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/11-18</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">20.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3 not 19</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">21.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">limit 20 to English language</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appbtab4"><div id="niceng155er11.appb.tab4" class="table"><h3><span class="title">Cochrane Library (Wiley) search terms</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appb.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appb.tab4_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#1.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH descriptor: [Tinnitus] explode all trees</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#2.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">tinnit*:ti,ab</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#3.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#1 or #2</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appbtab5"><div id="niceng155er11.appb.tab5" class="table"><h3><span class="title">CINAHL (EBSCO) search terms</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appb.tab5/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appb.tab5_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S1.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(MH “Tinnitus”)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S2.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(MH “Tinnitus Retraining Therapy”)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S3.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">tinnit*</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S4.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S1 OR S2 OR S3</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S5.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PT anecdote or PT audiovisual or PT bibliography or PT biography or PT book or PT book review or PT brief item or PT cartoon or PT commentary or PT computer program or PT editorial or PT games or PT glossary or PT historical material or PT interview or PT letter or PT listservs or PT masters thesis or PT obituary or PT pamphlet or PT pamphlet chapter or PT pictorial or PT poetry or PT proceedings or PT “questions and answers” or PT response or PT software or PT teaching materials or PT website</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S6.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">S4 NOT S5</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appbtab6"><div id="niceng155er11.appb.tab6" class="table"><h3><span class="title">PsycINFO (ProQuest) search terms</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appb.tab6/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appb.tab6_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<a href="https://search.proquest.com/recentsearches.recentsearchtabview.recentsearchesgridview.scrolledrecentsearchlist.checkdbssearchlink:rerunsearch/5069B11AF0304632PQ/None?site=psycinfo&t:ac=RecentSearches" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">((MAINSUBJECT.EXACT.EXPLODE(“Tinnitus”) OR tinnit*) NOT (su.exact.explode(“rodents”) OR su.exact.explode(“mice”) OR (su.exact(“animals”) NOT (su.exact(“human males”) OR su.exact(“human females”))) OR ti(rat OR rats OR mouse OR mice))) AND la.exact(“ENG”)Limits applied</a>
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</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appbtab7"><div id="niceng155er11.appb.tab7" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 38</span><span class="title">Database date parameters and filters used</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appb.tab7/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appb.tab7_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Database</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab7_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Dates searched</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Search filter used</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Medline</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab7_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2002 – 02 March 2019</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Exclusions</p>
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<p>Health economics studies</p>
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<p>Quality of life studies</p>
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</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Embase</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab7_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2002 – 02 March 2019</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>Exclusions</p>
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<p>Health economics studies</p>
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<p>Quality of life studies</p>
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</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Centre for Research and Dissemination (CRD)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab7_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>HTA - Inception – 31 Mar 2018</p>
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<p>NHSEED - Inception to March 2015</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appb.tab7_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">None</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appbtab8"><div id="niceng155er11.appb.tab8" class="table"><h3><span class="title">Medline (Ovid) search terms</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appb.tab8/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appb.tab8_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">tinnit*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 or 2</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">4.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">letter/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">5.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">editorial/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">6.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">news/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">7.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp historical article/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">8.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anecdotes as Topic/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">9.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">comment/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">10.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">case report/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">11.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(letter or comment*).ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">12.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/4-11</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">13.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomized controlled trial/ or random*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">14.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">12 not 13</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">15.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">animals/ not humans/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">16.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Animals, Laboratory/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">17.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Animal Experimentation/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">18.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Models, Animal/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">19.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Rodentia/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">20.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(rat or rats or mouse or mice).ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">21.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/14-20</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">22.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3 not 21</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">23.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">limit 22 to English language</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">24.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Economics/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">25.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Value of life/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">26.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp “Costs and Cost Analysis”/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">27.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Economics, Hospital/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">28.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Economics, Medical/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">29.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Economics, Nursing/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">30.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Economics, Pharmaceutical/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">31.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp “Fees and Charges”/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">32.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Budgets/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">33.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">budget*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">34.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">cost*.ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">35.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(economic* or pharmaco?economic*).ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">36.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(price* or pricing*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">37.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(cost* adj2 (effective* or utilit* or benefit* or minimi* or unit* or estimat* or variable*)).ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">38.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(financ* or fee or fees).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">39.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(value adj2 (money or monetary)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">40.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/24-39</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">41.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">quality-adjusted life years/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">42.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">sickness impact profile/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">43.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(quality adj2 (wellbeing or well being)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">44.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">sickness impact profile.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">45.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">disability adjusted life.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">46.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(qal* or qtime* or qwb* or daly*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">47.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(euroqol* or eq5d* or eq 5*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">48.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(qol* or hql* or hqol* or h qol* or hrqol* or hr qol*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">49.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(health utility* or utility score* or disutilit* or utility value*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">50.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(hui or hui1 or hui2 or hui3).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">51.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(health* year* equivalent* or hye or hyes).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">52.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">discrete choice*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">53.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">rosser.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">54.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(willingness to pay or time tradeoff or time trade off or tto or standard gamble*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">55.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf36* or sf 36* or short form 36* or shortform 36* or shortform36*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">56.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf20 or sf 20 or short form 20 or shortform 20 or shortform20).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">57.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf12* or sf 12* or short form 12* or shortform 12* or shortform12*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">58.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf8* or sf 8* or short form 8* or shortform 8* or shortform8*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">59.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf6* or sf 6* or short form 6* or shortform 6* or shortform6*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">60.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/41-59</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">61.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">23 and (40 or 60)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appbtab9"><div id="niceng155er11.appb.tab9" class="table"><h3><span class="title">Embase (Ovid) search terms</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appb.tab9/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appb.tab9_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">tinnitus/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">tinnit*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1 or 2</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">4.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">letter.pt. or letter/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">5.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">note.pt.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">6.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">editorial.pt.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">7.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Case report/ or Case study/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">8.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(letter or comment*).ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">9.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/4-8</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">10.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomized controlled trial/ or random*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">11.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">9 not 10</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">12.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">animal/ not human/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">13.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Nonhuman/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">14.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Animal Experiment/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">15.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Experimental animal/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">16.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Animal model/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">17.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp Rodent/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">18.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(rat or rats or mouse or mice).ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">19.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/11-18</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">20.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3 not 19</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">21.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">health economics/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">22.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp economic evaluation/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">23.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp health care cost/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">24.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">exp fee/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">25.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">budget/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">26.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">funding/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">27.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">budget*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">28.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">cost*.ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">29.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(economic* or pharmaco?economic*).ti.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">30.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(price* or pricing*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">31.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(cost* adj2 (effective* or utilit* or benefit* or minimi* or unit* or estimat* or variable*)).ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">32.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(financ* or fee or fees).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">33.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(value adj2 (money or monetary)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">34.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/21-33</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">35.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">quality adjusted life year/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">36.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">"quality of life index"/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">37.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">short form 12/ or short form 20/ or short form 36/ or short form 8/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">38.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">sickness impact profile/</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">39.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(quality adj2 (wellbeing or well being)).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">40.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">sickness impact profile.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">41.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">disability adjusted life.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">42.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(qal* or qtime* or qwb* or daly*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">43.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(euroqol* or eq5d* or eq 5*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">44.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(qol* or hql* or hqol* or h qol* or hrqol* or hr qol*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">45.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(health utility* or utility score* or disutilit* or utility value*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">46.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(hui or hui1 or hui2 or hui3).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">47.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(health* year* equivalent* or hye or hyes).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">48.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">discrete choice*.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">49.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">rosser.ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">50.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(willingness to pay or time tradeoff or time trade off or tto or standard gamble*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">51.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf36* or sf 36* or short form 36* or shortform 36* or shortform36*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">52.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf20 or sf 20 or short form 20 or shortform 20 or shortform20).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">53.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf12* or sf 12* or short form 12* or shortform 12* or shortform12*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">54.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf8* or sf 8* or short form 8* or shortform 8* or shortform8*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">55.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(sf6* or sf 6* or short form 6* or shortform 6* or shortform6*).ti,ab.</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">56.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">or/35-55</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">57.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">20 and (34 or 56)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">58.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">limit 57 to English language</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appbtab10"><div id="niceng155er11.appb.tab10" class="table"><h3><span class="title">NHS EED and HTA (CRD) search terms</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appb.tab10/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appb.tab10_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#1.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">MeSH DESCRIPTOR Tinnitus EXPLODE ALL TREES</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#2.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">(tinnit*)</td></tr><tr><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#3.</td><td rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">#1 OR #2</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appcfig1"><div id="niceng155er11.appc.fig1" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%202.%20Flow%20chart%20of%20clinical%20study%20selection%20for%20the%20review%20of%20psychological%20therapies.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appcf1.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appcf1.jpg" alt="Figure 2. Flow chart of clinical study selection for the review of psychological therapies." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 2</span><span class="title">Flow chart of clinical study selection for the review of psychological therapies</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig1"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig1" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%203.%20Tinnitus%20severity%20(post-treatment)%3B%20GSI%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef1.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef1.jpg" alt="Figure 3. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); GSI, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 3</span><span class="title">Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); GSI, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig2"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig2" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%204.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(post-treatment)%3B%20TQ%2FTRQ.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef2.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef2.jpg" alt="Figure 4. Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TQ/TRQ." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 4</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TQ/TRQ</span></h3><div class="caption"><p>Scales: Henry 1996 (TRQ) – 0-104; Kroner-Herwig 2003 (TQ) – 0-84</p></div></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig3"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig3" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%205.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(3%20months)%3B%20TRQ%2C%20scale%200-104.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef3.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef3.jpg" alt="Figure 5. Tinnitus distress (3 months); TRQ, scale 0-104." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 5</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (3 months); TRQ, scale 0-104</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig4"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig4" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%206.%20Tinnitus%20QoL%20(post-treatment)%3B%20THQ%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef4.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef4.jpg" alt="Figure 6. Tinnitus QoL (post-treatment); THQ, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 6</span><span class="title">Tinnitus QoL (post-treatment); THQ, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig5"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig5" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%207.%20Tinnitus%20annoyance%20(post-treatment)%3B%20VAS.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef5.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef5.jpg" alt="Figure 7. Tinnitus annoyance (post-treatment); VAS." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 7</span><span class="title">Tinnitus annoyance (post-treatment); VAS</span></h3><div class="caption"><p>Scales: Henry 1996 – 0-4; Kroner-Herwig 1995 – 0-10</p></div></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig6"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig6" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%208.%20Tinnitus%20loudness%20(post-treatment)%3B%20VAS.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef6.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef6.jpg" alt="Figure 8. Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); VAS." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 8</span><span class="title">Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); VAS</span></h3><div class="caption"><p>Scales: Henry 1996 – 0-4 (unclear); Kroner-Herwig 1995 – 0-10; Kroner-Herwig 2003 – 1-7</p></div></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig7"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig7" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%209.%20Depression%20(post-treatment)%3BBDI%2FADS.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef7.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef7.jpg" alt="Figure 9. Depression (post-treatment);BDI/ADS." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 9</span><span class="title">Depression (post-treatment);BDI/ADS</span></h3><div class="caption"><p>Scales: Henry 1996 (BDI) – 0-63; Kroner-Herwig 2003 (ADS) – 0-60</p></div></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig8"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig8" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2010.%20Depression%20(3%20months)%3B%20HADS%2C%20scale%200-21.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef8.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef8.jpg" alt="Figure 10. Depression (3 months); HADS, scale 0-21." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 10</span><span class="title">Depression (3 months); HADS, scale 0-21</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig9"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig9" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2011.%20Anxiety%20(3%20months)%3B%20ASI%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef9.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef9.jpg" alt="Figure 11. Anxiety (3 months); ASI, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 11</span><span class="title">Anxiety (3 months); ASI, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig10"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig10" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2012.%20Anxiety%20(HADS)%20(3%20months)%3B%20HADS%2C%20scale%200-21.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef10.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef10.jpg" alt="Figure 12. Anxiety (HADS) (3 months); HADS, scale 0-21." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 12</span><span class="title">Anxiety (HADS) (3 months); HADS, scale 0-21</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig11"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig11" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2013.%20Sleep%20disturbance%20(post-treatment)%3B%20VAS%2C%20scale%200-10.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef11.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef11.jpg" alt="Figure 13. Sleep disturbance (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-10." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 13</span><span class="title">Sleep disturbance (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-10</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig12"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig12" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2014.%20Tinnitus%20severity%20(post-treatment)%3B%20THI%2C%20scale%200-100.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef12.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef12.jpg" alt="Figure 14. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); THI, scale 0-100." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 14</span><span class="title">Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); THI, scale 0-100</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig13"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig13" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2015.%20Depression%20(post-treatment)%3B%20SCL-90%20depression%2C%20subscale%201-5.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef13.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef13.jpg" alt="Figure 15. Depression (post-treatment); SCL-90 depression, subscale 1-5." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 15</span><span class="title">Depression (post-treatment); SCL-90 depression, subscale 1-5</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig14"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig14" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2016.%20Anxiety%20(post-treatment)%3B%20SCL-90%20anxiety%2C%20subscale%201-5.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef14.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef14.jpg" alt="Figure 16. Anxiety (post-treatment); SCL-90 anxiety, subscale 1-5." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 16</span><span class="title">Anxiety (post-treatment); SCL-90 anxiety, subscale 1-5</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig15"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig15" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2017.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(post-treatment)%3B%20TQ%2C%20scale%200-84.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef15.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef15.jpg" alt="Figure 17. Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TQ, scale 0-84." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 17</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TQ, scale 0-84</span></h3><div class="caption"><p>Scale</p></div></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig16"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig16" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2018.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(9%20months)%3B%20TQ%2C%20scale%200-84.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef16.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef16.jpg" alt="Figure 18. Tinnitus distress (9 months); TQ, scale 0-84." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 18</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (9 months); TQ, scale 0-84</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig17"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig17" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2019.%20Depression%20(post-treatment)%3B%20PHQ-D%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef17.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef17.jpg" alt="Figure 19. Depression (post-treatment); PHQ-D, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 19</span><span class="title">Depression (post-treatment); PHQ-D, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig18"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig18" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2020.%20Depression%20(9%20months)%3B%20PHQ-D%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef18.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef18.jpg" alt="Figure 20. Depression (9 months); PHQ-D, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 20</span><span class="title">Depression (9 months); PHQ-D, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig19"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig19" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2021.%20Tinnitus%20severity%20(Global%20Severity%20Index)%20(post-treatment).&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef19.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef19.jpg" alt="Figure 21. Tinnitus severity (Global Severity Index) (post-treatment)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 21</span><span class="title">Tinnitus severity (Global Severity Index) (post-treatment)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig20"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig20" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2022.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(post-treatment)%3B%20TRQ%2FTQ.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef20.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef20.jpg" alt="Figure 22. Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TRQ/TQ." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 22</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TRQ/TQ</span></h3><div class="caption"><p>Scales: Henry 1996 (TRQ) – 0-104; Kroner-Herwig 2003 and Zachriat 2004 (TQ) – 0-84</p></div></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig21"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig21" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2023.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(12%20months)%3B%20TRQ%2C%20scale%200-104.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef21.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef21.jpg" alt="Figure 23. Tinnitus distress (12 months); TRQ, scale 0-104." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 23</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (12 months); TRQ, scale 0-104</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig22"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig22" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2024.%20Tinnitus%20QoL%20(post-treatment)%3B%20THQ%2C%20scale%20unclear.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef22.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef22.jpg" alt="Figure 24. Tinnitus QoL (post-treatment); THQ, scale unclear." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 24</span><span class="title">Tinnitus QoL (post-treatment); THQ, scale unclear</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig23"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig23" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2025.%20Tinnitus%20QoL%20(12%20months)%3B%20THQ%2C%20scale%20unclear.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef23.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef23.jpg" alt="Figure 25. Tinnitus QoL (12 months); THQ, scale unclear." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 25</span><span class="title">Tinnitus QoL (12 months); THQ, scale unclear</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig24"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig24" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2026.%20Tinnitus%20loudness%20(post-treatment).&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef24.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef24.jpg" alt="Figure 26. Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 26</span><span class="title">Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment)</span></h3><div class="caption"><p>Scales: Henry 1996 (VAS) – 0-4; Zachriat 2004 (subjective change) – 1-7</p></div></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig25"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig25" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2027.%20Tinnitus%20loudness%20(diary)%20(post-treatment).&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef25.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef25.jpg" alt="Figure 27. Tinnitus loudness (diary) (post-treatment)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 27</span><span class="title">Tinnitus loudness (diary) (post-treatment)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig26"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig26" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2028.%20Tinnitus%20annoyance%20(post-treatment)%3B%20VAS%2C%20scale%200-4%20(unclear).&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef26.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef26.jpg" alt="Figure 28. Tinnitus annoyance (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-4 (unclear)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 28</span><span class="title">Tinnitus annoyance (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-4 (unclear)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig27"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig27" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2029.%20Tinnitus%20annoyance%20(12%20months)%3B%20VAS%2C%20scale%200-4%20(unclear).&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef27.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef27.jpg" alt="Figure 29. Tinnitus annoyance (12 months); VAS, scale 0-4 (unclear)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 29</span><span class="title">Tinnitus annoyance (12 months); VAS, scale 0-4 (unclear)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig28"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig28" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2030.%20Depression%20(post-treatment)%3B%20BDI%2C%20scale%200-63.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef28.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef28.jpg" alt="Figure 30. Depression (post-treatment); BDI, scale 0-63." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 30</span><span class="title">Depression (post-treatment); BDI, scale 0-63</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig29"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig29" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2031.%20Depression%20(12%20months)%3B%20BDI%2FADS.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef29.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef29.jpg" alt="Figure 31. Depression (12 months); BDI/ADS." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 31</span><span class="title">Depression (12 months); BDI/ADS</span></h3><div class="caption"><p>Scales: Henry 1996 (BDI) – 0-63; Kroner-Herwig 2003 (ADS) – 0-60</p></div></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig30"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig30" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2032.%20Tinnitus%20severity%20(post-treatment)%3B%20Global%20Severity%20Index%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef30.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef30.jpg" alt="Figure 32. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); Global Severity Index, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 32</span><span class="title">Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); Global Severity Index, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig31"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig31" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2033.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(post-treatment)%3B%20TQ%2C%20scale%200-84.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef31.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef31.jpg" alt="Figure 33. Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TQ, scale 0-84." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 33</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TQ, scale 0-84</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig32"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig32" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2034.%20Tinnitus%20loudness%20(post-treatment)%3B%20diary%2C%20scale%201-7.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef32.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef32.jpg" alt="Figure 34. Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); diary, scale 1-7." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 34</span><span class="title">Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); diary, scale 1-7</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig33"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig33" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2035.%20Depression%20(post-treatment)%3B%20ADS%2C%20scale%200-60.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef33.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef33.jpg" alt="Figure 35. Depression (post-treatment); ADS, scale 0-60." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 35</span><span class="title">Depression (post-treatment); ADS, scale 0-60</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig34"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig34" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2036.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(post-treatment)%3B%20TEQ%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef34.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef34.jpg" alt="Figure 36. Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TEQ, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 36</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TEQ, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig35"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig35" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2037.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(4%20months)%3B%20TEQ%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef35.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef35.jpg" alt="Figure 37. Tinnitus distress (4 months); TEQ, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 37</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (4 months); TEQ, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig36"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig36" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2038.%20Tinnitus%20loudness%20(post-treatment)%3B%20tinnitus%20loudness%20rating%2C%20scale%201-5.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef36.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef36.jpg" alt="Figure 38. Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); tinnitus loudness rating, scale 1-5." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 38</span><span class="title">Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); tinnitus loudness rating, scale 1-5</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig37"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig37" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2039.%20Tinnitus%20loudness%20(4%20months)%3B%20tinnitus%20loudness%20rating%2C%20scale%201-5.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef37.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef37.jpg" alt="Figure 39. Tinnitus loudness (4 months); tinnitus loudness rating, scale 1-5." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 39</span><span class="title">Tinnitus loudness (4 months); tinnitus loudness rating, scale 1-5</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig38"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig38" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2040.%20Tinnitus%20annoyance%20(post-treatment)%3B%20annoyance%20rating%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef38.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef38.jpg" alt="Figure 40. Tinnitus annoyance (post-treatment); annoyance rating, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 40</span><span class="title">Tinnitus annoyance (post-treatment); annoyance rating, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig39"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig39" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2041.%20Tinnitus%20annoyance%20(4%20months)%3B%20annoyance%20rating%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef39.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef39.jpg" alt="Figure 41. Tinnitus annoyance (4 months); annoyance rating, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 41</span><span class="title">Tinnitus annoyance (4 months); annoyance rating, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig40"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig40" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2042.%20Depression%20(1%20month)%3B%20BDI%2C%200-63.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef40.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef40.jpg" alt="Figure 42. Depression (1 month); BDI, 0-63." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 42</span><span class="title">Depression (1 month); BDI, 0-63</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig41"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig41" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2043.%20Anxiety%20(1%20month)%3B%20STAI-state%2C%20scale%2020-80.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef41.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef41.jpg" alt="Figure 43. Anxiety (1 month); STAI-state, scale 20-80." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 43</span><span class="title">Anxiety (1 month); STAI-state, scale 20-80</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig42"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig42" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2044.%20Anxiety%20(1%20month)%3B%20STAI-trait%2C%20scale%2020-80.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef42.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef42.jpg" alt="Figure 44. Anxiety (1 month); STAI-trait, scale 20-80." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 44</span><span class="title">Anxiety (1 month); STAI-trait, scale 20-80</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig43"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig43" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2045.%20Insomnia%20(post-treatment)%3B%20TEQ%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef43.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef43.jpg" alt="Figure 45. Insomnia (post-treatment); TEQ, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 45</span><span class="title">Insomnia (post-treatment); TEQ, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig44"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig44" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2046.%20Insomnia%20(4%20months)%3B%20TEQ%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef44.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef44.jpg" alt="Figure 46. Insomnia (4 months); TEQ, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 46</span><span class="title">Insomnia (4 months); TEQ, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig45"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig45" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2047.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(post-treatment)%3BTEQ%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef45.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef45.jpg" alt="Figure 47. Tinnitus distress (post-treatment);TEQ, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 47</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (post-treatment);TEQ, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig46"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig46" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2048.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(4%20months)%3BTEQ%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef46.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef46.jpg" alt="Figure 48. Tinnitus distress (4 months);TEQ, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 48</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (4 months);TEQ, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig47"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig47" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2049.%20Tinnitus%20loudness%20(post-treatment)%3B%20tinnitus%20loudness%20rating%2C%20scale%201-5.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef47.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef47.jpg" alt="Figure 49. Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); tinnitus loudness rating, scale 1-5." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 49</span><span class="title">Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); tinnitus loudness rating, scale 1-5</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig48"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig48" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2050.%20Tinnitus%20loudness%20(4%20months)%3B%20tinnitus%20loudness%20rating%2C%20scale%201-5.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef48.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef48.jpg" alt="Figure 50. Tinnitus loudness (4 months); tinnitus loudness rating, scale 1-5." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 50</span><span class="title">Tinnitus loudness (4 months); tinnitus loudness rating, scale 1-5</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig49"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig49" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2051.%20Tinnitus%20annoyance%20(post-treatment)%3B%20annoyance%20rating%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef49.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef49.jpg" alt="Figure 51. Tinnitus annoyance (post-treatment); annoyance rating, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 51</span><span class="title">Tinnitus annoyance (post-treatment); annoyance rating, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig50"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig50" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2052.%20Tinnitus%20annoyance%20(4%20months)%3B%20annoyance%20rating%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef50.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef50.jpg" alt="Figure 52. Tinnitus annoyance (4 months); annoyance rating, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 52</span><span class="title">Tinnitus annoyance (4 months); annoyance rating, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig51"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig51" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2053.%20Depression%20(1%20month)%3B%20BDI%2C%200-63.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef51.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef51.jpg" alt="Figure 53. Depression (1 month); BDI, 0-63." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 53</span><span class="title">Depression (1 month); BDI, 0-63</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig52"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig52" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2054.%20Anxiety%20(1%20month)%3B%20STAI-state%2C%20scale%2020-80.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef52.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef52.jpg" alt="Figure 54. Anxiety (1 month); STAI-state, scale 20-80." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 54</span><span class="title">Anxiety (1 month); STAI-state, scale 20-80</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig53"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig53" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2055.%20Anxiety%20(1%20month)%3B%20STAI-trait%2C%20scale%2020-80.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef53.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef53.jpg" alt="Figure 55. Anxiety (1 month); STAI-trait, scale 20-80." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 55</span><span class="title">Anxiety (1 month); STAI-trait, scale 20-80</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig54"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig54" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2056.%20Insomnia%20(post-treatment)%3BTEQ%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef54.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef54.jpg" alt="Figure 56. Insomnia (post-treatment);TEQ, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 56</span><span class="title">Insomnia (post-treatment);TEQ, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig55"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig55" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2057.%20Insomnia%20(4%20months)%3BTEQ%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef55.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef55.jpg" alt="Figure 57. Insomnia (4 months);TEQ, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 57</span><span class="title">Insomnia (4 months);TEQ, scale not reported</span></h3><div class="caption"><p>Source: <Insert Source text here></p></div></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig56"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig56" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2058.%20Tinnitus%20severity%20(post-treatment)%20(step%201)%3B%20TQ%2C%20scale%200-84.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef56.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef56.jpg" alt="Figure 58. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment) (step 1); TQ, scale 0-84." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 58</span><span class="title">Tinnitus severity (post-treatment) (step 1); TQ, scale 0-84</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig57"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig57" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2059.%20Tinnitus%20severity%20(12%20months)%20(step%202)%3B%20TQ%2C%20scale%200-84.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef57.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef57.jpg" alt="Figure 59. Tinnitus severity (12 months) (step 2); TQ, scale 0-84." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 59</span><span class="title">Tinnitus severity (12 months) (step 2); TQ, scale 0-84</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig58"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig58" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2060.%20Quality%20of%20life%20(post-treatment)%20(step%201)%3B%20HUI%2C%20scale%20-0.36-1.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef58.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef58.jpg" alt="Figure 60. Quality of life (post-treatment) (step 1); HUI, scale -0.36-1." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 60</span><span class="title">Quality of life (post-treatment) (step 1); HUI, scale -0.36-1</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig59"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig59" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2061.%20Quality%20of%20life%20(12%20months)%20(step%202)%3B%20HUI%2C%20scale%20-0.36-1.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef59.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef59.jpg" alt="Figure 61. Quality of life (12 months) (step 2); HUI, scale -0.36-1." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 61</span><span class="title">Quality of life (12 months) (step 2); HUI, scale -0.36-1</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig60"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig60" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2062.%20Tinnitus-related%20quality%20of%20life%20(post-treatment)%20(step%201)%3B%20THI%2C%20scale%200-100.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef60.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef60.jpg" alt="Figure 62. Tinnitus-related quality of life (post-treatment) (step 1); THI, scale 0-100." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 62</span><span class="title">Tinnitus-related quality of life (post-treatment) (step 1); THI, scale 0-100</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig61"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig61" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2063.%20Tinnitus-related%20quality%20of%20life%20(12%20months)%20(step%202)%3B%20THI%2C%20scale%200-100.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef61.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef61.jpg" alt="Figure 63. Tinnitus-related quality of life (12 months) (step 2); THI, scale 0-100." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 63</span><span class="title">Tinnitus-related quality of life (12 months) (step 2); THI, scale 0-100</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig62"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig62" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2064.%20Depression%20and%20anxiety%20(post-treatment)%20(step%201)%3B%20HADS%2C%20scale%200-42.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef62.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef62.jpg" alt="Figure 64. Depression and anxiety (post-treatment) (step 1); HADS, scale 0-42." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 64</span><span class="title">Depression and anxiety (post-treatment) (step 1); HADS, scale 0-42</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig63"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig63" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2065.%20Depression%20and%20anxiety%20(12%20months)%20(step%202)%3B%20HADS%2C%20scale%200-42.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef63.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef63.jpg" alt="Figure 65. Depression and anxiety (12 months) (step 2); HADS, scale 0-42." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 65</span><span class="title">Depression and anxiety (12 months) (step 2); HADS, scale 0-42</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig64"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig64" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2066.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(3%20months)%3B%20TRQ%2C%20scale%200-104.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef64.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef64.jpg" alt="Figure 66. Tinnitus distress (3 months); TRQ, scale 0-104." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 66</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (3 months); TRQ, scale 0-104</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig65"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig65" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2067.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(post-treatment)%3B%20TQ%2C%20scale%200-84.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef65.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef65.jpg" alt="Figure 67. Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TQ, scale 0-84." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 67</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TQ, scale 0-84</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig66"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig66" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2068.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(9%20months)%3B%20TQ%2C%20scale%200-84.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef66.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef66.jpg" alt="Figure 68. Tinnitus distress (9 months); TQ, scale 0-84." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 68</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (9 months); TQ, scale 0-84</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig67"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig67" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2069.%20Depression%20(post-treatment)%3B%20PHQ-D%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef67.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef67.jpg" alt="Figure 69. Depression (post-treatment); PHQ-D, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 69</span><span class="title">Depression (post-treatment); PHQ-D, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig68"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig68" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2070.%20Depression%20(9%20months)%3B%20PHQ-D%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef68.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef68.jpg" alt="Figure 70. Depression (9 months); PHQ-D, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 70</span><span class="title">Depression (9 months); PHQ-D, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig69"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig69" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2071.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(post-treatment)%3B%20Mini-TQ%2C%20scale%200-24.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef69.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef69.jpg" alt="Figure 71. Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); Mini-TQ, scale 0-24." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 71</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); Mini-TQ, scale 0-24</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig70"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig70" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2072.%20Tinnitus%20severity%20(post-treatment)%3B%20THI%2C%20scale%200-100.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef70.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef70.jpg" alt="Figure 72. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); THI, scale 0-100." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 72</span><span class="title">Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); THI, scale 0-100</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig71"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig71" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2073.%20Depression%20(post-treatment)%3B%20HADS%2C%20scale%200-21.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef71.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef71.jpg" alt="Figure 73. Depression (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 73</span><span class="title">Depression (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig72"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig72" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2074.%20Anxiety%20(post-treatment)%3B%20HADS%2C%20scale%200-21.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef72.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef72.jpg" alt="Figure 74. Anxiety (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 74</span><span class="title">Anxiety (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig73"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig73" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2075.%20Sleep%20(post-treatment)%3B%20ISI%2C%20scale%200-28.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef73.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef73.jpg" alt="Figure 75. Sleep (post-treatment); ISI, scale 0-28." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 75</span><span class="title">Sleep (post-treatment); ISI, scale 0-28</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig74"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig74" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2076.%20Tinnitus%20annoyance%20(post-treatment)%3B%20VAS%2C%20scale%200-10.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef74.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef74.jpg" alt="Figure 76. Tinnitus annoyance (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-10." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 76</span><span class="title">Tinnitus annoyance (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-10</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig75"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig75" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2077.%20Tinnitus%20loudness%20(post-treatment)%3B%20VAS%2C%20scale%200-10.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef75.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef75.jpg" alt="Figure 77. Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-10." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 77</span><span class="title">Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-10</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig76"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig76" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2078.%20Depression%20(post-treatment)%3B%20HADS%2C%20scale%200-21.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef76.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef76.jpg" alt="Figure 78. Depression (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 78</span><span class="title">Depression (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig77"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig77" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2079.%20Depression%20(1%20year)%3B%20HADS%2C%20scale%200-21.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef77.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef77.jpg" alt="Figure 79. Depression (1 year); HADS, scale 0-21." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 79</span><span class="title">Depression (1 year); HADS, scale 0-21</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig78"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig78" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2080.%20Anxiety%20(post-treatment)%3B%20HADS%2C%20scale%200-21.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef78.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef78.jpg" alt="Figure 80. Anxiety (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 80</span><span class="title">Anxiety (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig79"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig79" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2081.%20Anxiety%20(1%20year)%3B%20HADS%2C%20scale%200-21.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef79.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef79.jpg" alt="Figure 81. Anxiety (1 year); HADS, scale 0-21." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 81</span><span class="title">Anxiety (1 year); HADS, scale 0-21</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig80"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig80" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2082.%20Sleep%20(post-treatment)%2C%20VAS%2C%20scale%200-10.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef80.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef80.jpg" alt="Figure 82. Sleep (post-treatment), VAS, scale 0-10." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 82</span><span class="title">Sleep (post-treatment), VAS, scale 0-10</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig81"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig81" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2083.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(post-treatment)%3B%20TQ%2FTRQ%2C%20scale%200-84.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef81.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef81.jpg" alt="Figure 83. Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TQ/TRQ, scale 0-84." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 83</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TQ/TRQ, scale 0-84</span></h3><div class="caption"><p>Scales: Abbott 2009 (TRQ) – 0-104; Nyenhuis 2013 (TQ) – 0-84</p></div></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig82"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig82" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2084.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(9%20months)%3B%20TQ%2C%20scale%200-84.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef82.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef82.jpg" alt="Figure 84. Tinnitus distress (9 months); TQ, scale 0-84." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 84</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (9 months); TQ, scale 0-84</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig83"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig83" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2085.%20Tinnitus%20annoyance%20(post-treatment)%3B%20VAS%2C%20scale%200-10.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef83.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef83.jpg" alt="Figure 85. Tinnitus annoyance (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-10." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 85</span><span class="title">Tinnitus annoyance (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-10</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig84"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig84" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2086.%20Tinnitus%20loudness%20(post-treatment)%3B%20VAS%2C%20scale%200-10.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef84.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef84.jpg" alt="Figure 86. Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-10." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 86</span><span class="title">Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-10</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig85"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig85" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2087.%20Depression%20(post-treatment)%3B%20PHQ-D%2FDASS.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef85.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef85.jpg" alt="Figure 87. Depression (post-treatment); PHQ-D/DASS." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 87</span><span class="title">Depression (post-treatment); PHQ-D/DASS</span></h3><div class="caption"><p>Scales: Abbott 2009 (DASS) – 0-120; Nyenhuis 2013 (PHQ-D), scale not reported</p></div></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig86"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig86" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2088.%20Depression%20(9%20months)%3B%20PHQ-D%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef86.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef86.jpg" alt="Figure 88. Depression (9 months); PHQ-D, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 88</span><span class="title">Depression (9 months); PHQ-D, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig87"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig87" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2089.%20Anxiety%20(post-treatment)%3B%20DASS%2C%20scale%200-120.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef87.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef87.jpg" alt="Figure 89. Anxiety (post-treatment); DASS, scale 0-120." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 89</span><span class="title">Anxiety (post-treatment); DASS, scale 0-120</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig88"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig88" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2090.%20Sleep%20(post-treatment)%3B%20VAS%2C%20scale%200-10.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef88.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef88.jpg" alt="Figure 90. Sleep (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-10." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 90</span><span class="title">Sleep (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-10</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig89"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig89" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2091.%20Tinnitus%20severity%20(post-treatment)%3B%20THI%2C%20scale%200-100.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef89.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef89.jpg" alt="Figure 91. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); THI, scale 0-100." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 91</span><span class="title">Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); THI, scale 0-100</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig90"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig90" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2092.%20Tinnitus%20severity%20(2%20months)%3B%20THI%2C%20scale%200-100.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef90.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef90.jpg" alt="Figure 92. Tinnitus severity (2 months); THI, scale 0-100." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 92</span><span class="title">Tinnitus severity (2 months); THI, scale 0-100</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig91"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig91" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2093.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(post-treatment)%3B%20TFI%2C%20scale%200-100.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef91.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef91.jpg" alt="Figure 93. Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TFI, scale 0-100." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 93</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (post-treatment); TFI, scale 0-100</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig92"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig92" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2094.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(2%20months)%3B%20TFI%2C%20scale%200-100.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef92.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef92.jpg" alt="Figure 94. Tinnitus distress (2 months); TFI, scale 0-100." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 94</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (2 months); TFI, scale 0-100</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig93"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig93" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2095.%20Quality%20of%20life%20(post-treatment)%3B%20SWLS%20(Satisfaction%20With%20Life%20Scales%2C%20scale%205-35.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef93.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef93.jpg" alt="Figure 95. Quality of life (post-treatment); SWLS (Satisfaction With Life Scales, scale 5-35." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 95</span><span class="title">Quality of life (post-treatment); SWLS (Satisfaction With Life Scales, scale 5-35</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig94"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig94" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2096.%20Quality%20of%20life%20(2%20months)%3B%20SWLS%20(Satisfaction%20With%20Life%20Scales%2C%20scale%205-35.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef94.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef94.jpg" alt="Figure 96. Quality of life (2 months); SWLS (Satisfaction With Life Scales, scale 5-35." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 96</span><span class="title">Quality of life (2 months); SWLS (Satisfaction With Life Scales, scale 5-35</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig95"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig95" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2097.%20Depression%20(post-treatment)%3B%20PHQ-9%2C%20scale%200-27.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef95.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef95.jpg" alt="Figure 97. Depression (post-treatment); PHQ-9, scale 0-27." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 97</span><span class="title">Depression (post-treatment); PHQ-9, scale 0-27</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig96"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig96" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2098.%20Depression%20(2%20months)%3B%20PHQ-9%2C%20scale%200-27.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef96.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef96.jpg" alt="Figure 98. Depression (2 months); PHQ-9, scale 0-27." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 98</span><span class="title">Depression (2 months); PHQ-9, scale 0-27</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig97"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig97" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%2099.%20Anxiety%20(post-treatment)%3B%20GAD-7%2C%20scale%200-21.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef97.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef97.jpg" alt="Figure 99. Anxiety (post-treatment); GAD-7, scale 0-21." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 99</span><span class="title">Anxiety (post-treatment); GAD-7, scale 0-21</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig98"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig98" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20100.%20Anxiety%20(2%20months)%3B%20GAD-7%2C%20scale%200-21.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef98.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef98.jpg" alt="Figure 100. Anxiety (2 months); GAD-7, scale 0-21." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 100</span><span class="title">Anxiety (2 months); GAD-7, scale 0-21</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig99"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig99" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20101.%20Sleep%20(post-treatment)%3B%20ISI%2C%20scale%200-28.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef99.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef99.jpg" alt="Figure 101. Sleep (post-treatment); ISI, scale 0-28." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 101</span><span class="title">Sleep (post-treatment); ISI, scale 0-28</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig100"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig100" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20102.%20Sleep%20(2%20months)%3B%20ISI%2C%20scale%200-28.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef100.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef100.jpg" alt="Figure 102. Sleep (2 months); ISI, scale 0-28." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 102</span><span class="title">Sleep (2 months); ISI, scale 0-28</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig101"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig101" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20103.%20Tinnitus%20severity%20and%20distress%20(8-10%20weeks)%3B%20THI%2C%20scale%200-100.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef101.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef101.jpg" alt="Figure 103. Tinnitus severity and distress (8-10 weeks); THI, scale 0-100." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 103</span><span class="title">Tinnitus severity and distress (8-10 weeks); THI, scale 0-100</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig102"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig102" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20104.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(8-10%20weeks)%3B%20Mini-TQ%2C%20scale%200-20.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef102.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef102.jpg" alt="Figure 104. Tinnitus distress (8-10 weeks); Mini-TQ, scale 0-20." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 104</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (8-10 weeks); Mini-TQ, scale 0-20</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig103"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig103" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20105.%20Quality%20of%20life%20(8%20weeks)%3B%20QoLI%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef103.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef103.jpg" alt="Figure 105. Quality of life (8 weeks); QoLI, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 105</span><span class="title">Quality of life (8 weeks); QoLI, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig104"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig104" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20106.%20Depression%20(8-10%20weeks)%3B%20HADS%2C%20scale%200-21.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef104.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef104.jpg" alt="Figure 106. Depression (8-10 weeks); HADS, scale 0-21." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 106</span><span class="title">Depression (8-10 weeks); HADS, scale 0-21</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig105"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig105" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20107.%20Anxiety%20(8-10%20weeks)%3B%20HADS%2C%20scale%200-21.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef105.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef105.jpg" alt="Figure 107. Anxiety (8-10 weeks); HADS, scale 0-21." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 107</span><span class="title">Anxiety (8-10 weeks); HADS, scale 0-21</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig106"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig106" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20108.%20Sleep%20(8-10%20weeks)%2C%20ISI%2C%20scale%200-28.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef106.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef106.jpg" alt="Figure 108. Sleep (8-10 weeks), ISI, scale 0-28." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 108</span><span class="title">Sleep (8-10 weeks), ISI, scale 0-28</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig107"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig107" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20109.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20and%20severity%20(8%20weeks)%3BTHI%2C%20scale%200-100.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef107.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef107.jpg" alt="Figure 109. Tinnitus distress and severity (8 weeks);THI, scale 0-100." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 109</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress and severity (8 weeks);THI, scale 0-100</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig108"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig108" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20110.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20and%20severity%20(12%20months)%3B%20THI%2C%20scale%200-100.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef108.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef108.jpg" alt="Figure 110. Tinnitus distress and severity (12 months); THI, scale 0-100." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 110</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress and severity (12 months); THI, scale 0-100</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig109"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig109" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20111.%20Quality%20of%20life%20(8%20weeks)%3B%20QoLI%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef109.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef109.jpg" alt="Figure 111. Quality of life (8 weeks); QoLI, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 111</span><span class="title">Quality of life (8 weeks); QoLI, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig110"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig110" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20112.%20Quality%20of%20life%20(12%20months)%20QoLI%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef110.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef110.jpg" alt="Figure 112. Quality of life (12 months) QoLI, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 112</span><span class="title">Quality of life (12 months) QoLI, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig111"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig111" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20113.%20Anxiety%20(8%20weeks)%3B%20HADS%2C%20scale%200-21.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef111.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef111.jpg" alt="Figure 113. Anxiety (8 weeks); HADS, scale 0-21." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 113</span><span class="title">Anxiety (8 weeks); HADS, scale 0-21</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig112"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig112" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20114.%20Anxiety%20(12%20months)%3B%20HADS%2C%20scale%200-21.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef112.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef112.jpg" alt="Figure 114. Anxiety (12 months); HADS, scale 0-21." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 114</span><span class="title">Anxiety (12 months); HADS, scale 0-21</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig113"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig113" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20115.%20Depression%20(8%20weeks)%3B%20HADS%2C%20scale%200-21.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef113.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef113.jpg" alt="Figure 115. Depression (8 weeks); HADS, scale 0-21." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 115</span><span class="title">Depression (8 weeks); HADS, scale 0-21</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig114"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig114" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20116.%20Depression%20(12%20months)%3B%20HADS%2C%20scale%200-21.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef114.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef114.jpg" alt="Figure 116. Depression (12 months); HADS, scale 0-21." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 116</span><span class="title">Depression (12 months); HADS, scale 0-21</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig115"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig115" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20117.%20Sleep%20(8%20weeks)%3B%20ISI%2C%20scale%200-28.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef115.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef115.jpg" alt="Figure 117. Sleep (8 weeks); ISI, scale 0-28." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 117</span><span class="title">Sleep (8 weeks); ISI, scale 0-28</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig116"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig116" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20118.%20Sleep%20(12%20months)%3B%20ISI%2C%20scale%200-28.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef116.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef116.jpg" alt="Figure 118. Sleep (12 months); ISI, scale 0-28." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 118</span><span class="title">Sleep (12 months); ISI, scale 0-28</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig117"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig117" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20119.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(8%20weeks)%3B%20Tinnitus%20diary%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef117.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef117.jpg" alt="Figure 119. Tinnitus distress (8 weeks); Tinnitus diary, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 119</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (8 weeks); Tinnitus diary, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig118"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig118" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20120.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(6%20months)%3B%20TQ%2C%20scale%200-84.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef118.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef118.jpg" alt="Figure 120. Tinnitus distress (6 months); TQ, scale 0-84." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 120</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (6 months); TQ, scale 0-84</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig119"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig119" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20121.%20Quality%20of%20life%20(8%20weeks)%3B%20Health%20Life%20Satisfaction%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef119.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef119.jpg" alt="Figure 121. Quality of life (8 weeks); Health Life Satisfaction, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 121</span><span class="title">Quality of life (8 weeks); Health Life Satisfaction, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig120"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig120" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20122.%20Quality%20of%20life%20(6%20months)%3B%20Health%20Life%20Satisfaction%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef120.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef120.jpg" alt="Figure 122. Quality of life (6 months); Health Life Satisfaction, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 122</span><span class="title">Quality of life (6 months); Health Life Satisfaction, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig121"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig121" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20123.%20Tinnitus%20loudness%20(8%20weeks)%3B%20Tinnitus%20diary%2C%20scale%200-10.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef121.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef121.jpg" alt="Figure 123. Tinnitus loudness (8 weeks); Tinnitus diary, scale 0-10." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 123</span><span class="title">Tinnitus loudness (8 weeks); Tinnitus diary, scale 0-10</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig122"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig122" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20124.%20Tinnitus%20loudness%20(6%20months)%3B%20Tinnitus%20diary%2C%20scale%200-10.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef122.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef122.jpg" alt="Figure 124. Tinnitus loudness (6 months); Tinnitus diary, scale 0-10." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 124</span><span class="title">Tinnitus loudness (6 months); Tinnitus diary, scale 0-10</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig123"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig123" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20125.%20Tinnitus%20severity%20(3%20months)%3B%20Global%20Severity%20Index%20of%20SLC-90-R%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef123.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef123.jpg" alt="Figure 125. Tinnitus severity (3 months); Global Severity Index of SLC-90-R, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 125</span><span class="title">Tinnitus severity (3 months); Global Severity Index of SLC-90-R, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig124"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig124" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20126.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(3%20months)%3B%20TQ%2C%20scale%200-84.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef124.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef124.jpg" alt="Figure 126. Tinnitus distress (3 months); TQ, scale 0-84." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 126</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (3 months); TQ, scale 0-84</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig125"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig125" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20127.%20Tinnitus%20distress%20(3%20months)%3B%20Tinnitus%20diary%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef125.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef125.jpg" alt="Figure 127. Tinnitus distress (3 months); Tinnitus diary, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 127</span><span class="title">Tinnitus distress (3 months); Tinnitus diary, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig126"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig126" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20128.%20Tinnitus%20loudness%20(3%20months)%3B%20Tinnitus%20diary%2C%20scale%200-10.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef126.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef126.jpg" alt="Figure 128. Tinnitus loudness (3 months); Tinnitus diary, scale 0-10." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 128</span><span class="title">Tinnitus loudness (3 months); Tinnitus diary, scale 0-10</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig127"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig127" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20129.%20Depression%20(3%20months)%3B%20BDI%2C%20scale%200-63.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef127.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef127.jpg" alt="Figure 129. Depression (3 months); BDI, scale 0-63." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 129</span><span class="title">Depression (3 months); BDI, scale 0-63</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig128"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig128" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20130.%20Sleep%20(3%20months)%3B%20Sleep%20disturbance%20diary%2C%20scale%200-10.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef128.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef128.jpg" alt="Figure 130. Sleep (3 months); Sleep disturbance diary, scale 0-10." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 130</span><span class="title">Sleep (3 months); Sleep disturbance diary, scale 0-10</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig129"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig129" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20131.%20Tinnitus%20loudness%20(direct)%20(post-treatment)%3B%20Diary%2C%20scale%200-10.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef129.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef129.jpg" alt="Figure 131. Tinnitus loudness (direct) (post-treatment); Diary, scale 0-10." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 131</span><span class="title">Tinnitus loudness (direct) (post-treatment); Diary, scale 0-10</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig130"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig130" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20132.%20Tinnitus%20loudness%20(retrospective)%20(post-treatment)%3B%20Diary%2C%20scale%200-10.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef130.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef130.jpg" alt="Figure 132. Tinnitus loudness (retrospective) (post-treatment); Diary, scale 0-10." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 132</span><span class="title">Tinnitus loudness (retrospective) (post-treatment); Diary, scale 0-10</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig131"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig131" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20133.%20Tinnitus%20annoyance%20(retrospective)%20(post-treatment)%3B%20Diary%2C%20scale%200-10%20(unclear).&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef131.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef131.jpg" alt="Figure 133. Tinnitus annoyance (retrospective) (post-treatment); Diary, scale 0-10 (unclear)." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 133</span><span class="title">Tinnitus annoyance (retrospective) (post-treatment); Diary, scale 0-10 (unclear)</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig132"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig132" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20134.%20Depression%20(retrospective)%20(post-treatment)%3B%20Diary%2C%20scale%200-10.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef132.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef132.jpg" alt="Figure 134. Depression (retrospective) (post-treatment); Diary, scale 0-10." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 134</span><span class="title">Depression (retrospective) (post-treatment); Diary, scale 0-10</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig133"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig133" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20135.%20Tinnitus%20severity%20(post-treatment)%3B%20TQ%2C%20scale%200-84.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef133.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef133.jpg" alt="Figure 135. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); TQ, scale 0-84." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 135</span><span class="title">Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); TQ, scale 0-84</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig134"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig134" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20136.%20Tinnitus%20severity%20(6%20months)%3B%20TQ%2C%20scale%200-84.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef134.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef134.jpg" alt="Figure 136. Tinnitus severity (6 months); TQ, scale 0-84." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 136</span><span class="title">Tinnitus severity (6 months); TQ, scale 0-84</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig135"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig135" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20137.%20Tinnitus%20severity%20(post-treatment)%3B%20TFI%2C%20scale%200-100.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef135.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef135.jpg" alt="Figure 137. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); TFI, scale 0-100." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 137</span><span class="title">Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); TFI, scale 0-100</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig136"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig136" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20138.%20Tinnitus%20severity%20(6%20months)%3B%20TFI%2C%20scale%200-100.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef136.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef136.jpg" alt="Figure 138. Tinnitus severity (6 months); TFI, scale 0-100." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 138</span><span class="title">Tinnitus severity (6 months); TFI, scale 0-100</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig137"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig137" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20139.%20Tinnitus%20loudness%20(post-treatment)%3B%20VAS%2C%20scale%200-100.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef137.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef137.jpg" alt="Figure 139. Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-100." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 139</span><span class="title">Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); VAS, scale 0-100</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig138"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig138" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20140.%20Tinnitus%20loudness%20(6%20months)%3B%20VAS%2C%20scale%200-100.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef138.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef138.jpg" alt="Figure 140. Tinnitus loudness (6 months); VAS, scale 0-100." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 140</span><span class="title">Tinnitus loudness (6 months); VAS, scale 0-100</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig139"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig139" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20141.%20Depression%20(post-treatment)%3B%20HADS%2FBDI.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef139.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef139.jpg" alt="Figure 141. Depression (post-treatment); HADS/BDI." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 141</span><span class="title">Depression (post-treatment); HADS/BDI</span></h3><div class="caption"><p>Scales: McKenna 2017 (HADS) – 0-21; Philpott 2012 (BDI) – 0-63</p></div></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig140"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig140" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20142.%20Depression%20(6%20months)%3B%20HADS%2FBDI.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef140.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef140.jpg" alt="Figure 142. Depression (6 months); HADS/BDI." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 142</span><span class="title">Depression (6 months); HADS/BDI</span></h3><div class="caption"><p>Scales: McKenna 2017 (HADS) – 0-21; Philpott 2012 (BDI) – 0-63</p></div></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig141"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig141" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20143.%20Anxiety%20(post-treatment)%3B%20HADS%2FSTRAI.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef141.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef141.jpg" alt="Figure 143. Anxiety (post-treatment); HADS/STRAI." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 143</span><span class="title">Anxiety (post-treatment); HADS/STRAI</span></h3><div class="caption"><p>Scales: McKenna 2017 (HADS) – 0-21; Philpott 2012 (STRAI) – 20-80</p></div></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig142"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig142" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20144.%20Anxiety%20(3-6%20months)%3B%20HADS%2FSTRAI.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef142.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef142.jpg" alt="Figure 144. Anxiety (3-6 months); HADS/STRAI." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 144</span><span class="title">Anxiety (3-6 months); HADS/STRAI</span></h3><div class="caption"><p>Scales: McKenna 2017 (HADS) – 0-21; Philpott 2012 (STRAI) – 20-80</p></div></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig143"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig143" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20145.%20Tinnitus%20severity%20(post-treatment)%2C%20VAS%2C%20scale%200-10.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef143.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef143.jpg" alt="Figure 145. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment), VAS, scale 0-10." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 145</span><span class="title">Tinnitus severity (post-treatment), VAS, scale 0-10</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig144"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig144" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20146.%20Tinnitus%20loudness%20(post-treatment)%2C%20VAS%2C%20scale%200-10.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef144.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef144.jpg" alt="Figure 146. Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment), VAS, scale 0-10." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 146</span><span class="title">Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment), VAS, scale 0-10</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig145"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig145" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20147.%20Anxiety%20(post-treatment)%2C%20HADS%2C%20scale%200-21.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef145.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef145.jpg" alt="Figure 147. Anxiety (post-treatment), HADS, scale 0-21." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 147</span><span class="title">Anxiety (post-treatment), HADS, scale 0-21</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig146"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig146" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20148.%20Depression%20(post-treatment)%3B%20HADS%2C%20scale%200-21.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef146.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef146.jpg" alt="Figure 148. Depression (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 148</span><span class="title">Depression (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig147"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig147" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20149.%20Depression%20and%20anxiety%20(post-treatment)%2C%20HADS%20(total)%2C%20scale%200-42.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef147.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef147.jpg" alt="Figure 149. Depression and anxiety (post-treatment), HADS (total), scale 0-42." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 149</span><span class="title">Depression and anxiety (post-treatment), HADS (total), scale 0-42</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig148"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig148" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20150.%20Tinnitus%20severity%20(post-treatment)%3B%20TQ%2C%20scale%200-84.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef148.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef148.jpg" alt="Figure 150. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); TQ, scale 0-84." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 150</span><span class="title">Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); TQ, scale 0-84</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig149"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig149" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20151.%20Tinnitus%20severity%20(post-treatment)%3B%20THI%2C%20scale%200-100.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef149.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef149.jpg" alt="Figure 151. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); THI, scale 0-100." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 151</span><span class="title">Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); THI, scale 0-100</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig150"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig150" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20152.%20Tinnitus%20annoyance%20(post-treatment)%3B%20VAS%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef150.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef150.jpg" alt="Figure 152. Tinnitus annoyance (post-treatment); VAS, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 152</span><span class="title">Tinnitus annoyance (post-treatment); VAS, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig151"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig151" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20153.%20Tinnitus%20loudness%20(post-treatment)%3B%20VAS%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef151.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef151.jpg" alt="Figure 153. Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); VAS, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 153</span><span class="title">Tinnitus loudness (post-treatment); VAS, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig152"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig152" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20154.%20Depression%20(post-treatment)%3B%20BDI%2C%20scale%200-62.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef152.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef152.jpg" alt="Figure 154. Depression (post-treatment); BDI, scale 0-62." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 154</span><span class="title">Depression (post-treatment); BDI, scale 0-62</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig153"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig153" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20155.%20Tinnitus%20severity%20and%20distress%20(post-treatment)%3B%20THI%2C%20scale%200-100.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef153.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef153.jpg" alt="Figure 155. Tinnitus severity and distress (post-treatment); THI, scale 0-100." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 155</span><span class="title">Tinnitus severity and distress (post-treatment); THI, scale 0-100</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig154"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig154" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20156.%20Quality%20of%20life%20(post-treatment)%3B%20QoLI%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef154.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef154.jpg" alt="Figure 156. Quality of life (post-treatment); QoLI, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 156</span><span class="title">Quality of life (post-treatment); QoLI, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig155"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig155" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20157.%20Depression%20(post-treatment)%3B%20HADS%2C%20scale%200-21.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef155.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef155.jpg" alt="Figure 157. Depression (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 157</span><span class="title">Depression (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig156"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig156" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20158.%20Anxiety%20(post-treatment)%3B%20HADS%2C%20scale%200-21.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef156.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef156.jpg" alt="Figure 158. Anxiety (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 158</span><span class="title">Anxiety (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig157"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig157" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20159.%20Sleep%20(post-treatment)%3B%20ISI%2C%20scale%200-28.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef157.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef157.jpg" alt="Figure 159. Sleep (post-treatment); ISI, scale 0-28." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 159</span><span class="title">Sleep (post-treatment); ISI, scale 0-28</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig158"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig158" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20160.%20Tinnitus%20severity%20(post-treatment)%3B%20THI%2C%20scale%200-100.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef158.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef158.jpg" alt="Figure 160. Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); THI, scale 0-100." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 160</span><span class="title">Tinnitus severity (post-treatment); THI, scale 0-100</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig159"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig159" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20161.%20Quality%20of%20life%20(post-treatment)%3B%20QoLI%2C%20scale%20not%20reported.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef159.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef159.jpg" alt="Figure 161. Quality of life (post-treatment); QoLI, scale not reported." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 161</span><span class="title">Quality of life (post-treatment); QoLI, scale not reported</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig160"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig160" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20162.%20Depression%20(post-treatment)%3B%20HADS%2C%20scale%200-21.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef160.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef160.jpg" alt="Figure 162. Depression (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 162</span><span class="title">Depression (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig161"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig161" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20163.%20Anxiety%20(post-treatment)%3B%20HADS%2C%20scale%200-21.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef161.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef161.jpg" alt="Figure 163. Anxiety (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 163</span><span class="title">Anxiety (post-treatment); HADS, scale 0-21</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appefig162"><div id="niceng155er11.appe.fig162" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20164.%20Sleep%20(post-treatment-10%20weeks)%3B%20ISI%2C%200-28.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appef162.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appef162.jpg" alt="Figure 164. Sleep (post-treatment-10 weeks); ISI, 0-28." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 164</span><span class="title">Sleep (post-treatment-10 weeks); ISI, 0-28</span></h3></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab1"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab1" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 39</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: CBT versus waiting-list control</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">CBT</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Waiting-list control</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus severity (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: Global Severity Index (GSI of SCL-90R); Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">43</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">20</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.09 lower (0.31 lower to 0.13 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: TQ/TRQ; range of scores: 0-84, 0-104; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">63</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">40</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.74 lower (1.16 to 0.33 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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<p>LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up 3 months; measured with: TRQ; range of scores: 0-104; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">11</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 22.80 lower (34.50 to 11.10 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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<p>LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus QoL (follow-up post-treatment; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">20</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">20</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 17.16 lower (27.88 to 6.44 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus annoyance (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: VAS; range of scores: 0-4, 0-10; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">30</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">36</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.35 lower (0.84 lower to 0.14 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus loudness (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: VAS; range of scores: 0-4, 0-10; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">73</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">56</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.27 lower (0.64 lower to 0.09 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: BDI/ADS; range of scores: 0-63, 0-60; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">63</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">40</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.21 lower (0.62 lower to 0.2 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up 3 months; measured with: HADS; range of scores: 0-21; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">11</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 3.20 lower (6.58 lower to 0.18 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anxiety (follow-up 3 months; measured with: HADS; range of scores: 0-21; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">11</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 4 lower (6.21 to 1.79 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anxiety (follow-up 3 months; measured with: ASI; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">11</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 14.7 lower (21.54 to 7.86 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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<p>LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sleep disturbance (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: VAS; range of scores: 0-10; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">10</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">16</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.34 lower (1.98 lower to 1.3 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab1_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab1_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab2"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab2" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 40</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: CBT versus control (masking)</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab2_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">CBT</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Control (masking)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus severity (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: Tinnitus Handicap Inventory; range of scores: 0-100; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">50</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">50</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 12.94 lower (16.32 to 9.56 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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<p>LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: Symptom Checklist-90; range of scores: 1-5; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">50</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">50</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.3 lower (0.56 to 0.04 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anxiety (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: Symptom Checklist-90; range of scores: 1-5; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">50</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">50</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.78 lower (0.99 to 0.57 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab2_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab2_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab3"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab3" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 41</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: CBT versus information only</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab3_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">CBT</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Information only</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: TQ; range of scores: 0-84; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">47</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">58</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 7.40 lower (13.65 to 1.15 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up 9 months; range of scores: 0-84; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">47</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">49</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 6.8 lower (13.09 to 0.51 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: PHQ-D; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">47</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">58</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.00 lower (2.85 lower to 0.85 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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<p>LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up 9 months; measured with: PHQ-D; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">47</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">49</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.9 lower (2.69 lower to 0.89 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab3_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab3_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab4"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab4" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 42</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: CBT versus education</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab4/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab4_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">CBT</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Education</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus severity (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: Global Severity Index (GSI of SCL-90R); Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">43</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">16</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.01 higher (0.23 lower to 0.25 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: TQ/TRQ; range of scores: 0-84, 0-104; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">90</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">56</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.40 lower (0.75 lower to 0.06 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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<p>LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up 12 months; measured with: TRQ; range of scores: 0-104; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">16</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">17</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.88 lower (16.69 lower to 12.93 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus QoL (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: THQ; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">20</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">20</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 15.62 lower (26.51 to 4.73 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus QoL (follow-up 12 months; measured with: THQ; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">16</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">17</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 2.76 lower (14.69 lower to 9.17 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus loudness (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: VAS and subjective change; range of scores: 0-4; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">47</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">40</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.32 lower (0.74 lower to 0.11 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus loudness (follow-up 11 weeks - 6 months; measured with: Diary; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">70</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">36</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.06 lower (0.78 lower to 0.67 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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<p>LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus annoyance (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: VAS; range of scores: 0-4; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">20</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">20</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.46 lower (0.95 lower to 0.03 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus annoyance (follow-up 12 months; measured with: VAS; range of scores: 0-4; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">16</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">17</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.63 lower (1.37 lower to 0.11 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: BDI; range of scores: 0-63; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">20</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">20</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.45 higher (4.39 lower to 5.29 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up 6-12 months; measured with: BDI/ADS; range of scores: 0-63, 0-60; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">59</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">33</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.06 lower (0.5 lower to 0.38 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab4_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab4_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab5"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab5" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 43</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: CBT versus relaxation</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab5/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab5_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">CBT</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relaxation</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus severity (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: Global Severity Index (GSI of SCL-90R; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">43</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">16</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.21 lower (0.55 lower to 0.13 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: TQ; range of scores: 0-84; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">43</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">16</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 7.6 lower (13.95 to 1.25 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus loudness (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: Diary; range of scores: 1-7; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">43</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">16</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.04 lower (0.93 lower to 0.85 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: ADS; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">43</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">16</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 5.93 lower (12.11 lower to 0.25 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab5_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab5_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab6"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab6" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 44</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: CBT versus passive relaxation training</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab6/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab6_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">CBT</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Passive relaxation training</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: TEQ; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">11</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">10</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.3 higher (2.2 lower to 2.8 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up 4 months; measured with: TEQ; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">10</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">6</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.2 lower (2.33 lower to 1.93 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus loudness (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: Tinnitus loudness rating; range of scores: 1-5; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">11</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">7</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0 higher (0.72 lower to 0.72 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus loudness (follow-up 4 months; measured with: Tinnitus loudness rating; range of scores: 1-5; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">10</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">6</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.03 lower (0.54 lower to 0.48 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus annoyance (most annoying) (follow-up post-treatment; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">11</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">7</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.75 higher (0.1 to 1.4 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus annoyance (most annoying) (follow-up 4 months; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">10</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">6</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0 higher (0.71 lower to 0.71 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_13_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up 1 month; measured with: BDI; range of scores: 0-63; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">10</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">6</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 3.36 lower (13.24 lower to 6.52 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_15_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anxiety (follow-up 1 month; measured with: STAI- state; range of scores: 20-80; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">10</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">6</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 6.46 lower (21.31 lower to 8.39 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_17_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anxiety (follow-up 1 month; measured with: STAI-trait; range of scores: 20-80; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">10</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">6</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 7.06 lower (18.48 lower to 4.36 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_19_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Insomnia (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: TEQ; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">11</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">7</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.03 higher (2.09 lower to 2.15 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_21_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Insomnia (follow-up 4 months; measured with: TEQ; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">10</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">6</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.13 lower (2.05 lower to 1.79 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab6_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab6_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab7"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab7" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 45</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: CBT versus applied relaxation training</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab7/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab7_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">CBT</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Applied relaxation training</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: TEQ; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">11</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.7 lower (2.64 lower to 1.24 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up 4 months; measured with: TEQ; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">10</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">11</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.85 higher (1.07 lower to 2.77 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus loudness (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: Tinnitus loudness rating; range of scores: 1-5; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">11</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.34 higher (0.35 lower to 1.03 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus loudness (follow-up 4 months; measured with: Tinnitus loudness rating; range of scores: 1-5; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">10</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">11</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.3 higher (0.24 lower to 0.84 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus annoyance (most annoying) (follow-up post-treatment; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">11</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.52 higher (0.13 lower to 1.17 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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|
<p>VERY LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_11_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus annoyance (most annoying) (follow-up 4 months; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">10</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">11</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.82 higher (0 to 1.64 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_13_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up 1month; measured with: BDI; range of scores: 0-63; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">10</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.97 higher (4.09 lower to 6.03 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;"></td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_15_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anxiety (follow-up 1 month; measured with: STAI-state; range of scores: 20-80; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">10</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.21 lower (12.12 lower to 9.7 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_17_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anxiety (follow-up 1 month; measured with: STAI-trait; range of scores: 20-80; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">10</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.77 higher (6.78 lower to 8.32 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_19_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Insomnia (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: TEQ; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">11</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.02 higher (1.75 lower to 1.79 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_21_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Insomnia (follow-up 4 months; measured with: TEQ; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">10</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">11</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.11 higher (0.93 lower to 1.15 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab7_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab7_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab8"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab8" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 46</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: CBT-stepped intervention versus usual care</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab8/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab8_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">CBT-stepped intervention</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Usual care</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus severity (follow-up post-treatment (step 1); measured with: Tinnitus Questionnaire; range of scores: 0-84; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious risk of bias</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">200</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">194</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 3.5 lower (7.4 lower to 0.4 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
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<p>⨁⨁⨁⨁</p>
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<p>HIGH</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus severity (follow-up 12 months (step 2); measured with: Tinnitus Questionnaire; range of scores: 0-84; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious risk of bias</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">171</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">161</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 8.69 lower (12.66 to 4.72 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⨁⨁⨁◯</p>
|
|
<p>MODERATE</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Quality of life (follow-up post-treatment (step 1); measured with: Health Utilities Index; range of scores: -0.36-1; Better indicated by higher values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">200</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">194</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.02 lower (0.08 lower to 0.04 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⨁⨁⨁◯</p>
|
|
<p>MODERATE</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Quality of life (follow-up 12 months (step 2); measured with: Health Utilities Index; range of scores: -0.36-1; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">171</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">171</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.05 higher (0.01 to 0.11 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⨁⨁⨁◯</p>
|
|
<p>MODERATE</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus-related quality of life (follow-up post-treatment (step 1); measured with: Tinnitus Handicap Inventory; range of scores: 0-100; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious risk of bias</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">200</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">194</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 3.13 lower (7.79 lower to 1.53 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⨁⨁⨁⨁</p>
|
|
<p>HIGH</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_11_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus-related quality of life (follow-up 12 months (step 2); measured with: Tinnitus Handicap Inventory; range of scores: 0-100; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious risk of bias</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">171</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">161</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 7.06 lower (11.63 to 2.49 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁⨁◯</p>
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<p>MODERATE</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_13_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression and anxiety (follow-up post-treatment (step 1); measured with: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Inventory; range of scores: 0-42; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious risk of bias</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">200</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">194</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.17 lower (1.82 lower to 1.48 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁⨁⨁</p>
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<p>HIGH</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_15_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression and anxiety (follow-up 12 months (step 2); measured with: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Inventory; range of scores: 0-42; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious risk of bias</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">171</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">161</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.61 lower (2.24 lower to 1.02 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⨁⨁⨁⨁</p>
|
|
<p>HIGH</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab8_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab8_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab9"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab9" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 47</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: CBT (self-help book) versus waiting-list control</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab9/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab9_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">CBT (book)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Waiting-list control</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up 3 months; measured with: TRQ; range of scores: 0-104; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">55</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">70</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 5.12 lower (10.66 lower to 0.42 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab9_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab9_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab10"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab10" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 48</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: CBT (bibliotherapy) versus information only</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab10/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab10_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">CBT bibliotherapy</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Information only</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: TQ; range of scores: 0-84; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">51</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">58</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.10 lower (8.37 lower to 6.17 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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<p>LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up 9 months; measured with: TQ; range of scores: 0-84; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">45</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">49</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 4.40 lower (11.64 lower to 2.84 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: PHQ-D; range of scores: 0-120; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">51</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">58</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.70 higher (1.34 lower to 2.74 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up 9 months; measured with: PHQ-D; range of scores: 0-120; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">45</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">49</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.80 higher (1.29 lower to 2.89 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab10_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab10_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab11"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab11" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 49</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: CBT versus control (web discussion forum)</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab11/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab11_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">CBT</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Control (web discussion forum)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up mean 10 weeks; measured with: Mini-TQ; range of scores: 0-24; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">38</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">43</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 3 lower (5.33 to 0.67 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus severity (follow-up mean 10 weeks; measured with: THI; range of scores: 0-100; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">38</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">43</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 9.76 lower (18.74 to 0.78 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up mean 10 weeks; measured with: HADS; range of scores: 0-21; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">38</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">43</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.47 lower (3.28 lower to 0.34 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anxiety (follow-up mean 10 weeks; measured with: HADS; range of scores: 0-21; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">38</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">43</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.83 lower (3.68 lower to 0.02 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sleep (ISI) (follow-up mean 10 weeks; measured with: ISI; range of scores: 0-28; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">38</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">43</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.88 lower (4.92 lower to 1.16 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab11_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab11_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab12"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab12" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 50</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: iCBT versus waiting-list control</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab12/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab12_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">iCBT</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Waiting-list control</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus annoyance (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: VAS; range of scores: 0-10; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">25</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">59</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.5 lower (1.56 lower to 0.56 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus loudness (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: VAS; range of scores: 0-10; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">24</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">59</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.2 lower (1.26 lower to 0.86 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: HADS - depression; range of scores: 0-21; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">24</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">48</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.8 lower (2.76 lower to 1.16 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up 1 year; measured with: HADS - depression; range of scores: 0-21; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">46</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">50</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0 higher (1.56 lower to 1.56 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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<p>LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anxiety (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: HADS - anxiety; range of scores: 0-21; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">24</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">48</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.9 lower (2.88 lower to 1.08 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_11_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anxiety (follow-up 1 year; measured with: HADS - anxiety; range of scores: 0-21; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">46</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">50</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.3 lower (2.02 lower to 1.42 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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<p>LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_13_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sleep (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: ISI; range of scores: 0-28; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">24</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">58</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.60 lower (0.47 lower to 1.67 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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<p>LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab12_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab12_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab13"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab13" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 51</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: iCBT versus information only</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab13/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab13_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">iCBT</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Information only</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: TQ/TRQ; range of scores: 0-84, 0-104; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">80</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">81</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.34 lower (0.66 to 0.03 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up 9 months; measured with: TQ; range of scores: 0-84; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">44</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">49</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 5.8 lower (12.71 lower to 1.11 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus annoyance (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: VAS; range of scores: 0-10; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">28</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">23</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.23 lower (1.1 lower to 0.64 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus loudness (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: VAS; range of scores: 0-10; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">28</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">23</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.1 higher (0.84 lower to 1.04 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: DASS/PHQ-D; range of scores: - 0-120, not reported; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">80</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">81</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.05 higher (0.26 lower to 0.36 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_11_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up 9 months; measured with: PHQ-D; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">44</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">49</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.2 higher (1.92 lower to 2.32 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
|
|
<p>LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_13_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anxiety (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: DASS; range of scores: 0-120; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">28</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">23</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.7 higher (1.46 lower to 2.86 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_15_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sleep quality (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: VAS; range of scores: 0-10; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>3</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">28</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">23</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.1 lower (1.24 lower to 1.04 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab13_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab13_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 or 2 increments because heterogeneity, I2= > 50%, p= > 0.04, unexplained by subgroup analysis.</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab13_3"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab14"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab14" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 52</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: iCBT versus tinnitus information counselling</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab14/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab14_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">iCBT</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Tinnitus information counselling</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus severity (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: Tinnitus Handicap Inventory; range of scores: 0-100; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">44</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">44</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 6.41 lower (14.71 lower to 1.89 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus severity (follow-up 2 months; measured with: Tinnitus Handicap Inventory; range of scores: 0-100; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">37</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">37</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 9.33 lower (17.77 to 0.89 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: Tinnitus Functional Index; range of scores: 0-100; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">44</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">44</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 7 lower (16.6 lower to 2.6 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up 2 months; measured with: Tinnitus Functional Index; range of scores: 0-100; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">37</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">37</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 9.66 lower (19.4 lower to 0.08 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Quality of life (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: Satisfaction With Life Scales; range of scores: 5-35; Better indicated by higher values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">44</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">44</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.05 higher (2.16 lower to 2.26 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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<p>LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_11_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Quality of life (follow-up 2 months; measured with: Satisfaction With Life Scales; range of scores: 5-35; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">37</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">37</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.5 higher (1.78 lower to 2.78 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_13_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: Patient Health Questionnaire-9; range of scores: 0-27; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">44</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">44</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.52 lower (2.14 lower to 1.1 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_15_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up 2 months; measured with: Patient Health Questionnaire-9; range of scores: 0-27; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">37</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">37</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 2.19 lower (3.95 to 0.43 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
|
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_17_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anxiety (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7; range of scores: 0-21; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">44</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">44</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.12 higher (1.43 lower to 1.67 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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<p>LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_19_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anxiety (follow-up 2 months; measured with: Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7; range of scores: 0-21; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">37</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">37</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.09 lower (1.64 lower to 1.46 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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<p>LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_21_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sleep (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: Insomnia Severity Index; range of scores: 0-28; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">44</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">44</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 2.84 lower (5.42 to 0.26 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_21_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_23_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sleep (follow-up 2 months; measured with: Insomnia Severity Index; range of scores: 0-28; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">37</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">37</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 4.34 lower (7.01 to 1.67 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1_1_23_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab14_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab14_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab15"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab15" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 53</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: iCBT versus control (web discussion forum)</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab15/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab15_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">iCBT</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Control (web discussion forum)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus severity and distress (follow-up 8-10 weeks; measured with: THI; range of scores: 0-100; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">126</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">136</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 12.16 lower (16.37 to 7.96 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up 8-10 weeks; measured with: Mini-TQ; range of scores: 0-20; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">96</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">104</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 4.42 lower (5.74 to 3.1 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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<p>LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Quality of life (follow-up 8 weeks; measured with: QoLI; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">30</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">32</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.26 higher (0.5 lower to 1.02 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up 8-10 weeks; measured with: HADS; range of scores: 0-21; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">126</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">136</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.95 lower (2.89 to 1.02 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anxiety (follow-up 8-10 weeks; measured with: HADS; range of scores: 0-21; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">126</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">136</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.66 lower (2.53 to 0.79 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_11_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sleep (follow-up 8-10 weeks; measured with: ISI; range of scores: 0-28; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">3</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">126</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">136</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 2.9 lower (4.42 to 1.38 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab15_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab15_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab16"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab16" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 54</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: iCBT versus iACT</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab16/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab16_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">iCBT</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">iACT</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress and severity (follow-up 8 weeks; measured with: THI; range of scores: 0-100; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">30</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">33</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 6.99 higher (1.64 lower to 15.62 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress and severity (follow-up 12 months; measured with: THI; range of scores: 0-100; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">30</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">31</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 3.79 lower (14.76 lower to 7.18 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Quality of life (follow-up 8 weeks; measured with: QoLI; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">30</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">33</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.41 higher (0.34 lower to 1.16 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Quality of life (follow-up 12 months; measured with: QoLI; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">30</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">31</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.64 higher (0.11 lower to 1.39 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anxiety (follow-up 8 weeks; measured with: HADS; range of scores: 0-21; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">30</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">33</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.46 higher (0.97 lower to 1.89 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_11_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anxiety (follow-up 12 months; measured with: HADS; range of scores: 0-21; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">30</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">31</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.49 lower (3.48 lower to 0.5 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_13_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up 8 weeks; measured with: HADS; range of scores: 0-21; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">30</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">33</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.11 lower (1.54 lower to 1.32 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
|
|
<p>LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_15_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up 12 months; measured with: HADS; range of scores: 0-21; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">30</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">31</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.96 lower (3.55 to 0.37 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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|
<p>LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_17_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sleep (follow-up 8 weeks; measured with: ISI; range of scores: 0-28; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">30</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">33</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.45 higher (1.62 lower to 4.52 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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<p>LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_19_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sleep (follow-up 12 months; measured with: ISI; range of scores: 0-28; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">30</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">31</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 5.29 lower (9.88 to 0.7 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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<p>LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab16_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab16_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab17"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab17" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 55</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: Biofeedback versus waiting-list control</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab17/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab17_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Biofeedback</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Waiting-list control</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up 8 weeks; measured with: Tinnitus diary; range of scores: 0-84; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">22</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">20</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.33 lower (9.77 lower to 7.11 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up 6 months; measured with: TQ; range of scores: 0-84; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">22</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">19</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 3.29 lower (14.15 lower to 7.57 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Quality of life (follow-up 6 months; measured with: Health Life Satisfaction; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">22</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">19</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 7.47 higher (17.67 lower to 32.61 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Quality of life (follow-up 8 weeks; measured with: Health Life Satisfaction; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">22</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">20</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.54 higher (20.48 lower to 21.56 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus loudness (follow-up 8 weeks; measured with: Tinnitus diary; range of scores: 0-10; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">22</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">20</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.49 lower (1.43 lower to 0.45 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_11_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus loudness (follow-up 6 months; measured with: Tinnitus diary; range of scores: 0-10; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">22</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">19</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.17 higher (0.96 lower to 1.3 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab17_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab17_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab18"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab18" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 56</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: Biofeedback-based CBT versus waiting-list control</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab18/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab18_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Biofeedbackbased CBT</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Waiting-list control</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus severity (follow-up 3 months; measured with: Global severity index of SLC-90-R; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">52</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">59</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.01 lower (0.21 lower to 0.19 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁⨁◯</p>
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<p>MODERATE</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up 3 months; measured with: TQ; range of scores: 0-84; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">52</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">59</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 17.02 lower (22.6 to 11.44 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁⨁◯</p>
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<p>MODERATE</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus distress (follow-up 3 months; measured with: Tinnitus diary; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">52</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">59</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.04 lower (1.68 to 0.4 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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<p>LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus loudness (follow-up 3 months; measured with: Tinnitus diary; range of scores: 0-10; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">52</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">59</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.33 lower (1.98 to 0.68 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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<p>LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up 3 months; measured with: BDI; range of scores: 0-63; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">52</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">59</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.09 lower (4.16 lower to 1.98 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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<p>LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_11_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sleep (follow-up 3 months; measured with: Sleep disturbance diary; range of scores: 0-10; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">52</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">59</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.37 lower (2.28 to 0.46 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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|
<p>LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab18_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab18_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab19"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab19" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 57</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: Behavioural therapy versus waiting-list control</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab19/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab19_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Behavioural therapy</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Waiting-list control</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus loudness (direct) (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: Diary; range of scores: 0-10; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.96 lower (2.49 lower to 0.57 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus loudness (retrospective) (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: Diary; range of scores: 0-10; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.01 lower (2.80 lower to 0.78 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus annoyance (retrospective) (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: Diary; range of scores: 0-10; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.55 lower (1.67 lower to 0.57 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (retrospective) (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: Diary; range of scores: 0-10; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">12</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.92 lower (1.93 lower to 0.09 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab19_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab19_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab20"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab20" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 58</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy versus relaxation</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab20/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab20_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relaxation</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus severity (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: TQ; range of scores: 0-84; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious risk of bias</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">36</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">32</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 6.8 lower (14.03 lower to 0.43 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁⨁◯</p>
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<p>MODERATE</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus severity (follow-up 6 months; measured with: TQ; range of scores: 0-84; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious risk of bias</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">34</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">28</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 7.6 lower (16.3 lower to 1.1 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁⨁◯</p>
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<p>MODERATE</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus severity (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: TFI; range of scores: 0-100; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious risk of bias</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">36</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">32</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 7.00 lower (16.09 lower to 2.09 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁⨁◯</p>
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<p>MODERATE</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus severity (follow-up 6 months; measured with: TFI; range of scores: 0-100; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious risk of bias</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">34</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">28</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 11.80 lower (23.06 to 0.54 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁⨁◯</p>
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<p>MODERATE</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus loudness (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: VAS; range of scores: 0-10; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious risk of bias</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">36</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">32</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 2.6 lower (13.94 lower to 8.74 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁⨁◯</p>
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<p>MODERATE</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_11_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus loudness (follow-up 6 months; measured with: VAS; range of scores: 0-10; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious risk of bias</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">34</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">28</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 10.3 lower (23.79 lower to 3.19 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁⨁◯</p>
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<p>MODERATE</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_13_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: HADS/ BDI; range of scores: 0-21, 0-63; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious risk of bias</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">49</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">44</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.41 lower (0.82 lower to 0.01 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
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<p>⨁⨁⨁◯</p>
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<p>MODERATE</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_13_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_15_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up 6 months; measured with: HADS/BDI; range of scores: 0-21, 0-63; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious risk of bias</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">47</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">40</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.42 lower (0.85 lower to 0.01 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁⨁◯</p>
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<p>MODERATE</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_15_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_17_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anxiety (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: HADS/STRAI; range of scores: 0-21, 20-80; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious risk of bias</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">49</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">44</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.24 lower (0.65 lower to 0.17 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
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<p>⨁⨁⨁⨁</p>
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<p>HIGH</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_17_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_19_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anxiety (follow-up 3-6 months; measured with: HADS/ STRAI; range of scores: 0-21, 20-80; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">2</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious risk of bias</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">47</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">40</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">SMD 0.39 lower (0.82 lower to 0.03 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
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<p>⨁⨁⨁◯</p>
|
|
<p>MODERATE</p>
|
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1_1_19_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab20_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs.</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab21"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab21" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 59</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: Mindfulness meditation versus relaxation therapy</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab21/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab21_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Mindfulness meditation</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relaxation therapy</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus severity (follow-up mean 15 weeks; measured with: VAS; range of scores: 0-10; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">34</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">27</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.5 lower (2.51 to 0.49 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus loudness (follow-up mean 15 weeks; measured with: VAS; range of scores: 0-10; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">34</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">27</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.64 lower (1.79 lower to 0.51 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anxiety (follow-up mean 15 weeks; measured with: HADS - anxiety; range of scores: 0-21; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">34</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">27</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.3 lower (3.08 lower to 0.48 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up mean 15 weeks; measured with: HADS - depression; range of scores: 0-21; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">34</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">27</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.33 lower (2.07 lower to 1.41 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression and anxiety (follow-up mean 15 weeks; measured with: HADS - total; range of scores: 0-42; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">34</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">27</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.63 lower (4.94 lower to 1.69 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab21_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab21_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab22"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab22" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 60</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: Mindfulness and body psychotherapy-based group treatment versus waiting-list control</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab22/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab22_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Mindfulness and body-psychotherapy-based group treatment</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Waiting-list control</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus severity (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: TQ; range of scores: 0-84; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">15</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">16</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 6.6 lower (18.18 lower to 4.98 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus severity (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: THI; range of scores: 0-1-; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">15</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">16</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 14 lower (28.43 lower to 0.43 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus annoyance (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: VAS; range of scores: 0-10; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">15</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">16</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.8 lower (3.6 lower to 0 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus loudness (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: VAS; range of scores: 0-10; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">15</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">16</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.9 lower (3.67 to 0.13 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: BDI; range of scores: 0-63; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">15</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">16</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 5.7 lower (10.85 to 0.55 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab22_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab22_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab23"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab23" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 61</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: iACT versus control (web discussion forum)</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab23/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab23_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">iACT</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Control (web discussion forum)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus severity and distress (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: THI; range of scores: 0-100; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious imprecision</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">33</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">32</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 18 lower (25.46 to 10.54 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁⨁◯◯</p>
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<p>LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Quality of life (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: QoLI; Better indicated by higher values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">33</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">32</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.15 lower (0.87 lower to 0.57 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: HADS - depression; range of scores: 0-21; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">33</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">32</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 1.11 lower (2.52 lower to 0.3 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anxiety (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: HADS - anxiety; range of scores: 0-21; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">33</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">32</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 2.57 lower (4.15 to 0.99 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sleep (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: ISI; range of scores: 0-28; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">33</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">32</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 2.74 lower (5.78 lower to 0.3 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab23_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab23_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appftab24"><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab24" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 62</span><span class="title">Clinical evidence profile: ACT versus waiting-list control</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appf.tab24/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appf.tab24_lrgtbl__"><table class="no_bottom_margin"><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1" colspan="7" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality assessment</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_2" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of patients</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_3" colspan="2" rowspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Effect</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_4" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_4" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Quality</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_5" rowspan="2" colspan="1" headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_5" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Importance</th></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">No of studies</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Design</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Risk of bias</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Inconsistency</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_5" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Indirectness</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_6" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Imprecision</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_7" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Other considerations</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_8" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">ACT</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_2" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_9" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Waiting-list Control</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_10" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Relative (95% CI)</th><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_3" id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_11" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Absolute</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tinnitus severity (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: THI; range of scores: 0-100; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">22</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">22</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 20.86 lower (32.76 to 8.96 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_3_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Quality of life ((follow-up post-treatment; measured with: QoLI; Better indicated by higher values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">22</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">22</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 0.86 higher (0.12 lower to 1.84 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">CRITICAL</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_5_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Depression (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: HADS- depression; range of scores: 0-21; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">22</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">22</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 3 lower (5.59 to 0.41 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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<p>VERY LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_7_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Anxiety (follow-up post-treatment; measured with: HADS - anxiety; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">22</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">22</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 3 lower (5.59 to 0.41 lower)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
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|
<p>VERY LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr><tr><th headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_5 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_6 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_7 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_8 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_9 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_10 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_11 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_4 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_5" id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_9_1" colspan="13" rowspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Sleep ((follow-up post-treatment; measured with: ISI; range of scores: 0-28; Better indicated by lower values)</th></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_1 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">1</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_2 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">randomised trials</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_3 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">very serious<sup>1</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious inconsistency</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">no serious indirectness</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_6 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">serious<sup>2</sup></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_1 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_7 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">none</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_8 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">22</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_2 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_9 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">22</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_10 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">-</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_3 hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_2_11 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">MD 2.55 lower (5.9 lower to 0.8 higher)</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_4 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">
|
|
<p>⨁◯◯◯</p>
|
|
<p>VERY LOW</p>
|
|
</td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_1_5 hd_b_niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:center;vertical-align:top;">IMPORTANT</td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="tblwrap-foot"><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab24_1"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the majority of the evidence was at high risk of bias, and downgraded by 2 increments if the majority of the evidence was at very high risk of bias</p></div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2</dt><dd><div id="niceng155er11.appf.tab24_2"><p class="no_margin">Downgraded by 1 increment if the confidence interval crossed one MID or by 2 increments if the confidence interval crossed both MIDs</p></div></dd></dl></dl></div></div></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobniceng155er11appgfig1"><div id="niceng155er11.appg.fig1" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><a href="/core/lw/2.0/html/tileshop_pmc/tileshop_pmc_inline.html?title=Figure%20165.%20Flow%20chart%20of%20health%20economic%20study%20selection%20for%20the%20guideline.&p=BOOKS&id=557030_niceng155er11appgf1.jpg" target="tileshopwindow" class="inline_block pmc_inline_block ts_canvas img_link" title="Click on image to zoom"><div class="ts_bar small" title="Click on image to zoom"></div><img data-src="/books/NBK557030/bin/niceng155er11appgf1.jpg" alt="Figure 165. Flow chart of health economic study selection for the guideline." class="tileshop" title="Click on image to zoom" /></a></div><h3><span class="label">Figure 165</span><span class="title">Flow chart of health economic study selection for the guideline</span></h3><div class="caption"><p>* Non-relevant population, intervention, comparison, design or setting; non-English language</p></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appitab1"><div id="niceng155er11.appi.tab1" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 63</span><span class="title">Studies excluded from the clinical review</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appi.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appi.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Exclusion reason</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Andersson 1999<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref4" rid="niceng155er11.ref4"><sup>4</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect study design: non-randomised study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Andersson 2015<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref3" rid="niceng155er11.ref3"><sup>3</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect study design: literature review</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Beukes 2015<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref12" rid="niceng155er11.ref12"><sup>12</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect study design: study protocol</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Beukes 2017<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref10" rid="niceng155er11.ref10"><sup>10</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect study design: study protocol</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Beukes 2018<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref11" rid="niceng155er11.ref11"><sup>11</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome data</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Beukes 2018 <a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref13" rid="niceng155er11.ref13"><sup>13</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect study design: non-randomised study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Beukes 2018<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref8" rid="niceng155er11.ref8"><sup>8</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect study design: non-randomised study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Caffier 2006<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref14" rid="niceng155er11.ref14"><sup>14</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome data</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Cima 2014<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref15" rid="niceng155er11.ref15"><sup>15</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect study design: systematic review including non-randomised studies</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Cima 2017<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref17" rid="niceng155er11.ref17"><sup>17</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect study design: secondary analysis of an RCT with no relevant outcome data</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hesser 2014<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref23" rid="niceng155er11.ref23"><sup>23</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Hiller 2005 <a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref24" rid="niceng155er11.ref24"><sup>24</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect study design: non-randomised study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Jakes 1992<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref25" rid="niceng155er11.ref25"><sup>25</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcomes</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kaldo 2008<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref28" rid="niceng155er11.ref28"><sup>28</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect comparison: two types of CBT</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kallogjeri 2017<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref29" rid="niceng155er11.ref29"><sup>29</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect population: control group in study is people without tinnitus</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kleinstauber 2018<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref30" rid="niceng155er11.ref30"><sup>30</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect study design: non-randomised study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Krings 2015<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref32" rid="niceng155er11.ref32"><sup>32</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect intervention: pharmacological intervention</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Malinvaud 2016<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref38" rid="niceng155er11.ref38"><sup>38</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect comparison: CBT versus auditory and visual 3D virtual reality therapy</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Marks 2019<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref40" rid="niceng155er11.ref40"><sup>40</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect study design: non-randomised study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Martz 2018<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref41" rid="niceng155er11.ref41"><sup>41</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No relevant outcome data</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mason 1994<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref42" rid="niceng155er11.ref42"><sup>42</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect study design; incorrect intervention: hypnotherapy</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Mason 1996<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref43" rid="niceng155er11.ref43"><sup>43</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect comparison: counselling versus hypnotherapy</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Maudoux 2007<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref44" rid="niceng155er11.ref44"><sup>44</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect study design: non-randomised study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McCombie 2015<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref45" rid="niceng155er11.ref45"><sup>45</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect population: people with physical illnesses (tinnitus not a specific population within study)</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">McKenna 2018<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref47" rid="niceng155er11.ref47"><sup>47</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect study design: non-randomised study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Nyenhuis 2013<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref49" rid="niceng155er11.ref49"><sup>49</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect study design: secondary analysis of an RCT with no relevant outcome data</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Robinson 2008<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref54" rid="niceng155er11.ref54"><sup>54</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Data not extractable</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Thompson 2017<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref56" rid="niceng155er11.ref56"><sup>56</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect study design: non-randomised study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Tyler 2007<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref57" rid="niceng155er11.ref57"><sup>57</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect study design: narrative article</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Weise 2005<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref61" rid="niceng155er11.ref61"><sup>61</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not English Language</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Weise 2007<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref58" rid="niceng155er11.ref58"><sup>58</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not English language</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Zachriat 2003<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref63" rid="niceng155er11.ref63"><sup>63</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not available</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Zarenoe 2016<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref65" rid="niceng155er11.ref65"><sup>65</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect intervention: included in combination review</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Zenner 2013<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref66" rid="niceng155er11.ref66"><sup>66</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect study design: non-randomised study</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Zhong 2014<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref67" rid="niceng155er11.ref67"><sup>67</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Not English Language</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Zoeger 2008<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref68" rid="niceng155er11.ref68"><sup>68</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Incorrect study design: non-randomised study</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appitab2"><div id="niceng155er11.appi.tab2" class="table"><h3><span class="label">Table 64</span><span class="title">Studies excluded from the health economic review</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appi.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appi.tab2_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Reference</th><th id="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Reason for exclusion</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kaldo 2007<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref27" rid="niceng155er11.ref27"><sup>27</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">This study was assessed as partially applicable with very serious limitations as the authors only include resource use rather than costs.</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Kaldo 2008<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref28" rid="niceng155er11.ref28"><sup>28</sup></a></td><td headers="hd_h_niceng155er11.appi.tab2_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">This study was assessed as partially applicable with very serious limitations as the authors only include resource use rather than costs.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appjtab1"><div id="niceng155er11.appj.tab1" class="table"><h3><span class="title">Criteria for selecting high-priority research recommendations</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appj.tab1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appj.tab1_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PICO question</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p><b>Population</b>: Adults (aged over 18 years old) presenting with tinnitus</p>
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<p><b>Intervention(s):</b> CBT (individual, group and digital) delivered by non-psychologists (e.g. audiologists).</p>
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<p><b>Comparison:</b>
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>CBT delivered by psychologists</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Sound therapy and sound enrichment
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>sound enrichment (e.g. environmental sound, a CD or mp3 download or the radio, a smartphone App, bedside/table-top sound generators, a wearable sound generator)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Combination hearing devices (hearing aid combined with sound generator)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Customised sound-based therapies, e.g. amplitude modulated tones, notched noise/music</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Masking</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tinnitus support, intervention involving the following components:
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Discussion of experience of tinnitus, including any concerns and its impact with individuals presenting with tinnitus. This discussion occurs between the person with tinnitus or their family members or carers and healthcare professional.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>A management plan is also developed to include information and opportunities for discussion about different management options</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Amplification devices for those with a hearing loss
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Hearing aids</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Implantable devices (including cochlear implants, bone-anchored hearing aids, bone-conduction hearing implants, bone-bridge/middle-ear devices)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Combination device (sound generator and hearing aids)</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>No psychological therapy</div></li></ul>
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<b>Outcome(s):</b>
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tinnitus severity (critical)- measured using validated questionnaires</div></li></ul>
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Impact of tinnitus, measured using validated questionnaires:(critical)
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tinnitus Distress</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tinnitus Annoyance</div></li></ul>
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Health related QoL, measured using validated questionnaires: (critical)
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>QoL (EQ-5D)</div></li></ul>
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Tinnitus percept, measured using validated questionnaires:
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tinnitus Loudness (important)</div></li></ul>
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Other co-occurring complaints, measured using validated questionnaires (important)
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Depression</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Anxiety</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Anxiety and depression</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Sleep</div></li></ul>
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NHS costs and cost effectiveness</p>
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</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab1_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Importance to patients or the population</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab1_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>There is evidence that CBT is helpful in the management of tinnitus. The evidence comes from studies where the therapy is delivered by psychologists. There are, however, very few psychologists working in the field. Most people complaining of tinnitus will be managed by other health care professionals, usually audiologists. CBT is not a part of the routine training of audiologists and few have taken additional training. This means that a lot of people seeking help for tinnitus are unable to access this successful management option. The situation is analogous to the historic lack of access to CBT for mental health problems. If CBT for tinnitus can be successfully delivered by audiologists with appropriate training and supervision, then people complaining of tinnitus will be able to access treatment.</p>
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<p>Demonstration of cost effectiveness is crucial and trials will need to consider the supervision level required by non-psychologists and psychologists to provide a cost - effective service.</p>
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</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance to NICE guidance</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab1_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Evidence in this area may mean that future NICE guidance recommends that CBT is carried out by suitably trained professionals, other than psychologists, allowing wider access to this intervention.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab1_1_1_4_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance to the NHS</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab1_1_1_4_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">If CBT delivered by audiologists is shown to be cost- effective, audiologists delivering tinnitus services would need additional training. If CBT by audiologists is not shown to be effective, strategic planning would be required to allow for increased inclusion of psychologists in tinnitus services.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">National priorities</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab1_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">None.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab1_1_1_6_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Current evidence base</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab1_1_1_6_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>One UK based RCT (Beukes 2018)<a class="bibr" href="#niceng155er11.ref9" rid="niceng155er11.ref9"><sup>9</sup></a>; the CBT intervention was delivered by audiologists with supervision from a psychologist. However, this study was an internet-delivered approach which is not available clinically. It exists only for use in research and is therefore not applicable to the question.</p>
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<p>There is no evidence that considers face-to-face CBT delivered by audiologists. CBT has been shown to be effective for tinnitus when carried out by psychologists but access to psychology services are limited in most parts of the country.</p>
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</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Equality</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab1_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">None.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab1_1_1_8_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab1_1_1_8_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Randomised controlled trial examining cost effectiveness outcomes. It may be possible to have a single blinding in the RCT. In theory participant might be blinded to the profession of the therapists. However the accessibility of professional profiles on social media and institutional websites may limit this.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Feasibility</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab1_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">The study is feasible and could be carried out in a reasonable timescale.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab1_1_1_10_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Other comments</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab1_1_1_10_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">None.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Importance</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab1_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">High: the research is essential to inform future updates of key recommendations in the guideline.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appjtab2"><div id="niceng155er11.appj.tab2" class="table"><h3><span class="title">Criteria for selecting high-priority research recommendations</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appj.tab2/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appj.tab2_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PICO question</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab2_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p><b>Population:</b> Children and young people presenting with tinnitus</p>
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<p><b>Intervention(s):</b>
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Psychological therapies
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Cognitive Behavioural therapy (CBT)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Mindfulness-based interventions e.g. Cognitive therapy and MBSR</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Brief solution focused therapy</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Narrative therapy</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Family therapy/Systemic therapy</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
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<b>Comparison:</b>
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Interventions compared with each other</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Interventions in combination with each other</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Sound therapy and sound enrichment
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>sound enrichment (e.g. environmental sound, a CD or mp3 download or the radio, a smartphone App, bedside/table-top sound generators, a wearable sound generator)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Combination hearing devices (hearing aid combined with sound generator)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Customised sound-based therapies</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Masking</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tinnitus support, intervention involving the following components:
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Discussion of experience of tinnitus, including any concerns and its impact with individuals presenting with tinnitus. This discussion occurs between the person with tinnitus or their family members or carers and healthcare professional.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>A management plan is also developed to include information and opportunities for discussion about different management options</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Amplification devices for those with hearing loss
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Hearing aids</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Implantable devices (including cochlear implants, bone-anchored hearing aids, bone-conduction hearing implants, bone-bridge/middle-ear devices)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Combination device (sound generator and hearing aids)</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>No psychological therapy</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Waiting-list control</div></li></ul>
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<b>Outcome(s):</b>
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tinnitus severity (critical)</div></li></ul>
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Impact of tinnitus:(critical)
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tinnitus Distress</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tinnitus Annoyance</div></li></ul>
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Health related QoL (critical):
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>QoL (EQ-5D)</div></li></ul>
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Tinnitus percept:
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tinnitus Loudness (important)</div></li></ul>
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Other co-occurring complaints (important)
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Depression</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Anxiety</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Anxiety and depression</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Sleep</div></li></ul></p>
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</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab2_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Importance to patients or the population</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab2_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">The question is important to children, young people and their families who experience tinnitus distress as there are few management options available for children and young people.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance to NICE guidance</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab2_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">The answer to this question would inform future NICE guidance as to the clinical and cost effectiveness of psychological therapies for children and young people.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab2_1_1_4_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance to the NHS</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab2_1_1_4_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">There is no practice in the UK for children and young people as there is no evidence of clinical or cost effectiveness. There is a need for evidence to inform future recommendations.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab2_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">National priorities</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab2_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>There is Department of Health/NHS England guidance on ‘Improving mental health services for young people’: ‘Future in mind. Promoting, protecting and improving our children and young people’s mental health and wellbeing (2015)’</p>
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<p>(<a href="https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/improving-mental-health-services-for-young-people" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">https://www<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​.gov.uk/government<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​/publications<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​/improving-mental-health-services-for-young-people</a>). This is the report of the work of the Children and Young People’s Mental Health Taskforce.</p>
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</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab2_1_1_6_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Current evidence base</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab2_1_1_6_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No evidence was identified that evaluated the use of psychological therapies for children and young people with tinnitus.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab2_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Equality</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab2_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Currently, research has only been carried out with adults and therefore this question will address equality issues in being able to make recommendations for children and young people. Research should consider children of different ages and abilities.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab2_1_1_8_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab2_1_1_8_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Randomised control trial with a good quality control group. A robust qualitative study could be an alternative.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab2_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Feasibility</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab2_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">There are few providers of psychological services for children with tinnitus.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab2_1_1_10_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Other comments</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab2_1_1_10_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Any intervention for tinnitus for children and young people should consist of the systematic working of healthcare professionals with children and young people and their parents, carers and teachers.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab2_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Importance</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab2_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">High: the research is essential to inform future updates of key recommendations in the guideline.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobniceng155er11appjtab3"><div id="niceng155er11.appj.tab3" class="table"><h3><span class="title">Criteria for selecting high-priority research recommendations</span></h3><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK557030/table/niceng155er11.appj.tab3/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__niceng155er11.appj.tab3_lrgtbl__"><table><tbody><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">PICO question</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab3_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p><b>Population:</b> Children, young people and adults presenting with tinnitus-related distress who are d/Deaf or who have a severe-to-profound hearing loss including those who communicate by British Sign Language (BSL)</p>
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<p><b>Intervention(s):</b>
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Psychological therapies
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Cognitive Behavioural therapy (CBT)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Mindfulness-based interventions e.g., Cognitive therapy and MBSR</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Brief solution focused therapy</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Narrative therapy</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Family therapy/Systemic therapy</div></li></ul></div></li></ul>
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<b>Comparison:</b>
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Interventions compared with each other</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Interventions in combination with each other</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Sound therapy
|
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Combination hearing devices (hearing aid combined with sound generator)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Customised sound-based therapies</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tinnitus support including coping strategies, provision of information and advice and relaxation</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Amplification devices for those with hearing loss
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<ul class="circle"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Hearing aids</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Implantable devices (including cochlear implants, bone-anchored hearing aids, bone-conduction hearing implants, bone-bridge/middle-ear devices)</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Combination device (sound generator and hearing aids)</div></li></ul></div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>No psychological therapy</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Waiting-list control</div></li></ul>
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<b>Outcome(s):</b>
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tinnitus severity (critical)</div></li></ul>
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Impact of tinnitus:(critical)
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tinnitus Distress</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tinnitus Annoyance</div></li></ul>
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Health related QoL (critical):
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>QoL (EQ-5D)</div></li></ul>
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Tinnitus percept:
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Tinnitus Loudness (important)</div></li></ul>
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Other co-occurring complaints (important)
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<ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Depression</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Anxiety</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Anxiety and depression</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>Sleep</div></li></ul></p>
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</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab3_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Importance to patients or the population</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab3_1_1_2_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">There is currently very limited research into how to manage tinnitus in people who are D/deaf and therefore no clinical evidence or guidance on how to do so. Tinnitus is co-morbid with hearing loss and so understanding how to manage tinnitus within this population should be a priority, as standard care is not feasible for people who are D/deaf.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance to NICE guidance</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab3_1_1_3_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">It would help to ensure future guidance is relevant to a key group for whom tinnitus is an issue and who are identified as such within the equality impact assessment.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab3_1_1_4_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Relevance to the NHS</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab3_1_1_4_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">
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<p>This may impact on strategic delivery or service delivery depending on findings.</p>
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<p>In the SignHealth Report of 2014, ‘Sick of it: how the health service is failing deaf people’(<a href="https://www.signhealth.org.uk/health-information/sick-of-it-report/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">https://www<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​.signhealth<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​.org.uk/health-information<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>​/sick-of-it-report/</a>), it was pointed out that deaf people have worse health and lower life expectancy than people who are not deaf. It is important to find evidence to help reduce this inequality.</p>
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</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">National priorities</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab3_1_1_5_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">N/A</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab3_1_1_6_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Current evidence base</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab3_1_1_6_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">No evidence was identified that evaluated psychological therapies in people presenting with tinnitus-related distress who are d/Deaf or who have a severe-to-profound hearing loss</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Equality</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab3_1_1_7_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">This research recommendation addresses people with who are d/Deaf or who have a severe-to-profound hearing loss, a group that needs special consideration.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab3_1_1_8_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Study design</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab3_1_1_8_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Randomised controlled trial or well-designed prospective or retrospective cohort study.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab3_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Feasibility</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab3_1_1_9_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Limited availability to mental health services for those who communicate by BSL. Those who do not use BSL, interpreter will be needed.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab3_1_1_10_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Other comments</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab3_1_1_10_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Psychological therapies could be delivered by BSL.</td></tr><tr><th id="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab3_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Importance</th><td headers="hd_b_niceng155er11.appj.tab3_1_1_11_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="text-align:left;vertical-align:top;">Low: the research is of interest and will fill existing evidence gaps.</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article></div><div id="jr-scripts"><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/libs.min.js"> </script><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.min.js"> </script></div></div>
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