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<title>Glands and Hormones - Genes and Disease - NCBI Bookshelf</title>
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<meta name="robots" content="INDEX,FOLLOW,NOARCHIVE" /><meta name="citation_inbook_title" content="Genes and Disease [Internet]" /><meta name="citation_title" content="Glands and Hormones" /><meta name="citation_publisher" content="National Center for Biotechnology Information (US)" /><meta name="citation_date" content="1998" /><meta name="citation_author" content="National Center for Biotechnology Information (US)" /><meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22231/" /><link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/" /><meta name="DC.Title" content="Glands and Hormones" /><meta name="DC.Type" content="Text" /><meta name="DC.Publisher" content="National Center for Biotechnology Information (US)" /><meta name="DC.Contributor" content="National Center for Biotechnology Information (US)" /><meta name="DC.Date" content="1998" /><meta name="DC.Identifier" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22231/" /><meta name="description" content="The endocrine system is a complex collection of hormone-producing glands that control basic body functions such as metabolism, growth and sexual development. The endocrine glands consist of: pineal; pituitary; thyroid and parathyroids; thymus; adrenals; pancreas; ovaries (female); and testes (male)." /><meta name="og:title" content="Glands and Hormones" /><meta name="og:type" content="book" /><meta name="og:description" content="The endocrine system is a complex collection of hormone-producing glands that control basic body functions such as metabolism, growth and sexual development. The endocrine glands consist of: pineal; pituitary; thyroid and parathyroids; thymus; adrenals; pancreas; ovaries (female); and testes (male)." /><meta name="og:url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22231/" /><meta name="og:site_name" content="NCBI Bookshelf" /><meta name="og:image" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-gnd-lrg.png" /><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /><meta name="twitter:site" content="@ncbibooks" /><meta name="bk-non-canon-loc" content="/books/n/gnd/A41/" /><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK22231/" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/figpopup.css" type="text/css" media="screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books.min.css" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books_print.min.css" type="text/css" /><style type="text/css">p a.figpopup{display:inline !important} .bk_tt {font-family: monospace} .first-line-outdent .bk_ref {display: inline} </style><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/jquery.hoverIntent.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/common.min.js?_=3.18"> </script><script type="text/javascript">window.name="mainwindow";</script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/bookshelf/2.26/book-toc.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/bookshelf/2.26/books.min.js"> </script>
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<div class="pre-content"><div><div class="bk_prnt"><p class="small">NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.</p><p>National Center for Biotechnology Information (US). Genes and Disease [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 1998-. </p></div></div></div>
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<div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK22231_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">Glands and Hormones</span></h1></div><div class="body-content whole_rhythm" itemprop="text"><div id="_abs_rndgid_" itemprop="description"><div class="graphic"><img src="/books/NBK22231/bin/gland.jpg" alt="Image gland.jpg" /></div><p>The endocrine system is a complex collection of hormone-producing glands that
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control basic body functions such as metabolism, growth and sexual development.
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The endocrine glands consist of: pineal; pituitary; thyroid and parathyroids;
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thymus; adrenals; pancreas; ovaries (female); and testes (male).</p><p>Hormones are the chemical signaling molecules produced by the endocrine glands
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and secreted directly into the bloodstream. They travel through the blood to distant
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tissues and organs, where they can bind to specific cell sites called receptors.
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By binding to receptors, hormones trigger various responses in the tissues containing
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the receptors.</p><p>In addition to the classical endocrine organs, many other cells in the body secrete
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hormones. Myocytes in the atria of the heart and scattered epithelial cells in the
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stomach and small intestine are examples of what is sometimes called the "diffuse"
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endocrine system. If the term hormone is defined broadly to include all secreted
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chemical messengers, then virtually all cells can be considered part of the endocrine
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system.</p><p>Advances in molecular genetics have led to a greatly strengthened understanding
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of the mechanisms of certain of the hereditary endocrine disorders. This section
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of genes and disease focuses on disorders for which the primary gene defect has
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been characterized or recently identified.</p></div><div id="A41.diseases"><h2 id="_A41_diseases_">Diseases</h2><ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="/books/n/gnd/adrenalhyperplasiacongenital/">Adrenal hyperplasia, congenital</a>
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="/books/n/gnd/adrenoleukodystrophy/">Adrenoleukodystrophy</a>
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="/books/n/gnd/autoimmunepolyglandularsyndrome/">Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome</a>
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="/books/n/gnd/breastandovariancancer/">Breast and ovarian cancer</a>
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="/books/n/gnd/cockaynesyndrome/">Cockayne syndrome</a>
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="/books/n/gnd/diabetestype1/">Diabetes, type 1</a>
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="/books/n/gnd/diastrophicdysplasia/">Diastrophic dysplasia</a>
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="/books/n/gnd/multipleendocrineneoplasia/">Multiple endocrine neoplasia</a>
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="/books/n/gnd/pendredsyndrome/">Pendred syndrome</a>
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</div></li></ul></div><div id="bk_toc_contnr"></div></div></div>
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<div class="post-content"><div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright Notice</a></div><div class="small"><span class="label">Bookshelf ID: NBK22231</span></div><div style="margin-top:2em" class="bk_noprnt"><a class="bk_cntns" href="/books/n/gnd/">Contents</a><div class="pagination bk_noprnt"><a class="active page_link prev" href="/books/n/gnd/A39/" title="Previous page in this title">< Prev</a><a class="active page_link next" href="/books/n/gnd/A46/" title="Next page in this title">Next ></a></div></div></div></div>
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