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<script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.boots.min.js"> </script><title>Dulaglutide - LiverTox - NCBI Bookshelf</title>
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<meta name="citation_inbook_title" content="LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]">
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<meta name="citation_title" content="Dulaglutide">
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<meta name="citation_publisher" content="National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases">
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<meta name="citation_date" content="2019/04/10">
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yet</button><a id="jr-fip-next" class="wsprkl btn" title="Jump to next match">▶</a></nav></nav></div><div id="jr-epub-interstitial" class="hidden"></div><div id="jr-content"><article data-type="main"><div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><div class="fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK547979_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">Dulaglutide</span></h1><p class="fm-aai"><a href="#_NBK547979_pubdet_">Publication Details</a></p></div></div><div class="body-content whole_rhythm" itemprop="text"><div id="Dulaglutide.OVERVIEW"><h2 id="_Dulaglutide_OVERVIEW_">OVERVIEW</h2><div id="Dulaglutide.Introduction"><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Dulaglutide is a recombinant DNA produced polypeptide analogue of human glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) which is used in combination with diet and exercise in the therapy of type 2 diabetes, either alone or in combination with other antidiabetic agents. There have been no published reports of hepatotoxicity attributed to dulaglutide therapy.</p></div><div id="Dulaglutide.Background"><h3>Background</h3><p>Dulaglutide (doo" la gloo' tide) is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue that acts like the native gastrointestinal hormone (incretin) to increase insulin secretion. Dulaglutide reproduces the activity of GLP-1, binding to specific receptors on pancreatic beta cells and increasing insulin secretion, which can lead to improvement of glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Dulaglutide, like other GLP-1 analogues, also causes weight loss which may contribute to its clinical effects. Dulaglutide is a recombinant DNA produced polypeptide that shares 97% homology to endogenous human GLP-1(7-37), but has an amino acid substitution which makes it resistant to DPP-4 degradation and thus extends its half-life in serum. In addition, the GLP-1 like polypeptide is linked to an Fc fragment of human IgG4 which further prolongs its serum half-life and duration of activity. Dulaglutide, like other GLP-1 analogues, must be given parenterally. Dulaglutide was approved for use in the United States in 2014 and current indications are for management of glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes in combination with diet and exercise, with or without other oral hypoglycemic agents. Dulaglutide is available under the brand name Trulicity in solution for subcutaneous injection in prefilled, single dose pens or syringes (0.75 and 1.5 mg/0.5 mL). The typical initial dose is 0.75 mg once weekly, which can be increased to 1.5 mg weekly. Dulaglutide is generally well tolerated, but side effects can be dose limiting and include nausea [~20%], vomiting [~5%], diarrhea [~12%], abdominal pain, decreased appetite, dyspepsia and fatigue. Rare side effects include pancreatitis [0.1-0.3%], hypoglycemia and hypersensitivity reactions.</p></div><div id="Dulaglutide.Hepatotoxicity"><h3>Hepatotoxicity</h3><p>In large clinical trials, serum enzyme elevations were no more common with dulaglutide therapy than with placebo or comparator agents, and no instances of clinically apparent liver injury were reported. Since licensure, there have been no published case reports of hepatotoxicity due to dulaglutide and the product label does not list liver injury as an adverse event. Thus, liver injury due to dulaglutide must be rare, if it occurs at all.</p></div><div id="Dulaglutide.Mechanism_of_Injury"><h3>Mechanism of Injury</h3><p>Dulaglutide is a polypeptide and is metabolized to amino acids by serum and tissue proteases, and is unlikely to have any direct hepatotoxic potential. Dulaglutide acts through the incretin pathway to affect glucose metabolism and, thus, is often grouped with other incretin-based antidiabetic mediations such as the DPP-4 inhibitors, sitagliptin, saxagliptin and linagliptin, and other GLP-1 analogues such as exenatide, liraglutide and albiglutide which are also discussed in LiverTox.</p><p>References regarding the hepatotoxicity and safety of dulaglutide are given with the Overview section of the GLP-1 Analogues.</p><p>Drug Class: <a href="/books/n/livertox/Antidiabetic/?report=reader">Antidiabetic Agents</a></p><p>Other Drugs in the Subclass, <a href="/books/n/livertox/IncretinBasedDrugs/?report=reader">Incretin-Based Drugs</a>, <a href="/books/n/livertox/GLP-1Analogues/?report=reader">Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Analogues</a>: <a href="/books/n/livertox/Albiglutide/?report=reader">Albiglutide</a>, <a href="/books/n/livertox/Exenatide/?report=reader">Exenatide</a>, <a href="/books/n/livertox/Liraglutide/?report=reader">Liraglutide</a>, <a href="/books/n/livertox/Lixisenatide/?report=reader">Lixisenatide</a>, <a href="/books/n/livertox/Semaglutide/?report=reader">Semaglutide</a></p></div></div><div id="Dulaglutide.PRODUCT_INFORMATION"><h2 id="_Dulaglutide_PRODUCT_INFORMATION_">PRODUCT INFORMATION</h2><div id="Dulaglutide.BPI" class="box boxed-text-box whole_rhythm hide-overflow"><p>
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<b>REPRESENTATIVE TRADE NAMES</b>
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</p><p>Dulaglutide – Trulicity®</p><p>
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<b>DRUG CLASS</b>
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</p><p>Antidiabetic Agents</p><p>
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<a href="https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/search.cfm?labeltype=all&query=Dulaglutide" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">COMPLETE LABELING</a>
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</p><p>Product labeling at DailyMed, National Library of Medicine, NIH</p></div></div><div id="Dulaglutide.CHEMICAL_FORMULA_AND_STRUCTU"><h2 id="_Dulaglutide_CHEMICAL_FORMULA_AND_STRUCTU_">CHEMICAL FORMULA AND STRUCTURE</h2><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col table-wrap" id="figDulaglutideT1"><a href="/books/NBK547979/table/Dulaglutide.T1/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Table" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figDulaglutideT1" rid-ob="figobDulaglutideT1"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK547979/table/Dulaglutide.T1/?report=thumb" src-large="/books/NBK547979/table/Dulaglutide.T1/?report=previmg" alt="Image " /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h4 id="Dulaglutide.T1"><a href="/books/NBK547979/table/Dulaglutide.T1/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobDulaglutideT1">Table</a></h4></div></div></div><div id="bk_toc_contnr"></div></div></div><div class="fm-sec"><h2 id="_NBK547979_pubdet_">Publication Details</h2><h3>Publication History</h3><p class="small">Last Update: <span itemprop="dateModified">April 10, 2019</span>.</p><h3>Copyright</h3><div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright Notice</a></div></div><h3>Publisher</h3><p><a href="https://www.niddk.nih.gov/" ref="pagearea=page-banner&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher">National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases</a>, Bethesda (MD)</p><h3>NLM Citation</h3><p>LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; 2012-. Dulaglutide. [Updated 2019 Apr 10].<span class="bk_cite_avail"></span></p></div><div class="small-screen-prev"><a href="/books/n/livertox/Droxidopa/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M75,30 c-80,60 -80,0 0,60 c-30,-60 -30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Prev</text></svg></a></div><div class="small-screen-next"><a href="/books/n/livertox/Duloxetine/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M25,30c80,60 80,0 0,60 c30,-60 30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Next</text></svg></a></div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobDulaglutideBPI"><div id="Dulaglutide.BPI" class="box boxed-text-box whole_rhythm hide-overflow"><p>
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<b>REPRESENTATIVE TRADE NAMES</b>
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</p><p>Dulaglutide – Trulicity®</p><p>
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<b>DRUG CLASS</b>
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</p><p>Antidiabetic Agents</p><p>
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<a href="https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/search.cfm?labeltype=all&query=Dulaglutide" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">COMPLETE LABELING</a>
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</p><p>Product labeling at DailyMed, National Library of Medicine, NIH</p></div></article><article data-type="table-wrap" id="figobDulaglutideT1"><div id="Dulaglutide.T1" class="table"><p class="large-table-link" style="display:none"><span class="right"><a href="/books/NBK547979/table/Dulaglutide.T1/?report=objectonly" target="object">View in own window</a></span></p><div class="large_tbl" id="__Dulaglutide.T1_lrgtbl__"><table><thead><tr><th id="hd_h_Dulaglutide.T1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">DRUG</th><th id="hd_h_Dulaglutide.T1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">CAS REGISTRY NO.</th><th id="hd_h_Dulaglutide.T1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">MOLECULAR FORMULA</th><th id="hd_h_Dulaglutide.T1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">STRUCTURE</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td headers="hd_h_Dulaglutide.T1_1_1_1_1" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">Dulaglutide</td><td headers="hd_h_Dulaglutide.T1_1_1_1_2" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">
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<a href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/substance/135360107" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubchem">923950-08-7</a>
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</td><td headers="hd_h_Dulaglutide.T1_1_1_1_3" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">Protein</td><td headers="hd_h_Dulaglutide.T1_1_1_1_4" rowspan="1" colspan="1" style="vertical-align:top;">Complex Polypeptide</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></article></div><div id="jr-scripts"><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/libs.min.js"> </script><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.min.js"> </script></div></div>
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