102 lines
28 KiB
Text
102 lines
28 KiB
Text
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
|
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" class="no-js no-jr">
|
|
<head>
|
|
<!-- For pinger, set start time and add meta elements. -->
|
|
<script type="text/javascript">var ncbi_startTime = new Date();</script>
|
|
|
|
<!-- Logger begin -->
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_db" content="books">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_pdid" content="book-part">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_acc" content="NBK2335">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_domain" content="coffeebrk">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_report" content="reader">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_type" content="fulltext">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_objectid" content="">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_pcid" content="/NBK2335/?report=reader">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_pagename" content="The compound eye of flies divulges evolutionary secrets - Coffee Break - NCBI Bookshelf">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_bookparttype" content="chapter">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_app" content="bookshelf">
|
|
<!-- Logger end -->
|
|
|
|
<!--component id="Page" label="meta"/-->
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.boots.min.js"> </script><title>The compound eye of flies divulges evolutionary secrets - Coffee Break - NCBI Bookshelf</title>
|
|
<meta charset="utf-8">
|
|
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="no">
|
|
<meta name="viewport" content="initial-scale=1,minimum-scale=1,maximum-scale=1,user-scalable=no">
|
|
<meta name="jr-col-layout" content="auto">
|
|
<meta name="jr-prev-unit" content="/books/n/coffeebrk/A17/?report=reader">
|
|
<meta name="jr-next-unit" content="/books/n/coffeebrk/A15/?report=reader">
|
|
<meta name="bk-toc-url" content="/books/n/coffeebrk/?report=toc">
|
|
<meta name="robots" content="INDEX,FOLLOW,NOARCHIVE">
|
|
<meta name="citation_inbook_title" content="Coffee Break: Tutorials for NCBI Tools [Internet]">
|
|
<meta name="citation_title" content="The compound eye of flies divulges evolutionary secrets">
|
|
<meta name="citation_publisher" content="National Center for Biotechnology Information (US)">
|
|
<meta name="citation_date" content="1999/09/29">
|
|
<meta name="citation_author" content="Laura Dean">
|
|
<meta name="citation_author" content="Johanna McEntyre">
|
|
<meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2335/">
|
|
<link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/">
|
|
<meta name="DC.Title" content="The compound eye of flies divulges evolutionary secrets">
|
|
<meta name="DC.Type" content="Text">
|
|
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="National Center for Biotechnology Information (US)">
|
|
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Laura Dean">
|
|
<meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Johanna McEntyre">
|
|
<meta name="DC.Date" content="1999/09/29">
|
|
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2335/">
|
|
<meta name="description" content='The Pax6 group of genes belongs to a larger class of homeobox-containing genes, found in organisms from yeast to humans. They code for transcription factors and are distinguished by the presence of a specific DNA-binding motif (a homeodomain) that serves to regulate gene expression. The "helix-turn-helix" 3D structure of the homeodomain is the same structure that is seen in bacterial gene regulatory proteins, suggesting that this is an ancient conformation that has been conserved throughout billions of years of evolution.'>
|
|
<meta name="og:title" content="The compound eye of flies divulges evolutionary secrets">
|
|
<meta name="og:type" content="book">
|
|
<meta name="og:description" content='The Pax6 group of genes belongs to a larger class of homeobox-containing genes, found in organisms from yeast to humans. They code for transcription factors and are distinguished by the presence of a specific DNA-binding motif (a homeodomain) that serves to regulate gene expression. The "helix-turn-helix" 3D structure of the homeodomain is the same structure that is seen in bacterial gene regulatory proteins, suggesting that this is an ancient conformation that has been conserved throughout billions of years of evolution.'>
|
|
<meta name="og:url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2335/">
|
|
<meta name="og:site_name" content="NCBI Bookshelf">
|
|
<meta name="og:image" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-coffeebrk-lrg.png">
|
|
<meta name="twitter:card" content="summary">
|
|
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@ncbibooks">
|
|
<meta name="bk-non-canon-loc" content="/books/n/coffeebrk/A16/?report=reader">
|
|
<link rel="canonical" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2335/">
|
|
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Archivo+Narrow:400,700,400italic,700italic&subset=latin" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/css/libs.min.css">
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/css/jr.min.css">
|
|
<meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no">
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books.min.css" type="text/css">
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css//books_print.min.css" type="text/css" media="print">
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books_reader.min.css" type="text/css">
|
|
<style type="text/css">p a.figpopup{display:inline !important} .bk_tt {font-family: monospace} .first-line-outdent .bk_ref {display: inline} .body-content h2, .body-content .h2 {border-bottom: 1px solid #97B0C8} .body-content h2.inline {border-bottom: none} a.page-toc-label , .jig-ncbismoothscroll a {text-decoration:none;border:0 !important} .temp-labeled-list .graphic {display:inline-block !important} .temp-labeled-list img{width:100%}</style>
|
|
|
|
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/favicon.ico">
|
|
<meta name="ncbi_phid" content="CE8B5EA37C819AD10000000000D500B9.m_5">
|
|
<meta name='referrer' content='origin-when-cross-origin'/><link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4216699/css/3852956/3849091.css"></head>
|
|
<body>
|
|
<!-- Book content! -->
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div id="jr" data-jr-path="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/"><div class="jr-unsupported"><table class="modal"><tr><td><span class="attn inline-block"></span><br />Your browser does not support the NLM PubReader view.<br />Go to <a href="/pmc/about/pr-browsers/">this page</a> to see a list of supported browsers<br />or return to the <br /><a href="/books/NBK2335/?report=classic">regular view</a>.</td></tr></table></div><div id="jr-ui" class="hidden"><nav id="jr-head"><div class="flexh tb"><div id="jr-tb1"><a id="jr-links-sw" class="hidden" title="Links"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 70.6 85.3" style="enable-background:new 0 0 70.6 85.3;vertical-align:middle" xml:space="preserve" width="24" height="24">
|
|
<style type="text/css">.st0{fill:#939598;}</style>
|
|
<g>
|
|
<path class="st0" d="M36,0C12.8,2.2-22.4,14.6,19.6,32.5C40.7,41.4-30.6,14,35.9,9.8"></path>
|
|
<path class="st0" d="M34.5,85.3c23.2-2.2,58.4-14.6,16.4-32.5c-21.1-8.9,50.2,18.5-16.3,22.7"></path>
|
|
<path class="st0" d="M34.7,37.1c66.5-4.2-4.8-31.6,16.3-22.7c42.1,17.9,6.9,30.3-16.4,32.5h1.7c-66.2,4.4,4.8,31.6-16.3,22.7 c-42.1-17.9-6.9-30.3,16.4-32.5"></path>
|
|
</g>
|
|
</svg> Books</a></div><div class="jr-rhead f1 flexh"><div class="head"><a href="/books/n/coffeebrk/A17/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M75,30 c-80,60 -80,0 0,60 c-30,-60 -30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Prev</text></svg></a></div><div class="body"><div class="t">The compound eye of flies divulges evolutionary secrets: analysis of fly eye development may shed light on human eye disease</div><div class="j">Coffee Break: Tutorials for NCBI Tools [Internet]</div></div><div class="tail"><a href="/books/n/coffeebrk/A15/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M25,30c80,60 80,0 0,60 c30,-60 30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Next</text></svg></a></div></div><div id="jr-tb2"><a id="jr-bkhelp-sw" class="btn wsprkl hidden" title="Help with NLM PubReader">?</a><a id="jr-help-sw" class="btn wsprkl hidden" title="Settings and typography in NLM PubReader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 512 512" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M462,283.742v-55.485l-29.981-10.662c-11.431-4.065-20.628-12.794-25.274-24.001 c-0.002-0.004-0.004-0.009-0.006-0.013c-4.659-11.235-4.333-23.918,0.889-34.903l13.653-28.724l-39.234-39.234l-28.72,13.652 c-10.979,5.219-23.68,5.546-34.908,0.889c-0.005-0.002-0.01-0.003-0.014-0.005c-11.215-4.65-19.933-13.834-24-25.273L283.741,50 h-55.484l-10.662,29.981c-4.065,11.431-12.794,20.627-24.001,25.274c-0.005,0.002-0.009,0.004-0.014,0.005 c-11.235,4.66-23.919,4.333-34.905-0.889l-28.723-13.653l-39.234,39.234l13.653,28.721c5.219,10.979,5.545,23.681,0.889,34.91 c-0.002,0.004-0.004,0.009-0.006,0.013c-4.649,11.214-13.834,19.931-25.271,23.998L50,228.257v55.485l29.98,10.661 c11.431,4.065,20.627,12.794,25.274,24c0.002,0.005,0.003,0.01,0.005,0.014c4.66,11.236,4.334,23.921-0.888,34.906l-13.654,28.723 l39.234,39.234l28.721-13.652c10.979-5.219,23.681-5.546,34.909-0.889c0.005,0.002,0.01,0.004,0.014,0.006 c11.214,4.649,19.93,13.833,23.998,25.271L228.257,462h55.484l10.595-29.79c4.103-11.538,12.908-20.824,24.216-25.525 c0.005-0.002,0.009-0.004,0.014-0.006c11.127-4.628,23.694-4.311,34.578,0.863l28.902,13.738l39.234-39.234l-13.66-28.737 c-5.214-10.969-5.539-23.659-0.886-34.877c0.002-0.005,0.004-0.009,0.006-0.014c4.654-11.225,13.848-19.949,25.297-24.021 L462,283.742z M256,331.546c-41.724,0-75.548-33.823-75.548-75.546s33.824-75.547,75.548-75.547 c41.723,0,75.546,33.824,75.546,75.547S297.723,331.546,256,331.546z"></path></svg></a><a id="jr-fip-sw" class="btn wsprkl hidden" title="Find"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 550 600" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path fill="none" stroke="#000" stroke-width="36" stroke-linecap="round" style="fill:#FFF" d="m320,350a153,153 0 1,0-2,2l170,170m-91-117 110,110-26,26-110-110"></path></svg></a><a id="jr-rtoc-sw" class="btn wsprkl hidden" title="Table of Contents"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M20,20h10v8H20V20zM36,20h44v8H36V20zM20,37.33h10v8H20V37.33zM36,37.33h44v8H36V37.33zM20,54.66h10v8H20V54.66zM36,54.66h44v8H36V54.66zM20,72h10v8 H20V72zM36,72h44v8H36V72z"></path></svg></a></div></div></nav><nav id="jr-dash" class="noselect"><nav id="jr-dash" class="noselect"><div id="jr-pi" class="hidden"><a id="jr-pi-prev" class="hidden" title="Previous page"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M75,30 c-80,60 -80,0 0,60 c-30,-60 -30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Prev</text></svg></a><div class="pginfo">Page <i class="jr-pg-pn">0</i> of <i class="jr-pg-lp">0</i></div><a id="jr-pi-next" class="hidden" title="Next page"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M25,30c80,60 80,0 0,60 c30,-60 30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Next</text></svg></a></div><div id="jr-is-tb"><a id="jr-is-sw" class="btn wsprkl hidden" title="Switch between Figures/Tables strip and Progress bar"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><rect x="10" y="40" width="20" height="20"></rect><rect x="40" y="40" width="20" height="20"></rect><rect x="70" y="40" width="20" height="20"></rect></svg></a></div><nav id="jr-istrip" class="istrip hidden"><a id="jr-is-prev" href="#" class="hidden" title="Previous"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M80,40 60,65 80,90 70,90 50,65 70,40z M50,40 30,65 50,90 40,90 20,65 40,40z"></path><text x="35" y="25" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Prev</text></svg></a><a id="jr-is-next" href="#" class="hidden" title="Next"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M20,40 40,65 20,90 30,90 50,65 30,40z M50,40 70,65 50,90 60,90 80,65 60,40z"></path><text x="15" y="25" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Next</text></svg></a></nav><nav id="jr-progress"></nav></nav></nav><aside id="jr-links-p" class="hidden flexv"><div class="tb sk-htbar flexh"><div><a class="jr-p-close btn wsprkl">Done</a></div><div class="title-text f1">NCBI Bookshelf</div></div><div class="cnt lol f1"><a href="/books/">Home</a><a href="/books/browse/">Browse All Titles</a><a class="btn share" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2335/"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 33 33" style="vertical-align:middle" width="24" height="24" preserveAspectRatio="none"><g><path d="M 17.996,32L 12,32 L 12,16 l-4,0 l0-5.514 l 4-0.002l-0.006-3.248C 11.993,2.737, 13.213,0, 18.512,0l 4.412,0 l0,5.515 l-2.757,0 c-2.063,0-2.163,0.77-2.163,2.209l-0.008,2.76l 4.959,0 l-0.585,5.514L 18,16L 17.996,32z"></path></g></svg> Share on Facebook</a><a class="btn share" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2335/&text=The%20compound%20eye%20of%20flies%20divulges%20evolutionary%20secrets"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 33 33" style="vertical-align:middle" width="24" height="24"><g><path d="M 32,6.076c-1.177,0.522-2.443,0.875-3.771,1.034c 1.355-0.813, 2.396-2.099, 2.887-3.632 c-1.269,0.752-2.674,1.299-4.169,1.593c-1.198-1.276-2.904-2.073-4.792-2.073c-3.626,0-6.565,2.939-6.565,6.565 c0,0.515, 0.058,1.016, 0.17,1.496c-5.456-0.274-10.294-2.888-13.532-6.86c-0.565,0.97-0.889,2.097-0.889,3.301 c0,2.278, 1.159,4.287, 2.921,5.465c-1.076-0.034-2.088-0.329-2.974-0.821c-0.001,0.027-0.001,0.055-0.001,0.083 c0,3.181, 2.263,5.834, 5.266,6.438c-0.551,0.15-1.131,0.23-1.73,0.23c-0.423,0-0.834-0.041-1.235-0.118 c 0.836,2.608, 3.26,4.506, 6.133,4.559c-2.247,1.761-5.078,2.81-8.154,2.81c-0.53,0-1.052-0.031-1.566-0.092 c 2.905,1.863, 6.356,2.95, 10.064,2.95c 12.076,0, 18.679-10.004, 18.679-18.68c0-0.285-0.006-0.568-0.019-0.849 C 30.007,8.548, 31.12,7.392, 32,6.076z"></path></g></svg> Share on Twitter</a></div></aside><aside id="jr-rtoc-p" class="hidden flexv"><div class="tb sk-htbar flexh"><div><a class="jr-p-close btn wsprkl">Done</a></div><div class="title-text f1">Table of Content</div></div><div class="cnt lol f1"><a href="/books/n/coffeebrk/?report=reader">Title Information</a><a href="/books/n/coffeebrk/toc/?report=reader">Table of Contents Page</a></div></aside><aside id="jr-help-p" class="hidden flexv"><div class="tb sk-htbar flexh"><div><a class="jr-p-close btn wsprkl">Done</a></div><div class="title-text f1">Settings</div></div><div class="cnt f1"><div id="jr-typo-p" class="typo"><div><a class="sf btn wsprkl">A-</a><a class="lf btn wsprkl">A+</a></div><div><a class="bcol-auto btn wsprkl"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 200 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><text x="10" y="70" style="font-size:60px;font-family: Trebuchet MS, ArialMT, Arial, sans-serif" textLength="180">AUTO</text></svg></a><a class="bcol-1 btn wsprkl"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M15,25 85,25zM15,40 85,40zM15,55 85,55zM15,70 85,70z"></path></svg></a><a class="bcol-2 btn wsprkl"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M5,25 45,25z M55,25 95,25zM5,40 45,40z M55,40 95,40zM5,55 45,55z M55,55 95,55zM5,70 45,70z M55,70 95,70z"></path></svg></a></div></div><div class="lol"><a class="" href="/books/NBK2335/?report=classic">Switch to classic view</a><a href="/books/NBK2335/pdf/Bookshelf_NBK2335.pdf">PDF (97K)</a><a href="/books/n/coffeebrk/pdf/">PDF (3.7M)</a><a href="/books/NBK2335/?report=printable">Print View</a></div></div></aside><aside id="jr-bkhelp-p" class="hidden flexv"><div class="tb sk-htbar flexh"><div><a class="jr-p-close btn wsprkl">Done</a></div><div class="title-text f1">Help</div></div><div class="cnt f1 lol"><a id="jr-helpobj-sw" data-path="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/" data-href="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/img/bookshelf/help.xml" href="">Help</a><a href="mailto:info@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov?subject=PubReader%20feedback%20%2F%20NBK2335%20%2F%20sid%3ACE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID%20%2F%20phid%3ACE8B5EA37C819AD10000000000D500B9.4">Send us feedback</a><a id="jr-about-sw" data-path="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/" data-href="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/img/bookshelf/about.xml" href="">About PubReader</a></div></aside><aside id="jr-objectbox" class="thidden hidden"><div class="jr-objectbox-close wsprkl">✘</div><div class="jr-objectbox-inner cnt"><div class="jr-objectbox-drawer"></div></div></aside><nav id="jr-pm-left" class="hidden"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 40 800" preserveAspectRatio="none"><text font-stretch="ultra-condensed" x="800" y="-15" text-anchor="end" transform="rotate(90)" font-size="18" letter-spacing=".1em">Previous Page</text></svg></nav><nav id="jr-pm-right" class="hidden"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 40 800" preserveAspectRatio="none"><text font-stretch="ultra-condensed" x="800" y="-15" text-anchor="end" transform="rotate(90)" font-size="18" letter-spacing=".1em">Next Page</text></svg></nav><nav id="jr-fip" class="hidden"><nav id="jr-fip-term-p"><input type="search" placeholder="search this page" id="jr-fip-term" autocorrect="off" autocomplete="off" /><a id="jr-fip-mg" class="wsprkl btn" title="Find"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 550 600" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path fill="none" stroke="#000" stroke-width="36" stroke-linecap="round" style="fill:#FFF" d="m320,350a153,153 0 1,0-2,2l170,170m-91-117 110,110-26,26-110-110"></path></svg></a><a id="jr-fip-done" class="wsprkl btn" title="Dismiss find">✘</a></nav><nav id="jr-fip-info-p"><a id="jr-fip-prev" class="wsprkl btn" title="Jump to previuos match">◀</a><button id="jr-fip-matches">no matches yet</button><a id="jr-fip-next" class="wsprkl btn" title="Jump to next match">▶</a></nav></nav></div><div id="jr-epub-interstitial" class="hidden"></div><div id="jr-content"><article data-type="main"><div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><div class="fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK2335_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">The compound eye of flies divulges evolutionary secrets</span></h1><div class="subtitle"> analysis of fly eye development may shed light on human eye disease</div><p class="fm-aai"><a href="#_NBK2335_pubdet_">Publication Details</a></p></div></div><div class="body-content whole_rhythm" itemprop="text"><p>The <i>Pax6</i> group of genes belongs to a larger class of homeobox-containing genes, found in organisms from yeast to humans. They code for transcription factors and are distinguished by the presence of a specific DNA-binding motif (a homeodomain) that serves to regulate gene expression. The "helix-turn-helix" 3D structure of the homeodomain is the same structure that is seen in bacterial gene regulatory proteins, suggesting that this is an ancient conformation that has been conserved throughout billions of years of evolution.</p><p>In mice, sea squirts, and squid, <i>Pax6</i> has been shown to activate the program that leads to eye formation during the development of the organism. In mouse, where the <i>Pax6</i> gene is expressed in the developing eye and brain, a mutation called <i>Small eye (Sey)</i> results from defects in <i>Pax6.</i> This makes it a good model for studying aniridia, a condition caused by a mutation in human <i>Pax6</i> in which an incomplete iris can lead to poor vision, light sensitivity, and a tendency to develop progressive glaucoma.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col fig" id="figA543" co-legend-rid="figlgndA543"><a href="/books/NBK2335/figure/A543/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Figure" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figA543" rid-ob="figobA543"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK2335/bin/cb06_big.gif" src-large="/books/NBK2335/bin/cb06_big.jpg" alt="The structure of the paired domain found in human Pax6." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt" id="figlgndA543"><h4 id="A543"><a href="/books/NBK2335/figure/A543/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA543">Figure</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">The structure of the paired domain found in human <i>Pax6</i>. Two distinct domains are found in <i>Pax6</i> — a homeodomain and a paired domain. Recent interest has focused on the paired domain, mutations in which cause several human disorders, including <a href="/books/NBK2335/figure/A543/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA543">(more...)</a></p></div></div><p>Although the eyes of vertebrates have a single lens, the compound eye of <i>Drosophila</i> consists of about 750 units, each unit containing a lens, retina, and photoreceptor cells. Even so, parallels exist between these two types of eye. In flies, the eye precursor cells differentiate into these distinct units at a distinct step of development, when <i>ey</i>, a Pax6 homolog, can be detected.</p><p>Recently, a second <i>Drosophila </i>
|
|
<i>Pax6</i> gene was reported and named <i>twin of eyeless (toy).</i> Perhaps surprisingly, <i>toy</i> in some ways is more similar to the evolutionarily distant vertebrate Pax6 proteins than to Ey. In particular, fly Toy and mouse Pax6 have a similar DNA-binding pattern; they have a much higher affinity for DNA than Ey. This can be attributed to the mutation of a single residue (Asn?Gly) in a highly conserved part of Ey, known as the paired domain. </p><p>The existence of two Pax6 genes in flies, but not in vertebrates, suggests that a gene duplication event occurred sometime during fly evolution. That Toy is more closely related to vertebrate Pax6 suggests that Toy is the more ancient form, which gave rise to Ey. The key point in the evolution in these two genes was probably when the Asn?Gly mutation occurred, radically altering the DNA-binding function of Ey. At this point Ey could have become dependent on Toy for its activation, triggering a divergence in function of the two proteins. Today, genetic evidence suggests that Toy is found upstream of Ey in the regulatory pathway of eye development, and they each regulate distinct developmental events.</p><p>
|
|
|
|
</p><div id="A315" class="box boxed-text-box whole_rhythm hide-overflow"><h3><span class="title">Search PubMed for <i>Pax6</i> mutations</span></h3><p>Created: September 29, 1999</p><p>Click on the link below to start an html tutorial.</p><p>Find information on <i>Pax6</i> mutations</p></div><p>
|
|
|
|
</p><div id="A316" class="box boxed-text-box whole_rhythm hide-overflow"><h3><span class="title">Search GeneMap99 for <i>Pax6</i></span></h3><p>Created: September 29, 1999</p><p>Click on the link below to start an html tutorial.</p><p>Where is <i>Pax6</i> found in the human genome?</p></div><p>
|
|
|
|
</p><div id="A317" class="box boxed-text-box whole_rhythm hide-overflow"><h3><span class="title">Use BLAST to search for proteins similar to Pax6</span></h3><p>Created: September 29, 1999</p><p>Click on the link below to start an html tutorial.</p><p>See how Drosophila Ey compares to other Pax6 proteins</p></div><div id="bk_toc_contnr"></div></div></div><div class="fm-sec"><h2 id="_NBK2335_pubdet_">Publication Details</h2><h3>Publication History</h3><p class="small">Created: <span itemprop="datePublished">September 29, 1999</span>.</p><h3>Copyright</h3><div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright Notice</a></div></div><h3>Publisher</h3><p><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" ref="pagearea=page-banner&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher">National Center for Biotechnology Information (US)</a>, Bethesda (MD)</p><h3>NLM Citation</h3><p>Dean L, McEntyre J, editors. Coffee Break: Tutorials for NCBI Tools [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 1999-. The compound eye of flies divulges evolutionary secrets: analysis of fly eye development may shed light on human eye disease. 1999 Sep 29.<span class="bk_cite_avail"></span></p></div><div class="small-screen-prev"><a href="/books/n/coffeebrk/A17/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M75,30 c-80,60 -80,0 0,60 c-30,-60 -30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Prev</text></svg></a></div><div class="small-screen-next"><a href="/books/n/coffeebrk/A15/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M25,30c80,60 80,0 0,60 c30,-60 30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Next</text></svg></a></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobA543"><div id="A543" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><img data-src="/books/NBK2335/bin/cb06_big.jpg" alt="The structure of the paired domain found in human Pax6." /></div><h3><span class="title">The structure of the paired domain found in human <i>Pax6</i></span></h3><div class="caption"><p><br />Two distinct domains are found in <i>Pax6</i> — a homeodomain and a paired domain. Recent interest has focused on the paired domain, mutations in which cause several human disorders, including aniridia. This figure depicts the structure as ribbons drawn through the main carbon backbone of the protein (red) and through the phosphate atoms of the DNA backbone (blue). Mutations in the paired domain interfere with the DNA-binding properties of Pax6, altering its function, and causing a detrimental effect on the health of an individual.</p><p><br />(Reproduced from <a href="/pubmed?term=10346815" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=term&targettype=pubmed">Xu, H.E.,</a> Rould, M.A., Xu W., Epstein, J.A., Maas, R.L. and Pabo, C.O. (1999) 'Crystal structure of the human Pax6 paired domain-DNA complex reveals specific roles for the linker region and carboxy-terminal subdomain in DNA binding' <i>Genes Dev.</i> 13, 1263-1275, with permission.)
|
|
</p></div></div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA315"><div id="A315" class="box boxed-text-box whole_rhythm hide-overflow"><h3><span class="title">Search PubMed for <i>Pax6</i> mutations</span></h3><p>Created: September 29, 1999</p><p>Click on the link below to start an html tutorial.</p><p>Find information on <i>Pax6</i> mutations</p></div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA316"><div id="A316" class="box boxed-text-box whole_rhythm hide-overflow"><h3><span class="title">Search GeneMap99 for <i>Pax6</i></span></h3><p>Created: September 29, 1999</p><p>Click on the link below to start an html tutorial.</p><p>Where is <i>Pax6</i> found in the human genome?</p></div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA317"><div id="A317" class="box boxed-text-box whole_rhythm hide-overflow"><h3><span class="title">Use BLAST to search for proteins similar to Pax6</span></h3><p>Created: September 29, 1999</p><p>Click on the link below to start an html tutorial.</p><p>See how Drosophila Ey compares to other Pax6 proteins</p></div></article></div><div id="jr-scripts"><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/libs.min.js"> </script><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.min.js"> </script></div></div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- Book content -->
|
|
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/rlib/js/InstrumentNCBIBaseJS/InstrumentPageStarterJS.js"> </script>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<!-- CE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID /projects/books/PBooks@9.11 portal104 v4.1.r689238 Tue, Oct 22 2024 16:10:51 -->
|
|
<span id="portal-csrf-token" style="display:none" data-token="CE8B5AF87C7FFCB1_0191SID"></span>
|
|
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4216699/js/3968615.js" snapshot="books"></script></body>
|
|
</html>
|