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<div class="pre-content"><div><div class="bk_prnt"><p class="small">NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.</p><p>Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed®) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; 2006-. </p></div></div></div>
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<div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK501316_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">Tinidazole</span></h1><p class="small">Last Revision: <span itemprop="dateModified">March 17, 2021</span>.</p><p><em>Estimated reading time: 2 minutes</em></p></div><div class="body-content whole_rhythm" itemprop="text"><p>CASRN: 19387-91-8</p><a href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/substance/134992666" title="View this structure in PubChem" class="img_link" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubchem"><img src="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/image/imgsrv.fcgi?t=l&sid=134992666" alt="image 134992666 in the ncbi pubchem database" /></a><div id="LM441.Drug_Levels_and_Effects"><h2 id="_LM441_Drug_Levels_and_Effects_">Drug Levels and Effects</h2><div id="LM441.Summary_of_Use_during_Lactation"><h3>Summary of Use during Lactation</h3><p>Amounts of tinidazole in milk are less than doses given to infants. Measurements of infant plasma levels during breastfeeding have not been reported. No studies have evaluated adverse effects of tinidazole on the infant during breastfeeding, but presumably they are similar to those of the closely related drug, metronidazole, such as increased risk of oral and rectal <i>Candida</i> infections.</p><p>As with metronidazole, concern has been raised about exposure of healthy infants to tinidazole via breastmilk,[<a class="bk_pop" href="#LM441.REF.1">1</a>] because of possible mutagenicity and carcinogenicity. Opinions vary among experts on the advisability of using tinidazole during longer-term therapy while breastfeeding, but avoidance of breastfeeding for 3 days after a single dose should allow milk levels to drop to negligible values.[<a class="bk_pop" href="#LM441.REF.2">2</a>] Other drugs are available for bacterial vaginosis, and can be given vaginally, which should result in lower amounts in breastmilk.</p></div><div id="LM441.Drug_Levels"><h3>Drug Levels</h3><p><i>Maternal Levels.</i> Three women were given tinidazole 150 orally twice daily starting on day 4 postpartum. On day 7, milk samples were collected at 2, 5 and 9 hours after a dose. Breastmilk concentrations ranged between 5.8 and 12.7 mg/L.[<a class="bk_pop" href="#LM441.REF.3">3</a>]</p><p>Twenty-four women who delivered by cesarean section were given a single intravenous dose of tinidazole 500 mg after cord clamping. Colostrum levels of tinidazole averaged 5.8 mg/L at 12 hours after the dose, 3.5 mg/L at 24 hours, 1.2 mg/L at 48 hours and 0.3 mg/L at 72 hours after the dose. The drug was barely detectable 96 hours after the dose. Only slight differences existed between concentrations in fore- and hindmilk.[<a class="bk_pop" href="#LM441.REF.4">4</a>]</p><p>Five women who delivered by cesarean section were given a single intravenous dose of tinidazole 1600 mg after cord clamping. Milk concentrations and volumes were measured for 96 hours after the dose. The authors concluded that milk concentrations would be sufficiently low to commence breastfeeding 72 hours after the dose.[<a class="bk_pop" href="#LM441.REF.2">2</a>]</p><p><i>Infant Levels.</i> Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.</p></div><div id="LM441.Effects_in_Breastfed_Infants"><h3>Effects in Breastfed Infants</h3><p>Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.</p></div><div id="LM441.Effects_on_Lactation_and_Breastmil"><h3>Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk</h3><p>Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.</p></div><div id="LM441.Alternate_Drugs_to_Consider"><h3>Alternate Drugs to Consider</h3><p>(Anaerobic bacterial infections) <a href="/books/n/lactmed/LM12/">Amoxicillin and Clavulanic Acid</a>, <a href="/books/n/lactmed/LM343/">Clindamycin</a>, <a href="/books/n/lactmed/LM100/">Doxycycline</a>; (Bacterial Vaginosis) <a href="/books/n/lactmed/LM343/">Clindamycin</a>, <a href="/books/n/lactmed/LM440/">Metronidazole</a>; (Giardiasis) <a href="/books/n/lactmed/LM440/">Metronidazole</a></p></div><div id="LM441.References"><h3>References</h3><dl class="temp-labeled-list"><dt>1.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM441.REF.1">American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Drugs. The transfer of drugs and other chemicals into human milk. <span><span class="ref-journal">Pediatrics. </span>2001;<span class="ref-vol">108</span>:776–89.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8265310" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 8265310</span></a>]</div></dd><dt>2.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM441.REF.2">Evaldson GR, Lindgren S, Nord CE, et al. Tinidazole milk excretion and pharmacokinetics in lactating women. <span><span class="ref-journal">Br J Clin Pharmacol. </span>1985;<span class="ref-vol">19</span>:503–7.</span> [<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1463824/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC1463824</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4039599" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 4039599</span></a>]</div></dd><dt>3.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM441.REF.3">Wood BA, Faulkner JK, Monro AM. The pharmacokinetics, metabolism and tissue distribution of tinidazole. <span><span class="ref-journal">J Antimicrob Chemother. </span>1982;<span class="ref-vol">10</span> Suppl A:43–57.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7118775" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 7118775</span></a>]</div></dd><dt>4.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM441.REF.4">Männistö PT, Karhunen M, Koskela O, et al. Concentrations of tinidazole in breast milk. <span><span class="ref-journal">Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh). </span>1983;<span class="ref-vol">53</span>:254–6.</span> [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6356785" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 6356785</span></a>]</div></dd></dl></div></div><div id="LM441.Substance_Identification"><h2 id="_LM441_Substance_Identification_">Substance Identification</h2><div id="LM441.Substance_Name"><h3>Substance Name</h3><p>Tinidazole</p></div><div id="LM441.CAS_Registry_Number"><h3>CAS Registry Number</h3><p>19387-91-8</p></div><div id="LM441.Drug_Class"><h3>Drug Class</h3><p>Breast Feeding</p><p>Lactation</p><p>Anti-Infective Agents</p><p>Antibacterial Agents</p><p>Antiprotozoal Agents</p><p>Nitroimidazoles</p></div></div><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_top_margin"><p><b>Disclaimer: </b>Information presented in this database is not meant as a substitute for professional judgment. You should consult your healthcare provider for breastfeeding advice related to your particular situation. The U.S. government does not warrant or assume any liability or responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the information on this Site.</p></p></div></dd></dl></div><div id="bk_toc_contnr"></div></div></div>
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