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<meta name="citation_date" content="2001/01/22">
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match">◀</a><button id="jr-fip-matches">no matches yet</button><a id="jr-fip-next" class="wsprkl btn" title="Jump to next match">▶</a></nav></nav></div><div id="jr-epub-interstitial" class="hidden"></div><div id="jr-content"><article data-type="main"><div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><div class="fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK2319_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">Fluorescent timer</span></h1><div class="subtitle"> the E5 mutant of the red coral protein drFP583 changes its fluorescence from green to red over time</div><p class="fm-aai"><a href="#_NBK2319_pubdet_">Publication Details</a></p></div></div><div class="body-content whole_rhythm" itemprop="text"><p>There are many ways to monitor the onset of gene expression, but so far it has been impossible to detect its down-regulation. This problem might have been solved now, as Terskikh and colleagues report in <a href="/htbin-post/Entrez/query?db=m&form=6&Dopt=r&uid=11090358" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri"><i>Science</i></a> a simple method to follow promoter activity.</p><p>Last year, a red fluorescent protein (drFP583) was identified in tropical corals, further increasing the wide spectrum of possibilities to light up cells in different colors. Not satisfied with just one color, Terskikh and colleagues introduced random mutations into drFP583, and found one mutant (called E5) that changes its fluorescence from green to red in a time-dependent manner. As E5 switches from green to red fluorescence over time, it can be used as a timer for gene expression. During the first hours of activity of a promoter, green fluorescence is predominant, whereas sustained activity of the promoter leads to a mixture of green and red fluorescence. A few hours after the promoter is turned off, only red fluorescence remains.</p><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix ten_col fig" id="figA557" co-legend-rid="figlgndA557"><a href="/books/NBK2319/figure/A557/?report=objectonly" target="object" title="Figure" class="img_link icnblk_img figpopup" rid-figpopup="figA557" rid-ob="figobA557"><img class="small-thumb" src="/books/NBK2319/bin/cb18_big.gif" src-large="/books/NBK2319/bin/cb18_big.jpg" alt="The change in fluorescence of E5 over time in C. elegans." /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt" id="figlgndA557"><h4 id="A557"><a href="/books/NBK2319/figure/A557/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA557">Figure</a></h4><p class="float-caption no_bottom_margin">The change in fluorescence of E5 over time in <i>C. elegans.</i> The <i>E5</i> mutant was placed under the control of a heat shock promoter and injected into <i>C. elegans</i> embryos. Green fluoresence was detected 2 hours into the recovery phase following a standard heat <a href="/books/NBK2319/figure/A557/?report=objectonly" target="object" rid-ob="figobA557">(more...)</a></p></div></div><p>Terskikh and colleagues verified these predictions in three experimental systems. First they monitored up- and down-regulation of E5 expression in Tet-on and Tet-off mammalian expression systems. Then they followed the activity of a heat-shock promoter during heat-induced stress of<i>Caenorhabditis elegans.</i> Last, they traced the expression of a homeobox gene involved in the patterning of anterior structures in <i>Xenopus laevis.</i> In all cases, green fluorescence correctly indicated the onset of gene expression and was replaced with red fluorescence when expression ceased.</p><p>So after decades of blue-stained embryos, we'll now have to get used to seeing gene expression in green and red.</p><p>Story contributed by Raluca Gagescu, <a href="http://www.nature.com/nrm/" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri"><u>Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology</u></a>
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</p><div id="A402" class="box boxed-text-box whole_rhythm hide-overflow"><h3><span class="title">VAST search for structures similar to E5</span></h3><p>Created: January 22, 2001</p><p>Click on the link below to start an html tutorial.</p><p>
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Search for structures similar to E5</p></div><div id="bk_toc_contnr"></div></div></div><div class="fm-sec"><h2 id="_NBK2319_pubdet_">Publication Details</h2><h3>Publication History</h3><p class="small">Created: <span itemprop="datePublished">January 22, 2001</span>.</p><h3>Copyright</h3><div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright Notice</a></div></div><h3>Publisher</h3><p><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" ref="pagearea=page-banner&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher">National Center for Biotechnology Information (US)</a>, Bethesda (MD)</p><h3>NLM Citation</h3><p>Dean L, McEntyre J, editors. Coffee Break: Tutorials for NCBI Tools [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 1999-. Fluorescent timer: the E5 mutant of the red coral protein drFP583 changes its fluorescence from green to red over time. 2001 Jan 22.<span class="bk_cite_avail"></span></p></div><div class="small-screen-prev"><a href="/books/n/coffeebrk/A29/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M75,30 c-80,60 -80,0 0,60 c-30,-60 -30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Prev</text></svg></a></div><div class="small-screen-next"><a href="/books/n/coffeebrk/A27/?report=reader"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 100 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"><path d="M25,30c80,60 80,0 0,60 c30,-60 30,0 0,-60"></path><text x="20" y="28" textLength="60" style="font-size:25px">Next</text></svg></a></div></article><article data-type="fig" id="figobA557"><div id="A557" class="figure bk_fig"><div class="graphic"><img data-src="/books/NBK2319/bin/cb18_big.jpg" alt="The change in fluorescence of E5 over time in C. elegans." /></div><h3><span class="title">The change in fluorescence of E5 over time in <i>C. elegans.</i></span></h3><div class="caption"><p><br /> The <i>E5</i> mutant was placed under the control of a heat shock promoter and injected into <i>C. elegans</i> embryos. Green fluoresence was detected 2 hours into the recovery phase following a standard heat shock treatment (1 hour incubation at 33°). The embryos were documented under bright field (DIC), with a FITC filter, with a PE filter, and with an overlay at 3.5, 7.5, and 50 hours following heat shock. Yellow fluorescence, as seen in the overlay column at 7.5 hours, indicates a combination of green and red fluorescence. </p></div></div></article><article data-type="boxed-text" id="figobA402"><div id="A402" class="box boxed-text-box whole_rhythm hide-overflow"><h3><span class="title">VAST search for structures similar to E5</span></h3><p>Created: January 22, 2001</p><p>Click on the link below to start an html tutorial.</p><p>
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Search for structures similar to E5</p></div></article></div><div id="jr-scripts"><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/libs.min.js"> </script><script src="/corehtml/pmc/jatsreader/ptpmc_3.22/js/jr.min.js"> </script></div></div>
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