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<div class="pre-content"><div><div class="bk_prnt"><p class="small">NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.</p><p>National Center for Biotechnology Information (US). Genes and Disease [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Center for Biotechnology Information (US); 1998-. </p></div><div class="iconblock clearfix whole_rhythm no_top_margin bk_noprnt"><a class="img_link icnblk_img" title="Table of Contents Page" href="/books/n/gnd/"><img class="source-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-gnd-lrg.png" alt="Cover of Genes and Disease" height="100px" width="80px" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt eight_col"><h2>Genes and Disease [Internet].</h2><a data-jig="ncbitoggler" href="#__NBK22212_dtls__">Show details</a><div style="display:none" class="ui-widget" id="__NBK22212_dtls__"><div>National Center for Biotechnology Information (US).</div><div>Bethesda (MD): <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/" ref="pagearea=page-banner&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher">National Center for Biotechnology Information (US)</a>; 1998-.</div></div><div class="half_rhythm"><ul class="inline_list"><li style="margin-right:1em"><a class="bk_cntns" href="/books/n/gnd/">Contents</a></li></ul></div><div class="bk_noprnt"><form method="get" action="/books/n/gnd/" id="bk_srch"><div class="bk_search"><label for="bk_term" class="offscreen_noflow">Search term</label><input type="text" title="Search this book" id="bk_term" name="term" value="" data-jig="ncbiclearbutton" /> <input type="submit" class="jig-ncbibutton" value="Search this book" submit="false" style="padding: 0.1em 0.4em;" /></div></form></div></div><div class="icnblk_cntnt two_col"><div class="pagination bk_noprnt"><a class="active page_link prev" href="/books/n/gnd/A25/" title="Previous page in this title">< Prev</a><a class="active page_link next" href="/books/n/gnd/A35/" title="Next page in this title">Next ></a></div></div></div></div></div>
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<div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/CreativeWork"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><h1 id="_NBK22212_"><span class="title" itemprop="name">Ear, Nose, and Throat</span></h1></div><div class="body-content whole_rhythm" itemprop="text"><div id="_abs_rndgid_" itemprop="description"><div class="graphic"><img src="/books/NBK22212/bin/ent.jpg" alt="Image ent.jpg" /></div><p>Within the structures of the ear, nose and throat are complex and interrelated
|
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mechanisms that allow a person to make sound, hear, maintain balance, smell, breathe,
|
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and swallow. Traditionally, treatment of the ear — otology — was associated with that
|
|
of the eye in medical practice. With the development of laryngology — the study of
|
|
the throat — in the late 19th century, the connection between the ear and throat became
|
|
known. Thus the birth of a discipline called otolaryngology.</p><p>Many people associate otolaryngologists with the treatment of ear infections, hearing
|
|
loss and sinus problems. Otolaryngology actually encompasses the treatment of many diverse conditions, including: dizziness,
|
|
facial plastic and reconstructive surgery, head and neck cancer, hearing loss,
|
|
problems of the larynx and sinus, difficulties swallowing, tumors of the auditory
|
|
nerve, and voice production.</p><p>When diagnosing ear, nose, and throat disorders, it is important to differentiate
|
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genetic disorders from those due to environmental influences. This is often difficult
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as similar clinical features may be produced by different environmental factors or
|
|
by different genes or groups of genes.</p></div><div id="A32.diseases"><h2 id="_A32_diseases_">Diseases</h2><ul class="simple-list"><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="/books/n/gnd/deafness/">Deafness</a>
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="/books/n/gnd/neurofibromatosis/">Neurofibromatosis</a>
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</div></li><li class="half_rhythm"><div>
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<a href="/books/n/gnd/pendredsyndrome/">Pendred syndrome</a>
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</div></li></ul></div><div id="bk_toc_contnr"></div></div></div>
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