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yet</button><a id="jr-fip-next" class="wsprkl btn" title="Jump to next match">▶</a></nav></nav></div><div id="jr-epub-interstitial" class="hidden"></div><div id="jr-content"><article data-type="main"><div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><div class="fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK548186_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">Cyclizine</span></h1><p class="fm-aai"><a href="#_NBK548186_pubdet_">Publication Details</a></p></div></div><div class="body-content whole_rhythm" itemprop="text"><div id="CyclizineChlorcycl.OVERVIEW"><h2 id="_CyclizineChlorcycl_OVERVIEW_">OVERVIEW</h2><div id="CyclizineChlorcycl.Introduction"><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Cyclizine and chlorcyclizine are first generation antihistamines that are used largely to treat or prevent motion sickness and nausea. Cyclizine has been linked to very rare instances of clinically apparent acute liver injury.</p></div><div id="CyclizineChlorcycl.Background"><h3>Background</h3><p>Cyclizine (sye' kli zeen) and chlorcyclizine (klor sye' kli zeen) are first generation antihistamines and antiemetics that belong to the piperazine class of these agents (with hydroxyzine and meclizine). Cyclizine and chlorcyclizine are most commonly used to treat the symptoms of nausea, vomiting and dizziness associated with motion sickness. However, they are also used to review symptoms of allergic rhinitis and the common cold, particularly in combination with sympathomimetic agents such as phenylephrine. Cyclizine was first approved for use in the United States in 1966. It is still widely used and is available as tablets or capsules of 25 mg in multiple generic forms and under the trade name Cyclivert and Bonine in both prescription and nonprescription forms. The typical dose is 1 or 2 tablets one hour before travel. Chlorcyclizine is used in a similar dose regimen. Both cyclizine and chlorcyclizine are also available as chewable tablets and in oral liquid formulations as well as combinations with sympathomimetic agents (pseudoephedrine) for the treatment of symptoms of the common cold and nasal congestion. Common side effects include sedation, impairment of motor function, confusion, dizziness, blurred vision, dry mouth and throat, palpitations, tachycardia, abdominal distress, constipation and headache. Antihistamines can worsen urinary retention and glaucoma.</p></div><div id="CyclizineChlorcycl.Hepatotoxicity"><h3>Hepatotoxicity</h3><p>Despite widespread use, cyclizine and chlorcyclizine have rarely been linked to liver test abnormalities or to clinically apparent liver injury. In an isolated case report, cyclizine was linked to a case of clinically apparent liver injury in a child given the drug for several days to prevent motion sickness. The pattern of liver test abnormalities suggested mild viral hepatitis, but jaundice and symptoms recurred when cyclizine was restarted. There were no immunoallergic features and no evidence for autoimmunity. The reason for the general safety of cyclizine and chlorcyclizine may relate to low daily dose and limited duration of use.</p><p>Likelihood score: E (unlikely to be a cause of clinically apparent liver injury).</p><p>References on the safety and potential hepatotoxicity of antihistamines are given together after the Overview section on Antihistamines.</p><p>Drug Class: <a href="/books/n/livertox/Antihistamines/?report=reader">Antihistamines</a></p></div></div><div id="CyclizineChlorcycl.PRODUCT_INFORMATION"><h2 id="_CyclizineChlorcycl_PRODUCT_INFORMATION_">PRODUCT INFORMATION</h2><div id="CyclizineChlorcycl.BPI" class="box boxed-text-box whole_rhythm hide-overflow"><p>
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<b>REPRESENTATIVE TRADE NAMES</b>
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</p><p>Cyclizine/Chlorcyclizine – Generic, Cyclivert®, Marezine®/Generic, Bonine®</p><p>
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<b>DRUG CLASS</b>
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</p><p>Antihistamines</p><p>
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<a href="https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/search.cfm?labeltype=all&query=Cyclizine" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">COMPLETE LABELING</a>
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</p><p>Product labeling at DailyMed, National Library of Medicine, NIH</p></div></div><div id="CyclizineChlorcycl.CHEMICAL_FORMULAS_AND"><h2 id="_CyclizineChlorcycl_CHEMICAL_FORMULAS_AND_">CHEMICAL FORMULAS AND STRUCTURES</h2><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figCyclizineChlorcyclT1"><a href="/books/NBK548186/table/CyclizineChlorcycl.T1/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figCyclizineChlorcyclT1" rid-ob="figobCyclizineChlorcyclT1"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK548186/table/CyclizineChlorcycl.T1/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK548186/table/CyclizineChlorcycl.T1/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="CyclizineChlorcycl.T1"><a href="/books/NBK548186/table/CyclizineChlorcycl.T1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobCyclizineChlorcyclT1">Table</a></h4></div></div></div><div id="bk_toc_contnr"></div></div></div><div class="fm-sec"><h2 id="_NBK548186_pubdet_">Publication Details</h2><h3>Publication History</h3><p class="small">Last Update: <span itemprop="dateModified">January 16, 2017</span>.</p><h3>Copyright</h3><div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright Notice</a></div></div><h3>Publisher</h3><p><a href="https://www.niddk.nih.gov/" ref="pagearea=page-banner&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher">National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases</a>, Bethesda (MD)</p><h3>NLM Citation</h3><p>LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; 2012-. Cyclizine. [Updated 2017 Jan 16].<span class="bk_cite_avail"></span></p></div><div class="small-screen-prev"><a href="/books/n/livertox/Crofelemer/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M75,30 c-80,60 -80,0 0,60 c-30,-60 -30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Prev</text></svg></a></div><div class="small-screen-next"><a href="/books/n/livertox/Cyclobenzaprine/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M25,30c80,60 80,0 0,60 c30,-60 30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Next</text></svg></a></div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobCyclizineChlorcyclBPI"><div id="CyclizineChlorcycl.BPI" class="box boxed-text-box whole_rhythm hide-overflow"><p>
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<b>REPRESENTATIVE TRADE NAMES</b>
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</p><p>Cyclizine/Chlorcyclizine – Generic, Cyclivert®, Marezine®/Generic, Bonine®</p><p>
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<b>DRUG CLASS</b>
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</p><p>Antihistamines</p><p>
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<a href="https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/search.cfm?labeltype=all&query=Cyclizine" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">COMPLETE LABELING</a>
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</p><p>Product labeling at DailyMed, National Library of Medicine, NIH</p></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobCyclizineChlorcyclT1"><div id="CyclizineChlorcycl.T1" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK548186/table/CyclizineChlorcycl.T1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__CyclizineChlorcycl.T1_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_CyclizineChlorcycl.T1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">DRUG</th><th id="hd_h_CyclizineChlorcycl.T1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">CAS REGISTRY NUMBER</th><th id="hd_h_CyclizineChlorcycl.T1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">MOLECULAR FORMULA</th><th id="hd_h_CyclizineChlorcycl.T1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">STRUCTURE</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_CyclizineChlorcycl.T1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">Cyclizine</td><td headers="hd_h_CyclizineChlorcycl.T1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">82-92-8</td><td headers="hd_h_CyclizineChlorcycl.T1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">C18-H22-N2</td><td headers="hd_h_CyclizineChlorcycl.T1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">
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<div class="graphic"><img src="/books/NBK548186/bin/Cyclizine_Structure.jpg" alt="Cyclizine Chemical Structure" /></div>
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</td></tr><tr><td headers="hd_h_CyclizineChlorcycl.T1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">Chlorcyclizine</td><td headers="hd_h_CyclizineChlorcycl.T1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">82-93-9</td><td headers="hd_h_CyclizineChlorcycl.T1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">C18-H21-Cl-N2</td><td headers="hd_h_CyclizineChlorcycl.T1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">
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<div class="graphic"><img src="/books/NBK548186/bin/Chlorcyclizine_Structure.jpg" alt="Chlorcyclizine Chemical Structure" /></div>
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