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<title>Cytotoxic Antibiotics - LiverTox - NCBI Bookshelf</title>
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<meta name="robots" content="INDEX,FOLLOW,NOARCHIVE" /><meta name="citation_inbook_title" content="LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]" /><meta name="citation_title" content="Cytotoxic Antibiotics" /><meta name="citation_publisher" content="National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases" /><meta name="citation_date" content="2021/09/10" /><meta name="citation_pmid" content="31643644" /><meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548321/" /><link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/" /><meta name="DC.Title" content="Cytotoxic Antibiotics" /><meta name="DC.Type" content="Text" /><meta name="DC.Publisher" content="National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases" /><meta name="DC.Date" content="2021/09/10" /><meta name="DC.Identifier" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548321/" /><meta name="description" content="Several naturally occurring compounds with antibiotic activity also have potent antitumor activity and were developed as anticancer agents. These cytotoxic antibiotics are often grouped together, even though they have diverse mechanisms of action, widely different indications, a range of efficacies and distinctive toxicities. The cytotoxic antibiotics in current use in the United States include (with trade name and year of approval): bleomycin (Blenoxane, 1973), dactinomycin (Cosmegen, 1964), daunorubicin (Cerubidine, 1979), doxorubicin (Adriamycin, 1974), epirubicin (Ellence, 1999), idarubicin (Idamycin, 1990), plicamycin (previously known as mithramycin, still experimental), mitomycin (Mutamycin, 2002) and mitoxantrone (Novantrone, 1987). A discussion of the mechanism of action, current use and hepatotoxicity, along with structural information and references of these drugs, are provided for each agent individually. The anthracycline antibiotics include daunorubicin, doxorubicin, epirubicin and idarubicin (which are discussed together) and mitoxantrone, which is an anthracycline analog and discussed separately." /><meta name="og:title" content="Cytotoxic Antibiotics" /><meta name="og:type" content="book" /><meta name="og:description" content="Several naturally occurring compounds with antibiotic activity also have potent antitumor activity and were developed as anticancer agents. These cytotoxic antibiotics are often grouped together, even though they have diverse mechanisms of action, widely different indications, a range of efficacies and distinctive toxicities. The cytotoxic antibiotics in current use in the United States include (with trade name and year of approval): bleomycin (Blenoxane, 1973), dactinomycin (Cosmegen, 1964), daunorubicin (Cerubidine, 1979), doxorubicin (Adriamycin, 1974), epirubicin (Ellence, 1999), idarubicin (Idamycin, 1990), plicamycin (previously known as mithramycin, still experimental), mitomycin (Mutamycin, 2002) and mitoxantrone (Novantrone, 1987). A discussion of the mechanism of action, current use and hepatotoxicity, along with structural information and references of these drugs, are provided for each agent individually. The anthracycline antibiotics include daunorubicin, doxorubicin, epirubicin and idarubicin (which are discussed together) and mitoxantrone, which is an anthracycline analog and discussed separately." /><meta name="og:url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548321/" /><meta name="og:site_name" content="NCBI Bookshelf" /><meta name="og:image" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-livertox-lrg.png" /><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /><meta name="twitter:site" content="@ncbibooks" /><meta name="bk-non-canon-loc" content="/books/n/livertox/CytotoxicAntibiotics/" /><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548321/" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/figpopup.css" type="text/css" media="screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books.min.css" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books_print.min.css" type="text/css" /><style type="text/css">p a.figpopup{display:inline !important} .bk_tt {font-family: monospace} .first-line-outdent .bk_ref {display: inline} </style><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/jquery.hoverIntent.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/common.min.js?_=3.18"> </script><script type="text/javascript">window.name="mainwindow";</script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/bookshelf/2.26/book-toc.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/bookshelf/2.26/books.min.js"> </script>
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<div class="pre-content"><div><div class="bk_prnt"><p class="small">NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.</p><p>LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; 2012-. </p></div></div></div>
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<div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK548321_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">Cytotoxic Antibiotics</span></h1><p class="small">Last Update: <span itemprop="dateModified">September 10, 2021</span>.</p></div><div class="body-content whole_rhythm" itemprop="text"><div id="CytotoxicAntibiotics.OVERVIEW"><h2 id="_CytotoxicAntibiotics_OVERVIEW_">OVERVIEW</h2><p>Several naturally occurring compounds with antibiotic activity also have potent antitumor activity and were developed as anticancer agents. These cytotoxic antibiotics are often grouped together, even though they have diverse mechanisms of action, widely different indications, a range of efficacies and distinctive toxicities. The cytotoxic antibiotics in current use in the United States include (with trade name and year of approval): bleomycin (Blenoxane, 1973), dactinomycin (Cosmegen, 1964), daunorubicin (Cerubidine, 1979), doxorubicin (Adriamycin, 1974), epirubicin (Ellence, 1999), idarubicin (Idamycin, 1990), plicamycin (previously known as mithramycin, still experimental), mitomycin (Mutamycin, 2002) and mitoxantrone (Novantrone, 1987). A discussion of the mechanism of action, current use and hepatotoxicity, along with structural information and references of these drugs, are provided for each agent individually. The anthracycline antibiotics include daunorubicin, doxorubicin, epirubicin and idarubicin (which are discussed together) and mitoxantrone, which is an anthracycline analog and discussed separately.</p><p>Most of the cytotoxic antibiotics used in cancer chemotherapy have been implicated in cases of drug induced liver injury, generally associated with the use of high doses and with either direct hepatocellular injury or sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (from direct sinusoid cell injury). Because they are typically used in combination with other antineoplastic agents, it is often difficult to identify which is responsible for the liver injury.</p><p>Drug Class: <a href="/books/n/livertox/AntineoplasticAgents/">Antineoplastic Agents</a></p><p>The cytotoxic antibiotics discussed in LiverTox include:</p><ul><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="/books/n/livertox/Bleomycin/">Bleomycin</a>
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="/books/n/livertox/Dactinomycin/">Dactinomycin</a>
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<a href="/books/n/livertox/Daunorubicin/">Daunorubicin</a>
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<a href="/books/n/livertox/DoxorubicinEpirubici/">Doxorubicin</a>
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<a href="/books/n/livertox/DoxorubicinEpirubici/">Epirubicin</a>
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<a href="/books/n/livertox/DoxorubicinEpirubici/">Idarubicin</a>
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<a href="/books/n/livertox/Mitomycin/">Mitomycin</a>
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<a href="/books/n/livertox/Mitoxantrone/">Mitoxantrone</a>
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<a href="/books/n/livertox/DoxorubicinEpirubici/">Valrubicin</a>
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<div class="post-content"><div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright Notice</a></div><div class="small"><span class="label">Bookshelf ID: NBK548321</span><span class="label">PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31643644" title="PubMed record of this page" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">31643644</a></span></div><div style="margin-top:2em" class="bk_noprnt"><a class="bk_cntns" href="/books/n/livertox/">Drug Records</a><div class="pagination bk_noprnt"><a class="active page_link prev" href="/books/n/livertox/Cytarabine/" title="Previous page in this title">< Prev</a><a class="active page_link next" href="/books/n/livertox/Dabigatran/" title="Next page in this title">Next ></a></div></div></div></div>
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