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<meta name="robots" content="INDEX,FOLLOW,NOARCHIVE" /><meta name="citation_inbook_title" content="Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed®) [Internet]" /><meta name="citation_title" content="Echinacea" /><meta name="citation_publisher" content="National Institute of Child Health and Human Development" /><meta name="citation_date" content="2024/10/15" /><meta name="citation_pmid" content="30000869" /><meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK501810/" /><meta name="citation_keywords" content="Echinacea" /><meta name="citation_keywords" content="Immuzim" /><meta name="citation_keywords" content="Guna-dermo" /><meta name="citation_keywords" content="Coneflower extract" /><meta name="citation_keywords" content="Extract of coneflower" /><meta name="citation_keywords" content="Echinacea root extract" /><meta name="citation_keywords" content="EINECS 283-631-6" /><meta name="citation_keywords" content="KC defense" /><meta name="citation_keywords" content="Coneflower extract" /><meta name="citation_keywords" content="Echinacea purpurea" /><meta name="citation_keywords" content="VI-PRO plus" /><meta name="citation_keywords" content="Echinacea angustifolia" /><meta name="citation_keywords" content="EINECS 289-808-4" /><meta name="citation_keywords" content="Immuzim" /><meta name="citation_keywords" content="Echinacea pallida root" /><meta name="citation_keywords" content="EINECS 306-513-9" /><link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/" /><meta name="DC.Title" content="Echinacea" /><meta name="DC.Type" content="Text" /><meta name="DC.Publisher" content="National Institute of Child Health and Human Development" /><meta name="DC.Date" content="2024/10/15" /><meta name="DC.Identifier" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK501810/" /><meta name="description" content="Echinacea species (Echinacea angustifolia, Echinacea purpurea, Echinacea pallida) contain high molecular weight polysaccharides (e.g., heteroxylan, arabinogalactan) and lower molecular weight compounds (e.g., alkylamides, caffeoyl conjugates such as cichoric acid and echinacosides), but no single chemical is known to be responsible for Echinacea's biological activity. Some products have been standardized based on echinacoside, and others on cichoric acid. Echinacea has no specific uses during breastfeeding, but is commonly used orally to treat or prevent upper respiratory infections. Excretion of some of the purportedly active alkamides was found in breastmilk in one mother. No data exist on the safety and efficacy of Echinacea in nursing mothers or infants. In general, Echinacea is well tolerated with gastrointestinal upset, diarrhea and constipation, skin rash and rarely allergic reactions reported. It may also alter the metabolism of some dugs metabolized by the P450 enzyme system. Some sources indicate that Echinacea is safe in recommended doses,[1] while others recommend avoiding it during breastfeeding because of the lack of published safety data. Echinacea has also been used topically to treat skin infections. A topical combination with Calendula (Calendit-E) was more effective than breastmilk in treating sore and cracked nipples in one study.[2-4]" /><meta name="og:title" content="Echinacea" /><meta name="og:type" content="book" /><meta name="og:description" content="Echinacea species (Echinacea angustifolia, Echinacea purpurea, Echinacea pallida) contain high molecular weight polysaccharides (e.g., heteroxylan, arabinogalactan) and lower molecular weight compounds (e.g., alkylamides, caffeoyl conjugates such as cichoric acid and echinacosides), but no single chemical is known to be responsible for Echinacea's biological activity. Some products have been standardized based on echinacoside, and others on cichoric acid. Echinacea has no specific uses during breastfeeding, but is commonly used orally to treat or prevent upper respiratory infections. Excretion of some of the purportedly active alkamides was found in breastmilk in one mother. No data exist on the safety and efficacy of Echinacea in nursing mothers or infants. In general, Echinacea is well tolerated with gastrointestinal upset, diarrhea and constipation, skin rash and rarely allergic reactions reported. It may also alter the metabolism of some dugs metabolized by the P450 enzyme system. Some sources indicate that Echinacea is safe in recommended doses,[1] while others recommend avoiding it during breastfeeding because of the lack of published safety data. Echinacea has also been used topically to treat skin infections. 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<div class="pre-content"><div><div class="bk_prnt"><p class="small">NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.</p><p>Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed®) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; 2006-. </p></div></div></div>
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<div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK501810_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">Echinacea</span></h1><p class="small">Last Revision: <span itemprop="dateModified">October 15, 2024</span>.</p><p><em>Estimated reading time: 2 minutes</em></p></div><div class="body-content whole_rhythm" itemprop="text"><p>CASRN: 84696-11-7; 90028-20-9; 97281-15-7</p><div id="LM899.Drug_Levels_and_Effects"><h2 id="_LM899_Drug_Levels_and_Effects_">Drug Levels and Effects</h2><div id="LM899.Summary_of_Use_during_Lactation"><h3>Summary of Use during Lactation</h3><p><i>Echinacea</i> species (<i>Echinacea angustifolia, Echinacea purpurea, Echinacea pallida</i>) contain high molecular weight polysaccharides (e.g., heteroxylan, arabinogalactan) and lower molecular weight compounds (e.g., alkylamides, caffeoyl conjugates such as cichoric acid and echinacosides), but no single chemical is known to be responsible for <i>Echinacea</i>'s biological activity. Some products have been standardized based on echinacoside, and others on cichoric acid. <i>Echinacea</i> has no specific uses during breastfeeding, but is commonly used orally to treat or prevent upper respiratory infections. Excretion of some of the purportedly active alkamides was found in breastmilk in one mother. No data exist on the safety and efficacy of <i>Echinacea</i> in nursing mothers or infants. In general, <i>Echinacea</i> is well tolerated with gastrointestinal upset, diarrhea and constipation, skin rash and rarely allergic reactions reported. It may also alter the metabolism of some dugs metabolized by the P450 enzyme system. Some sources indicate that <i>Echinacea</i> is safe in recommended doses,[<a class="bk_pop" href="#LM899.REF.1">1</a>] while others recommend avoiding it during breastfeeding because of the lack of published safety data. <i>Echinacea</i> has also been used topically to treat skin infections. A topical combination with <i>Calendula</i> (Calendit-E) was more effective than breastmilk in treating sore and cracked nipples in one study.[<a class="bk_pop" href="#LM899.REF.2">2</a>-<a class="bk_pop" href="#LM899.REF.4">4</a>]</p><p>Dietary supplements do not require extensive pre-marketing approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Manufacturers are responsible to ensure the safety, but do not need to <i>prove</i> the safety and effectiveness of dietary supplements before they are marketed. Dietary supplements may contain multiple ingredients, and differences are often found between labeled and actual ingredients or their amounts. A manufacturer may contract with an independent organization to verify the quality of a product or its ingredients, but that does <i>not</i> certify the safety or effectiveness of a product. Because of the above issues, clinical testing results on one product may not be applicable to other products. More detailed information <a href="https://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/help/LactMedDietarySupps.htm" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">about dietary supplements</a> is available elsewhere on the LactMed Web site.</p></div><div id="LM899.Drug_Levels"><h3>Drug Levels</h3><p><i>Maternal Levels.</i> One woman was given 4 <i>Echinacea</i> Premium tablets (each containing the equivalent of 675 mg of <i>Echinacea purpurea</i> root and 600 mg of <i>Echinacea angustifolia</i> root made from the dried ethanolic extracts). The total dose of N-isobutyldodeca-2E,4E,8Z,10E/Z-tetraenamide alkamides was 13.1 mg. The alkamides were present in breastmilk between 1 and 4 hours after ingestion in concentrations similar to those reported in the blood with the same dose of the product.[<a class="bk_pop" href="#LM899.REF.5">5</a>] Further details were not present in the abstract.</p><p><i>Infant Levels.</i> Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.</p></div><div id="LM899.Effects_in_Breastfed_Infants"><h3>Effects in Breastfed Infants</h3><p>Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.</p></div><div id="LM899.Effects_on_Lactation_and_Breastmil"><h3>Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk</h3><p>Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.</p></div><div id="LM899.References"><h3>References</h3><dl class="temp-labeled-list"><dt>1.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM899.REF.1">Perri
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D, Dugoua
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JJ, Mills
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E, et al.
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Safety and efficacy of echinacea (<em>Echinacea augustafolia, E. purpurea</em> and <em>E. pallida</em>) during pregnancy and lactation.
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Can J Clin Pharmacol
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2006;13:e262-7.
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[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17085774" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17085774</span></a>]</div></dd><dt>2.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM899.REF.2">Niazi
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A, Rahimi
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VB, Soheili-Far
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S, et al.
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A systematic review on prevention and treatment of nipple pain and fissure: Are they curable?
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J Pharmacopuncture
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2018;21:139-50.
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[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6168189/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC6168189</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30283701" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30283701</span></a>]</div></dd><dt>3.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM899.REF.3">As'adi
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N, Kariman
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N. Herbal prevention and treatment of nipple trauma and/or pain in Iranian studies: A systematic review.
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J Herbmed Pharmacol
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2018;7:168-75. doi:10.15171/jhp.2018.28 [<a href="http://dx.crossref.org/10.15171/jhp.2018.28" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">CrossRef</a>]</div></dd><dt>4.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM899.REF.4">Pezeshki
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B, Pouredalati
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M, Zolala
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S, et al.
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Comparison of the effect of aloe vera extract, breast milk, calendit-E, curcumin, lanolin, olive oil, and purslane on healing of breast fissure in lactating mothers: A systematic review.
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International Journal of Pediatrics (Mashhad)
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2020;8:10853-63. doi:10.22038/ijp.2020.46125.3760 [<a href="http://dx.crossref.org/10.22038/ijp.2020.46125.3760" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">CrossRef</a>]</div></dd><dt>5.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM899.REF.5">Matthias
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A, Merika
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H, Addison
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RS, et al.
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Bioavailability of <em>Echinacea</em> alkamides in human breast milk.
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Planta Med
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2008;74:921. doi:10.1055/s-002-12952 [<a href="http://dx.crossref.org/10.1055/s-002-12952" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">CrossRef</a>]</div></dd></dl></div></div><div id="LM899.Substance_Identification"><h2 id="_LM899_Substance_Identification_">Substance Identification</h2><div id="LM899.Substance_Name"><h3>Substance Name</h3><p>Echinacea</p></div><div id="LM899.Scientific_Name"><h3>Scientific Name</h3><p>Echinacea angustifolia; Echinacea purpurea; Echinacea pallida</p></div><div id="LM899.CAS_Registry_Number"><h3>CAS Registry Number</h3><p>84696-11-7; 90028-20-9; 97281-15-7</p></div><div id="LM899.Drug_Class"><h3>Drug Class</h3><p>Breast Feeding</p><p>Lactation</p><p>Milk, Human</p><p>Complementary Therapies</p><p>Phytotherapy</p><p>Plants, Medicinal</p></div></div><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_top_margin"><p><b>Disclaimer: </b>Information presented in this database is not meant as a substitute for professional judgment. You should consult your healthcare provider for breastfeeding advice related to your particular situation. The U.S. government does not warrant or assume any liability or responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the information on this Site.</p></p></div></dd></dl></div><div id="bk_toc_contnr"></div></div></div>
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