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<div class="pre-content"><div><div class="bk_prnt"><p class="small">NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.</p></div><div class="pagination bk_noprnt"><span class="inactive page_link prev">< Prev</span><a class="active page_link next" href="/books/n/stembook/stembookAbout/" title="Next page in this title">Next ></a></div></div></div>
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<div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Book"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix no_top_margin"><a href="http://www.stembook.org/" title="Harvard Stem Cell Institute" class="img_link icnblk_img" ref="pagearea=logo&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher"><img class="source-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-stembook-lrg.png" alt="Cover of StemBook" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h1 id="_NBK27044_"><span itemprop="name">StemBook</span></h1><div class="half_rhythm">Cambridge (MA): <a href="http://www.stembook.org/" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher"><span itemprop="publisher">Harvard Stem Cell Institute</span></a>; <span itemprop="datePublished">2008</span>-.<div class="small">ISSN: 1940-3429</div></div><div class="half_rhythm"><ul class="inline_list"><li><span class="label"><a data-jig="ncbidialog" href="#_ncbi_dlg_cpyrght_NBK27044" data-jigconfig="modal:true">Copyright and
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Permissions</a></span></li></ul></div><div id="_ncbi_dlg_cpyrght_NBK27044" style="display:none" title="Copyright and Permissions"><div><div>Copyright © 2013 by the Massachusetts General Hospital. Some sections copyright 2008-2009 by The President and Fellows of Harvard College.</div><div class="half_rhythm"><div>All content unless otherwise noted is licensed under a Creative Commons
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Attribution 3.0 Unported License.</div></div></div></div><div class="bk_noprnt"><form method="get" action="/books/n/stembook/" id="bk_srch"><div class="bk_search"><label for="bk_term" class="offscreen_noflow">Search term</label><input type="text" title="Search this book" id="bk_term" name="term" value="" data-jig="ncbiclearbutton" /> <input type="submit" class="jig-ncbibutton" value="Search this book" submit="false" style="padding: 0.1em 0.4em;" /></div></form></div></div></div></div><div class="body-content whole_rhythm" itemprop="text"><div itemprop="description"><p>StemBook is an open access collection of invited, original, peer-reviewed chapters
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covering a range of topics related to stem cell biology written by top researchers
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in the field at the Harvard Stem Cell Institute and worldwide. StemBook is aimed at
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stem cell and non-specialist researchers.</p><p>In addition to the contributions of the editorial board and the stem cell research
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community, the project is being done in collaboration with several other enterprises
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including Harvard’s Initiative in Innovative Computing. The Initiative in Innovative
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Computing created the Scientific Collaboration Framework (SCF), the extensible
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software infrastructure used for the project. SCF and the StemBook project were
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funded, in part, by a generous grant from an anonymous foundation and also
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appreciates the input of WormBase's Textpresso team.</p></div><div><h2>Contents</h2><div class="bktoc_all_cntnr top align_right" style="display:none"><ul class="inline_list_right"><li><a class="bktoc_all_exp" href="#">Expand All</a></li><li style="margin-left:.8em"><a class="bktoc_all_clps" href="#">Collapse All</a></li></ul></div><ul id="toc_tllNBK27044_toc_stembookAbout" class="simple-list toc toc-toggle"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_stembookAbout"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/stembookAbout/">About StemBook</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sb_p1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sb.p1/">Cellular and nuclear reprogramming</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_sb_p1" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_inducingpluripotency"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/inducingpluripotency/">Inducing pluripotency</a><div>Kit T Rodolfa.</div><div class="small">Published September 30, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_inducingpluripotency" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_inducingpluripotency_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/inducingpluripotency/#inducingpluripotency.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_inducingpluripotency_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/inducingpluripotency/#inducingpluripotency.sec1-2">Nuclear transfer</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_inducingpluripotency_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/inducingpluripotency/#inducingpluripotency.sec1-3">Cellular fusion</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_inducingpluripotency_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/inducingpluripotency/#inducingpluripotency.sec1-4">Cell explantation</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_inducingpluripotency_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/inducingpluripotency/#inducingpluripotency.sec1-5">Direct reprogramming</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_inducingpluripotency_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/inducingpluripotency/#inducingpluripotency.sec1-6">Conclusions and future prospects</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_inducingpluripotency_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/inducingpluripotency/#inducingpluripotency.ack">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_inducingpluripotency_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/inducingpluripotency/#inducingpluripotency.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_stemcellsinanimalmodels"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/stemcellsinanimalmodels/">Stem cells in animal models of regeneration</a><div>Kyle A Gurley and Alejandro Sánchez Alvarado.</div><div class="small">Published December 31, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_stemcellsinanimalmodels" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_stemcellsinanimalmodels_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/stemcellsinanimalmodels/#stemcellsinanimalmodels.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_stemcellsinanimalmodels_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/stemcellsinanimalmodels/#stemcellsinanimalmodels.sec1-2">Regeneration in Amphibians: Urodeles (salamanders, newts, axolotls)</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_stemcellsinanimalmodels_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/stemcellsinanimalmodels/#stemcellsinanimalmodels.sec1-3">Regeneration in Amphibians: Anurans (frogs, toads)</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_stemcellsinanimalmodels_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/stemcellsinanimalmodels/#stemcellsinanimalmodels.sec1-4">Regeneration in Zebrafish</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_stemcellsinanimalmodels_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/stemcellsinanimalmodels/#stemcellsinanimalmodels.sec1-5">Regeneration in planarians</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_stemcellsinanimalmodels_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/stemcellsinanimalmodels/#stemcellsinanimalmodels.sec1-6">Concluding remarks</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_stemcellsinanimalmodels_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/stemcellsinanimalmodels/#stemcellsinanimalmodels.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_smallrnas"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/smallrnas/">Small RNAs – their biogenesis, regulation and function in embryonic stem cells</a><div>Joshua E Babiarz and Robert Blelloch.</div><div class="small">Published May 31, 2009.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_smallrnas" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_smallrnas_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/smallrnas/#smallrnas.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_smallrnas_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/smallrnas/#smallrnas.sec1-2">The Biogenesis of miRNAs and related small RNAs</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_smallrnas_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/smallrnas/#smallrnas.sec1-3">The role of small RNAs in embryonic stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_smallrnas_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/smallrnas/#smallrnas.sec1-4">Transcriptional regulation of the miRNA content of a cell</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_smallrnas_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/smallrnas/#smallrnas.sec1-5">Post-transcriptional regulation of the processing of miRNAs</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_smallrnas_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/smallrnas/#smallrnas.sec1-6">miRNAs and induced pluripotency</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_smallrnas_sec1-7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/smallrnas/#smallrnas.sec1-7">Non-canonical miRNAs and endogenous siRNAs</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_smallrnas_sec1-8"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/smallrnas/#smallrnas.sec1-8">Conclusions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_smallrnas_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/smallrnas/#smallrnas.rl">References</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sb_p2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sb.p2/">Ectoderm specification and differentiation</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_sb_p2" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thecranialsensorynervoussystem"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thecranialsensorynervoussystem/">The cranial sensory nervous system: specification of sensory progenitors and placodes</a><div>Andrea Streit.</div><div class="small">Published December 15, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_thecranialsensorynervoussystem" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thecranialsensorynervoussystem_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thecranialsensorynervoussystem/#thecranialsensorynervoussystem.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thecranialsensorynervoussystem_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thecranialsensorynervoussystem/#thecranialsensorynervoussystem.sec1-2">Sensory placodes and their derivatives</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thecranialsensorynervoussystem_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thecranialsensorynervoussystem/#thecranialsensorynervoussystem.sec1-3">A unique territory of multipotent sensory progenitors</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thecranialsensorynervoussystem_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thecranialsensorynervoussystem/#thecranialsensorynervoussystem.sec1-4">Six and Eya genes and their role in placode development</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thecranialsensorynervoussystem_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thecranialsensorynervoussystem/#thecranialsensorynervoussystem.sec1-5">Induction of the placode territory through combinatorial signalling</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thecranialsensorynervoussystem_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thecranialsensorynervoussystem/#thecranialsensorynervoussystem.sec1-6">Specification of individual placodes from common field</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thecranialsensorynervoussystem_sec1-7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thecranialsensorynervoussystem/#thecranialsensorynervoussystem.sec1-7">Conclusions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thecranialsensorynervoussystem_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thecranialsensorynervoussystem/#thecranialsensorynervoussystem.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_toothorganogenesisandregeneration"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/toothorganogenesisandregeneration/">Tooth organogenesis and regeneration</a><div>Irma Thesleff and Mark Tummers.</div><div class="small">Published January 31, 2009.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_toothorganogenesisandregeneration" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_toothorganogenesisandregeneration_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/toothorganogenesisandregeneration/#toothorganogenesisandregeneration.sec1-1">Morphogenesis and cell differentiation during tooth development</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_toothorganogenesisandregeneration_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/toothorganogenesisandregeneration/#toothorganogenesisandregeneration.sec1-2">Cell and tissue interactions and signaling centers</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_toothorganogenesisandregeneration_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/toothorganogenesisandregeneration/#toothorganogenesisandregeneration.sec1-3">Regulation and molecular basis of odontogenic competence</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_toothorganogenesisandregeneration_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/toothorganogenesisandregeneration/#toothorganogenesisandregeneration.sec1-4">Regeneration capacity and stem cells in mammalian teeth</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_toothorganogenesisandregeneration_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/toothorganogenesisandregeneration/#toothorganogenesisandregeneration.sec1-5">Mouse incisor stem cell niche</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_toothorganogenesisandregeneration_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/toothorganogenesisandregeneration/#toothorganogenesisandregeneration.sec1-6">Molecular regulation of the stem cell niche</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_toothorganogenesisandregeneration_sec1-7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/toothorganogenesisandregeneration/#toothorganogenesisandregeneration.sec1-7">Future perspectives for stem cell – based tooth bioengineering</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_toothorganogenesisandregeneration_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/toothorganogenesisandregeneration/#toothorganogenesisandregeneration.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_melanocytestemcells"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/melanocytestemcells/">Melanocyte stem cells</a><div>Masatake Osawa.</div><div class="small">Published June 30, 2009.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_melanocytestemcells" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_melanocytestemcells_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/melanocytestemcells/#melanocytestemcells.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_melanocytestemcells_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/melanocytestemcells/#melanocytestemcells.sec1-2">Melanocyte biology</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_melanocytestemcells_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/melanocytestemcells/#melanocytestemcells.sec1-3">Melanocyte stem cells and regeneration of pigmentary system</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_melanocytestemcells_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/melanocytestemcells/#melanocytestemcells.sec1-4">Molecular basis of melanocyte stem cell regulation</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_melanocytestemcells_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/melanocytestemcells/#melanocytestemcells.sec1-5">Hair graying: loss of melanocyte stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_melanocytestemcells_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/melanocytestemcells/#melanocytestemcells.sec1-6">Melanocyte stem cells: a model for the study of stem cell specification</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_melanocytestemcells_sec1-7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/melanocytestemcells/#melanocytestemcells.sec1-7">Concluding remarks</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_melanocytestemcells_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/melanocytestemcells/#melanocytestemcells.ack">Acknowledgement</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_melanocytestemcells_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/melanocytestemcells/#melanocytestemcells.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea/">Limbal epithelial stem cells of the cornea</a><div>Genevieve A Secker and Julie T Daniels.</div><div class="small">Published June 30, 2009.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea/#limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea.sec1-1">Function and structure of the cornea</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea/#limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea.sec1-2">Corneal development</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea/#limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea.sec1-3">The stroma and endothelium</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea/#limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea.sec1-4">The corneal epithelium</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea/#limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea.sec1-5">Homeostasis in the corneal epithelium</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea/#limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea.sec1-6">Limbal epithelial stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea_sec1-7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea/#limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea.sec1-7">Evidence for stem cells in the corneal limbus</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea_sec1-8"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea/#limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea.sec1-8">Summary</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea/#limbalepithelialstemcellsofthecornea.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_neuralcrestderivedstemcells"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/neuralcrestderivedstemcells/">Neural crest-derived stem cells</a><div>Olga Shakhova and Lukas Sommer.</div><div class="small">Published May 4, 2010.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_neuralcrestderivedstemcells" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_neuralcrestderivedstemcells_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/neuralcrestderivedstemcells/#neuralcrestderivedstemcells.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_neuralcrestderivedstemcells_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/neuralcrestderivedstemcells/#neuralcrestderivedstemcells.sec1-2">Embryonic neural crest</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_neuralcrestderivedstemcells_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/neuralcrestderivedstemcells/#neuralcrestderivedstemcells.sec1-3">Postmigratory NCSCs</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_neuralcrestderivedstemcells_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/neuralcrestderivedstemcells/#neuralcrestderivedstemcells.sec1-4">NCSCs and other cells with neural potential in the skin</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_neuralcrestderivedstemcells_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/neuralcrestderivedstemcells/#neuralcrestderivedstemcells.sec1-5">Conclusive remarks and perspective</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_neuralcrestderivedstemcells_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/neuralcrestderivedstemcells/#neuralcrestderivedstemcells.ack">Acknowledgments</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_neuralcrestderivedstemcells_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/neuralcrestderivedstemcells/#neuralcrestderivedstemcells.rl">References</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sb_p3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sb.p3/">Endoderm specification and differentiation</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_sb_p3" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_pancreaticstemcells"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/pancreaticstemcells/">Pancreatic stem cells</a><div>L Charles Murtaugh and Daniel Kopinke.</div><div class="small">Published July 11, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_pancreaticstemcells" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_pancreaticstemcells_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/pancreaticstemcells/#pancreaticstemcells.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_pancreaticstemcells_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/pancreaticstemcells/#pancreaticstemcells.sec1-2">The normal pancreas: embryonic development and adult homeostasis</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_pancreaticstemcells_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/pancreaticstemcells/#pancreaticstemcells.sec1-3">Pancreatic regeneration: re-growth or re-differentiation?</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_pancreaticstemcells_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/pancreaticstemcells/#pancreaticstemcells.sec1-4">The exception that proves the rule: pancreatic duct ligation</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_pancreaticstemcells_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/pancreaticstemcells/#pancreaticstemcells.sec1-5">Duct-to-islet differentiation: in vitro veritas?</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_pancreaticstemcells_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/pancreaticstemcells/#pancreaticstemcells.sec1-6">From embryonic stem cell to beta-cell</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_pancreaticstemcells_sec1-7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/pancreaticstemcells/#pancreaticstemcells.sec1-7">Conclusions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_pancreaticstemcells_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/pancreaticstemcells/#pancreaticstemcells.ack">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_pancreaticstemcells_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/pancreaticstemcells/#pancreaticstemcells.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_specificationandpatterning"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/specificationandpatterning/">Specification and patterning of the respiratory system</a><div>Wellington V Cardoso and Darrell N Kotton.</div><div class="small">Published July 16, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_specificationandpatterning" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_specificationandpatterning_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/specificationandpatterning/#specificationandpatterning.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_specificationandpatterning_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/specificationandpatterning/#specificationandpatterning.sec1-2">Specification of respiratory progenitors in the foregut</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_specificationandpatterning_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/specificationandpatterning/#specificationandpatterning.sec1-3">Fgf signaling and induction of respiratory cell fate</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_specificationandpatterning_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/specificationandpatterning/#specificationandpatterning.sec1-4">Activation of Fgf10-Fgfr2b signaling in lung progenitors is critical for bud morphogenesis</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_specificationandpatterning_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/specificationandpatterning/#specificationandpatterning.sec1-5">Gene interactions in the prospective respiratory field control Fgf10 expression and patterning of the lung primordium</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_specificationandpatterning_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/specificationandpatterning/#specificationandpatterning.sec1-6">Retinoids in early lung development</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_specificationandpatterning_sec1-7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/specificationandpatterning/#specificationandpatterning.sec1-7">Dorsal-ventral (D-V) patterning and tracheal-esophageal separation</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_specificationandpatterning_sec1-8"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/specificationandpatterning/#specificationandpatterning.sec1-8">Gata6 in lung development</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_specificationandpatterning_sec1-9"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/specificationandpatterning/#specificationandpatterning.sec1-9">Canonical Wnt signaling in lung cell fate decisions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_specificationandpatterning_sec1-10"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/specificationandpatterning/#specificationandpatterning.sec1-10">Chromatin remodeling and development</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_specificationandpatterning_sec1-11"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/specificationandpatterning/#specificationandpatterning.sec1-11">Do residual lung epithelial stem/progenitor cells remain after lung development is complete?</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_specificationandpatterning_sec1-12"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/specificationandpatterning/#specificationandpatterning.sec1-12">Embryonic stem cells and lung epithelial differentiation</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_specificationandpatterning_sec1-13"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/specificationandpatterning/#specificationandpatterning.sec1-13">Concluding remarks and perspectives</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_specificationandpatterning_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/specificationandpatterning/#specificationandpatterning.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_liverdevelopment"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/liverdevelopment/">Liver development</a><div>Aaron M Zorn.</div><div class="small">Published October 31, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_liverdevelopment" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_liverdevelopment_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/liverdevelopment/#liverdevelopment.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_liverdevelopment_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/liverdevelopment/#liverdevelopment.sec1-2">Endoderm formation</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_liverdevelopment_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/liverdevelopment/#liverdevelopment.sec1-3">Endoderm patterning: making the foregut</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_liverdevelopment_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/liverdevelopment/#liverdevelopment.sec1-4">Hepatic induction by FGF and BMP</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_liverdevelopment_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/liverdevelopment/#liverdevelopment.sec1-5">Liver bud morphogenesis</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_liverdevelopment_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/liverdevelopment/#liverdevelopment.sec1-6">Liver bud growth</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_liverdevelopment_sec1-7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/liverdevelopment/#liverdevelopment.sec1-7">Differentiation of hepatocytes and biliary epithelial cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_liverdevelopment_sec1-8"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/liverdevelopment/#liverdevelopment.sec1-8">Gall bladder and extrahepatic bile ducts</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_liverdevelopment_sec1-9"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/liverdevelopment/#liverdevelopment.sec1-9">Liver stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_liverdevelopment_sec1-10"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/liverdevelopment/#liverdevelopment.sec1-10">Conclusions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_liverdevelopment_sec1-11"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/liverdevelopment/#liverdevelopment.sec1-11">Acknowledgement</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_liverdevelopment_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/liverdevelopment/#liverdevelopment.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_endodermspecification"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/endodermspecification/">Endoderm specification</a><div>Anne Grapin-Botton.</div><div class="small">Published November 30, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_endodermspecification" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_endodermspecification_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/endodermspecification/#endodermspecification.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_endodermspecification_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/endodermspecification/#endodermspecification.sec1-2">Cellular aspects of endoderm emergence</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_endodermspecification_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/endodermspecification/#endodermspecification.sec1-3">Molecular control of definitive endoderm formation</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_endodermspecification_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/endodermspecification/#endodermspecification.sec1-4">Engineering endoderm</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_endodermspecification_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/endodermspecification/#endodermspecification.sec1-5">Endoderm regionalization and morphogenesis</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_endodermspecification_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/endodermspecification/#endodermspecification.sec1-6">Differentiation of extraembryonic endoderm lineages</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_endodermspecification_sec1-7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/endodermspecification/#endodermspecification.sec1-7">Concluding remarks</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_endodermspecification_sec1-8"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/endodermspecification/#endodermspecification.sec1-8">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_endodermspecification_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/endodermspecification/#endodermspecification.rl">References</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sb_p4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sb.p4/">Epigenetics</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_sb_p4" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode/">Epigenetic Mechanisms Controlling Mesodermal Specification</a><div>Maria Jose Barrero and Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte.</div><div class="small">Published December 10, 2012.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode_sec1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode/#epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode.sec1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode_sec2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode/#epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode.sec2">The dynamic equilibrium of undifferentiated ES cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode_sec3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode/#epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode.sec3">Mesodermal specification in stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode_sec4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode/#epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode.sec4">The resolution of the bivalent domains; a crucial step for specification</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode_sec5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode/#epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode.sec5">Control of specification by microRNAs</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode_sec6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode/#epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode.sec6">Future directions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode/#epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode.ack">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode/#epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode.rl">Bibliography</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_imagingchromatininembryonicstem"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/imagingchromatininembryonicstem/">Imaging chromatin in embryonic stem cells</a><div>Eran Meshorer.</div><div class="small">Published July 11, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_imagingchromatininembryonicstem" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_imagingchromatininembryonicstem_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/imagingchromatininembryonicstem/#imagingchromatininembryonicstem.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_imagingchromatininembryonicstem_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/imagingchromatininembryonicstem/#imagingchromatininembryonicstem.sec1-2">Chromatin structural changes in stem cell differentiation</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_imagingchromatininembryonicstem_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/imagingchromatininembryonicstem/#imagingchromatininembryonicstem.sec1-3">In vivo imaging of chromatin</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_imagingchromatininembryonicstem_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/imagingchromatininembryonicstem/#imagingchromatininembryonicstem.sec1-4">Photobleaching methods to follow nuclear dynamics</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_imagingchromatininembryonicstem_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/imagingchromatininembryonicstem/#imagingchromatininembryonicstem.sec1-5">The hyperdynamic stem cell chromatin</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_imagingchromatininembryonicstem_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/imagingchromatininembryonicstem/#imagingchromatininembryonicstem.sec1-6">Imaging chromatin-protein interactions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_imagingchromatininembryonicstem_sec1-7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/imagingchromatininembryonicstem/#imagingchromatininembryonicstem.sec1-7">Chromatin motion</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_imagingchromatininembryonicstem_sec1-8"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/imagingchromatininembryonicstem/#imagingchromatininembryonicstem.sec1-8">Future perspectives</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_imagingchromatininembryonicstem_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/imagingchromatininembryonicstem/#imagingchromatininembryonicstem.ack">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_imagingchromatininembryonicstem_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/imagingchromatininembryonicstem/#imagingchromatininembryonicstem.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticsilencing"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticsilencing/">Epigenetic silencing during early lineage commitment</a><div>Howard Cedar and Yehudit Bergman.</div><div class="small">Published April 30, 2009.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticsilencing" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticsilencing_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticsilencing/#epigeneticsilencing.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticsilencing_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticsilencing/#epigeneticsilencing.sec1-2">Establishment of DNA methylation patterns</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticsilencing_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticsilencing/#epigeneticsilencing.sec1-3">Role of DNA methylation</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticsilencing_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticsilencing/#epigeneticsilencing.sec1-4">Repression complexes</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticsilencing_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticsilencing/#epigeneticsilencing.sec1-5">Post implantation gene repression</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticsilencing_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticsilencing/#epigeneticsilencing.sec1-6">DNA replication timing and gene repression</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticsilencing_sec1-7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticsilencing/#epigeneticsilencing.sec1-7">Long-term silencing</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticsilencing_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticsilencing/#epigeneticsilencing.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thechromatinsignature"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thechromatinsignature/">The chromatin signature of pluripotent cells</a><div>Ky Sha and Laurie A Boyer.</div><div class="small">Published May 31, 2009.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_thechromatinsignature" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thechromatinsignature_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thechromatinsignature/#thechromatinsignature.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thechromatinsignature_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thechromatinsignature/#thechromatinsignature.sec1-2">The chromatin landscape of the pluripotent genome</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thechromatinsignature_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thechromatinsignature/#thechromatinsignature.sec1-3">Histone modifiers and chromatin remodelers shape the stem cell genome</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thechromatinsignature_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thechromatinsignature/#thechromatinsignature.sec1-4">Chromatin and reprogramming cell fate</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thechromatinsignature_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thechromatinsignature/#thechromatinsignature.sec1-5">Perspectives and Future Directions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thechromatinsignature_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thechromatinsignature/#thechromatinsignature.ack">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thechromatinsignature_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thechromatinsignature/#thechromatinsignature.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_stemcellscancerandepigenetics"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/stemcellscancerandepigenetics/">Stem cells, cancer, and epigenetics</a><div>Stephen B Baylin.</div><div class="small">Published October 31, 2009.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_stemcellscancerandepigenetics" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_stemcellscancerandepigenetics_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/stemcellscancerandepigenetics/#stemcellscancerandepigenetics.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_stemcellscancerandepigenetics_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/stemcellscancerandepigenetics/#stemcellscancerandepigenetics.sec1-2">Relationships bewteen promoter DNA hypermethylation, genes which regulate stem/progenitor cells, and initiation of human cancer</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_stemcellscancerandepigenetics_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/stemcellscancerandepigenetics/#stemcellscancerandepigenetics.sec1-3">Mouse knockout studies of the gene, <i>hypermethylated in cancer 1</i> (<i>HIC1</i>), indicate that stem/progenitor cell related, epigenetic abnormalities, can contribute to the initiation of cancer</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_stemcellscancerandepigenetics_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/stemcellscancerandepigenetics/#stemcellscancerandepigenetics.sec1-4">Relationships between a regulatory chromatin pattern in embryonic cells, abnormal promoter DNA hypermethylation, and cell progression to cancer</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_stemcellscancerandepigenetics_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/stemcellscancerandepigenetics/#stemcellscancerandepigenetics.sec1-5">Future directions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_stemcellscancerandepigenetics_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/stemcellscancerandepigenetics/#stemcellscancerandepigenetics.rl">References</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sb_p5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sb.p5/">Genomics and proteomics</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_sb_p5" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_proteomicstudiesofstemcells"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/proteomicstudiesofstemcells/">Proteomic studies of stem cells</a><div>Jianlong Wang, Jennifer J Trowbridge, Sridhar Rao, and Stuart H Orkin.</div><div class="small">Published July 14, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_proteomicstudiesofstemcells" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_proteomicstudiesofstemcells_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/proteomicstudiesofstemcells/#proteomicstudiesofstemcells.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_proteomicstudiesofstemcells_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/proteomicstudiesofstemcells/#proteomicstudiesofstemcells.sec1-2">Proteomic studies of embryonic stem cells (ESCs)</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_proteomicstudiesofstemcells_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/proteomicstudiesofstemcells/#proteomicstudiesofstemcells.sec1-3">Proteomic studies of adult stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_proteomicstudiesofstemcells_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/proteomicstudiesofstemcells/#proteomicstudiesofstemcells.sec1-4">Concluding remarks</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_proteomicstudiesofstemcells_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/proteomicstudiesofstemcells/#proteomicstudiesofstemcells.ack">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_proteomicstudiesofstemcells_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/proteomicstudiesofstemcells/#proteomicstudiesofstemcells.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_genomewidetranscriptionfactor"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/genomewidetranscriptionfactor/">Genome-wide transcription factor localization and function in stem cells</a><div>Wai-Leong Tam and Bing Lim.</div><div class="small">Published September 15, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_genomewidetranscriptionfactor" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_genomewidetranscriptionfactor_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/genomewidetranscriptionfactor/#genomewidetranscriptionfactor.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_genomewidetranscriptionfactor_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/genomewidetranscriptionfactor/#genomewidetranscriptionfactor.sec1-2">Key regulators of pluripotency</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_genomewidetranscriptionfactor_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/genomewidetranscriptionfactor/#genomewidetranscriptionfactor.sec1-3">The transcriptional landscape in ESCs</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_genomewidetranscriptionfactor_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/genomewidetranscriptionfactor/#genomewidetranscriptionfactor.sec1-4">The transcriptional landscape in somatic stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_genomewidetranscriptionfactor_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/genomewidetranscriptionfactor/#genomewidetranscriptionfactor.sec1-5">Reactivating pluripotency</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_genomewidetranscriptionfactor_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/genomewidetranscriptionfactor/#genomewidetranscriptionfactor.sec1-6">Cell type-dependent regulation of distinct circuitries</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_genomewidetranscriptionfactor_sec1-7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/genomewidetranscriptionfactor/#genomewidetranscriptionfactor.sec1-7">The integration of microRNAs in transcription circuits</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_genomewidetranscriptionfactor_sec1-8"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/genomewidetranscriptionfactor/#genomewidetranscriptionfactor.sec1-8">Perspectives</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_genomewidetranscriptionfactor_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/genomewidetranscriptionfactor/#genomewidetranscriptionfactor.ack">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_genomewidetranscriptionfactor_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/genomewidetranscriptionfactor/#genomewidetranscriptionfactor.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thepluripotenttranscriptome"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thepluripotenttranscriptome/">The pluripotent transcriptome</a><div>Marica Grskovic and Miguel Ramalho-Santos.</div><div class="small">Published October 10, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_thepluripotenttranscriptome" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thepluripotenttranscriptome_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thepluripotenttranscriptome/#thepluripotenttranscriptome.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thepluripotenttranscriptome_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thepluripotenttranscriptome/#thepluripotenttranscriptome.sec1-2">Molecular signature of pluripotent stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thepluripotenttranscriptome_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thepluripotenttranscriptome/#thepluripotenttranscriptome.sec1-3">Co-expression to co-regulation: regulatory pathways</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thepluripotenttranscriptome_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thepluripotenttranscriptome/#thepluripotenttranscriptome.sec1-4">Novel genes and splice variants</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thepluripotenttranscriptome_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thepluripotenttranscriptome/#thepluripotenttranscriptome.sec1-5">Is everything transcribed? In every ES cell?</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thepluripotenttranscriptome_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thepluripotenttranscriptome/#thepluripotenttranscriptome.sec1-6">Differences between mouse and human ES cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thepluripotenttranscriptome_sec1-7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thepluripotenttranscriptome/#thepluripotenttranscriptome.sec1-7">Expression of the pluripotent transcriptome in cancer</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thepluripotenttranscriptome_sec1-8"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thepluripotenttranscriptome/#thepluripotenttranscriptome.sec1-8">In vivo transcriptomics – a germline connection?</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thepluripotenttranscriptome_sec1-9"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thepluripotenttranscriptome/#thepluripotenttranscriptome.sec1-9">Concluding remarks</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thepluripotenttranscriptome_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thepluripotenttranscriptome/#thepluripotenttranscriptome.ack">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thepluripotenttranscriptome_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thepluripotenttranscriptome/#thepluripotenttranscriptome.rl">References</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sb_p6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sb.p6/">Germ cell and somatic stem cell biology in reproduction</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_sb_p6" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_regulationofspermatogonia"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/regulationofspermatogonia/">Regulation of spermatogonia</a><div>Qing Zhou and Michael D Griswold.</div><div class="small">Published July 14, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_regulationofspermatogonia" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_regulationofspermatogonia_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/regulationofspermatogonia/#regulationofspermatogonia.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_regulationofspermatogonia_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/regulationofspermatogonia/#regulationofspermatogonia.sec1-2">Spermatogenesis: in general</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_regulationofspermatogonia_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/regulationofspermatogonia/#regulationofspermatogonia.sec1-3">Spermatogonia</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_regulationofspermatogonia_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/regulationofspermatogonia/#regulationofspermatogonia.sec1-4">Conclusions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_regulationofspermatogonia_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/regulationofspermatogonia/#regulationofspermatogonia.sec1-5">Grant Support</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_regulationofspermatogonia_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/regulationofspermatogonia/#regulationofspermatogonia.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_pirnafunctioningermlinedevelopment"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/pirnafunctioningermlinedevelopment/">piRNA function in germline development</a><div>Jaspreet S Khurana and William E Theurkauf.</div><div class="small">Published July 30, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_pirnafunctioningermlinedevelopment" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_pirnafunctioningermlinedevelopment_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/pirnafunctioningermlinedevelopment/#pirnafunctioningermlinedevelopment.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_pirnafunctioningermlinedevelopment_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/pirnafunctioningermlinedevelopment/#pirnafunctioningermlinedevelopment.sec1-2">Germline development in <i>Drosophila</i></a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_pirnafunctioningermlinedevelopment_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/pirnafunctioningermlinedevelopment/#pirnafunctioningermlinedevelopment.sec1-3">Germline development in Zebrafish</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_pirnafunctioningermlinedevelopment_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/pirnafunctioningermlinedevelopment/#pirnafunctioningermlinedevelopment.sec1-4">Germline development in mouse</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_pirnafunctioningermlinedevelopment_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/pirnafunctioningermlinedevelopment/#pirnafunctioningermlinedevelopment.sec1-5">Summary and perspective</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_pirnafunctioningermlinedevelopment_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/pirnafunctioningermlinedevelopment/#pirnafunctioningermlinedevelopment.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theroleofmicrornasingermline"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theroleofmicrornasingermline/">The role of microRNAs in germline differentiation</a><div>Steve Reynolds and Hannele Ruohola-Baker.</div><div class="small">Published September 15, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_theroleofmicrornasingermline" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theroleofmicrornasingermline_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theroleofmicrornasingermline/#theroleofmicrornasingermline.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theroleofmicrornasingermline_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theroleofmicrornasingermline/#theroleofmicrornasingermline.sec1-2">Origin of the germline</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theroleofmicrornasingermline_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theroleofmicrornasingermline/#theroleofmicrornasingermline.sec1-3">microRNA biogenesis and function</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theroleofmicrornasingermline_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theroleofmicrornasingermline/#theroleofmicrornasingermline.sec1-4">The three ages of the germline</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theroleofmicrornasingermline_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theroleofmicrornasingermline/#theroleofmicrornasingermline.sec1-5">Summary</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theroleofmicrornasingermline_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theroleofmicrornasingermline/#theroleofmicrornasingermline.ack">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theroleofmicrornasingermline_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theroleofmicrornasingermline/#theroleofmicrornasingermline.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_germlinestemcellniches"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/germlinestemcellniches/">Germline stem cell niches</a><div>Ting Xie.</div><div class="small">Published September 30, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_germlinestemcellniches" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_germlinestemcellniches_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/germlinestemcellniches/#germlinestemcellniches.sec1-1">The anatomically simplest GSC niche in <i>C. elegans</i></a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_germlinestemcellniches_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/germlinestemcellniches/#germlinestemcellniches.sec1-2">The first structurally and functionally defined GSC niche in the <i>Drosophila</i> ovary</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_germlinestemcellniches_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/germlinestemcellniches/#germlinestemcellniches.sec1-3">The structurally and mechanistically well-studied GSC niche in the <i>Drosophila</i> testis</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_germlinestemcellniches_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/germlinestemcellniches/#germlinestemcellniches.sec1-4">The complex GSC niche yet to be defined structurally and functionally in the mouse testis</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_germlinestemcellniches_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/germlinestemcellniches/#germlinestemcellniches.sec1-5">Commonalities and differences in different GSC niches</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_germlinestemcellniches_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/germlinestemcellniches/#germlinestemcellniches.sec1-6">Conclusions and future directions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_germlinestemcellniches_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/germlinestemcellniches/#germlinestemcellniches.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_uterinestemcells"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/uterinestemcells/">Uterine stem cells</a><div>Jose Teixeira, Bo R Rueda, and James K Pru.</div><div class="small">Published September 30, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_uterinestemcells" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_uterinestemcells_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/uterinestemcells/#uterinestemcells.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_uterinestemcells_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/uterinestemcells/#uterinestemcells.sec1-2">Uterine development</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_uterinestemcells_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/uterinestemcells/#uterinestemcells.sec1-3">Adult uterine stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_uterinestemcells_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/uterinestemcells/#uterinestemcells.sec1-4">Endometrial cancer</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_uterinestemcells_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/uterinestemcells/#uterinestemcells.sec1-5">Conclusion</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_uterinestemcells_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/uterinestemcells/#uterinestemcells.ack">Acknowledgments</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_uterinestemcells_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/uterinestemcells/#uterinestemcells.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_modelinggermcelldifferentiation"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/modelinggermcelldifferentiation/">Modeling germ cell differentiation</a><div>Niels Geijsen and George Q Daley.</div><div class="small">Published November 30, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_modelinggermcelldifferentiation" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_modelinggermcelldifferentiation_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/modelinggermcelldifferentiation/#modelinggermcelldifferentiation.sec1-1">Germline differentiation of embryonic stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_modelinggermcelldifferentiation_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/modelinggermcelldifferentiation/#modelinggermcelldifferentiation.sec1-2">Applications, practical and ethical challenges</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_modelinggermcelldifferentiation_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/modelinggermcelldifferentiation/#modelinggermcelldifferentiation.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_lineageanalysisofstemcells"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/lineageanalysisofstemcells/">Lineage analysis of stem cells</a><div>DT Fox, LX Morris, T Nystul, and AC Spradling.</div><div class="small">Published January 31, 2009.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_lineageanalysisofstemcells" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_lineageanalysisofstemcells_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/lineageanalysisofstemcells/#lineageanalysisofstemcells.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_lineageanalysisofstemcells_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/lineageanalysisofstemcells/#lineageanalysisofstemcells.sec1-2">Lineage tracing methods</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_lineageanalysisofstemcells_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/lineageanalysisofstemcells/#lineageanalysisofstemcells.sec1-3">Identifying stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_lineageanalysisofstemcells_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/lineageanalysisofstemcells/#lineageanalysisofstemcells.sec1-4">Analyzing stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_lineageanalysisofstemcells_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/lineageanalysisofstemcells/#lineageanalysisofstemcells.sec1-5">Conclusion</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_lineageanalysisofstemcells_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/lineageanalysisofstemcells/#lineageanalysisofstemcells.ack">Acknowledgments</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_lineageanalysisofstemcells_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/lineageanalysisofstemcells/#lineageanalysisofstemcells.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_somaticstemcellsoftheovary"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/somaticstemcellsoftheovary/">Somatic stem cells of the ovary and their relationship to human ovarian cancers</a><div>Henry L Chang, David T MacLaughlin, and Patricia K Donahoe.</div><div class="small">Published April 30, 2009.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_somaticstemcellsoftheovary" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_somaticstemcellsoftheovary_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/somaticstemcellsoftheovary/#somaticstemcellsoftheovary.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_somaticstemcellsoftheovary_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/somaticstemcellsoftheovary/#somaticstemcellsoftheovary.sec1-2">Ovarian development</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_somaticstemcellsoftheovary_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/somaticstemcellsoftheovary/#somaticstemcellsoftheovary.sec1-3">Granulosa and theca cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_somaticstemcellsoftheovary_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/somaticstemcellsoftheovary/#somaticstemcellsoftheovary.sec1-4">Granulosa cell tumors and thecomas</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_somaticstemcellsoftheovary_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/somaticstemcellsoftheovary/#somaticstemcellsoftheovary.sec1-5">Ovarian surface epithelium and related malignancies</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_somaticstemcellsoftheovary_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/somaticstemcellsoftheovary/#somaticstemcellsoftheovary.ack">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_somaticstemcellsoftheovary_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/somaticstemcellsoftheovary/#somaticstemcellsoftheovary.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sexdifferentiationinmouseandman"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sexdifferentiationinmouseandman/">Sex differentiation in mouse and man and subsequent development of the female reproductive organs</a><div>Nelson A Arango, Ph.D. and Patricia K Donahoe, M.D.</div><div class="small">Published September 30, 2010.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_sexdifferentiationinmouseandman" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sexdifferentiationinmouseandman_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sexdifferentiationinmouseandman/#sexdifferentiationinmouseandman.sec1-1">Formation, proliferation, and migration of mouse primordial germ cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sexdifferentiationinmouseandman_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sexdifferentiationinmouseandman/#sexdifferentiationinmouseandman.sec1-2">Genital ridge formation</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sexdifferentiationinmouseandman_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sexdifferentiationinmouseandman/#sexdifferentiationinmouseandman.sec1-3">Testis development</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sexdifferentiationinmouseandman_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sexdifferentiationinmouseandman/#sexdifferentiationinmouseandman.sec1-4">Embryonic ovary development</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sexdifferentiationinmouseandman_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sexdifferentiationinmouseandman/#sexdifferentiationinmouseandman.sec1-5">Postnatal ovary development</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sexdifferentiationinmouseandman_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sexdifferentiationinmouseandman/#sexdifferentiationinmouseandman.sec1-6">Müllerian duct formation</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sexdifferentiationinmouseandman_sec1-7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sexdifferentiationinmouseandman/#sexdifferentiationinmouseandman.sec1-7">Müllerian duct regression</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sexdifferentiationinmouseandman_sec1-8"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sexdifferentiationinmouseandman/#sexdifferentiationinmouseandman.sec1-8">Müllerian duct differentiation and uterine maturation</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sexdifferentiationinmouseandman_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sexdifferentiationinmouseandman/#sexdifferentiationinmouseandman.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche/"><i>C. elegans</i> germline stem cells and their niche</a><div>Judith Kimble and Hannah Seidel.</div><div class="small">Published November 15, 2013.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche_sec1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche/#celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche.sec1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche_sec2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche/#celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche.sec2"><i>C. elegans</i> germline stem cells and their niche</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche_sec3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche/#celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche.sec3">Molecular regulation of GSC self-renewal</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche_sec4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche/#celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche.sec4">Molecular regulation of GSC differentiation</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche_sec5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche/#celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche.sec5">Conclusions, perspectives and future challenges</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche/#celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche.ack">Acknowledgments</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche/#celegansgermlinestemcellsandtheirniche.rl">References</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sb_p6b"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sb.p6b/">Manufacturing</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_sb_p6b" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur/">Regulatory challenges for the manufacture and scale-out of autologous cell therapies</a><div>Paul Hourd, Amit Chandra, Nick Medcalf, and David J Williams.</div><div class="small">Published March 31, 2014.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur_sec1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur/#regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur.sec1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur_sec2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur/#regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur.sec2">Manufacturing and supply approaches</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur_sec3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur/#regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur.sec3">Clinical and industrial landscape</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur_sec4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur/#regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur.sec4">Regulatory pathway for autologous cell therapies</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur_sec5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur/#regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur.sec5">Regulatory challenges for the manufacture of MTMM autologous cell therapies</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur_sec6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur/#regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur.sec6">Future perspectives – the need for regulatory debate</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur/#regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur.ack">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur/#regulatorychallengesforthemanufactur.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_fromproductiontopatientchallengesan"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/fromproductiontopatientchallengesan/">From production to patient: challenges and approaches for delivering cell therapies</a><div>Karen Coopman and Nick Medcalf.</div><div class="small">Published March 31, 2014.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_fromproductiontopatientchallengesan" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_fromproductiontopatientchallengesan_sec1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/fromproductiontopatientchallengesan/#fromproductiontopatientchallengesan.sec1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_fromproductiontopatientchallengesan_sec2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/fromproductiontopatientchallengesan/#fromproductiontopatientchallengesan.sec2">Possible delivery routes</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_fromproductiontopatientchallengesan_sec3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/fromproductiontopatientchallengesan/#fromproductiontopatientchallengesan.sec3">Deciding which route is suitable for a product</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_fromproductiontopatientchallengesan_sec4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/fromproductiontopatientchallengesan/#fromproductiontopatientchallengesan.sec4">Future perspectives</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_fromproductiontopatientchallengesan_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/fromproductiontopatientchallengesan/#fromproductiontopatientchallengesan.ack">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_fromproductiontopatientchallengesan_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/fromproductiontopatientchallengesan/#fromproductiontopatientchallengesan.rl">References</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sb_p7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sb.p7/">Mesoderm specification and differentiation</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_sb_p7" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode_sb_p7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode/">Epigenetic Mechanisms Controlling Mesodermal Specification</a><div>Maria Jose Barrero and Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte.</div><div class="small">Published December 10, 2012.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode_sb_p7" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode_sec1_sb_p7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode/#epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode.sec1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode_sec2_sb_p7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode/#epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode.sec2">The dynamic equilibrium of undifferentiated ES cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode_sec3_sb_p7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode/#epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode.sec3">Mesodermal specification in stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode_sec4_sb_p7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode/#epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode.sec4">The resolution of the bivalent domains; a crucial step for specification</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode_sec5_sb_p7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode/#epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode.sec5">Control of specification by microRNAs</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode_sec6_sb_p7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode/#epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode.sec6">Future directions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode_ack_sb_p7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode/#epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode.ack">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode_rl_sb_p7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode/#epigeneticmechanismscontrollingmesode.rl">Bibliography</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mousekidneydevelopment"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mousekidneydevelopment/">Mouse kidney development</a><div>Alan J Davidson.</div><div class="small">Published January 15, 2009.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_mousekidneydevelopment" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mousekidneydevelopment_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mousekidneydevelopment/#mousekidneydevelopment.sec1-1">Overview of kidney structure and embryonic development</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mousekidneydevelopment_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mousekidneydevelopment/#mousekidneydevelopment.sec1-2">Structure and function of the nephron</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mousekidneydevelopment_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mousekidneydevelopment/#mousekidneydevelopment.sec1-3">The intermediate mesoderm</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mousekidneydevelopment_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mousekidneydevelopment/#mousekidneydevelopment.sec1-4">The pronephros and formation of the nephric duct</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mousekidneydevelopment_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mousekidneydevelopment/#mousekidneydevelopment.sec1-5">The Mesonephros</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mousekidneydevelopment_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mousekidneydevelopment/#mousekidneydevelopment.sec1-6">The Metanephros</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mousekidneydevelopment_sec1-7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mousekidneydevelopment/#mousekidneydevelopment.sec1-7">Concluding remarks</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mousekidneydevelopment_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mousekidneydevelopment/#mousekidneydevelopment.ack">Acknowledgments</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mousekidneydevelopment_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mousekidneydevelopment/#mousekidneydevelopment.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_adipose"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/adipose/">Adipose</a><div>April Cook and Chad Cowan.</div><div class="small">Published March 31, 2009.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_adipose" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_adipose_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/adipose/#adipose.sec1-1">Introduction: what is fat?</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_adipose_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/adipose/#adipose.sec1-2">Fat development</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_adipose_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/adipose/#adipose.sec1-3">Adipocyte precursors</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_adipose_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/adipose/#adipose.sec1-4">Regulation of differentiation</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_adipose_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/adipose/#adipose.sec1-5">Disease and therapeutic use of adipose</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_adipose_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/adipose/#adipose.sec1-6">Conclusions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_adipose_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/adipose/#adipose.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_adultmesenchymalstemcells"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/adultmesenchymalstemcells/">Adult mesenchymal stem cells</a><div>Ernestina Schipani and Henry M Kronenberg.</div><div class="small">Published January 31, 2009.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_adultmesenchymalstemcells" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_adultmesenchymalstemcells_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/adultmesenchymalstemcells/#adultmesenchymalstemcells.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_adultmesenchymalstemcells_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/adultmesenchymalstemcells/#adultmesenchymalstemcells.sec1-2">Are mesenchymal stem cells distinct from hematopoietic stem cells?</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_adultmesenchymalstemcells_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/adultmesenchymalstemcells/#adultmesenchymalstemcells.sec1-3">Have mesenchymal stem cells specific cell-surface antigens?</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_adultmesenchymalstemcells_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/adultmesenchymalstemcells/#adultmesenchymalstemcells.sec1-4">Are pluripotent stem cells present in the bone marrow?</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_adultmesenchymalstemcells_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/adultmesenchymalstemcells/#adultmesenchymalstemcells.sec1-5">What is the developmental origin of mesenchymal stem cells?</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_adultmesenchymalstemcells_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/adultmesenchymalstemcells/#adultmesenchymalstemcells.sec1-6">Is there a “niche” for mesenchymal stem cells?</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_adultmesenchymalstemcells_sec1-7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/adultmesenchymalstemcells/#adultmesenchymalstemcells.sec1-7">Why studying MSCs?</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_adultmesenchymalstemcells_sec1-8"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/adultmesenchymalstemcells/#adultmesenchymalstemcells.sec1-8">A future perspective</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_adultmesenchymalstemcells_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/adultmesenchymalstemcells/#adultmesenchymalstemcells.ack">Acknowledgments</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_adultmesenchymalstemcells_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/adultmesenchymalstemcells/#adultmesenchymalstemcells.rl">References</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sb_p8"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sb.p8/">Niche biology, homing, and migration</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_sb_p8" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking/">Hematopoietic stem cell trafficking</a><div>Claire Magnon and Paul S Frenette.</div><div class="small">Published July 14, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking/#hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking/#hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking.sec1-2">Trafficking of hematopoietic stem cells during embryogenesis and fetal development</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking/#hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking.sec1-3">Post-natal HSC migration to bone marrow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking/#hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking.sec1-4">Egress of bone marrow HSCs to the periphery</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking/#hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking.sec1-5">Perspectives</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking/#hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking.ack">Acknowledgments</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking/#hematopoieticstemcelltrafficking.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theneuralstemcell"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theneuralstemcell/">The neural stem cell microenvironment</a><div>Ilias Kazanis, Justin Lathia, Lara Moss, and Charles ffrench-Constant.</div><div class="small">Published August 31, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_theneuralstemcell" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theneuralstemcell_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theneuralstemcell/#theneuralstemcell.sec1-1">The embryonic neural stem cell (NSC) microenvironment</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theneuralstemcell_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theneuralstemcell/#theneuralstemcell.sec1-2">The adult neural stem cell (NSC) microenvironment</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theneuralstemcell_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theneuralstemcell/#theneuralstemcell.sec1-3">The NSC microenvironment in disease</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theneuralstemcell_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theneuralstemcell/#theneuralstemcell.ack">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theneuralstemcell_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theneuralstemcell/#theneuralstemcell.rl">References</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sb_p9"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sb.p9/">Renewal</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_sb_p9" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_agingandstemcellrenewal"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/agingandstemcellrenewal/">Aging and stem cell renewal</a><div>Haroldo Silva and Irina M Conboy.</div><div class="small">Published July 15, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_agingandstemcellrenewal" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_agingandstemcellrenewal_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/agingandstemcellrenewal/#agingandstemcellrenewal.sec1-1">Stem cell aging and loss of tissue regenerative potential</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_agingandstemcellrenewal_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/agingandstemcellrenewal/#agingandstemcellrenewal.sec1-2">Aging of stem cell niches and intrinsic aging of stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_agingandstemcellrenewal_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/agingandstemcellrenewal/#agingandstemcellrenewal.ack">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_agingandstemcellrenewal_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/agingandstemcellrenewal/#agingandstemcellrenewal.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_quiescentstemcellsintheniche"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/quiescentstemcellsintheniche/">Quiescent stem cells in the niche</a><div>Fumio Arai and Toshio Suda.</div><div class="small">Published July 11, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_quiescentstemcellsintheniche" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_quiescentstemcellsintheniche_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/quiescentstemcellsintheniche/#quiescentstemcellsintheniche.sec1-1">Niche for the quiescent stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_quiescentstemcellsintheniche_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/quiescentstemcellsintheniche/#quiescentstemcellsintheniche.sec1-2">Quiescent stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_quiescentstemcellsintheniche_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/quiescentstemcellsintheniche/#quiescentstemcellsintheniche.sec1-3">Signaling for quiescent stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_quiescentstemcellsintheniche_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/quiescentstemcellsintheniche/#quiescentstemcellsintheniche.sec1-4">Metabolism of quiescent stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_quiescentstemcellsintheniche_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/quiescentstemcellsintheniche/#quiescentstemcellsintheniche.sec1-5">Biological Function of Quiescence in HSCs</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_quiescentstemcellsintheniche_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/quiescentstemcellsintheniche/#quiescentstemcellsintheniche.ack">Acknowledgement</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_quiescentstemcellsintheniche_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/quiescentstemcellsintheniche/#quiescentstemcellsintheniche.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity/">Mechanisms regulating stem cell polarity and the specification of asymmetric divisions</a><div>Hila Toledano and D Leanne Jones.</div><div class="small">Published March 31, 2009.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity/#mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity.sec1-1"><i>Drosophila</i> neuroblast divisions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity/#mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity.sec1-2"><i>Drosophila</i> germline stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity/#mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity.sec1-3">Mammalian epidermal progenitor cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity/#mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity.sec1-4">Asymmetry in other systems</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity/#mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity.sec1-5">Conclusions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity/#mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity.ack">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity/#mechanismsregulatingstemcellpolarity.rl">References</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sb_p10"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sb.p10/">Stem cell immunology</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_sb_p10" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_immunologictargetingofthecancerstemcell"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/immunologictargetingofthecancerstemcell/">Immunologic targeting of the cancer stem cell</a><div>Catherine J Wu.</div><div class="small">Published December 15, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_immunologictargetingofthecancerstemcell" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_immunologictargetingofthecancerstemcell_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/immunologictargetingofthecancerstemcell/#immunologictargetingofthecancerstemcell.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_immunologictargetingofthecancerstemcell_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/immunologictargetingofthecancerstemcell/#immunologictargetingofthecancerstemcell.sec1-2">Lessons from CML, a disorder of the hematopoietic stem cell</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_immunologictargetingofthecancerstemcell_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/immunologictargetingofthecancerstemcell/#immunologictargetingofthecancerstemcell.sec1-3">Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a curative immune-based therapy resulting in eradication of malignant progenitor cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_immunologictargetingofthecancerstemcell_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/immunologictargetingofthecancerstemcell/#immunologictargetingofthecancerstemcell.sec1-4">Strategies for immunologic targeting of the stem cell population</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_immunologictargetingofthecancerstemcell_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/immunologictargetingofthecancerstemcell/#immunologictargetingofthecancerstemcell.sec1-5">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_immunologictargetingofthecancerstemcell_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/immunologictargetingofthecancerstemcell/#immunologictargetingofthecancerstemcell.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy/">Immunological considerations for cell therapy using human embryonic stem cell derivatives</a><div>Micha Drukker.</div><div class="small">Published December 16, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy/#immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy/#immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy.sec1-2">Expression of histocompatibility antigens on u/dhESCs</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy/#immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy.sec1-3">Expression of T-cell regulating signals in u/dhESCs</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy/#immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy.sec1-4">T-cell response against u/dhESCs measured by functional assays</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy/#immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy.sec1-5">Interaction of natural killer cells with hESCs</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy/#immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy.sec1-6">Generation of patient-specific isogenic hESC lines</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy_sec1-7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy/#immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy.sec1-7">Conclusions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy/#immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy.ack">Acknowledgments</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy/#immunologicalconsiderationsforcelltherapy.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mousemodels"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mousemodels/">Mouse models of graft-versus-host disease</a><div>Pavan Reddy and James LM Ferrara.</div><div class="small">Published February 28, 2009.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_mousemodels" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mousemodels_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mousemodels/#mousemodels.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mousemodels_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mousemodels/#mousemodels.sec1-2">Mouse models</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mousemodels_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mousemodels/#mousemodels.sec1-3">Immunobiology</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mousemodels_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mousemodels/#mousemodels.sec1-4">Conclusion</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mousemodels_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mousemodels/#mousemodels.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell/">Prospects for ensuring acceptance of ES cell-derived tissues</a><div>Kathy O Lui, Paul J Fairchild, and Herman Waldmann.</div><div class="small">Published September 30, 2010.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell/#prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell/#prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell.sec1-2">Central tolerance</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell/#prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell.sec1-3">esDC as a negative vaccine against graft rejection</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell/#prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell.sec1-4">Immunological privilege of ES cell-derived tissues</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell/#prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell.sec1-5">Proposed mechanisms of natural privilege operating in ES cell-derived tissues</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell/#prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell.sec1-6">Induction of donor-specific tolerance for ES cell-derived tissues</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell_sec1-7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell/#prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell.sec1-7">Conclusion</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell/#prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell.ack">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell/#prospectsforensuringacceptanceofescell.rl">References</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sb_p11"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sb.p11/">Therapeutic prospects</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_sb_p11" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thehematopoieticstemcellniche"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thehematopoieticstemcellniche/">The hematopoietic stem cell niche</a><div>Louise E Purton and David T Scadden.</div><div class="small">Published November 15, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_thehematopoieticstemcellniche" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thehematopoieticstemcellniche_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thehematopoieticstemcellniche/#thehematopoieticstemcellniche.sec1-1">Hematopoietic inductive microenvironments and the hematopoietic stem cell niche: a historical perspective</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thehematopoieticstemcellniche_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thehematopoieticstemcellniche/#thehematopoieticstemcellniche.sec1-2">Cell types that have been identified to form prospective HSC niches</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thehematopoieticstemcellniche_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thehematopoieticstemcellniche/#thehematopoieticstemcellniche.sec1-3">Are all HSC niches equal?</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thehematopoieticstemcellniche_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thehematopoieticstemcellniche/#thehematopoieticstemcellniche.sec1-4">What regulates the HSC niches?</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thehematopoieticstemcellniche_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thehematopoieticstemcellniche/#thehematopoieticstemcellniche.sec1-5">When niches turn bad- evidence for roles of the HSC niches in hematopoietic diseases</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thehematopoieticstemcellniche_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thehematopoieticstemcellniche/#thehematopoieticstemcellniche.sec1-6">Acknowledgments</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_thehematopoieticstemcellniche_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/thehematopoieticstemcellniche/#thehematopoieticstemcellniche.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_medicalapplicationsofepidermal"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/medicalapplicationsofepidermal/">Medical applications of epidermal stem cells</a><div>Gaelle Lapouge and Cédric Blanpain.</div><div class="small">Published November 15, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_medicalapplicationsofepidermal" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_medicalapplicationsofepidermal_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/medicalapplicationsofepidermal/#medicalapplicationsofepidermal.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_medicalapplicationsofepidermal_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/medicalapplicationsofepidermal/#medicalapplicationsofepidermal.sec1-2">The skin stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_medicalapplicationsofepidermal_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/medicalapplicationsofepidermal/#medicalapplicationsofepidermal.sec1-3">Skin stem cells for the treatment of third-degree burns</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_medicalapplicationsofepidermal_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/medicalapplicationsofepidermal/#medicalapplicationsofepidermal.sec1-4">Cellular therapy for inherited genetic skin diseases</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_medicalapplicationsofepidermal_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/medicalapplicationsofepidermal/#medicalapplicationsofepidermal.sec1-5">Reprogramming of skin stem cells into pluripotent stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_medicalapplicationsofepidermal_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/medicalapplicationsofepidermal/#medicalapplicationsofepidermal.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mesenchymalstromalcellsasadrug"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mesenchymalstromalcellsasadrug/">Mesenchymal stromal cells as a drug delivery system</a><div>Lata G Menon, Veronica J Shi, and Rona S Carroll.</div><div class="small">Published January 15, 2009.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_mesenchymalstromalcellsasadrug" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mesenchymalstromalcellsasadrug_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mesenchymalstromalcellsasadrug/#mesenchymalstromalcellsasadrug.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mesenchymalstromalcellsasadrug_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mesenchymalstromalcellsasadrug/#mesenchymalstromalcellsasadrug.sec1-2">The potential clinical applications of human MSC</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mesenchymalstromalcellsasadrug_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mesenchymalstromalcellsasadrug/#mesenchymalstromalcellsasadrug.sec1-3">Genetically modified MSC for therapy</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mesenchymalstromalcellsasadrug_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mesenchymalstromalcellsasadrug/#mesenchymalstromalcellsasadrug.sec1-4">Genetically modified MSC for cancer</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mesenchymalstromalcellsasadrug_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mesenchymalstromalcellsasadrug/#mesenchymalstromalcellsasadrug.sec1-5">Summary</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mesenchymalstromalcellsasadrug_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mesenchymalstromalcellsasadrug/#mesenchymalstromalcellsasadrug.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic/">Egress and Mobilization of Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells: A Dynamic Multi-facet Process</a><div>Kfir Lapid, Chen Glait-Santar, Shiri Gur-Cohen, Jonathan Canaani, Orit Kollet, and Tsvee Lapidot.</div><div class="small">Published December 10, 2012.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic_sec1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic/#egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic.sec1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic_sec2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic/#egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic.sec2">Cytokine-induced mobilization</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic_sec3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic/#egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic.sec3">The SDF-1/CXCR4 pathway</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic_sec4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic/#egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic.sec4">HSPC mobilization and intracellular signaling</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic_sec5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic/#egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic.sec5">Adhesion molecules and loss of retention</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic_sec6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic/#egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic.sec6">Proteolytic activity</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic_sec7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic/#egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic.sec7">The fibrinolytic system</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic_sec8"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic/#egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic.sec8">The dynamics of the HSC niche and BM microenvironment during mobilization</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic_sec9"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic/#egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic.sec9">Involvement of the innate immunity</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic_sec10"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic/#egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic.sec10">The nervous system</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic_sec11"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic/#egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic.sec11">Stem cell mobilization viewed in the clinical context</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic_sec12"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic/#egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic.sec12">Concluding remarks</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic/#egressandmobilizationofhematopoietic.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_cordbloodhematopoieticstemcelltransplantation"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/cordbloodhematopoieticstemcelltransplantation/">Cord blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation</a><div>Hal E Broxmeyer.</div><div class="small">Published May 26, 2010.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_cordbloodhematopoieticstemcelltransplantation" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_cordbloodhematopoieticstemcelltransplantation_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/cordbloodhematopoieticstemcelltransplantation/#cordbloodhematopoieticstemcelltransplantation.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_cordbloodhematopoieticstemcelltransplantation_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/cordbloodhematopoieticstemcelltransplantation/#cordbloodhematopoieticstemcelltransplantation.sec1-2">HSCs and HPCs and means to enhance their efficiency of engraftment</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_cordbloodhematopoieticstemcelltransplantation_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/cordbloodhematopoieticstemcelltransplantation/#cordbloodhematopoieticstemcelltransplantation.sec1-3">Other potential uses for CB</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_cordbloodhematopoieticstemcelltransplantation_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/cordbloodhematopoieticstemcelltransplantation/#cordbloodhematopoieticstemcelltransplantation.sec1-4">Perspective/Concluding thoughts</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_cordbloodhematopoieticstemcelltransplantation_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/cordbloodhematopoieticstemcelltransplantation/#cordbloodhematopoieticstemcelltransplantation.rl">References</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_sb_p12"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/sb.p12/">Tissue engineering</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_sb_p12" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_combiningstemcellsandbiomaterial"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/combiningstemcellsandbiomaterial/">Combining stem cells and biomaterial scaffolds for constructing tissues and cell delivery</a><div>Stephanie M Willerth and Shelly E Sakiyama-Elbert.</div><div class="small">Published July 9, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_combiningstemcellsandbiomaterial" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_combiningstemcellsandbiomaterial_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/combiningstemcellsandbiomaterial/#combiningstemcellsandbiomaterial.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_combiningstemcellsandbiomaterial_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/combiningstemcellsandbiomaterial/#combiningstemcellsandbiomaterial.sec1-2">Natural biomaterials</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_combiningstemcellsandbiomaterial_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/combiningstemcellsandbiomaterial/#combiningstemcellsandbiomaterial.sec1-3">Synthetic biomaterials</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_combiningstemcellsandbiomaterial_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/combiningstemcellsandbiomaterial/#combiningstemcellsandbiomaterial.sec1-4">Conclusions and future studies</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_combiningstemcellsandbiomaterial_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/combiningstemcellsandbiomaterial/#combiningstemcellsandbiomaterial.ack">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_combiningstemcellsandbiomaterial_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/combiningstemcellsandbiomaterial/#combiningstemcellsandbiomaterial.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_autologousapproachestotissueengineering"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/autologousapproachestotissueengineering/">Autologous Approaches to Tissue Engineering</a><div>Beatrice Dionigi and Dario O Fauza.</div><div class="small">Published December 10, 2012.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_autologousapproachestotissueengineering" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_autologousapproachestotissueengineering_sec1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/autologousapproachestotissueengineering/#autologousapproachestotissueengineering.sec1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_autologousapproachestotissueengineering_sec2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/autologousapproachestotissueengineering/#autologousapproachestotissueengineering.sec2">Cell sources</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_autologousapproachestotissueengineering_sec3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/autologousapproachestotissueengineering/#autologousapproachestotissueengineering.sec3">Translational challenges</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_autologousapproachestotissueengineering_sec4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/autologousapproachestotissueengineering/#autologousapproachestotissueengineering.sec4">Regulatory challenges</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_autologousapproachestotissueengineering_sec5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/autologousapproachestotissueengineering/#autologousapproachestotissueengineering.sec5">Current clinical applications</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_autologousapproachestotissueengineering_sec6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/autologousapproachestotissueengineering/#autologousapproachestotissueengineering.sec6">Future perspectives</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_autologousapproachestotissueengineering_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/autologousapproachestotissueengineering/#autologousapproachestotissueengineering.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal/">Flow perfusion culture of mesenchymal stem cells for bone tissue engineering</a><div>F Kurtis Kasper, Jiehong Liao, James D Kretlow, Vassilios I Sikavitsas, and Antonios G Mikos.</div><div class="small">Published August 15, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal/#flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal.sec1-1">Prevalence and significance of bone defects</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal/#flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal.sec1-2">Current clinical strategies for bone regeneration</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal/#flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal.sec1-3">Tissue engineering-based clinical approaches and considerations for bone regeneration</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal/#flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal.sec1-4">Bone regeneration by progenitor cell transplantation</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal/#flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal.sec1-5">Bone tissue induction into polymer scaffolds</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal/#flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal.sec1-6">Flow perfusion culture enhances osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal_sec1-7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal/#flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal.sec1-7">Fluid flow increases mineralized bone-like extracellular matrix deposition in a dose-dependent manner</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal_sec1-8"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal/#flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal.sec1-8"><i>In vitro</i> culture duration and stage of osteogenic differentiation of transplanted mesenchymal stem cells affect <i>in vivo</i> osteogenicity of <i>in vitro</i> generated bone-like extracellular matrix constructs</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal_sec1-9"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal/#flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal.sec1-9">Mineralized matrix deposition by mesenchymal stem cells in flow perfusion culture increases with increasing fluid shear forces</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal_sec1-10"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal/#flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal.sec1-10">Scaffold mesh size affects the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells cultured in a flow perfusion bioreactor</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal_sec1-11"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal/#flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal.sec1-11">The initial cell phenotype and degree of cell adhesion to titanium fiber mesh scaffolds affects the ectopic bone formation response <i>in vivo</i></a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal_sec1-12"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal/#flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal.sec1-12"><i>In vitro</i> generated bone-like extracellular matrix influences the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells <i>in vitro</i></a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal_sec1-13"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal/#flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal.sec1-13"><i>In vitro</i> generated bone-like extracellular matrix and fluid shear stress synergistically enhance osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells <i>in vitro</i></a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal_sec1-14"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal/#flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal.sec1-14">Flow perfusion culture of mesenchymal stem cells results in the generation of an extracellular matrix containing bone-related growth factors</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal_sec1-15"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal/#flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal.sec1-15">The preculture period of mesenchymal stem cells in osteogenic media influences the <i>in vivo</i> bone forming potential of the cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal_sec1-16"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal/#flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal.sec1-16">An <i>in vitro</i> generated extracellular matrix supports tissue infiltration and promotes blood vessel formation at an ectopic site <i>in vivo</i></a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal_sec1-17"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal/#flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal.sec1-17">An <i>in vitro</i> generated bone-like extracellular matrix enhances the osteogenic gene expression of mesenchymal stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal_sec1-18"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal/#flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal.sec1-18">Flow perfusion culture promotes infiltration and spatial distribution of mesenchymal stem cells within electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) microfiber and multilayer nanofiber/microfiber scaffolds</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal_sec1-19"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal/#flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal.sec1-19">Summary</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal/#flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal.ack">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal/#flowperfusioncultureofmesenchymal.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_engineeringmicroenvironments"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/engineeringmicroenvironments/">Engineering microenvironments to control stem cell fate and function</a><div>Shawdee Eshghi and David V Schaffer.</div><div class="small">Published September 11, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_engineeringmicroenvironments" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_engineeringmicroenvironments_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/engineeringmicroenvironments/#engineeringmicroenvironments.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_engineeringmicroenvironments_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/engineeringmicroenvironments/#engineeringmicroenvironments.sec1-2">Growth factors and morphogens</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_engineeringmicroenvironments_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/engineeringmicroenvironments/#engineeringmicroenvironments.sec1-3">Direct cell-cell contact</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_engineeringmicroenvironments_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/engineeringmicroenvironments/#engineeringmicroenvironments.sec1-4">ECM presents important biochemical and mechanical cues to stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_engineeringmicroenvironments_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/engineeringmicroenvironments/#engineeringmicroenvironments.sec1-5">Summary</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_engineeringmicroenvironments_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/engineeringmicroenvironments/#engineeringmicroenvironments.ack">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_engineeringmicroenvironments_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/engineeringmicroenvironments/#engineeringmicroenvironments.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell/">The role of bone marrow-derived stem cells in lung regeneration and repair</a><div>Elizabeth K Sage, Michael R Loebinger, Julia Polak, and Sam M Janes.</div><div class="small">Published September 30, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell/#theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell/#theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell.sec1-2">Lung regeneration</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell/#theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell.sec1-3">Lung injury</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell/#theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell.sec1-4">Acute lung injury</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell/#theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell.sec1-5">Potential complications of stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell/#theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell.sec1-6">Stem cells as vectors</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell_sec1-7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell/#theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell.sec1-7">Conclusion</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell/#theroleofbonemarrowderivedstemcell.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mechanicalcontrolofstemcell"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mechanicalcontrolofstemcell/">Mechanical control of stem cell differentiation</a><div>Daniel M Cohen and Christopher S Chen.</div><div class="small">Published October 31, 2008.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_mechanicalcontrolofstemcell" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mechanicalcontrolofstemcell_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mechanicalcontrolofstemcell/#mechanicalcontrolofstemcell.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mechanicalcontrolofstemcell_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mechanicalcontrolofstemcell/#mechanicalcontrolofstemcell.sec1-2">What are mechanical signals?</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mechanicalcontrolofstemcell_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mechanicalcontrolofstemcell/#mechanicalcontrolofstemcell.sec1-3">What are the sources and functional consequences of applied mechanical forces on stem cells in vivo?</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mechanicalcontrolofstemcell_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mechanicalcontrolofstemcell/#mechanicalcontrolofstemcell.sec1-4">How do mechanical forces lead to lineage switching?</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mechanicalcontrolofstemcell_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mechanicalcontrolofstemcell/#mechanicalcontrolofstemcell.sec1-5">Mechanosensors</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mechanicalcontrolofstemcell_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mechanicalcontrolofstemcell/#mechanicalcontrolofstemcell.sec1-6">Conclusions and perspectives</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mechanicalcontrolofstemcell_sec1-7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mechanicalcontrolofstemcell/#mechanicalcontrolofstemcell.sec1-7">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_mechanicalcontrolofstemcell_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/mechanicalcontrolofstemcell/#mechanicalcontrolofstemcell.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_skintissueengineering"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/skintissueengineering/">Skin tissue engineering</a><div>David J Wong and Howard Y Chang.</div><div class="small">Published March 31, 2009.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_skintissueengineering" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_skintissueengineering_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/skintissueengineering/#skintissueengineering.sec1-1">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_skintissueengineering_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/skintissueengineering/#skintissueengineering.sec1-2">Current skin substitutes</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_skintissueengineering_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/skintissueengineering/#skintissueengineering.sec1-3">Skin anatomy</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_skintissueengineering_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/skintissueengineering/#skintissueengineering.sec1-4">Skin stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_skintissueengineering_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/skintissueengineering/#skintissueengineering.sec1-5">Fibroblasts and dermal stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_skintissueengineering_sec1-6"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/skintissueengineering/#skintissueengineering.sec1-6">Skin morphogenetic signaling</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_skintissueengineering_sec1-7"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/skintissueengineering/#skintissueengineering.sec1-7">Skin gene therapy</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_skintissueengineering_sec1-8"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/skintissueengineering/#skintissueengineering.sec1-8">Future</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_skintissueengineering_sec1-9"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/skintissueengineering/#skintissueengineering.sec1-9">Summary</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_skintissueengineering_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/skintissueengineering/#skintissueengineering.ack">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_skintissueengineering_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/skintissueengineering/#skintissueengineering.rl">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_molecularimagingofstemcells"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/molecularimagingofstemcells/">Molecular imaging of stem cells</a><div>Martin Rodriguez-Porcel, Joseph C Wu, and Sanjiv Sam Gambhir.</div><div class="small">Published July 30, 2009.</div><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_molecularimagingofstemcells" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_molecularimagingofstemcells_sec1-1"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/molecularimagingofstemcells/#molecularimagingofstemcells.sec1-1">Requisites for the ideal imaging modality for stem cell tracking</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_molecularimagingofstemcells_sec1-2"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/molecularimagingofstemcells/#molecularimagingofstemcells.sec1-2">Methodologies for labeling stem cells</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_molecularimagingofstemcells_sec1-3"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/molecularimagingofstemcells/#molecularimagingofstemcells.sec1-3">How to decide which modality to use</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_molecularimagingofstemcells_sec1-4"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/molecularimagingofstemcells/#molecularimagingofstemcells.sec1-4">Translation to clinical applications</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_molecularimagingofstemcells_sec1-5"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/molecularimagingofstemcells/#molecularimagingofstemcells.sec1-5">Summary</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_molecularimagingofstemcells_ack"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/molecularimagingofstemcells/#molecularimagingofstemcells.ack">Acknowledgements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_molecularimagingofstemcells_rl"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/molecularimagingofstemcells/#molecularimagingofstemcells.rl">References</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_protocols"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/protocols/">Protocols</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_protocols" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_protocols_pluripotent_cells"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/protocols.pluripotent.cells/">Pluripotent Cells</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_protocols_pluripotent_cells" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_embryoidbodyformationfromhumanpluri"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/embryoidbodyformationfromhumanpluri/">Embryoid body formation from human pluripotent stem cells in chemically defined E8 media</a><div>Yongshun Lin and Guokai Chen.</div><div class="small">Published June 1, 2014.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_genomeeditinginhumanpluripotentstemcells"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/genomeeditinginhumanpluripotentstemcells/">Genome editing in human pluripotent stem cells</a><div>Derek T Peters, Chad A Cowan, and Kiran Musunuru.</div><div class="small">Published April 29, 2013.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_splittinghpscswithdispase"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/splittinghpscswithdispase/">Splitting hPSCs with Dispase</a><div>Mark Tomishima.</div><div class="small">Published December 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_splittingheschipsclineswithedtain"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/splittingheschipsclineswithedtain/">Splitting hESC/hiPSC lines with EDTA in feeder free conditions</a><div>Guokai Chen.</div><div class="small">Published December 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_splittingheschipsclinesonmefusingaccutase"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/splittingheschipsclinesonmefusingaccutase/">Splitting hESC/hiPSC lines on MEF using Accutase</a><div>Hyesoo Kim.</div><div class="small">Published December 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_generalspinfectionprotocol"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/generalspinfectionprotocol/">General Spinfection Protocol</a><div>W Travis Berggren, Margaret Lutz, and Veronica Modesto.</div><div class="small">Published December 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_assessmentofhumanpluripotent"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/assessmentofhumanpluripotent/">Assessment of human pluripotent stem cells with PluriTest</a><div>Franz-Josef Müller, Björn Brändl, and Jeanne F Loring.</div><div class="small">Published December 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_conditioningpluripotentstemcellmedia"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/conditioningpluripotentstemcellmedia/">Conditioning pluripotent stem cell media with mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF-CM)</a><div>Mark Tomishima.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_feederindependentcultureprotocol"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/feederindependentcultureprotocol/">Feeder-independent culture protocol – EDTA splitting</a><div>WiCell.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_feederdependentmefcultureprotocol"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/feederdependentmefcultureprotocol/">Feeder dependent (MEF) culture protocol – collagenase passaging</a><div>WiCell.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_ipscderivationfromfibroblastinchemi"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/ipscderivationfromfibroblastinchemi/">iPSC derivation from fibroblast in chemically defined medium</a><div>Guokai Chen.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_cryopreservationofhumanpluripotentstemcells"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/cryopreservationofhumanpluripotentstemcells/">Cryopreservation of human pluripotent stem cells in defined conditions</a><div>Guokai Chen.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_formationofembryoidbodiesfrommatrig"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/formationofembryoidbodiesfrommatrig/">Formation of embryoid bodies from Matrigel dots protocol</a><div>Margaret Lutz and Travis Berggren.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_teratomaformation"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/teratomaformation/">Teratoma formation: A tool for monitoring pluripotency in stem cell research</a><div>Wendy Y Zhang, Patricia E de Almeida, and Joseph C Wu.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_basicpluripotentstemcellcultureprotocols"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/basicpluripotentstemcellcultureprotocols/">Basic pluripotent stem cell culture protocols</a><div>Authors: Maria Borowski, Maria Giovino-Doherty, Lan Ji, Meng-Jiao Shi, Kelly P Smith, and Joseph Laning.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_protocols_reprogramming"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/protocols.reprogramming/">Reprogramming</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_protocols_reprogramming" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_ipscreprogrammingfromhumanperipheralblood"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/ipscreprogrammingfromhumanperipheralblood/">iPSC Reprogramming from Human Peripheral Blood Using Sendai Virus Mediated Gene Transfer</a><div>Wenli Yang, Jason A Mills, Spencer Sullivan, Ying Liu, Deborah L French, and Paul Gadue.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_protocolformakingretroviralreprogram"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/protocolformakingretroviralreprogram/">Protocol for making retroviral reprogramming factors</a><div>Margaret Lutz, Veronica Modesto, and Athanasia Panopoulos.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_hematopoieticdifferentiation"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/hematopoieticdifferentiation/">Hematopoietic differentiation</a><div>Kyung-Dal Choi, Maxim Vodyanik, and Igor I Slukvin.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_robustgenerationofhepatocytelikecells"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/robustgenerationofhepatocytelikecells/">Robust generation of hepatocyte-like cells from human embryonic stem cell populations</a><div>CN Medine, B Lucendo-Villarin, W Zhou, CC West, and DC Hay.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_monolayerendodermdifferentiationfromhumanescs"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/monolayerendodermdifferentiationfromhumanescs/">Monolayer endoderm differentiation from human ESCs</a><div>X Cheng, L Ying, L Lu, AM Galvão, JA Mills, HC Lin, DN Kotton, SS Shen, MC Nostro, JK Choi, MJ Weiss, DL French, and P Gadue.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_bloodsevderivedfibroblastgeneratedipscs"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/bloodsevderivedfibroblastgeneratedipscs/">Blood - SeV derived fibroblast generated iPSCs</a><div>Laurence Daheron and Sunita D'Souza.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_protocolfordirecteddifferentiationofhuman"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/protocolfordirecteddifferentiationofhuman/">Protocol for directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells toward a hepatocyte fate</a><div>Jun Cai, Ann DeLaForest, Joseph Fisher, Amanda Urick, Thomas Wagner, Kirk Twaroski, Max Cayo, Masato Nagaoka, and Stephen A Duncan.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_protocols_ectoderm"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/protocols.ectoderm/">Ectoderm</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_protocols_ectoderm" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_midbraindopamineneuronsfromhescs"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/midbraindopamineneuronsfromhescs/">Midbrain dopamine neurons from hESCs</a><div>Mark Tomishima.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_neuralinductiondualsmadinhibition"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/neuralinductiondualsmadinhibition/">Neural induction – Dual SMAD inhibition</a><div>Mark Tomishima.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_protocols_endoderm"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/protocols.endoderm/">Endoderm</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_protocols_endoderm" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_pancreaticdifferentiation"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/pancreaticdifferentiation/">Pancreatic differentiation</a><div>M Cristina Nostro, Farida Sarangi, Shinichiro Ogawa, Audrey Holtzinger, Barbara Corneo, Xueling Li, Suzanne J Micallef, In-Hyun Park, Christina Basford, Michael B Wheeler, George Q Daley, Andrew G Elefanty, Edouard G Stanley, and Gordon Keller.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_robustgenerationofhepatocytelikecells_protocols_endoderm"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/robustgenerationofhepatocytelikecells/">Robust generation of hepatocyte-like cells from human embryonic stem cell populations</a><div>CN Medine, B Lucendo-Villarin, W Zhou, CC West, and DC Hay.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_monolayerendodermdifferentiationfromhumanescs_protocols_endoderm"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/monolayerendodermdifferentiationfromhumanescs/">Monolayer endoderm differentiation from human ESCs</a><div>X Cheng, L Ying, L Lu, AM Galvão, JA Mills, HC Lin, DN Kotton, SS Shen, MC Nostro, JK Choi, MJ Weiss, DL French, and P Gadue.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_protocolfordirecteddifferentiationofhuman_protocols_endoderm"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/protocolfordirecteddifferentiationofhuman/">Protocol for directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells toward a hepatocyte fate</a><div>Jun Cai, Ann DeLaForest, Joseph Fisher, Amanda Urick, Thomas Wagner, Kirk Twaroski, Max Cayo, Masato Nagaoka, and Stephen A Duncan.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_protocols_mesoderm"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/protocols.mesoderm/">Mesoderm</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_protocols_mesoderm" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_generationofhumaninducedpluripotentstemcells"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/generationofhumaninducedpluripotentstemcells/">Generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from peripheral blood using the STEMCCA lentiviral vector</a><div>Andreia Gianotti-Sommer, Sarah S Rozelle, Spencer Sullivan, Jason A Mills, Seon-Mi Park, Brenden W Smith, Amulya M Iyer, Deborah L French, Darrell N Kotton, Paul Gadue, George J Murphy, and Gustavo Mostoslavsky.</div><div class="small">Published April 29, 2013.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_hematopoieticdifferentiation_protocols_mesoderm"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/hematopoieticdifferentiation/">Hematopoietic differentiation</a><div>Kyung-Dal Choi, Maxim Vodyanik, and Igor I Slukvin.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_chondrocyteprotocol"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/chondrocyteprotocol/">Chondrocyte protocol</a><div>Rachel A Oldershaw, Melissa A Baxter, Emma T Lowe, Nicola Bates, Lisa M Grady, Francesca Soncin, Daniel R Brison, Timothy E Hardingham, and Susan J Kimber.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_bloodsevderivedfibroblastgeneratedipscs_protocols_mesoderm"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/bloodsevderivedfibroblastgeneratedipscs/">Blood - SeV derived fibroblast generated iPSCs</a><div>Laurence Daheron and Sunita D'Souza.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_protocols_cell_imaging"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/protocols.cell.imaging/">Cell Imaging</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK27044_toc_protocols_cell_imaging" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK27044_toc_analyzingthegenomicintegrityofstemcells"><a class="toc-item" href="/books/n/stembook/analyzingthegenomicintegrityofstemcells/">Analyzing the genomic integrity of stem cells</a><div>Uri Ben-David and Nissim Benvenisty.</div><div class="small">Published June 10, 2012.</div></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><div class="bktoc_all_cntnr align_right" style="display:none"><ul class="inline_list_right"><li><a class="bktoc_all_exp" href="#">Expand All</a></li><li style="margin-left:.8em"><a class="bktoc_all_clps" href="#">Collapse All</a></li></ul></div></div><div><p>Edited by The Stem Cell Research Community</p></div></div></div>
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Epub 2008 Jan 24.</em></div></div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/15037226" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=2&log$=relatedarticles&logdbfrom=pubmed">Stuart Schreiber: biology from a chemist's perspective. Interview by Joanna Owens.</a><span class="source">[Drug Discov Today. 2004]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Stuart Schreiber: biology from a chemist's perspective. 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