509 lines
No EOL
58 KiB
HTML
509 lines
No EOL
58 KiB
HTML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
|
|
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
|
|
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
|
|
|
|
<head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
|
|
<!-- AppResources meta begin -->
|
|
<meta name="paf-app-resources" content="" />
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">var ncbi_startTime = new Date();</script>
|
|
|
|
<!-- AppResources meta end -->
|
|
|
|
<!-- TemplateResources meta begin -->
|
|
<meta name="paf_template" content="" />
|
|
|
|
<!-- TemplateResources meta end -->
|
|
|
|
<!-- Logger begin -->
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_db" content="books" /><meta name="ncbi_pdid" content="book-toc" /><meta name="ncbi_acc" content="NBK333424" /><meta name="ncbi_domain" content="spyogenes" /><meta name="ncbi_report" content="record" /><meta name="ncbi_type" content="fulltext" /><meta name="ncbi_objectid" content="" /><meta name="ncbi_pcid" content="/NBK333424/" /><meta name="ncbi_pagename" content="Streptococcus pyogenes - NCBI Bookshelf" /><meta name="ncbi_bookparttype" content="toc" /><meta name="ncbi_app" content="bookshelf" />
|
|
<!-- Logger end -->
|
|
|
|
<title>Streptococcus pyogenes - NCBI Bookshelf</title>
|
|
|
|
<!-- AppResources external_resources begin -->
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/core/jig/1.15.2/css/jig.min.css" /><script type="text/javascript" src="/core/jig/1.15.2/js/jig.min.js"></script>
|
|
|
|
<!-- AppResources external_resources end -->
|
|
|
|
<!-- Page meta begin -->
|
|
<meta name="robots" content="INDEX,FOLLOW,NOARCHIVE,NOIMAGEINDEX" /><meta name="author" content="Joseph J. Ferretti, Dennis L. Stevens, Vincent A. Fischetti" /><meta name="citation_title" content="Streptococcus pyogenes" /><meta name="citation_publisher" content="University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center" /><meta name="citation_date" content="2016" /><meta name="citation_author" content="Joseph J. Ferretti" /><meta name="citation_author" content="Dennis L. Stevens" /><meta name="citation_author" content="Vincent A. Fischetti" /><meta name="citation_pmid" content="26866208" /><meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK333424/" /><link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/" /><meta name="DC.Title" content="Streptococcus pyogenes" /><meta name="DC.Type" content="Text" /><meta name="DC.Publisher" content="University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center" /><meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Joseph J. Ferretti" /><meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Dennis L. Stevens" /><meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Vincent A. Fischetti" /><meta name="DC.Date" content="2016" /><meta name="DC.Identifier" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK333424/" /><meta name="description" content="Streptococcal diseases have been recognized in recorded history for over two thousand years and remain today as a serious cause of worldwide health problems. Early research revealed that the streptococci were not only among the first organisms thought to be the cause of contagious diseases, but their presence initiated the introduction of cleanliness and the use of sterile procedures into hospital settings. More recent research on streptococci demonstrated that the hereditary material was DNA, paving the way to present day molecular and genomic studies. This book is focused on one of the streptococci, Streptococcus pyogenes (the group A Streptococcus), the bacteria responsible for diseases, such as scarlet fever, pharyngitis, impetigo, cellulitis, necrotizing fasciitis and toxic shock syndrome, as well as the sequelae of rheumatic fever and acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. The goal of the 30 chapters in this volume is to present an up to date and comprehensive review of research on this organism, including its basic biology, epidemiology, genetics and pathways that facilitate group A streptococcal infections. Our intention is that this information will provide an important resource for the general public, students, researchers, and clinicians in future work towards an understanding of the mechanism of Streptococcus pyogenes disease, in hopes that it will lead to better methods of disease control." /><meta name="og:title" content="Streptococcus pyogenes" /><meta name="og:type" content="book" /><meta name="og:description" content="Streptococcal diseases have been recognized in recorded history for over two thousand years and remain today as a serious cause of worldwide health problems. Early research revealed that the streptococci were not only among the first organisms thought to be the cause of contagious diseases, but their presence initiated the introduction of cleanliness and the use of sterile procedures into hospital settings. More recent research on streptococci demonstrated that the hereditary material was DNA, paving the way to present day molecular and genomic studies. This book is focused on one of the streptococci, Streptococcus pyogenes (the group A Streptococcus), the bacteria responsible for diseases, such as scarlet fever, pharyngitis, impetigo, cellulitis, necrotizing fasciitis and toxic shock syndrome, as well as the sequelae of rheumatic fever and acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. The goal of the 30 chapters in this volume is to present an up to date and comprehensive review of research on this organism, including its basic biology, epidemiology, genetics and pathways that facilitate group A streptococcal infections. Our intention is that this information will provide an important resource for the general public, students, researchers, and clinicians in future work towards an understanding of the mechanism of Streptococcus pyogenes disease, in hopes that it will lead to better methods of disease control." /><meta name="og:url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK333424/" /><meta name="og:site_name" content="NCBI Bookshelf" /><meta name="og:image" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-spyogenes-lrg.png" /><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /><meta name="twitter:site" content="@ncbibooks" /><meta name="bk-non-canon-loc" content="/books/n/spyogenes/toc/" /><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK333424/" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/figpopup.css" type="text/css" media="screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books.min.css" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books_print.min.css" type="text/css" media="print" /><style type="text/css">p a.figpopup{display:inline !important} .bk_tt {font-family: monospace} .first-line-outdent .bk_ref {display: inline} </style><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/jquery.hoverIntent.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/common.min.js?_=3.18"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/large-obj-scrollbars.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript">window.name="mainwindow";</script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/bookshelf/2.26/books.min.js"> </script><meta name="book-collection" content="NONE" />
|
|
|
|
<!-- Page meta end -->
|
|
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/favicon.ico" /><meta name="ncbi_phid" content="CE8D2BCF7D9FB9810000000000F500CA.m_13" />
|
|
<meta name='referrer' content='origin-when-cross-origin'/><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4216699/css/3852956/3985586/3808861/4121862/3974050/3917732/251717/4216701/14534/45193/4113719/3849091/3984811/3751656/4033350/3840896/3577051/3852958/4008682/4207974/4206132/4062871/12930/3964959/3854974/36029/4128070/9685/3549676/3609192/3609193/3609213/3395586.css" /><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4216699/css/3411343/3882866.css" media="print" /></head>
|
|
<body class="book-toc">
|
|
<div class="grid">
|
|
<div class="col twelve_col nomargin shadow">
|
|
<!-- System messages like service outage or JS required; this is handled by the TemplateResources portlet -->
|
|
<div class="sysmessages">
|
|
<noscript>
|
|
<p class="nojs">
|
|
<strong>Warning:</strong>
|
|
The NCBI web site requires JavaScript to function.
|
|
<a href="/guide/browsers/#enablejs" title="Learn how to enable JavaScript" target="_blank">more...</a>
|
|
</p>
|
|
</noscript>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<!--/.sysmessage-->
|
|
<div class="wrap">
|
|
<div class="page">
|
|
<div class="top">
|
|
<div id="universal_header">
|
|
<section class="usa-banner">
|
|
<div class="usa-accordion">
|
|
<header class="usa-banner-header">
|
|
<div class="usa-grid usa-banner-inner">
|
|
<img src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/favicons/favicon-57.png" alt="U.S. flag" />
|
|
<p>An official website of the United States government</p>
|
|
<button class="non-usa-accordion-button usa-banner-button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="gov-banner-top" type="button">
|
|
<span class="usa-banner-button-text">Here's how you know</span>
|
|
</button>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</header>
|
|
<div class="usa-banner-content usa-grid usa-accordion-content" id="gov-banner-top" aria-hidden="true">
|
|
<div class="usa-banner-guidance-gov usa-width-one-half">
|
|
<img class="usa-banner-icon usa-media_block-img" src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-dot-gov.svg" alt="Dot gov" />
|
|
<div class="usa-media_block-body">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<strong>The .gov means it's official.</strong>
|
|
<br />
|
|
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before
|
|
sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal
|
|
government site.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="usa-banner-guidance-ssl usa-width-one-half">
|
|
<img class="usa-banner-icon usa-media_block-img" src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/uswds/img/icon-https.svg" alt="Https" />
|
|
<div class="usa-media_block-body">
|
|
<p>
|
|
<strong>The site is secure.</strong>
|
|
<br />
|
|
The <strong>https://</strong> ensures that you are connecting to the
|
|
official website and that any information you provide is encrypted
|
|
and transmitted securely.
|
|
</p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</section>
|
|
<div class="usa-overlay"></div>
|
|
<header class="ncbi-header" role="banner" data-section="Header">
|
|
|
|
<div class="usa-grid">
|
|
<div class="usa-width-one-whole">
|
|
|
|
<div class="ncbi-header__logo">
|
|
<a href="/" class="logo" aria-label="NCBI Logo" data-ga-action="click_image" data-ga-label="NIH NLM Logo">
|
|
<img src="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/coreutils/nwds/img/logos/AgencyLogo.svg" alt="NIH NLM Logo" />
|
|
</a>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="ncbi-header__account">
|
|
<a id="account_login" href="https://account.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" class="usa-button header-button" style="display:none" data-ga-action="open_menu" data-ga-label="account_menu">Log in</a>
|
|
<button id="account_info" class="header-button" style="display:none" aria-controls="account_popup" type="button">
|
|
<span class="fa fa-user" aria-hidden="true">
|
|
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="20px" height="20px">
|
|
<g style="fill: #fff">
|
|
<ellipse cx="12" cy="8" rx="5" ry="6"></ellipse>
|
|
<path d="M21.8,19.1c-0.9-1.8-2.6-3.3-4.8-4.2c-0.6-0.2-1.3-0.2-1.8,0.1c-1,0.6-2,0.9-3.2,0.9s-2.2-0.3-3.2-0.9 C8.3,14.8,7.6,14.7,7,15c-2.2,0.9-3.9,2.4-4.8,4.2C1.5,20.5,2.6,22,4.1,22h15.8C21.4,22,22.5,20.5,21.8,19.1z"></path>
|
|
</g>
|
|
</svg>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<span class="username desktop-only" aria-hidden="true" id="uname_short"></span>
|
|
<span class="sr-only">Show account info</span>
|
|
</button>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="ncbi-popup-anchor">
|
|
<div class="ncbi-popup account-popup" id="account_popup" aria-hidden="true">
|
|
<div class="ncbi-popup-head">
|
|
<button class="ncbi-close-button" data-ga-action="close_menu" data-ga-label="account_menu" type="button">
|
|
<span class="fa fa-times">
|
|
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 48 48" width="24px" height="24px">
|
|
<path d="M38 12.83l-2.83-2.83-11.17 11.17-11.17-11.17-2.83 2.83 11.17 11.17-11.17 11.17 2.83 2.83 11.17-11.17 11.17 11.17 2.83-2.83-11.17-11.17z"></path>
|
|
</svg>
|
|
</span>
|
|
<span class="usa-sr-only">Close</span></button>
|
|
<h4>Account</h4>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="account-user-info">
|
|
Logged in as:<br />
|
|
<b><span class="username" id="uname_long">username</span></b>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="account-links">
|
|
<ul class="usa-unstyled-list">
|
|
<li><a id="account_myncbi" href="/myncbi/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_myncbi">Dashboard</a></li>
|
|
<li><a id="account_pubs" href="/myncbi/collections/bibliography/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_pubs">Publications</a></li>
|
|
<li><a id="account_settings" href="/account/settings/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_settings">Account settings</a></li>
|
|
<li><a id="account_logout" href="/account/signout/" class="set-base-url" data-ga-action="click_menu_item" data-ga-label="account_logout">Log out</a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</header>
|
|
<div role="navigation" aria-label="access keys">
|
|
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_0" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/guide/browsers/#ncbi_accesskeys" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="0" tabindex="-1">Access keys</a>
|
|
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_1" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="1" tabindex="-1">NCBI Homepage</a>
|
|
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_2" href="/myncbi/" class="set-base-url usa-sr-only" accesskey="2" tabindex="-1">MyNCBI Homepage</a>
|
|
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_3" href="#maincontent" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="3" tabindex="-1">Main Content</a>
|
|
<a id="nws_header_accesskey_4" href="#" class="usa-sr-only" accesskey="4" tabindex="-1">Main Navigation</a>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<section data-section="Alerts">
|
|
<div class="ncbi-alerts-placeholder"></div>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="header">
|
|
<div class="res_logo"><h1 class="res_name"><a href="/books/" title="Bookshelf home">Bookshelf</a></h1><h2 class="res_tagline"></h2></div>
|
|
<div class="search"><form method="get" action="/books/"><div class="search_form"><label for="database" class="offscreen_noflow">Search database</label><select id="database"><optgroup label="Recent"><option value="books" selected="selected" data-ac_dict="bookshelf-search">Books</option><option value="refseq">RefSeq</option><option value="clinvar">ClinVar</option><option value="gquery" class="last">All Databases</option></optgroup><optgroup label="All"><option value="gquery">All Databases</option><option value="assembly">Assembly</option><option value="biocollections">Biocollections</option><option value="bioproject">BioProject</option><option value="biosample">BioSample</option><option value="books" data-ac_dict="bookshelf-search">Books</option><option value="clinvar">ClinVar</option><option value="cdd">Conserved Domains</option><option value="gap">dbGaP</option><option value="dbvar">dbVar</option><option value="gene">Gene</option><option value="genome">Genome</option><option value="gds">GEO DataSets</option><option value="geoprofiles">GEO Profiles</option><option value="gtr">GTR</option><option value="ipg">Identical Protein Groups</option><option value="medgen">MedGen</option><option value="mesh">MeSH</option><option value="nlmcatalog">NLM Catalog</option><option value="nuccore">Nucleotide</option><option value="omim">OMIM</option><option value="pmc">PMC</option><option value="protein">Protein</option><option value="proteinclusters">Protein Clusters</option><option value="protfam">Protein Family Models</option><option value="pcassay">PubChem BioAssay</option><option value="pccompound">PubChem Compound</option><option value="pcsubstance">PubChem Substance</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="snp">SNP</option><option value="sra">SRA</option><option value="structure">Structure</option><option value="taxonomy">Taxonomy</option><option value="toolkit">ToolKit</option><option value="toolkitall">ToolKitAll</option><option value="toolkitbookgh">ToolKitBookgh</option></optgroup></select><div class="nowrap"><label for="term" class="offscreen_noflow" accesskey="/">Search term</label><div class="nowrap"><input type="text" name="term" id="term" title="Search Books. Use up and down arrows to choose an item from the autocomplete." value="" class="jig-ncbiclearbutton jig-ncbiautocomplete" data-jigconfig="dictionary:'bookshelf-search',disableUrl:'NcbiSearchBarAutoComplCtrl'" autocomplete="off" data-sbconfig="ds:'no',pjs:'no',afs:'no'" /></div><button id="search" type="submit" class="button_search nowrap" cmd="go">Search</button></div></div></form><ul class="searchlinks inline_list"><li>
|
|
<a href="/books/browse/">Browse Titles</a>
|
|
</li><li>
|
|
<a href="/books/advanced/">Advanced</a>
|
|
</li><li class="help">
|
|
<a href="/books/NBK3833/">Help</a>
|
|
</li><li class="disclaimer">
|
|
<a target="_blank" data-ga-category="literature_resources" data-ga-action="link_click" data-ga-label="disclaimer_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/about/disclaimer/">Disclaimer</a>
|
|
</li></ul></div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!--<component id="Page" label="headcontent"/>-->
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="content">
|
|
<!-- site messages -->
|
|
<!-- Custom content 1 -->
|
|
<div class="col1">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="container">
|
|
<div id="maincontent" class="content eight_col col">
|
|
<!-- Custom content in the left column above book nav -->
|
|
<div class="col2">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Book content -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Custom content between navigation and content -->
|
|
<div class="col3">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="source">
|
|
<div class="pre-content"><div><div class="bk_prnt"><p class="small">NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.</p></div><div class="pagination bk_noprnt"><span class="inactive page_link prev">< Prev</span><a class="active page_link next" href="/books/n/spyogenes/preface/" title="Next page in this title">Next ></a></div></div></div>
|
|
<div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Book"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix no_top_margin"><a href="https://ouhsc.edu/" title="University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center" class="img_link icnblk_img" ref="pagearea=logo&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher"><img class="source-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-spyogenes-lrg.png" alt="Cover of Streptococcus pyogenes" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h1 id="_NBK333424_"><span itemprop="name">
|
|
<i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i>
|
|
</span></h1><div class="subtitle">Basic Biology to Clinical Manifestations</div><p class="contrib-group">Editors: <span itemprop="editor">Joseph J. Ferretti</span>, <span itemprop="editor">Dennis L. Stevens</span>, and <span itemprop="editor">Vincent A. Fischetti</span>.</p><a data-jig="ncbitoggler" href="#__NBK333424_ai__" style="border:0;text-decoration:none">Editor Information</a><div style="display:none" class="ui-widget" id="__NBK333424_ai__"><p class="contrib-group"><h4>Editors</h4>Editors: <span itemprop="editor">Joseph J. Ferretti</span>,<sup>1</sup> <span itemprop="editor">Dennis L. Stevens</span>,<sup>2</sup> and <span itemprop="editor">Vincent A. Fischetti</span><sup>3</sup>.</p><h4>Affiliations</h4><div class="affiliation"><sup>1</sup> University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK</div><div class="affiliation"><sup>2</sup> VA Medical Center, Boise, ID</div><div class="affiliation"><sup>3</sup> The Rockefeller University, New York, NY</div></div><div class="half_rhythm">Oklahoma City (OK): <a href="https://ouhsc.edu/" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher"><span itemprop="publisher">University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center</span></a>; <span itemprop="datePublished">2016</span>-.</div><div class="half_rhythm"><ul class="inline_list"><li><span class="label"><a data-jig="ncbidialog" href="#_ncbi_dlg_cpyrght_NBK333424" data-jigconfig="modal:true">Copyright and
|
|
Permissions</a></span></li></ul></div><div id="_ncbi_dlg_cpyrght_NBK333424" style="display:none" title="Copyright and Permissions"><div><div>© The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center.</div><div class="half_rhythm"><div>Except where otherwise noted, this work is licensed under a Creative Commons
|
|
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC-BY-NC-ND
|
|
4.0). To view a copy of this license, visit <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</a>
|
|
</div></div></div></div><div class="bk_noprnt"><form method="get" action="/books/n/spyogenes/" id="bk_srch"><div class="bk_search"><label for="bk_term" class="offscreen_noflow">Search term</label><input type="text" title="Search this book" id="bk_term" name="term" value="" data-jig="ncbiclearbutton" /> <input type="submit" class="jig-ncbibutton" value="Search this book" submit="false" style="padding: 0.1em 0.4em;" /></div></form></div></div></div></div><div class="body-content whole_rhythm" itemprop="text"><div itemprop="description"><p>Streptococcal diseases have been recognized in recorded history for over two thousand
|
|
years and remain today as a serious cause of worldwide health problems. Early
|
|
research revealed that the streptococci were not only among the first organisms
|
|
thought to be the cause of contagious diseases, but their presence initiated the
|
|
introduction of cleanliness and the use of sterile procedures into hospital
|
|
settings. More recent research on streptococci demonstrated that the hereditary
|
|
material was DNA, paving the way to present day molecular and genomic studies. This
|
|
book is focused on one of the streptococci, <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> (the group A
|
|
Streptococcus), the bacteria responsible for diseases, such as scarlet fever,
|
|
pharyngitis, impetigo, cellulitis, necrotizing fasciitis and toxic shock syndrome,
|
|
as well as the sequelae of rheumatic fever and acute poststreptococcal
|
|
glomerulonephritis. The goal of the 30 chapters in this volume is to present an up
|
|
to date and comprehensive review of research on this organism, including its basic
|
|
biology, epidemiology, genetics and pathways that facilitate group A streptococcal
|
|
infections. Our intention is that this information will provide an important
|
|
resource for the general public, students, researchers, and clinicians in future
|
|
work towards an understanding of the mechanism of <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> disease, in
|
|
hopes that it will lead to better methods of disease control.</p></div><div><h2>Contents</h2><ul id="toc_tllNBK333424_toc_preface" class="simple-list toc"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_preface"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/preface/">Preface</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_history"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/history/">History of Streptococcal Research</a><div>Joseph Ferretti and Werner Köhler.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_mprotein"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/mprotein/">M Protein and Other Surface Proteins on Streptococci</a><div>Vincent A. Fischetti.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_pili"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/pili/">
|
|
<i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> Pili</a><div>Immaculada Margarit y Ros.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016; Last Update: March 25, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_capsule"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/capsule/">Cell Wall and Surface Molecules: Capsule</a><div>Michael R. Wessels.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016; Last Update: March 25, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_spatialreg"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/spatialreg/">The spatial regulation of protein sorting in <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i></a><div>Assaf Raz.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016; Last Update: March 25, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_serotyping"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/serotyping/">Molecular Basis of Serotyping and the Underlying Genetic Organization of <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i></a><div>Debra E. Bessen.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016; Last Update: March 25, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_metabolism"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/metabolism/">
|
|
<i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> Metabolism</a><div>Vijay Pancholi and Michael Caparon.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_genomics"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/genomics/">
|
|
<i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> Genomics</a><div>Fumito Maruyama, Takayasu Watanabe, and Ichiro Nakagawa.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_bacteriophages"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/bacteriophages/">The Bacteriophages of <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i></a><div>W. Michael McShan and Scott V. Nguyen.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016; Last Update: March 25, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_crispr"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/crispr/">The CRISPR-Cas system of <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i>: function and applications</a><div>Luciano A. Marraffini.</div><div class="small">Created: April 7, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_proteome"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/proteome/">The Streptococcal Proteome</a><div>Eduardo A. Callegari and Michael S. Chaussee.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_transcriptionalregs"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/transcriptionalregs/">Virulence-Related Transcriptional Regulators of <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i></a><div>Luis A. Vega, Horst Malke, and Kevin S. McIver.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016; Last Update: March 25, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_virulencefac"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/virulencefac/">Secreted Extracellular Virulence Factors</a><div>Wayne Hynes and Melanie Sloan.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016; Last Update: March 25, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_superantigens"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/superantigens/">Streptococcal Superantigens: Biological properties and potential role in disease</a><div>Thomas Proft and John D. Fraser.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_biofilm"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/biofilm/">
|
|
<i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> Biofilm</a><div>Christie Young, Robert C. Holder, Lily Dubois, and Sean D. Reid.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_adherence"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/adherence/">Group A Streptococcal Adherence</a><div>Patricia A. Ryan and Barbara Juncosa.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016; Last Update: March 25, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_adhesion"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/adhesion/">Adhesion and invasion of <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> into host cells and clinical relevance of intracellular streptococci</a><div>Manfred Rohde and P. Patrick Cleary.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_carrier"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/carrier/">The <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> Carrier State</a><div>Judith Martin.</div><div class="small">Created: July 25, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_epidemiology"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/epidemiology/">Epidemiology of <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i></a><div>Androulla Efstratiou and Theresa Lamagni.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016; Last Update: April 3, 2017.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_animal"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/animal/">Animal Models of <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> Infection</a><div>Michael E. Watson, Jr., Melody N. Neely, and Michael G. Caparon.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_burden"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/burden/">Global Disease Burden of Group A Streptococcus</a><div>Amy Sims Sanyahumbi, Samantha Colquhoun, Rosemary Wyber, and Jonathan R. Carapetis.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_pharyngitis"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/pharyngitis/">Pharyngitis and Scarlet Fever</a><div>Michael R. Wessels.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016; Last Update: March 25, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_impetigo"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/impetigo/">Impetigo, Erysipelas and Cellulitis</a><div>Dennis L. Stevens and Amy E. Bryant.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_groupa"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/groupa/">Severe Group A Streptococcal Infections</a><div>Dennis L. Stevens and Amy E. Bryant.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_rheumaticfever"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/rheumaticfever/">Acute Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease</a><div>Dianne Sika-Paotonu, Andrea Beaton, Aparna Raghu, Andrew Steer, and Jonathan Carapetis.</div><div class="small">Created: March 10, 2017; Last Update: April 3, 2017.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_pandas"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/pandas/">Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS)</a><div>Graziella Orefici, Francesco Cardona, Carol J. Cox, and Madeleine W. Cunningham.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_glomer"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/glomer/">Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis</a><div>Bernardo Rodriguez-Iturbe and Mark Haas.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_autoimmune"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/autoimmune/">Post-Streptococcal Autoimmune Sequelae: Rheumatic Fever and Beyond</a><div>Madeleine W. Cunningham.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_diagnosis"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/diagnosis/">Laboratory Diagnosis of <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> (group A
|
|
streptococci)</a><div>Barbara Spellerberg and Claudia Brandt.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_resistance"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/resistance/">Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance</a><div>Vincent Cattoir.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK333424_toc_gasvac"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/spyogenes/gasvac/">Current Approaches to Group A Streptococcal Vaccine Development</a><div>James B. Dale, Michael R. Batzloff, P. Patrick Cleary, Harry S. Courtney, Michael F. Good, Guido Grandi, Scott Halperin, Immaculada Y. Margarit, Shelly McNeil, Manisha Pandey, Pierre R. Smeesters, and Andrew C. Steer.</div><div class="small">Created: February 10, 2016.</div></li></ul></div></div></div>
|
|
<div class="post-content"><div><div class="half_rhythm">© The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences
|
|
Center.<p class="small">Except where otherwise noted, this work is licensed under a Creative Commons
|
|
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC-BY-NC-ND
|
|
4.0). To view a copy of this license, visit <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/</a>
|
|
</p></div><div class="small"><span class="label">Bookshelf ID: NBK333424</span><span class="label">PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26866208" title="PubMed record of this title" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">26866208</a></span></div><div style="margin-top:2em" class="bk_noprnt"><div class="pagination bk_noprnt"><span class="inactive page_link prev">< Prev</span><a class="active page_link next" href="/books/n/spyogenes/preface/" title="Next page in this title">Next ></a></div></div></div></div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Custom content below content -->
|
|
<div class="col4">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Book content -->
|
|
|
|
<!-- Custom contetnt below bottom nav -->
|
|
<div class="col5">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div id="rightcolumn" class="four_col col last">
|
|
<!-- Custom content above discovery portlets -->
|
|
<div class="col6">
|
|
<div id="ncbi_share_book"><a href="#" class="ncbi_share" data-ncbi_share_config="popup:false,shorten:true" ref="id=NBK333424&db=books">Share</a></div>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Views</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="PDF_download" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="simple-list"><li><a href="/books/NBK333424/?report=reader">PubReader</a></li><li><a href="/books/NBK333424/?report=printable">Print View</a></li><li><a data-jig="ncbidialog" href="#_ncbi_dlg_citbx_NBK333424" data-jigconfig="width:400,modal:true">Cite this Page</a><div id="_ncbi_dlg_citbx_NBK333424" style="display:none" title="Cite this Page"><div class="bk_tt">Ferretti JJ, Stevens DL, Fischetti VA, editors. Streptococcus pyogenes : Basic Biology to Clinical Manifestations [Internet]. Oklahoma City (OK): University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center; 2016-. <span class="bk_cite_avail"></span></div></div></li><li><a href="/books/n/spyogenes/pdf/">PDF version of this title</a> (42M)</li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Related information</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="discovery_db_links" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul><li class="brieflinkpopper"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/books/?Db=nlmcatalog&DbFrom=books&Cmd=Link&LinkName=books_nlmcatalog&IdsFromResult=4203720" ref="log$=recordlinks">NLM Catalog</a><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related NLM Catalog Entries</div></li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Similar articles in PubMed</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="PBooksDiscovery_RA" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/16934708" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=1&log$=relatedarticles&logdbfrom=pubmed">Group A streptococcus.</a><span class="source">[Semin Pediatr Infect Dis. 2006]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Group A streptococcus.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">Martin JM, Green M. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">Semin Pediatr Infect Dis. 2006 Jul; 17(3):140-8. </em></div></div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/36479753" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=2&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Streptococcus pyogenes Impetigo, Erysipelas, and Cellulitis.</a><span class="source">[Streptococcus pyogenes: Basic ...]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Streptococcus pyogenes Impetigo, Erysipelas, and Cellulitis.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">Stevens DL, Bryant AE. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">Streptococcus pyogenes: Basic Biology to Clinical Manifestations. 2022 Oct 8</em></div></div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/26866218" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=3&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Global Disease Burden of Group A Streptococcus.</a><span class="source">[Streptococcus pyogenes: Basic ...]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Global Disease Burden of Group A Streptococcus.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">Sims Sanyahumbi A, Colquhoun S, Wyber R, Carapetis JR. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">Streptococcus pyogenes: Basic Biology to Clinical Manifestations. 2016</em></div></div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/26866211" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=4&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Impetigo, Erysipelas and Cellulitis.</a><span class="source">[Streptococcus pyogenes: Basic ...]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> Impetigo, Erysipelas and Cellulitis.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">Stevens DL, Bryant AE. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">Streptococcus pyogenes: Basic Biology to Clinical Manifestations. 2016</em></div></div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/19947304" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=5&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> [Streptococcus pyogenes--much more than the aetiological agent of scarlet fever].</a><span class="source">[Med Monatsschr Pharm. 2009]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow"><span xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="invert">Review</span> [Streptococcus pyogenes--much more than the aetiological agent of scarlet fever].<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">Stock I. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">Med Monatsschr Pharm. 2009 Nov; 32(11):408-16; quiz 417-8. </em></div></div></li></ul><a class="seemore" href="/sites/entrez?db=pubmed&cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed_reviews&uid=26866208" ref="ordinalpos=1&log$=relatedreviews_seeall&logdbfrom=pubmed">See reviews...</a><a class="seemore" href="/sites/entrez?db=pubmed&cmd=link&linkname=pubmed_pubmed&uid=26866208" ref="ordinalpos=1&log$=relatedarticles_seeall&logdbfrom=pubmed">See all...</a></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Recent Activity</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="recent_activity" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><div xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" id="HTDisplay" class=""><div class="action"><a href="javascript:historyDisplayState('ClearHT')">Clear</a><a href="javascript:historyDisplayState('HTOff')" class="HTOn">Turn Off</a><a href="javascript:historyDisplayState('HTOn')" class="HTOff">Turn On</a></div><ul id="activity"><li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line"><a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=1" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67da0a8f84f3725e593171eb">Streptococcus pyogenes</a><div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Streptococcus pyogenes<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div><div class="tertiary"></div></li><li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line"><a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=2" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67da0a8ecde49f3df7f34005">NCBI News, March 2016 - NCBI News</a><div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">NCBI News, March 2016 - NCBI News<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div><div class="tertiary"></div></li><li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line"><a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=3" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67da0a8c84f3725e59316c75">NCBI News, April 2016 - NCBI News</a><div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">NCBI News, April 2016 - NCBI News<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div><div class="tertiary"></div></li><li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line"><a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=4" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67da0a8c67c23b31e0b9fe7c">NCBI News, May 2016 - NCBI News</a><div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">NCBI News, May 2016 - NCBI News<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div><div class="tertiary"></div></li><li class="ra_rcd ralinkpopper two_line"><a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=5" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67da0a7784f3725e59312372">NCBI News, June 2016 - NCBI News</a><div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">NCBI News, June 2016 - NCBI News<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div><div class="tertiary"></div></li></ul><p class="HTOn">Your browsing activity is empty.</p><p class="HTOff">Activity recording is turned off.</p><p id="turnOn" class="HTOff"><a href="javascript:historyDisplayState('HTOn')">Turn recording back on</a></p><a class="seemore" href="/sites/myncbi/recentactivity">See more...</a></div></div></div>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Custom content below discovery portlets -->
|
|
<div class="col7">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Custom content after all -->
|
|
<div class="col8">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="col9">
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/jquery.scrollTo-1.4.2.js"></script>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">
|
|
(function($){
|
|
$('.skiplink').each(function(i, item){
|
|
var href = $($(item).attr('href'));
|
|
href.attr('tabindex', '-1').addClass('skiptarget'); // ensure the target can receive focus
|
|
$(item).on('click', function(event){
|
|
event.preventDefault();
|
|
$.scrollTo(href, 0, {
|
|
onAfter: function(){
|
|
href.focus();
|
|
}
|
|
});
|
|
});
|
|
});
|
|
})(jQuery);
|
|
</script>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="bottom">
|
|
|
|
<div id="NCBIFooter_dynamic">
|
|
<!--<component id="Breadcrumbs" label="breadcrumbs"/>
|
|
<component id="Breadcrumbs" label="helpdesk"/>-->
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="footer" id="footer">
|
|
<section class="icon-section">
|
|
<div id="icon-section-header" class="icon-section_header">Follow NCBI</div>
|
|
<div class="grid-container container">
|
|
<div class="icon-section_container">
|
|
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_twitter" href="https://twitter.com/ncbi" aria-label="Twitter"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
|
|
<defs>
|
|
<style>
|
|
.cls-11 {
|
|
fill: #737373;
|
|
}
|
|
</style>
|
|
</defs>
|
|
<title>Twitter</title>
|
|
<path class="cls-11" d="M250.11,105.48c-7,3.14-13,3.25-19.27.14,8.12-4.86,8.49-8.27,11.43-17.46a78.8,78.8,0,0,1-25,9.55,39.35,39.35,0,0,0-67,35.85,111.6,111.6,0,0,1-81-41.08A39.37,39.37,0,0,0,81.47,145a39.08,39.08,0,0,1-17.8-4.92c0,.17,0,.33,0,.5a39.32,39.32,0,0,0,31.53,38.54,39.26,39.26,0,0,1-17.75.68,39.37,39.37,0,0,0,36.72,27.3A79.07,79.07,0,0,1,56,223.34,111.31,111.31,0,0,0,116.22,241c72.3,0,111.83-59.9,111.83-111.84,0-1.71,0-3.4-.1-5.09C235.62,118.54,244.84,113.37,250.11,105.48Z">
|
|
</path>
|
|
</svg></a>
|
|
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_facebook" href="https://www.facebook.com/ncbi.nlm" aria-label="Facebook"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
|
|
<title>Facebook</title>
|
|
<path class="cls-11" d="M210.5,115.12H171.74V97.82c0-8.14,5.39-10,9.19-10h27.14V52l-39.32-.12c-35.66,0-42.42,26.68-42.42,43.77v19.48H99.09v36.32h27.24v109h45.41v-109h35Z">
|
|
</path>
|
|
</svg></a>
|
|
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_linkedin" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/ncbinlm" aria-label="LinkedIn"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
|
|
<title>LinkedIn</title>
|
|
<path class="cls-11" d="M101.64,243.37H57.79v-114h43.85Zm-22-131.54h-.26c-13.25,0-21.82-10.36-21.82-21.76,0-11.65,8.84-21.15,22.33-21.15S101.7,78.72,102,90.38C102,101.77,93.4,111.83,79.63,111.83Zm100.93,52.61A17.54,17.54,0,0,0,163,182v61.39H119.18s.51-105.23,0-114H163v13a54.33,54.33,0,0,1,34.54-12.66c26,0,44.39,18.8,44.39,55.29v58.35H198.1V182A17.54,17.54,0,0,0,180.56,164.44Z">
|
|
</path>
|
|
</svg></a>
|
|
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_github" href="https://github.com/ncbi" aria-label="GitHub"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 300 300">
|
|
<defs>
|
|
<style>
|
|
.cls-11,
|
|
.cls-12 {
|
|
fill: #737373;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
.cls-11 {
|
|
fill-rule: evenodd;
|
|
}
|
|
</style>
|
|
</defs>
|
|
<title>GitHub</title>
|
|
<path class="cls-11" d="M151.36,47.28a105.76,105.76,0,0,0-33.43,206.1c5.28,1,7.22-2.3,7.22-5.09,0-2.52-.09-10.85-.14-19.69-29.42,6.4-35.63-12.48-35.63-12.48-4.81-12.22-11.74-15.47-11.74-15.47-9.59-6.56.73-6.43.73-6.43,10.61.75,16.21,10.9,16.21,10.9,9.43,16.17,24.73,11.49,30.77,8.79,1-6.83,3.69-11.5,6.71-14.14C108.57,197.1,83.88,188,83.88,147.51a40.92,40.92,0,0,1,10.9-28.39c-1.1-2.66-4.72-13.42,1-28,0,0,8.88-2.84,29.09,10.84a100.26,100.26,0,0,1,53,0C198,88.3,206.9,91.14,206.9,91.14c5.76,14.56,2.14,25.32,1,28a40.87,40.87,0,0,1,10.89,28.39c0,40.62-24.74,49.56-48.29,52.18,3.79,3.28,7.17,9.71,7.17,19.58,0,14.15-.12,25.54-.12,29,0,2.82,1.9,6.11,7.26,5.07A105.76,105.76,0,0,0,151.36,47.28Z">
|
|
</path>
|
|
<path class="cls-12" d="M85.66,199.12c-.23.52-1.06.68-1.81.32s-1.2-1.06-.95-1.59,1.06-.69,1.82-.33,1.21,1.07.94,1.6Zm-1.3-1">
|
|
</path>
|
|
<path class="cls-12" d="M90,203.89c-.51.47-1.49.25-2.16-.49a1.61,1.61,0,0,1-.31-2.19c.52-.47,1.47-.25,2.17.49s.82,1.72.3,2.19Zm-1-1.08">
|
|
</path>
|
|
<path class="cls-12" d="M94.12,210c-.65.46-1.71,0-2.37-.91s-.64-2.07,0-2.52,1.7,0,2.36.89.65,2.08,0,2.54Zm0,0"></path>
|
|
<path class="cls-12" d="M99.83,215.87c-.58.64-1.82.47-2.72-.41s-1.18-2.06-.6-2.7,1.83-.46,2.74.41,1.2,2.07.58,2.7Zm0,0">
|
|
</path>
|
|
<path class="cls-12" d="M107.71,219.29c-.26.82-1.45,1.2-2.64.85s-2-1.34-1.74-2.17,1.44-1.23,2.65-.85,2,1.32,1.73,2.17Zm0,0">
|
|
</path>
|
|
<path class="cls-12" d="M116.36,219.92c0,.87-1,1.59-2.24,1.61s-2.29-.68-2.3-1.54,1-1.59,2.26-1.61,2.28.67,2.28,1.54Zm0,0">
|
|
</path>
|
|
<path class="cls-12" d="M124.42,218.55c.15.85-.73,1.72-2,1.95s-2.37-.3-2.52-1.14.73-1.75,2-2,2.37.29,2.53,1.16Zm0,0"></path>
|
|
</svg></a>
|
|
<a class="footer-icon" id="footer_blog" href="https://ncbiinsights.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" aria-label="Blog">
|
|
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" id="Layer_1" data-name="Layer 1" viewBox="0 0 40 40">
|
|
<defs><style>.cls-1{fill:#737373;}</style></defs>
|
|
<title>NCBI Insights Blog</title>
|
|
<path class="cls-1" d="M14,30a4,4,0,1,1-4-4,4,4,0,0,1,4,4Zm11,3A19,19,0,0,0,7.05,15a1,1,0,0,0-1,1v3a1,1,0,0,0,.93,1A14,14,0,0,1,20,33.07,1,1,0,0,0,21,34h3a1,1,0,0,0,1-1Zm9,0A28,28,0,0,0,7,6,1,1,0,0,0,6,7v3a1,1,0,0,0,1,1A23,23,0,0,1,29,33a1,1,0,0,0,1,1h3A1,1,0,0,0,34,33Z"></path>
|
|
</svg>
|
|
</a>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section class="container-fluid bg-primary">
|
|
<div class="container pt-5">
|
|
<div class="row mt-3">
|
|
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12">
|
|
<p><a class="text-white" href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/socialmedia/index.html">Connect with NLM</a></p>
|
|
<ul class="list-inline social_media">
|
|
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://twitter.com/NLM_NIH" aria-label="Twitter" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 249 249" style="enable-background:new 0 0 249 249;" xml:space="preserve">
|
|
<style type="text/css">
|
|
.st20 {
|
|
fill: #FFFFFF;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
.st30 {
|
|
fill: none;
|
|
stroke: #FFFFFF;
|
|
stroke-width: 8;
|
|
stroke-miterlimit: 10;
|
|
}
|
|
</style>
|
|
<title>Twitter</title>
|
|
<g>
|
|
<g>
|
|
<g>
|
|
<path class="st20" d="M192.9,88.1c-5,2.2-9.2,2.3-13.6,0.1c5.7-3.4,6-5.8,8.1-12.3c-5.4,3.2-11.4,5.5-17.6,6.7 c-10.5-11.2-28.1-11.7-39.2-1.2c-7.2,6.8-10.2,16.9-8,26.5c-22.3-1.1-43.1-11.7-57.2-29C58,91.6,61.8,107.9,74,116 c-4.4-0.1-8.7-1.3-12.6-3.4c0,0.1,0,0.2,0,0.4c0,13.2,9.3,24.6,22.3,27.2c-4.1,1.1-8.4,1.3-12.5,0.5c3.6,11.3,14,19,25.9,19.3 c-11.6,9.1-26.4,13.2-41.1,11.5c12.7,8.1,27.4,12.5,42.5,12.5c51,0,78.9-42.2,78.9-78.9c0-1.2,0-2.4-0.1-3.6 C182.7,97.4,189.2,93.7,192.9,88.1z"></path>
|
|
</g>
|
|
</g>
|
|
<circle class="st30" cx="124.4" cy="128.8" r="108.2"></circle>
|
|
</g>
|
|
</svg></a></li>
|
|
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/nationallibraryofmedicine" aria-label="Facebook" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">
|
|
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 249 249" style="enable-background:new 0 0 249 249;" xml:space="preserve">
|
|
<style type="text/css">
|
|
.st10 {
|
|
fill: #FFFFFF;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
.st110 {
|
|
fill: none;
|
|
stroke: #FFFFFF;
|
|
stroke-width: 8;
|
|
stroke-miterlimit: 10;
|
|
}
|
|
</style>
|
|
<title>Facebook</title>
|
|
<g>
|
|
<g>
|
|
<path class="st10" d="M159,99.1h-24V88.4c0-5,3.3-6.2,5.7-6.2h16.8V60l-24.4-0.1c-22.1,0-26.2,16.5-26.2,27.1v12.1H90v22.5h16.9 v67.5H135v-67.5h21.7L159,99.1z"></path>
|
|
</g>
|
|
</g>
|
|
<circle class="st110" cx="123.6" cy="123.2" r="108.2"></circle>
|
|
</svg>
|
|
</a></li>
|
|
<li class="list-inline-item"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/NLMNIH" aria-label="Youtube" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 249 249" style="enable-background:new 0 0 249 249;" xml:space="preserve">
|
|
<title>Youtube</title>
|
|
<style type="text/css">
|
|
.st4 {
|
|
fill: none;
|
|
stroke: #FFFFFF;
|
|
stroke-width: 8;
|
|
stroke-miterlimit: 10;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
.st5 {
|
|
fill: #FFFFFF;
|
|
}
|
|
</style>
|
|
<circle class="st4" cx="124.2" cy="123.4" r="108.2"></circle>
|
|
<g transform="translate(0,-952.36218)">
|
|
<path class="st5" d="M88.4,1037.4c-10.4,0-18.7,8.3-18.7,18.7v40.1c0,10.4,8.3,18.7,18.7,18.7h72.1c10.4,0,18.7-8.3,18.7-18.7 v-40.1c0-10.4-8.3-18.7-18.7-18.7H88.4z M115.2,1058.8l29.4,17.4l-29.4,17.4V1058.8z"></path>
|
|
</g>
|
|
</svg></a></li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12">
|
|
<p class="address_footer text-white">National Library of Medicine<br />
|
|
<a href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/8600+Rockville+Pike,+Bethesda,+MD+20894/@38.9959508,-77.101021,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x89b7c95e25765ddb:0x19156f88b27635b8!8m2!3d38.9959508!4d-77.0988323" class="text-white" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">8600 Rockville Pike<br />
|
|
Bethesda, MD 20894</a></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12 centered-lg">
|
|
<p><a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/web_policies.html" class="text-white">Web Policies</a><br />
|
|
<a href="https://www.nih.gov/institutes-nih/nih-office-director/office-communications-public-liaison/freedom-information-act-office" class="text-white">FOIA</a><br />
|
|
<a href="https://www.hhs.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy/index.html" class="text-white" id="vdp">HHS Vulnerability Disclosure</a></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="col-lg-3 col-12 centered-lg">
|
|
<p><a class="supportLink text-white" href="https://support.nlm.nih.gov/">Help</a><br />
|
|
<a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/accessibility.html" class="text-white">Accessibility</a><br />
|
|
<a href="https://www.nlm.nih.gov/careers/careers.html" class="text-white">Careers</a></p>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div class="row">
|
|
<div class="col-lg-12 centered-lg">
|
|
<nav class="bottom-links">
|
|
<ul class="mt-3">
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a class="text-white" href="//www.nlm.nih.gov/">NLM</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a class="text-white" href="https://www.nih.gov/">NIH</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a class="text-white" href="https://www.hhs.gov/">HHS</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
<li>
|
|
<a class="text-white" href="https://www.usa.gov/">USA.gov</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</section>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/rlib/js/InstrumentOmnitureBaseJS/InstrumentNCBIConfigJS/InstrumentNCBIBaseJS/InstrumentPageStarterJS.js?v=1"> </script>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/static/js/hfjs2.js"> </script>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<!--/.page-->
|
|
</div>
|
|
<!--/.wrap-->
|
|
</div><!-- /.twelve_col -->
|
|
</div>
|
|
<!-- /.grid -->
|
|
|
|
<span class="PAFAppResources"></span>
|
|
|
|
<!-- BESelector tab -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<noscript><img alt="statistics" src="/stat?jsdisabled=true&ncbi_db=books&ncbi_pdid=book-toc&ncbi_acc=NBK333424&ncbi_domain=spyogenes&ncbi_report=record&ncbi_type=fulltext&ncbi_objectid=&ncbi_pcid=/NBK333424/&ncbi_pagename=Streptococcus pyogenes - NCBI Bookshelf&ncbi_bookparttype=toc&ncbi_app=bookshelf" /></noscript>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- usually for JS scripts at page bottom -->
|
|
<!--<component id="PageFixtures" label="styles"></component>-->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- CE8BC1E97D9F05E1_0182SID /projects/books/PBooks@9.11 portal106 v4.1.r689238 Tue, Oct 22 2024 16:10:51 -->
|
|
<span id="portal-csrf-token" style="display:none" data-token="CE8BC1E97D9F05E1_0182SID"></span>
|
|
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4216699/js/3879255/4121861/3501987/4008961/3893018/3821238/4062932/4209313/4212053/4076480/3921943/3400083/3426610.js" snapshot="books"></script></body>
|
|
</html> |