296 lines
45 KiB
Text
296 lines
45 KiB
Text
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
|
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" class="no-js no-jr">
|
|
<head>
|
|
<!-- For pinger, set start time and add meta elements. -->
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">var ncbi_startTime = new Date();</script>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Logger begin -->
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_db" content="books">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_pdid" content="book-part">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_acc" content="NBK501296">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_domain" content="lactmed">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_report" content="reader">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_type" content="fulltext">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_objectid" content="">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_pcid" content="/NBK501296/?report=reader">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_pagename" content="Estradiol - Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed®) - NCBI Bookshelf">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_bookparttype" content="chapter">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_app" content="bookshelf">
|
|
<!-- Logger end -->
|
|
|
|
<!--component id="Page" label="meta"/-->
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.boots.min.js"> </script><title>Estradiol - Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed®) - NCBI Bookshelf</title>
|
|
<meta charset="utf-8">
|
|
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="no">
|
|
<meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1,minimum-scale=1,maximum-scale=1,user-scalable=no">
|
|
<meta name="jr-col-layout" content="auto">
|
|
<meta name="jr-prev-unit" content="/books/n/lactmed/LM842/?report=reader">
|
|
<meta name="jr-next-unit" content="/books/n/lactmed/LM852/?report=reader">
|
|
<meta name="bk-toc-url" content="/books/n/lactmed/?report=toc">
|
|
<meta name="robots" content="INDEX,FOLLOW,NOARCHIVE">
|
|
<meta name="citation_inbook_title" content="Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed®) [Internet]">
|
|
<meta name="citation_title" content="Estradiol">
|
|
<meta name="citation_publisher" content="National Institute of Child Health and Human Development">
|
|
<meta name="citation_date" content="2025/02/15">
|
|
<meta name="citation_pmid" content="30000355">
|
|
<meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK501296/">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="estradiol">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="beta-Estradiol">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="17beta-Estradiol">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Oestradiol">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Dihydrofolliculin">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Estrace">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Ovocyclin">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="progynon">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Dihydroxyestrin">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Dihydrotheelin">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Gynoestryl">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Diogynets">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Aquadiol">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Gynergon">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Vivelle">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Diogyn">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Oestroglandol">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Dimenformon">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Follicyclin">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Perlatanol">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Estrovite">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Femestral">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Ginosedol">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Macrodiol">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Oestergon">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Ovahormon">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Ovasterol">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Ovastevol">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Profoliol">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Aerodiol">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Corpagen">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Primofol">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Bardiol">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Climara">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Divigel">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Femogen">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Lamdiol">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Syndiol">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Vagifem">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Altrad">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Evorel">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Dihydromenformon">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Estraldine">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Estraderm">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Estroclim">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Trocosone">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Estrogel">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Menorest">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Nordicol">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Zumenon">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Systen">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="estradiol-17beta">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Dermestril">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Ovocycline">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Climaderm">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Compudose">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Estraderm TTS">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Estrasorb">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Estring">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Oesclim">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Encore">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Menest">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Dihydroxyoestrin">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Oestrogynal">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Progynon DH">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Ovociclina">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Gynestrel">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Microdiol">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Tradelia">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Innofem">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Zerella">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Macrol">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Alora">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="SK-Estrogens">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Progynon-DH">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Extrasorb">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Elestrin">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Estrifam">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Fempatch">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Ginedisc">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Gynodiol">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Estreva">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Femtran Esclim">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="GynPolar">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Estroclim 50">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Estrofem Forte">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Oestradiolum">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Estradiolum">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Sandrena Gel">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Evamist">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Zesteem">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Sisare Gel">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Trial SAT">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Theelin, dihydro-">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Estring vaginal ring">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Climara Forte">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Estrofem 2">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Estrodiolum">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Combipatch">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Estradiolo">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Compudose 200">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Compudose 365">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Menostar">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Oestradiol Berco">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Estraderm MX">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Dihydrofollicular hormone">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Activella">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Minivelle">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Yuvvexy">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Oestradiol-17beta">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Estrapak 50">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Estraderm TTS 50">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Climara Pro">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="VIVELLE-DOT">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Elestrim">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Angeliq">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Myfembree">
|
|
<meta name="citation_keywords" content="(8R,9S,13S,14S,17S)-13-methyl-6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,17-diol">
|
|
<link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/">
|
|
<meta name="DC.Title" content="Estradiol">
|
|
<meta name="DC.Type" content="Text">
|
|
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="National Institute of Child Health and Human Development">
|
|
<meta name="DC.Date" content="2025/02/15">
|
|
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK501296/">
|
|
<meta name="description" content="Limited information on the use of estradiol during breastfeeding indicates that the route of administration and dosage form have influences on the amount transferred into breastmilk. Vaginal administration results in measurable amounts in milk, but transdermal patches do not. Maternal doses of up to 200 mcg daily transdermally do not increase estradiol or estriol in breastfed infants or cause any adverse effects in breastfed infants. Vaginal administration results in unpredictable peak times for estradiol in breastmilk, so timing of the dose with respect to breastfeeding is probably not useful. Milk estradiol levels have not been studied after use of the estradiol gel, but maternal blood levels only increase slightly in a dose-dependent manner.">
|
|
<meta name="og:title" content="Estradiol">
|
|
<meta name="og:type" content="book">
|
|
<meta name="og:description" content="Limited information on the use of estradiol during breastfeeding indicates that the route of administration and dosage form have influences on the amount transferred into breastmilk. Vaginal administration results in measurable amounts in milk, but transdermal patches do not. Maternal doses of up to 200 mcg daily transdermally do not increase estradiol or estriol in breastfed infants or cause any adverse effects in breastfed infants. Vaginal administration results in unpredictable peak times for estradiol in breastmilk, so timing of the dose with respect to breastfeeding is probably not useful. Milk estradiol levels have not been studied after use of the estradiol gel, but maternal blood levels only increase slightly in a dose-dependent manner.">
|
|
<meta name="og:url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK501296/">
|
|
<meta name="og:site_name" content="NCBI Bookshelf">
|
|
<meta name="og:image" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-lactmed-lrg.png">
|
|
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary">
|
|
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@ncbibooks">
|
|
<meta name="bk-non-canon-loc" content="/books/n/lactmed/LM423/?report=reader">
|
|
<link rel="canonical" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK501296/">
|
|
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Archivo+Narrow:400,700,400italic,700italic&subset=latin" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/css/libs.min.css">
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/css/jr.min.css">
|
|
<meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no">
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books.min.css" type="text/css">
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css//books_print.min.css" type="text/css" media="print">
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books_reader.min.css" type="text/css">
|
|
<style type="text/css">p a.figpopup{display:inline !important} .bk_tt {font-family: monospace} .first-line-outdent .bk_ref {display: inline} .body-content h2, .body-content .h2 {border-bottom: 1px solid #97B0C8} .body-content h2.inline {border-bottom: none} a.page-toc-label , .jig-ncbismoothscroll a {text-decoration:none;border:0 !important} .temp-labeled-list .graphic {display:inline-block !important} .temp-labeled-list img{width:100%}</style>
|
|
|
|
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/favicon.ico">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_phid" content="CE8B44CF7D81C461000000000055004B.m_5">
|
|
<meta name='referrer' content='origin-when-cross-origin'/><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4216699/css/3852956/3849091.css"></head>
|
|
<body>
|
|
<!-- Book content! -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="jr" data-jr-path="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/"><div class="jr-unsupported"><table class="modal"><tr><td><span class="attn inline-block"></span><br />Your browser does not support the NLM PubReader view.<br />Go to <a href="/pmc/about/pr-browsers/">this page</a> to see a list of supported browsers<br />or return to the <br /><a href="/books/NBK501296/?report=classic">regular view</a>.</td></tr></table></div><div id="jr-ui" class="hidden"><nav id="jr-head"><div class="flexh tb"><div id="jr-tb1"><a id="jr-links-sw" class="hidden" title="Links"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 70.6 85.3" style="enable-background:new 0 0 70.6 85.3;vertical-align:middle" xml:space="preserve" width="24" height="24">
|
|
<style type="text/css">.st0{fill:#939598;}</style>
|
|
<g>
|
|
<path class="st0" d="M36,0C12.8,2.2-22.4,14.6,19.6,32.5C40.7,41.4-30.6,14,35.9,9.8"></path>
|
|
<path class="st0" d="M34.5,85.3c23.2-2.2,58.4-14.6,16.4-32.5c-21.1-8.9,50.2,18.5-16.3,22.7"></path>
|
|
<path class="st0" d="M34.7,37.1c66.5-4.2-4.8-31.6,16.3-22.7c42.1,17.9,6.9,30.3-16.4,32.5h1.7c-66.2,4.4,4.8,31.6-16.3,22.7 c-42.1-17.9-6.9-30.3,16.4-32.5"></path>
|
|
</g>
|
|
</svg> Books</a></div><div class="jr-rhead f1 flexh"><div class="head"><a href="/books/n/lactmed/LM842/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M75,30 c-80,60 -80,0 0,60 c-30,-60 -30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Prev</text></svg></a></div><div class="body"><div class="t">Estradiol</div><div class="j">Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed®) [Internet]</div></div><div class="tail"><a href="/books/n/lactmed/LM852/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M25,30c80,60 80,0 0,60 c30,-60 30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Next</text></svg></a></div></div><div id="jr-tb2"><a id="jr-bkhelp-sw" class="btn wsprkl hidden" title="Help with NLM PubReader">?</a><a id="jr-help-sw" class="btn wsprkl hidden" title="Settings and typography in NLM PubReader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M462,283.742v-55.485l-29.981-10.662c-11.431-4.065-20.628-12.794-25.274-24.001 c-0.002-0.004-0.004-0.009-0.006-0.013c-4.659-11.235-4.333-23.918,0.889-34.903l13.653-28.724l-39.234-39.234l-28.72,13.652 c-10.979,5.219-23.68,5.546-34.908,0.889c-0.005-0.002-0.01-0.003-0.014-0.005c-11.215-4.65-19.933-13.834-24-25.273L283.741,50 h-55.484l-10.662,29.981c-4.065,11.431-12.794,20.627-24.001,25.274c-0.005,0.002-0.009,0.004-0.014,0.005 c-11.235,4.66-23.919,4.333-34.905-0.889l-28.723-13.653l-39.234,39.234l13.653,28.721c5.219,10.979,5.545,23.681,0.889,34.91 c-0.002,0.004-0.004,0.009-0.006,0.013c-4.649,11.214-13.834,19.931-25.271,23.998L50,228.257v55.485l29.98,10.661 c11.431,4.065,20.627,12.794,25.274,24c0.002,0.005,0.003,0.01,0.005,0.014c4.66,11.236,4.334,23.921-0.888,34.906l-13.654,28.723 l39.234,39.234l28.721-13.652c10.979-5.219,23.681-5.546,34.909-0.889c0.005,0.002,0.01,0.004,0.014,0.006 c11.214,4.649,19.93,13.833,23.998,25.271L228.257,462h55.484l10.595-29.79c4.103-11.538,12.908-20.824,24.216-25.525 c0.005-0.002,0.009-0.004,0.014-0.006c11.127-4.628,23.694-4.311,34.578,0.863l28.902,13.738l39.234-39.234l-13.66-28.737 c-5.214-10.969-5.539-23.659-0.886-34.877c0.002-0.005,0.004-0.009,0.006-0.014c4.654-11.225,13.848-19.949,25.297-24.021 L462,283.742z M256,331.546c-41.724,0-75.548-33.823-75.548-75.546s33.824-75.547,75.548-75.547 c41.723,0,75.546,33.824,75.546,75.547S297.723,331.546,256,331.546z"></path></svg></a><a id="jr-fip-sw" class="btn wsprkl hidden" title="Find"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 550 600" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path fill="none" stroke="#000" stroke-width="36" stroke-linecap="round" style="fill:#FFF" d="m320,350a153,153 0 1,0-2,2l170,170m-91-117 110,110-26,26-110-110"></path></svg></a><a id="jr-rtoc-sw" class="btn wsprkl hidden" title="Table of Contents"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M20,20h10v8H20V20zM36,20h44v8H36V20zM20,37.33h10v8H20V37.33zM36,37.33h44v8H36V37.33zM20,54.66h10v8H20V54.66zM36,54.66h44v8H36V54.66zM20,72h10v8 H20V72zM36,72h44v8H36V72z"></path></svg></a></div></div></nav><nav id="jr-dash" class="noselect"><nav id="jr-dash" class="noselect"><div id="jr-pi" class="hidden"><a id="jr-pi-prev" class="hidden" title="Previous page"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M75,30 c-80,60 -80,0 0,60 c-30,-60 -30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Prev</text></svg></a><div class="pginfo">Page <i class="jr-pg-pn">0</i> of <i class="jr-pg-lp">0</i></div><a id="jr-pi-next" class="hidden" title="Next page"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M25,30c80,60 80,0 0,60 c30,-60 30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Next</text></svg></a></div><div id="jr-is-tb"><a id="jr-is-sw" class="btn wsprkl hidden" title="Switch between Figures/Tables strip and Progress bar"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><rect x="10" y="40" width="20" height="20"></rect><rect x="40" y="40" width="20" height="20"></rect><rect x="70" y="40" width="20" height="20"></rect></svg></a></div><nav id="jr-istrip" class="istrip hidden"><a id="jr-is-prev" href="#" class="hidden" title="Previous"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M80,40 60,65 80,90 70,90 50,65 70,40z M50,40 30,65 50,90 40,90 20,65 40,40z"></path><text x="35" y="25" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Prev</text></svg></a><a id="jr-is-next" href="#" class="hidden" title="Next"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M20,40 40,65 20,90 30,90 50,65 30,40z M50,40 70,65 50,90 60,90 80,65 60,40z"></path><text x="15" y="25" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Next</text></svg></a></nav><nav id="jr-progress"></nav></nav></nav><aside id="jr-links-p" class="hidden flexv"><div class="tb sk-htbar flexh"><div><a class="jr-p-close btn wsprkl">Done</a></div><div class="title-text f1">NCBI Bookshelf</div></div><div class="cnt lol f1"><a href="/books/">Home</a><a href="/books/browse/">Browse All Titles</a><a class="btn share" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK501296/"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 33 33" style="vertical-align:middle" width="24" height="24" preserveAspectRatio="none"><g><path d="M 17.996,32L 12,32 L 12,16 l-4,0 l0-5.514 l 4-0.002l-0.006-3.248C 11.993,2.737, 13.213,0, 18.512,0l 4.412,0 l0,5.515 l-2.757,0 c-2.063,0-2.163,0.77-2.163,2.209l-0.008,2.76l 4.959,0 l-0.585,5.514L 18,16L 17.996,32z"></path></g></svg> Share on Facebook</a><a class="btn share" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK501296/&text=Estradiol"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 33 33" style="vertical-align:middle" width="24" height="24"><g><path d="M 32,6.076c-1.177,0.522-2.443,0.875-3.771,1.034c 1.355-0.813, 2.396-2.099, 2.887-3.632 c-1.269,0.752-2.674,1.299-4.169,1.593c-1.198-1.276-2.904-2.073-4.792-2.073c-3.626,0-6.565,2.939-6.565,6.565 c0,0.515, 0.058,1.016, 0.17,1.496c-5.456-0.274-10.294-2.888-13.532-6.86c-0.565,0.97-0.889,2.097-0.889,3.301 c0,2.278, 1.159,4.287, 2.921,5.465c-1.076-0.034-2.088-0.329-2.974-0.821c-0.001,0.027-0.001,0.055-0.001,0.083 c0,3.181, 2.263,5.834, 5.266,6.438c-0.551,0.15-1.131,0.23-1.73,0.23c-0.423,0-0.834-0.041-1.235-0.118 c 0.836,2.608, 3.26,4.506, 6.133,4.559c-2.247,1.761-5.078,2.81-8.154,2.81c-0.53,0-1.052-0.031-1.566-0.092 c 2.905,1.863, 6.356,2.95, 10.064,2.95c 12.076,0, 18.679-10.004, 18.679-18.68c0-0.285-0.006-0.568-0.019-0.849 C 30.007,8.548, 31.12,7.392, 32,6.076z"></path></g></svg> Share on Twitter</a></div></aside><aside id="jr-rtoc-p" class="hidden flexv"><div class="tb sk-htbar flexh"><div><a class="jr-p-close btn wsprkl">Done</a></div><div class="title-text f1">Table of Content</div></div><div class="cnt lol f1"><a href="/books/n/lactmed/?report=reader">Title Information</a><a href="/books/n/lactmed/toc/?report=reader">Table of Contents Page</a></div></aside><aside id="jr-help-p" class="hidden flexv"><div class="tb sk-htbar flexh"><div><a class="jr-p-close btn wsprkl">Done</a></div><div class="title-text f1">Settings</div></div><div class="cnt f1"><div id="jr-typo-p" class="typo"><div><a class="sf btn wsprkl">A-</a><a class="lf btn wsprkl">A+</a></div><div><a class="bcol-auto btn wsprkl"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 200 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><text x="10" y="70" style="font-size:60px;font-family: Trebuchet MS, ArialMT, Arial, sans-serif" textLength="180">AUTO</text></svg></a><a class="bcol-1 btn wsprkl"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M15,25 85,25zM15,40 85,40zM15,55 85,55zM15,70 85,70z"></path></svg></a><a class="bcol-2 btn wsprkl"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M5,25 45,25z M55,25 95,25zM5,40 45,40z M55,40 95,40zM5,55 45,55z M55,55 95,55zM5,70 45,70z M55,70 95,70z"></path></svg></a></div></div><div class="lol"><a class="" href="/books/NBK501296/?report=classic">Switch to classic view</a><a href="/books/NBK501296/pdf/Bookshelf_NBK501296.pdf">PDF (122K)</a><a href="/books/NBK501296/?report=printable">Print View</a></div></div></aside><aside id="jr-bkhelp-p" class="hidden flexv"><div class="tb sk-htbar flexh"><div><a class="jr-p-close btn wsprkl">Done</a></div><div class="title-text f1">Help</div></div><div class="cnt f1 lol"><a id="jr-helpobj-sw" data-path="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/" data-href="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/img/bookshelf/help.xml" href="">Help</a><a href="mailto:info@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov?subject=PubReader%20feedback%20%2F%20NBK501296%20%2F%20sid%3ACE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID%20%2F%20phid%3ACE8B44CF7D81C461000000000055004B.4">Send us feedback</a><a id="jr-about-sw" data-path="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/" data-href="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/img/bookshelf/about.xml" href="">About PubReader</a></div></aside><aside id="jr-objectbox" class="thidden hidden"><div class="jr-objectbox-close wsprkl">✘</div><div class="jr-objectbox-inner cnt"><div class="jr-objectbox-drawer"></div></div></aside><nav id="jr-pm-left" class="hidden"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 40 800" preserveAspectRatio="none"><text font-stretch="ultra-condensed" x="800" y="-15" text-anchor="end" transform="rotate(90)" font-size="18" letter-spacing=".1em">Previous Page</text></svg></nav><nav id="jr-pm-right" class="hidden"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 40 800" preserveAspectRatio="none"><text font-stretch="ultra-condensed" x="800" y="-15" text-anchor="end" transform="rotate(90)" font-size="18" letter-spacing=".1em">Next Page</text></svg></nav><nav id="jr-fip" class="hidden"><nav id="jr-fip-term-p"><input type="search" placeholder="search this page" id="jr-fip-term" autocorrect="off" autocomplete="off" /><a id="jr-fip-mg" class="wsprkl btn" title="Find"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 550 600" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path fill="none" stroke="#000" stroke-width="36" stroke-linecap="round" style="fill:#FFF" d="m320,350a153,153 0 1,0-2,2l170,170m-91-117 110,110-26,26-110-110"></path></svg></a><a id="jr-fip-done" class="wsprkl btn" title="Dismiss find">✘</a></nav><nav id="jr-fip-info-p"><a id="jr-fip-prev" class="wsprkl btn" title="Jump to previuos match">◀</a><button id="jr-fip-matches">no matches yet</button><a id="jr-fip-next" class="wsprkl btn" title="Jump to next match">▶</a></nav></nav></div><div id="jr-epub-interstitial" class="hidden"></div><div id="jr-content"><article data-type="main"><div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><div class="fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK501296_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">Estradiol</span></h1><p class="fm-aai"><a href="#_NBK501296_pubdet_">Publication Details</a></p><p><em>Estimated reading time: 6 minutes</em></p></div></div><div class="jig-ncbiinpagenav body-content whole_rhythm" data-jigconfig="allHeadingLevels: ['h2'],smoothScroll: false" itemprop="text"><p>CASRN: 50-28-2</p><a href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/substance/134971177" title="View this structure in PubChem" class="img_link" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubchem"><img src="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/image/imgsrv.fcgi?t=l&sid=134971177" alt="image 134971177 in the ncbi pubchem database" /></a><div id="LM423.Drug_Levels_and_Effects"><h2 id="_LM423_Drug_Levels_and_Effects_">Drug Levels and Effects</h2><div id="LM423.Summary_of_Use_during_Lactation"><h3>Summary of Use during Lactation</h3><p>Limited information on the use of estradiol during breastfeeding indicates that the route of administration and dosage form have influences on the amount transferred into breastmilk. Vaginal administration results in measurable amounts in milk, but transdermal patches do not. Maternal doses of up to 200 mcg daily transdermally do not increase estradiol or estriol in breastfed infants or cause any adverse effects in breastfed infants. Vaginal administration results in unpredictable peak times for estradiol in breastmilk, so timing of the dose with respect to breastfeeding is probably not useful. Milk estradiol levels have not been studied after use of the estradiol gel, but maternal blood levels only increase slightly in a dose-dependent manner.</p><p>Estrogens can decrease the milk supply, especially if started before the milk supply is well established at about 6 weeks postpartum. The decrease can happen over the first few days of estrogen exposure.[<a class="bibr" href="#LM423.REF.1" rid="LM423.REF.1">1</a>] A case report of inadequate milk production and inadequate infant weight gain was possibly caused by transdermal estradiol initiated on the first day postpartum, but 2 small studies found no such effect when the drug was initiated after lactation was well established.</p></div><div id="LM423.Drug_Levels"><h3>Drug Levels</h3><p><i>Maternal Levels.</i> Six women who were 6 or more months postpartum were given a vaginal suppository containing 50 or 100 mg of estradiol. In 3 of the 6 women, peak milk levels occurred 3 hours after the dose. In 2 others, the peak level occurred 7 hours after the dose and in the sixth, the peak occurred 11 hours after the dose. Peak milk levels were about 100 ng/L in 4 women, in one it was 300 ng/L and in the sixth, it was 1000 ng/L.[<a class="bibr" href="#LM423.REF.2" rid="LM423.REF.2">2</a>]</p><p>Twenty-one women who were 20 weeks postpartum and breastfeeding their infants were randomized to receive a transdermal patch that released estradiol 50 mcg (n = 7), 75 mcg (n = 5) or 100 mcg (n = 6) daily or placebo (n = 4) for 2 weeks. Breastmilk and serum samples were collected at the beginning and end of the study. Serum estradiol levels increased slightly from baseline, but the differences were not statistically significant; serum levels were in the range of 25 to 45 ng/L. Estradiol was undetectable (<6.8 ng/L) in all breastmilk samples.[<a class="bibr" href="#LM423.REF.3" rid="LM423.REF.3">3</a>]</p><p><i>Infant Levels.</i> Six nursing mothers received transdermal estradiol as part of a study comparing estradiol to sertraline and placebo for postpartum depression. The mothers received estradiol dosages between 50 and 200 mcg daily (mean 133 mcg daily) at the time of serum level analysis at 4 and 8 weeks of therapy. Four of the 6 infants were exclusively breastfed and the other two were more than 50% breastfed. All infants had undetectable (<2.5 ng/L) serum estriol concentrations and 4 of the 6 had undetectable (<2.5 ng/L) serum estradiol concentrations. The other two had estradiol concentrations of 7 and 7.1 ng/L. The serum estriol and estradiol concentrations were not significantly different from breastfed infants in the placebo or sertraline arms of the study. No correlation was found between maternal and infant serum concentrations of estriol or estradiol.[<a class="bibr" href="#LM423.REF.4" rid="LM423.REF.4">4</a>]</p></div><div id="LM423.Effects_in_Breastfed_Infants"><h3>Effects in Breastfed Infants</h3><p>A mother who had severe postpartum depression with 2 previous infants was prescribed a transdermal estradiol patch that released 50 mcg daily beginning on day 1 postpartum to prevent recurrence of depression. At 11 days of age, the infant was jaundiced and had gained only 60 grams since birth. With more frequent nursing, weight gain improved, but remained inadequate until day 28 when the estradiol was discontinued. The infant then experienced above average weight gain through day 66 postpartum. The delayed and reduced weight gain was possibly caused by estradiol.[<a class="bibr" href="#LM423.REF.5" rid="LM423.REF.5">5</a>]</p><p>Six nursing mothers received transdermal estradiol as part of a study comparing estradiol to sertraline and placebo for postpartum depression. The mothers received estradiol dosages between 50 and 200 mcg daily (mean 133 mcg daily) at the time of serum level analysis at 4 and 8 weeks of therapy. Four of the 6 infants were exclusively breastfed and the other two were more than 50% breastfed. There was no difference in infant length, weight, and head circumference nor in the average daily gains in any of these parameters between treatments.[<a class="bibr" href="#LM423.REF.4" rid="LM423.REF.4">4</a>]</p></div><div id="LM423.Effects_on_Lactation_and_Breastmil"><h3>Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk</h3><p>Thirteen women who were 12 weeks postpartum and fully breastfeeding their infants were given a transdermal patch that released 100 mcg of estradiol daily. The average number of breast feeds per day did not change significantly during 3 days of patch application.[<a class="bibr" href="#LM423.REF.6" rid="LM423.REF.6">6</a>]</p><p>Nineteen women who were 6 weeks postpartum, using a barrier contraceptive method and breastfeeding their infants were randomized to transdermal patches that released estradiol 50 mcg daily or placebo patches for 12 weeks. An additional control group received no patches. The number of breast feeds per day decreased in all groups over the course of the study, but there were no important differences among the groups.[<a class="bibr" href="#LM423.REF.7" rid="LM423.REF.7">7</a>]</p><p>A retrospective cohort study compared 371 women who received high-dose estrogen (either 3 mg of diethylstilbestrol or 150 mcg of ethinyl estradiol daily) during adolescence for adult height reduction to 409 women who did not receive estrogen. No difference in breastfeeding duration was found between the two groups, indicating that high-dose estrogen during adolescence has no effect on later breastfeeding.[<a class="bibr" href="#LM423.REF.8" rid="LM423.REF.8">8</a>]</p><p>A transgender woman took and spironolactone 50 mg twice daily to suppress testosterone, domperidone 10 mg three times daily, increasing to 20 mg four times daily, oral micronized progesterone 200 mg daily and oral estradiol to 8 mg daily and pumped her breasts 6 times daily to induce lactation. After 3 months of treatment, estradiol regimen was changed to a 0.025 mg daily patch and the progesterone dose was lowered to 100 mg daily. Two weeks later, she began exclusively breastfeeding the newborn of her partner. Breastfeeding was exclusive for 6 weeks, during which the infant's growth, development and bowel habits were normal. The patient continued to partially breastfeed the infant for at least 6 months.[<a class="bibr" href="#LM423.REF.9" rid="LM423.REF.9">9</a>]</p><p>A transgender woman was taking sublingual estradiol 4 mg twice daily, spironolactone 100 mg twice daily and progesterone 200 mg at bedtime for gender-affirming therapy. In order to prepare for the birth of the infant being carried by her partner, sublingual estradiol was increased to 6 mg twice daily and progesterone was increased to 400 mg at bedtime. Domperidone 10 mg twice daily was also started to increase serum prolactin levels and later increased to 20 mg 4 times daily. Before the delivery date, progesterone was stopped, spironolactone was decreased to 100 mg daily and estradiol was changed to 25 mcg per day transdermally. At day 59 postpartum, estradiol was changed to 2 mg per day sublingually and spironolactone was increased to 100 mg twice daily. The patient was able to produce up to 240 mL of milk daily. The patient was able to produce up to 240 mL of milk daily containing typical macronutrient and oligosaccharide levels.[<a class="bibr" href="#LM423.REF.10" rid="LM423.REF.10">10</a>]</p><p>A transgender woman who wished to breastfeed was given estradiol transdermal patch 150 mcg daily and progesterone 100 mg daily by mouth. Later estradiol spray 100 mcg and domperidone 10 mg 4 times daily were added. Domperidone dosage was then doubled to 20 mg 4 times daily and progesterone was doubled to 100 mg twice daily. After further adjustment of estradiol and progesterone dosages, 7 mL of milk was produced with pumping, but 2 weeks after the infant’s birth, lactation induction was discontinued at the patient’s request.[<a class="bibr" href="#LM423.REF.11" rid="LM423.REF.11">11</a>]</p><p>A 50-year-old transgender woman wished to breastfeed her grandchild was taking baseline treatment with estradiol 0.3 mg transdermal patch every 72 hours and micronized progesterone 200 mg oral once daily. To initiate lactation, her estradiol dose was increased to a 0.4 mg transdermal patch every 72 hours and nipple stimulation was initiated. Later the patient’s progesterone was increased to 300 mg daily and metoclopramide oral 10 mg three times daily was initiated. She lactated for a total of two weeks and nursed the four-month-old infant on multiple occasions. Her peak milk production was 30 mL from her larger right breast, and 8 mL from her smaller left breast.[<a class="bibr" href="#LM423.REF.12" rid="LM423.REF.12">12</a>]</p><p>A 50-year-old transgender woman wished to breastfeed the expected infant of her partner. She was given estradiol in dosages increasing from 6 to 8 mg (6 mg oral and 2 mg gel) daily along with progesterone and domperidone to stimulate lactation. Progesterone was discontinued after 123 days of treatment. The patient was able to produce small quantities of milk and was able to directly breastfeed the infant.[<a class="bibr" href="#LM423.REF.13" rid="LM423.REF.13">13</a>]</p></div><div id="LM423.Alternate_Drugs_to_Consider"><h3>Alternate Drugs to Consider</h3><p>
|
|
<a href="/books/n/lactmed/LM420/?report=reader">Ethinyl Estradiol</a>
|
|
</p></div><div id="LM423.References"><h3>References</h3><dl class="temp-labeled-list"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM423.REF.1">Moses-Kolko
|
|
EL, Berga
|
|
SL, Kalro
|
|
B, et al.
|
|
Transdermal estradiol for postpartum depression: A promising treatment option.
|
|
Clin Obstet Gynecol
|
|
2009;52:516-29.
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC2782667/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC2782667</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19661765" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 19661765</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM423.REF.2">Nilsson
|
|
S, Nygren
|
|
KG, Johansson
|
|
ED. Transfer of estradiol to human milk.
|
|
Am J Obstet Gynecol
|
|
1978;132:653-7.
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/717472" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 717472</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM423.REF.3">Perheentupa
|
|
A, Ruokonen
|
|
A, Tapanainen
|
|
JS. Transdermal estradiol treatment suppresses serum gonadotropins during lactation without transfer into breast milk.
|
|
Fertil Steril
|
|
2004;82:903-7.
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15482766" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15482766</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM423.REF.4">Pinheiro
|
|
E, Bogen
|
|
DL, Hoxha
|
|
D, et al.
|
|
Transdermal estradiol treatment during breastfeeding: maternal and infant serum concentrations.
|
|
Arch Womens Ment Health
|
|
2016;19:409-13.
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC4641053/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC4641053</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25956588" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 25956588</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>5.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM423.REF.5">Ball
|
|
DE, Morrison
|
|
P. Oestrogen transdermal patches for post partum depression in lactating mothers--a case report.
|
|
Cent Afr J Med
|
|
1999;45:68-70.
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10565065" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 10565065</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>6.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM423.REF.6">Illingworth
|
|
PJ, Seaton
|
|
JE, McKinlay
|
|
C, et al.
|
|
Low dose transdermal oestradiol suppresses gonadotrophin secretion in breast-feeding women.
|
|
Hum Reprod
|
|
1995;10:1671-7.
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8582959" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 8582959</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>7.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM423.REF.7">Perheentupa
|
|
A, Critchley
|
|
HO, Illingworth
|
|
PJ, et al.
|
|
Enhanced sensitivity to steroid-negative feedback during breast-feeding: Low-dose estradiol (transdermal estradiol supplementation) suppresses gonadotropins and ovarian activity assessed by inhibin B.
|
|
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
|
|
2000;85:4280-6.
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11095468" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 11095468</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>8.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM423.REF.8">Jordan
|
|
HL, Bruinsma
|
|
FJ, Thomson
|
|
RJ, et al.
|
|
Adolescent exposure to high-dose estrogen and subsequent effects on lactation.
|
|
Reprod Toxicol
|
|
2007;24:397-402.
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17531440" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 17531440</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>9.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM423.REF.9">Reisman
|
|
T, Goldstein
|
|
Z.
|
|
Case report: Induced lactation in a transgender woman.
|
|
Transgend Health
|
|
2018;3:24-6.
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5779241/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC5779241</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29372185" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 29372185</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>10.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM423.REF.10">Delgado
|
|
D, Stellwagen
|
|
L, McCune
|
|
S, et al.
|
|
Experience of induced lactation in a transgender woman: Analysis of human milk and a suggested protocol.
|
|
Breastfeed Med
|
|
2023;18:888-93.
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37910800" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 37910800</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>11.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM423.REF.11">van Amesfoort
|
|
JE, Van Mello
|
|
NM, van Genugten
|
|
R. Lactation induction in a transgender woman: Case report and recommendations for clinical practice.
|
|
Int Breastfeed J
|
|
2024;19:18.
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10926588/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC10926588</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38462609" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 38462609</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>12.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM423.REF.12">Trahair
|
|
ED, Kokosa
|
|
S, Weinhold
|
|
A, et al.
|
|
Novel lactation induction protocol for a transgender woman wishing to breastfeed: A case report.
|
|
Breastfeed Med
|
|
2024;19:301-5.
|
|
[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38535753" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 38535753</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>13.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM423.REF.13">Ikebukuro
|
|
S, Tanaka
|
|
M, Kaneko
|
|
M, et al.
|
|
Induced lactation in a transgender woman: Case report.
|
|
Int Breastfeed J
|
|
2024;19:66.
|
|
[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11411746/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC11411746</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39300546" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 39300546</span></a>]</div></dd></dl></dl></div></div><div id="LM423.Substance_Identification"><h2 id="_LM423_Substance_Identification_">Substance Identification</h2><div id="LM423.Substance_Name"><h3>Substance Name</h3><p>Estradiol</p></div><div id="LM423.CAS_Registry_Number"><h3>CAS Registry Number</h3><p>50-28-2</p></div><div id="LM423.Drug_Class"><h3>Drug Class</h3><p>Breast Feeding</p><p>Lactation</p><p>Milk, Human</p><p>Estrogens</p><p>Hormones</p></div></div><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_top_margin"><p><b>Disclaimer: </b>Information presented in this database is not meant as a substitute for professional judgment. You should consult your healthcare provider for breastfeeding advice related to your particular situation. The U.S. government does not warrant or assume any liability or responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the information on this Site.</p></p></div></dd></dl></dl></div><div id="bk_toc_contnr"></div></div></div><div class="fm-sec"><h2 id="_NBK501296_pubdet_">Publication Details</h2><h3>Publication History</h3><p class="small">Last Revision: <span itemprop="dateModified">February 15, 2025</span>.</p><h3>Copyright</h3><div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright Notice</a><p class="small"><b>Attribution Statement:</b> LactMed is a registered trademark of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.</p></div></div><h3>Publisher</h3><p><a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/" ref="pagearea=page-banner&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher">National Institute of Child Health and Human Development</a>, Bethesda (MD)</p><h3>NLM Citation</h3><p>Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed®) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; 2006-. Estradiol. [Updated 2025 Feb 15].<span class="bk_cite_avail"></span></p></div><div class="small-screen-prev"><a href="/books/n/lactmed/LM842/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M75,30 c-80,60 -80,0 0,60 c-30,-60 -30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Prev</text></svg></a></div><div class="small-screen-next"><a href="/books/n/lactmed/LM852/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M25,30c80,60 80,0 0,60 c30,-60 30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Next</text></svg></a></div></article></div><div id="jr-scripts"><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/libs.min.js"> </script><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.min.js"> </script></div></div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Book content -->
|
|
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/rlib/js/InstrumentNCBIBaseJS/InstrumentPageStarterJS.js"> </script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- CE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID /projects/books/PBooks@9.11 portal104 v4.1.r689238 Tue, Oct 22 2024 16:10:51 -->
|
|
<span id="portal-csrf-token" style="display:none" data-token="CE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID"></span>
|
|
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4216699/js/3968615.js" snapshot="books"></script></body>
|
|
</html>
|