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<meta name="robots" content="INDEX,FOLLOW,NOARCHIVE" /><meta name="citation_inbook_title" content="LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]" /><meta name="citation_title" content="Talazoparib" /><meta name="citation_publisher" content="National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases" /><meta name="citation_date" content="2019/01/20" /><meta name="citation_pmid" content="31643933" /><meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548621/" /><link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/" /><meta name="DC.Title" content="Talazoparib" /><meta name="DC.Type" content="Text" /><meta name="DC.Publisher" content="National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases" /><meta name="DC.Date" content="2019/01/20" /><meta name="DC.Identifier" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548621/" /><meta name="description" content="Talazoparib is an orally available small molecule inhibitor of the DNA repair enzyme poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) which is used as an antineoplastic agent in the treatment of selected cases of breast cancer. Talazoparib is associated with a moderate rate of serum aminotransferase elevations during therapy and is suspected to cause rare instances of clinically apparent acute liver injury." /><meta name="og:title" content="Talazoparib" /><meta name="og:type" content="book" /><meta name="og:description" content="Talazoparib is an orally available small molecule inhibitor of the DNA repair enzyme poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) which is used as an antineoplastic agent in the treatment of selected cases of breast cancer. Talazoparib is associated with a moderate rate of serum aminotransferase elevations during therapy and is suspected to cause rare instances of clinically apparent acute liver injury." /><meta name="og:url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548621/" /><meta name="og:site_name" content="NCBI Bookshelf" /><meta name="og:image" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-livertox-lrg.png" /><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /><meta name="twitter:site" content="@ncbibooks" /><meta name="bk-non-canon-loc" content="/books/n/livertox/Talazoparib/" /><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548621/" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/figpopup.css" type="text/css" media="screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books.min.css" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books_print.min.css" type="text/css" /><style type="text/css">p a.figpopup{display:inline !important} .bk_tt {font-family: monospace} .first-line-outdent .bk_ref {display: inline} </style><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/jquery.hoverIntent.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/common.min.js?_=3.18"> </script><script type="text/javascript">window.name="mainwindow";</script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/bookshelf/2.26/book-toc.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/bookshelf/2.26/books.min.js"> </script>
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<div class="pre-content"><div><div class="bk_prnt"><p class="small">NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.</p><p>LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; 2012-. </p></div></div></div>
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<div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK548621_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">Talazoparib</span></h1><p class="small">Last Update: <span itemprop="dateModified">January 20, 2019</span>.</p></div><div class="body-content whole_rhythm" itemprop="text"><div id="Talazoparib.OVERVIEW"><h2 id="_Talazoparib_OVERVIEW_">OVERVIEW</h2><div id="Talazoparib.Introduction"><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Talazoparib is an orally available small molecule inhibitor of the DNA repair enzyme poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) which is used as an antineoplastic agent in the treatment of selected cases of breast cancer. Talazoparib is associated with a moderate rate of serum aminotransferase elevations during therapy and is suspected to cause rare instances of clinically apparent acute liver injury.</p></div><div id="Talazoparib.Background"><h3>Background</h3><p>Talazoparib (tal" a zoe' pa rib) is a potent small molecule inhibitor of polyadenosine 5’-diphosphoribose (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), an enzyme involved in repair of single strand breaks in DNA and which is used in the therapy of breast cancer. In normal cells, DNA repair mechanisms include base excision repair for single strand DNA breaks, for which PARP plays an important role, and homologous recombination for double-strand DNA breaks for which the tumor suppressor proteins BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 are involved. In patients with cancers associated with BRCA mutations, and particularly those with breast and ovarian cancer, the cancer cells are particularly susceptible to PARP inhibitors which cause accumulation of DNA breaks and resultant cell necrosis. In several clinical trials, talazoparib has been found improve progression free survival in patients with advanced or metastatic HER-2 negative breast cancer with BRCA mutations. It is also being evaluated as therapy of other types of solid tumors that harbor germ-line BRCA mutations. Talazoparib was approved for therapy of breast cancer (HER negative, BRCA positive) in the United States in 2018 and is available in capsules of 0.25 and 1.0 mg under the brand name Talzenna. The recommended dose is 1 mg orally once daily, continued until progressive disease or intolerable toxicity occurs. Side effects are common and can include fatigue, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, headache, alopecia, anemia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. Uncommon, but potentially severe side effects include myelodysplastic syndromes, marked myelosuppression and embryo-fetal toxicity.</p></div><div id="Talazoparib.Hepatotoxicity"><h3>Hepatotoxicity</h3><p>Elevations in serum aminotransferase levels are common during talazoparib therapy occurring in 33% of patients, but rising above 5 times the upper limit of the normal range in only 1%. The elevations are generally transient and not associated with symptoms or jaundice. Furthermore, similar rates of aminotransferase elevations were reported in control, comparator arms. Talazoparib has had limited clinical use but has not been linked to instances of acute liver injury with symptoms or jaundice. Because of the limited clinical experience with using talazoparib and other PARP inhibitors, their potential for causing liver injury is not well defined.</p><p>Likelihood score: E* (unproved but suspected cause of clinically apparent liver injury).</p></div><div id="Talazoparib.Mechanism_of_Injury"><h3>Mechanism of Injury</h3><p>The possible cause of the liver injury due to talazoparib is not known. Talazoparib has minimal hepatic metabolism and does not inhibit any of the major cytochrome P450 (CYP) metabolizing enzymes.</p></div><div id="Talazoparib.Outcome_and_Management"><h3>Outcome and Management</h3><p>Talazoparib therapy has been associated with transient serum aminotransferase elevations during therapy, but has not been linked to instances of acute liver injury with jaundice or symptoms. Serum aminotransferase elevations above 5 times the upper limit of normal (if confirmed) should lead to temporary discontinuation, which should be permanent if laboratory values do not improve significantly or resolve within a few weeks or if symptoms or jaundice arise.</p><p>Drug Class: <a href="/books/n/livertox/AntineoplasticAgents/">Antineoplastic Agents</a>, <a href="/books/n/livertox/ProteinKinaseInhibit/">Protein Kinase Inhibitors</a></p></div></div><div id="Talazoparib.PRODUCT_INFORMATION"><h2 id="_Talazoparib_PRODUCT_INFORMATION_">PRODUCT INFORMATION</h2><div id="Talazoparib.BPI" class="box"><p>
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<b>REPRESENTATIVE TRADE NAMES</b>
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||
</p><p>Talazoparib – Talzenna®</p><p>
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<b>DRUG CLASS</b>
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</p><p>Antineoplastic Agents</p><p>
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<a href="https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/search.cfm?labeltype=all&query=Talazoparib" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">COMPLETE LABELING</a>
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</p><p>Product labeling at DailyMed, National Library of Medicine, NIH</p></div></div><div id="Talazoparib.CHEMICAL_FORMULA_AND_STRUCTU"><h2 id="_Talazoparib_CHEMICAL_FORMULA_AND_STRUCTU_">CHEMICAL FORMULA AND STRUCTURE</h2><div id="Talazoparib.T1" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK548621/table/Talazoparib.T1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__Talazoparib.T1_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_Talazoparib.T1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">DRUG</th><th id="hd_h_Talazoparib.T1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">CAS REGISTRY NO.</th><th id="hd_h_Talazoparib.T1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">MOLECULAR FORMULA</th><th id="hd_h_Talazoparib.T1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">STRUCTURE</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_Talazoparib.T1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">Talazoparib</td><td headers="hd_h_Talazoparib.T1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">
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||
<a href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/substance/164027304" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubchem">1207456-01-6</a>
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||
</td><td headers="hd_h_Talazoparib.T1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">C19-H14-F2-N6-O</td><td headers="hd_h_Talazoparib.T1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">
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<div class="graphic"><img src="/books/NBK548621/bin/Talazoparib_structure.jpg" alt="Talazoparib chemical structure" /></div>
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</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div><div id="Talazoparib.ANNOTATED_BIBLIOGRAPHY"><h2 id="_Talazoparib_ANNOTATED_BIBLIOGRAPHY_">ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY</h2><p>References updated: 20 January 2019</p><p>Abbreviation: PARP, polyadenosine-5’-diphosphoribose polymerase.</p><ul class="first-line-outdent"><li><div class="bk_ref" id="Talazoparib.R1">Zimmerman HJ. Hepatotoxicity: the adverse effects of drugs and other chemicals on the liver. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1999.<div><i>(Review of hepatotoxicity published in 1999 before the availability of kinase inhibitors).</i></div></div></li><li><div class="bk_ref" id="Talazoparib.R2">DeLeve LD. Erlotinib. Cancer chemotherapy. In, Kaplowitz N, DeLeve LD, eds. Drug-induced liver disease. 3rd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2013, pp. 556.<div><i>(Review of hepatotoxicity of cancer chemotherapeutic agents published in 2013 before the availability of talazoparib and the small molecule PARP inhibitors).</i></div></div></li><li><div class="bk_ref" id="Talazoparib.R3">Wellstein A, Giaccone G, Atkins MB, Sausville EA. Pathway-targeted therapies: monoclonal antibodies, protein kinase inhibitors, and various small molecules. In, Brunton LL, Hilal-Dandan R, Knollman BC, eds. Goodman & Gilman's the pharmacological basis of therapeutics. 13th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2018, pp. 1203-36.<div><i>(Textbook of pharmacology and therapeutics).</i></div></div></li><li><div class="bk_ref" id="Talazoparib.R4">
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<a href="https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">https://www<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>.accessdata<wbr style="display:inline-block"></wbr>.fda.gov/scripts/cder/daf/</a>
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<div>
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<i>(FDA Drug Approvals website that has product labels [package inserts], letters of approval and full FDA scientific review of the new drug application for safety and efficacy; mentions that serum ALT elevations were frequent during talazoparib therapy, but rates were lower than with standard therapy [34% vs 39%] and there were no cases of ALT elevations with symptoms or jaundice).</i>
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</div></div></li><li><div class="bk_ref" id="Talazoparib.R5">de Bono J, Ramanathan RK, Mina L, Chugh R, Glaspy J, Rafii S, Kaye S, S et al. Phase I, dose-escalation, two-part trial of the PARP inhibitor talazoparib in patients with advanced germline BRCA1/2 mutations and selected sporadic cancers. Cancer Discov 2017; 7: 620-9. [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5905335/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5905335</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28242752" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 28242752</span></a>]<div><i>(Among 110 patients with various BRCA positive solid tumors treated with different doses of talazoparib, the maximum tolerated dose was 1.0 mg/day and extended therapy was associated with complete responses, particularly in those with ovarian and breast cancer; no mention of ALT elevations or hepatotoxicity).</i></div></div></li><li><div class="bk_ref" id="Talazoparib.R6">Turner NC, Telli ML, Rugo HS, Mailliez A, Ettl J, Grischke EM, Mina LA, et al. A phase II study of talazoparib after platinum or cytotoxic nonplatinum regimens in patients with advanced breast cancer and germline BRCA1/2 Mutations (ABRAZO). Clin Cancer Res 2018 Dec 18. [Epub ahead of print] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30563931" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30563931</span></a>]<div><i>(Among 83 women with advanced breast cancer and BRCA mutations treated with talazoparib, the overall objective response rate was 28% and while rates of ALT elevations were not provided, two subjects stopped treatment early because of liver test abnormalities).</i></div></div></li><li><div class="bk_ref" id="Talazoparib.R7">Litton JK, Rugo HS, Ettl J, Hurvitz SA, Gonçalves A, Lee KH, Fehrenbacher L, et al. Talazoparib in patients with advanced breast cancer and a germline BRCA Mutation. N Engl J Med 2018; 379: 753-63. [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10600918/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC10600918</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30110579" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30110579</span></a>]<div><i>(Among 431 women with advanced breast cancer with BRCA mutations with talazoparib or single-agent standard therapy, median progression free survival was longer with talazoparib [8.6 vs 5.6 months], while serious adverse event rates were similar [32% vs 29%] and “hepatic toxicity” was less frequent [9% vs 20%]).</i></div></div></li><li><div class="bk_ref" id="Talazoparib.R8">Gunjur A. Talazoparib for BRCA-mutated advanced breast cancer. Lancet Oncol 2018; 19: e511. [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30146245" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30146245</span></a>]<div><i>(News report on results of trial of talazoparib for breast cancer [Litton 2018] stressing the need to compare talazoparib with standard first-line platinum-based chemotherapy and to better understand mechanisms of resistance to PARP inhibitors).</i></div></div></li><li><div class="bk_ref" id="Talazoparib.R9">Hoy SM. Talazoparib: first global approval. Drugs 2018; 78: 1939-46. [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30506138" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30506138</span></a>]<div><i>(Review of the mechanism of action, history of development, structure, pharmacology, efficacy and safety of talazoparib; mentions that “hepatic adverse events” were less frequent with talazoparib than standard therapy [9% vs 20%], but one patient died of suspected sinusoidal obstruction syndrome).</i></div></div></li></ul></div><div id="bk_toc_contnr"></div></div></div>
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