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<script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.boots.min.js"> </script><title>Baclofen - Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed®) - NCBI Bookshelf</title>
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<meta name="citation_inbook_title" content="Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed®) [Internet]">
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<meta name="citation_title" content="Baclofen">
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<meta name="citation_publisher" content="National Institute of Child Health and Human Development">
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<meta name="citation_date" content="2024/10/15">
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<meta name="citation_keywords" content="baclofen">
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<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Lioresal">
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<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Baclon">
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<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Kemstro">
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<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Gabalon">
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<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Baclofenum">
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<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Baclofene">
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<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Baclofeno">
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<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Atrofen">
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<meta name="citation_keywords" content="Gablofen">
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<meta name="citation_keywords" content="4-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)butanoic acid">
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<meta name="DC.Title" content="Baclofen">
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class="wsprkl btn" title="Jump to next match">▶</a></nav></nav></div><div id="jr-epub-interstitial" class="hidden"></div><div id="jr-content"><article data-type="main"><div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><div class="fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK501201_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">Baclofen</span></h1><p class="fm-aai"><a href="#_NBK501201_pubdet_">Publication Details</a></p><p><em>Estimated reading time: 2 minutes</em></p></div></div><div class="jig-ncbiinpagenav body-content whole_rhythm" data-jigconfig="allHeadingLevels: ['h2'],smoothScroll: false" itemprop="text"><p>CASRN: 1134-47-0</p><a href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/substance/134980970" title="View this structure in PubChem" class="img_link" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubchem"><img src="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/image/imgsrv.fcgi?t=l&sid=134980970" alt="image 134980970 in the ncbi pubchem database" /></a><div id="LM337.Drug_Levels_and_Effects"><h2 id="_LM337_Drug_Levels_and_Effects_">Drug Levels and Effects</h2><div id="LM337.Summary_of_Use_during_Lactation"><h3>Summary of Use during Lactation</h3><p>Limited information indicates that orally administered baclofen appears in low levels in milk and would not be expected to cause any adverse effects in breastfed infants, especially if the infant is older than 2 months. Monitor newborn infants for signs of sedation. Low intrathecal doses and topical application produce even lower milk levels and are unlikely to affect the nursing infant.</p></div><div id="LM337.Drug_Levels"><h3>Drug Levels</h3><p><i>Maternal Levels.</i> A woman with spastic paraplegia was given a single oral 20 mg dose of baclofen 14 days postpartum. A peak milk level of about 0.13 mg/L occurred 4 hours after the dose. The half-life in milk was 5.6 hours. The authors estimated that the total amount recovered in breastmilk over 26 hours was 22 mcg.[<a class="bibr" href="#LM337.REF.1" rid="LM337.REF.1">1</a>]</p><p>A woman with spinal cord injury was taking baclofen 20 mg four times at evenly spaced intervals between 0600 and 2200 daily during pregnancy and postpartum. Breast milk samples were collected at estimated trough (0530) and peak (2400) times on 3 consecutive days postpartum. Trough levels averaged 0.297 mg/L (range 0.28 to 0.32 mg/L). Peak levels averaged 0.343 mg/L (range 0.32 to 0.38 mg/L).[<a class="bibr" href="#LM337.REF.2" rid="LM337.REF.2">2</a>] Using the average of the peaks and troughs, a fully breastfed infant would receive a daily dosage of 0.048 mg/kg, which would be 3.6% of the maternal weight adjusted dosage.</p><p>A woman with long-standing spasticity and flexion myopathy from a head injury was given continuous baclofen infusion via intrathecal pump during pregnancy and postpartum at a dose of 330 mcg daily. One postpartum sample of breastmilk was analyzed and found to contain 0.617 mcg/L of baclofen.[<a class="bibr" href="#LM337.REF.3" rid="LM337.REF.3">3</a>]</p><p><i>Infant Levels.</i> Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.</p></div><div id="LM337.Effects_in_Breastfed_Infants"><h3>Effects in Breastfed Infants</h3><p>An infant was born after exposure to baclofen in utero. The mother was taking baclofen 10 mg twice daily plus clonazepam 1 mg orally twice daily and sustained-release oxycodone 50 mg daily in divided doses. The infant was breast fed and bottle fed while the mother continued taking baclofen. Neonatal withdrawal symptoms necessitated phenobarbital administration. The infant also received baclofen 0.5 mg/kg daily in 4 divided doses that was weaned and decreased by day 9 of life. Neurologic examination was normal at discharge on day 16 and at 6-weeks of age.[<a class="bibr" href="#LM337.REF.4" rid="LM337.REF.4">4</a>]</p><p>A woman with spinal cord injury was taking baclofen 20 mg four daily during pregnancy and postpartum. After birth, the infant received an initial baclofen dosage of 0.1 mg/kg daily for 4 days, plus about 1/3 of the diet as breastmilk containing baclofen (about 0.016 mg/kg daily), followed by a daily decrease of 0.01 mg/kg daily until discontinuation of the baclofen on the 13th day of life. Breastmilk intake was eventually increased to 50% of the infant's diet. Daily assessment for neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) was performed using the modified Finnegan NAS scoring system. Of 82 modified Finnegan NAS scores obtained in the first 16 days of life, the mean score was 2. The maximum NAS score of 9 was observed on the 13th day of life. At no point were there three consecutive NAS scores of 8 or greater, indicating no need for further pharmacological intervention. The infant was discharged 3 days after the taper ended.[<a class="bibr" href="#LM337.REF.5" rid="LM337.REF.5">5</a>]</p></div><div id="LM337.Effects_on_Lactation_and_Breastmil"><h3>Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk</h3><p>Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date.</p></div><div id="LM337.References"><h3>References</h3><dl class="temp-labeled-list"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>1.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM337.REF.1">Eriksson
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G, Swahn
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CG. Concentration of baclofen in serum and breast milk from a lactating woman.
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Scand J Clin Lab Investig
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1981;41:185-7.
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[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7313501" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 7313501</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>2.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM337.REF.2">Lin
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HH, Barton
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N, Wiegand
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TJ. Baclofen distribution into breast milk-a potential for toxicity?
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J Med Toxicol
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2014;10:86. doi:10.1007/s13181-013-0376-x [<a href="http://dx.crossref.org/10.1007/s13181-013-0376-x" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">CrossRef</a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>3.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM337.REF.3">Hara
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T, Nakajima
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M, Sugano
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H, et al.
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Pregnancy and breastfeeding during intrathecal baclofen therapy - A case study and review.
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NMC Case Rep J
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2018;5:65-8.
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[<a href="/pmc/articles/PMC6048348/" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pmc">PMC free article<span class="bk_prnt">: PMC6048348</span></a>] [<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30023142" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 30023142</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>4.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM337.REF.4">Moran
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LR, Almeida
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PG, Worden
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S, et al.
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Intrauterine baclofen exposure: A multidisciplinary approach.
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Pediatrics
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2004;114:e267-9.
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[<a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15286268" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">PubMed<span class="bk_prnt">: 15286268</span></a>]</div></dd></dl><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt>5.</dt><dd><div class="bk_ref" id="LM337.REF.5">Lin
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HH, Barton
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N, Wiegand
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TJ. Prevention of neonatal abstinence syndrome in the setting of intrauterine baclofen exposure.
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J Med Toxicol
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2014;10:85-6. doi:10.1007/s13181-013-0376-x [<a href="http://dx.crossref.org/10.1007/s13181-013-0376-x" ref="pagearea=cite-ref&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">CrossRef</a>]</div></dd></dl></dl></div></div><div id="LM337.Substance_Identification"><h2 id="_LM337_Substance_Identification_">Substance Identification</h2><div id="LM337.Substance_Name"><h3>Substance Name</h3><p>Baclofen</p></div><div id="LM337.CAS_Registry_Number"><h3>CAS Registry Number</h3><p>1134-47-0</p></div><div id="LM337.Drug_Class"><h3>Drug Class</h3><p>Breast Feeding</p><p>Lactation</p><p>Milk, Human</p><p>GABA Agonists</p><p>Muscle Relaxants, Central</p></div></div><div><dl class="temp-labeled-list small"><dl class="bkr_refwrap"><dt></dt><dd><div><p class="no_top_margin"><p><b>Disclaimer: </b>Information presented in this database is not meant as a substitute for professional judgment. You should consult your healthcare provider for breastfeeding advice related to your particular situation. The U.S. government does not warrant or assume any liability or responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the information on this Site.</p></p></div></dd></dl></dl></div><div id="bk_toc_contnr"></div></div></div><div class="fm-sec"><h2 id="_NBK501201_pubdet_">Publication Details</h2><h3>Publication History</h3><p class="small">Last Revision: <span itemprop="dateModified">October 15, 2024</span>.</p><h3>Copyright</h3><div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright Notice</a><p class="small"><b>Attribution Statement:</b> LactMed is a registered trademark of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.</p></div></div><h3>Publisher</h3><p><a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/" ref="pagearea=page-banner&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher">National Institute of Child Health and Human Development</a>, Bethesda (MD)</p><h3>NLM Citation</h3><p>Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed®) [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; 2006-. Baclofen. [Updated 2024 Oct 15].<span class="bk_cite_avail"></span></p></div><div class="small-screen-prev"><a href="/books/n/lactmed/LM549/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M75,30 c-80,60 -80,0 0,60 c-30,-60 -30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Prev</text></svg></a></div><div class="small-screen-next"><a href="/books/n/lactmed/LM1451/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M25,30c80,60 80,0 0,60 c30,-60 30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Next</text></svg></a></div></article></div><div id="jr-scripts"><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/libs.min.js"> </script><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.min.js"> </script></div></div>
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