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<meta name="robots" content="INDEX,FOLLOW,NOARCHIVE,NOIMAGEINDEX" /><meta name="author" content="Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Implications of For-Profit Enterprise in Health Care; Bradford H. Gray" /><meta name="citation_title" content="For-Profit Enterprise in Health Care" /><meta name="citation_publisher" content="National Academies Press (US)" /><meta name="citation_date" content="1986" /><meta name="citation_author" content="Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Implications of For-Profit Enterprise in Health Care" /><meta name="citation_author" content="Bradford H. Gray" /><meta name="citation_pmid" content="25032434" /><meta name="citation_doi" content="10.17226/653" /><meta name="citation_fulltext_html_url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK217906/" /><link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/DC/elements/1.0/" /><meta name="DC.Title" content="For-Profit Enterprise in Health Care" /><meta name="DC.Type" content="Text" /><meta name="DC.Publisher" content="National Academies Press (US)" /><meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Implications of For-Profit Enterprise in Health Care" /><meta name="DC.Contributor" content="Bradford H. Gray" /><meta name="DC.Date" content="1986" /><meta name="DC.Identifier" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK217906/" /><meta name="DC.Language" content="en" /><meta name="description" content=""[This book is] the most authoritative assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of recent trends toward the commercialization of health care," says Robert Pear of The New York Times. This major study by the Institute of Medicine examines virtually all aspects of for-profit health care in the United States, including the quality and availability of health care, the cost of medical care, access to financial capital, implications for education and research, and the fiduciary role of the physician. In addition to the report, the book contains 15 papers by experts in the field of for-profit health care covering a broad range of topics--from trends in the growth of major investor-owned hospital companies to the ethical issues in for-profit health care. "The report makes a lasting contribution to the health policy literature."--Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law." /><meta name="og:title" content="For-Profit Enterprise in Health Care" /><meta name="og:type" content="book" /><meta name="og:description" content=""[This book is] the most authoritative assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of recent trends toward the commercialization of health care," says Robert Pear of The New York Times. This major study by the Institute of Medicine examines virtually all aspects of for-profit health care in the United States, including the quality and availability of health care, the cost of medical care, access to financial capital, implications for education and research, and the fiduciary role of the physician. In addition to the report, the book contains 15 papers by experts in the field of for-profit health care covering a broad range of topics--from trends in the growth of major investor-owned hospital companies to the ethical issues in for-profit health care. "The report makes a lasting contribution to the health policy literature."--Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law." /><meta name="og:url" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK217906/" /><meta name="og:site_name" content="NCBI Bookshelf" /><meta name="og:image" content="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-nap653-lrg.png" /><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /><meta name="twitter:site" content="@ncbibooks" /><meta name="bk-non-canon-loc" content="/books/n/nap653/toc/" /><link rel="canonical" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK217906/" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/figpopup.css" type="text/css" media="screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books.min.css" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/corehtml/pmc/css/bookshelf/2.26/css/books_print.min.css" type="text/css" media="print" /><style type="text/css">p a.figpopup{display:inline !important} .bk_tt {font-family: monospace} .first-line-outdent .bk_ref {display: inline} </style><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/jquery.hoverIntent.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/common.min.js?_=3.18"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/large-obj-scrollbars.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript">window.name="mainwindow";</script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/bookshelf/2.26/book-toc.min.js"> </script><script type="text/javascript" src="/corehtml/pmc/js/bookshelf/2.26/books.min.js"> </script><meta name="book-collection" content="NONE" />
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<div class="pre-content"><div><div class="bk_prnt"><p class="small">NCBI Bookshelf. A service of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health.</p></div><div class="pagination bk_noprnt"><span class="inactive page_link prev">< Prev</span><a class="active page_link next" href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00003/" title="Next page in this title">Next ></a></div></div></div>
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<div class="main-content lit-style" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/Book"><div class="meta-content fm-sec"><div class="iconblock whole_rhythm clearfix no_top_margin"><a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=653" title="National Academies Press (US)" class="img_link icnblk_img" ref="pagearea=logo&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher"><img class="source-thumb" src="/corehtml/pmc/pmcgifs/bookshelf/thumbs/th-nap653-lrg.png" alt="Cover of For-Profit Enterprise in Health Care" /></a><div class="icnblk_cntnt"><h1 id="_NBK217906_"><span itemprop="name">For-Profit Enterprise in Health Care</span></h1><p class="contrib-group"><span itemprop="author">Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Implications of For-Profit Enterprise in Health
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Care</span>; Editor: <span itemprop="editor">Bradford H. Gray</span>.</p><div class="half_rhythm">Washington (DC): <a href="http://www.nap.edu/" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher"><span itemprop="publisher">National Academies Press (US)</span></a>; <span itemprop="datePublished">1986</span>.<div class="small">ISBN-10: <span itemprop="isbn">0-309-03643-7</span></div></div><div class="half_rhythm"><ul class="inline_list"><li><span class="label"><a data-jig="ncbidialog" href="#_ncbi_dlg_cpyrght_NBK217906" data-jigconfig="modal:true">Copyright and
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Permissions</a></span></li></ul></div><div id="_ncbi_dlg_cpyrght_NBK217906" style="display:none" title="Copyright and Permissions"><div><div>Copyright © 1986 by the National Academy of Sciences.</div><div>For more information, see the <a href="/books/about/copyright/">Bookshelf Copyright Notice</a>.</div></div></div><div class="small half_rhythm bk_noprnt"><a href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog.php?record_id=653" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=publisher">Hardcopy Version at National Academies Press</a></div><div class="bk_noprnt"><form method="get" action="/books/n/nap653/" id="bk_srch"><div class="bk_search"><label for="bk_term" class="offscreen_noflow">Search term</label><input type="text" title="Search this book" id="bk_term" name="term" value="" data-jig="ncbiclearbutton" /> <input type="submit" class="jig-ncbibutton" value="Search this book" submit="false" style="padding: 0.1em 0.4em;" /></div></form></div></div></div></div><div class="body-content whole_rhythm" itemprop="text"><div itemprop="description"><p>"[This book is] the most authoritative assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of recent
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trends toward the commercialization of health care," says Robert Pear of <i>The New York
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Times</i>. This major study by the Institute of Medicine examines virtually all aspects of
|
|
for-profit health care in the United States, including the quality and availability of health care,
|
|
the cost of medical care, access to financial capital, implications for education and research, and
|
|
the fiduciary role of the physician. In addition to the report, the book contains 15 papers by
|
|
experts in the field of for-profit health care covering a broad range of topics--from trends in the
|
|
growth of major investor-owned hospital companies to the ethical issues in for-profit health care.
|
|
"The report makes a lasting contribution to the health policy literature."--<i>Journal of
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Health Politics, Policy and Law</i>.</p></div><div><h2>Contents</h2><div class="bktoc_all_cntnr top align_right" style="display:none"><ul class="inline_list_right"><li><a class="bktoc_all_exp" href="#">Expand All</a></li><li style="margin-left:.8em"><a class="bktoc_all_clps" href="#">Collapse All</a></li></ul></div><ul id="toc_tllNBK217906_ddd00003" class="simple-list toc toc-toggle"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00003"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00003/" class="toc-item">Committee on Implications of For-Profit Enterprise in Health Care</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00006"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00006/" class="toc-item">PREFACE</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00007"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00007/" class="toc-item">ACKNOWLEDGMENTS</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00008"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00008/" class="toc-item">INTRODUCTION TO THE VOLUME</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00015"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00015/" class="toc-item">PART I. COMMITTEE REPORT</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00016" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00016"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00016/" class="toc-item">1. Profits and Health Care: An Introduction to the Issues</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00017" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00017"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00016/#ddd00017" class="toc-item">Questions Examined in this Report</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00018"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00016/#ddd00018" class="toc-item">The Diverse Ownership of American Health Care Organizations</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00019"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00016/#ddd00019" class="toc-item">The For-Profit/Not-For-Profit Distinction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00023"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00016/#ddd00023" class="toc-item">The Value Question</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00029"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00016/#ddd00029" class="toc-item">References</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00030"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00016/#ddd00030" class="toc-item">Appendix to Chapter 1 Economic Theories of For-Profit and Not-For-Profit Organizations</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00036"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00036/" class="toc-item">2. Changes in the Ownership, Control, and Configuration of Health Care Services</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00037" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00037"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00036/#ddd00037" class="toc-item">Hospitals</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00040"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00036/#ddd00040" class="toc-item">Comparisons of Investor-Owned and Not-For-Profit Systems</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00042"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00036/#ddd00042" class="toc-item">Nursing Homes</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00043"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00036/#ddd00043" class="toc-item">Health Maintenance Organizations</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00044"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00036/#ddd00044" class="toc-item">Home Care</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00045"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00036/#ddd00045" class="toc-item">New Types of Providers</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00048"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00036/#ddd00048" class="toc-item">Vertical Integration and Diversification</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00049"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00036/#ddd00049" class="toc-item">For-Profit/Not-For-Profit Hybrids</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00050"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00036/#ddd00050" class="toc-item">Conclusions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00052"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00036/#ddd00052" class="toc-item">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00053"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00053/" class="toc-item">3. Financial Capital and Health Care Growth Trends</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00054" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00054"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00053/#ddd00054" class="toc-item">What is Capital?</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00055"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00053/#ddd00055" class="toc-item">Sources of Capital Funds for Health Care Providers</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00058"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00053/#ddd00058" class="toc-item">The Costs of Capital</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00062"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00053/#ddd00062" class="toc-item">The Level Playing Field Argument</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00063"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00053/#ddd00063" class="toc-item">Policy Issues Regarding Capital</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00064"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00053/#ddd00064" class="toc-item">Conclusion</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00066"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00053/#ddd00066" class="toc-item">References</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00067"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00053/#ddd00067" class="toc-item">Appendix To Chapter 3 The Nature Of Equity Financing</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00069"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00069/" class="toc-item">4. Investor Ownership and the Costs of Medical Care</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00070" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00070"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00069/#ddd00070" class="toc-item">Definition and Measurement of Costs—and Who is Concerned</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00071"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00069/#ddd00071" class="toc-item">Studies of Hospital Expense and Pricing</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00074"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00069/#ddd00074" class="toc-item">Markup</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00075"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00069/#ddd00075" class="toc-item">Profitability</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00076"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00069/#ddd00076" class="toc-item">Costs and Acquisition of Hospitals</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00077"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00069/#ddd00077" class="toc-item">Nursing Home Costs</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00078"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00069/#ddd00078" class="toc-item">Other For-Profit Providers</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00079"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00069/#ddd00079" class="toc-item">Monitoring Cost Trends</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00080"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00069/#ddd00080" class="toc-item">Conclusions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00082"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00069/#ddd00082" class="toc-item">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00083"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00083/" class="toc-item">5. Access to Care and Investor-Owned Providers</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00084" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00084"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00083/#ddd00084" class="toc-item">The Problem of Care for Those Unable to Pay</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00086"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00083/#ddd00086" class="toc-item">The Providers of Uncompensated Care</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00087"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00083/#ddd00087" class="toc-item">OCR Data</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00090"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00083/#ddd00090" class="toc-item">Reducing Uncompensated Care</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00098"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00083/#ddd00098" class="toc-item">Access to Nursing Homes</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00099"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00083/#ddd00099" class="toc-item">Issues and Recommendations</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00105"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00083/#ddd00105" class="toc-item">Conclusion</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00107"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00083/#ddd00107" class="toc-item">References</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00108"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00083/#ddd00108" class="toc-item">Appendix To Chapter 5 Data on Hospital Services and Facilities</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00109"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00109/" class="toc-item">6. Quality of Care</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00110" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00110"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00109/#ddd00110" class="toc-item">Quality of Hospital Care</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00117"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00109/#ddd00117" class="toc-item">Quality of Care in Nursing Homes</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00119"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00109/#ddd00119" class="toc-item">Quality of Care and the Need for Monitoring</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00120"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00109/#ddd00120" class="toc-item">Conclusion</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00122"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00109/#ddd00122" class="toc-item">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00123"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00123/" class="toc-item">7. Implications for Education and Research</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00124" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00124"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00123/#ddd00124" class="toc-item">Teaching Hospitals and Investor-Owned Hospital Companies</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00127"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00123/#ddd00127" class="toc-item">Conclusion</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00129"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00123/#ddd00129" class="toc-item">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00130"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00130/" class="toc-item">8. Physicians and Entrepreneurism in Health Care</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00131" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00131"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00130/#ddd00131" class="toc-item">Economic Incentives and Ethical Obligations</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00132"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00130/#ddd00132" class="toc-item">Investments and Incentive Arrangements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00135"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00130/#ddd00135" class="toc-item">The Problem: Issues and Options</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00142"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00130/#ddd00142" class="toc-item">The Committee's View</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00143"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00130/#ddd00143" class="toc-item">Conclusion</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00145"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00130/#ddd00145" class="toc-item">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00146"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00146/" class="toc-item">9. The Changing Nature of Physician Influence in Medical Institutions</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00147" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00147"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00146/#ddd00147" class="toc-item">Decision Making in Hospitals</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00148"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00146/#ddd00148" class="toc-item">Physicians' Responsibility for Quality</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00152"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00146/#ddd00152" class="toc-item">Conclusion</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00154"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00146/#ddd00154" class="toc-item">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00155"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00155/" class="toc-item">10. Summary and Conclusions</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00156" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00156"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00155/#ddd00156" class="toc-item">The For-Profit/Not-For-Profit Distinction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00157"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00155/#ddd00157" class="toc-item">Findings About For-Profit Enterprise in Health Care</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00167"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00155/#ddd00167" class="toc-item">Conclusions about Investor Ownership of Health Care Facilities</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00168"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00155/#ddd00168" class="toc-item">Issues, Conclusions, and Recommendations</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00178"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00155/#ddd00178" class="toc-item">Conclusion</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00180"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00155/#ddd00180" class="toc-item">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00181"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00181/" class="toc-item">Supplementary Statement on For-Profit Enterprise in Health Care</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00182"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00182/" class="toc-item">PART II. PAPERS ON FOR-PROFIT ENTERPRISE IN HEALTH CARE</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00183" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00183"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00183/" class="toc-item">An Exchange on For-Profit Health Care</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00189"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00189/" class="toc-item">Ethical Issues in For-Profit Health Care</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00190" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00190"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00189/#ddd00190" class="toc-item">For-Profits Exacerbate the Problem of Access to Health Care</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00191"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00189/#ddd00191" class="toc-item">For-Profits are Unfair Competition for Nonprofits</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00192"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00189/#ddd00192" class="toc-item">For-Profits Treat Health Care as a Commodity to be Bought and Sold in the Marketplace Rather
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than as a Right of Every Citizen</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00193"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00189/#ddd00193" class="toc-item">For-Profits Damage the Physician/Patient Relationship, Erode Trust, Create New Conflicts of
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Interest, and Diminish Quality of Care</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00194"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00189/#ddd00194" class="toc-item">For-Profits Undermine Medical Education</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00195"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00189/#ddd00195" class="toc-item">For-Profits and the Political Power of the Medical-Industrial Complex</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00196"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00189/#ddd00196" class="toc-item">Conclusion</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00198"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00198/" class="toc-item">Trends in the Growth of the Major Investor-Owned Hospital Companies</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00199" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00199"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00198/#ddd00199" class="toc-item">Sources of Growth</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00201"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00198/#ddd00201" class="toc-item">Types of Hospitals Acquired</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00206"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00198/#ddd00206" class="toc-item">Divestitures</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00207"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00198/#ddd00207" class="toc-item">Conclusions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00209"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00198/#ddd00209" class="toc-item">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00210"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00210/" class="toc-item">The Effects of Ownership and Multihospital System Membership on Hospital Functional
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Strategies and Economic Performance</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00211" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00211"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00210/#ddd00211" class="toc-item">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00212"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00210/#ddd00212" class="toc-item">Methods</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00219"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00210/#ddd00219" class="toc-item">Results</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00237"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00210/#ddd00237" class="toc-item">Conclusions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00242"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00210/#ddd00242" class="toc-item">Acknowledgments</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00244"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00244/" class="toc-item">Response to Financial Incentives Among Investor-Owned and Not-For-Profit Hospitals: An
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Analysis Based on California Data, 1978-1982</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00245" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00245"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00244/#ddd00245" class="toc-item">Summary Of Principal Findings</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00246"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00244/#ddd00246" class="toc-item">Data Base and Methods</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00247"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00244/#ddd00247" class="toc-item">Results</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00254"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00244/#ddd00254" class="toc-item">Concluding Statement</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00255"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00244/#ddd00255" class="toc-item">Acknowledgments</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00256"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00256/" class="toc-item">Hospital Acquisitions and Their Effects: Florida, 1979-1982</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00257" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00257"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00256/#ddd00257" class="toc-item">Research Design</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00258"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00256/#ddd00258" class="toc-item">Description of Hospitals that Changed Ownership</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00259"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00256/#ddd00259" class="toc-item">Analysis of Pre-Acquisition Characteristics</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00267"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00256/#ddd00267" class="toc-item">Analysis of Post-Acquisition Behavior</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00274"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00256/#ddd00274" class="toc-item">Discussion</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00275"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00256/#ddd00275" class="toc-item">References</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00276"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00256/#ddd00276" class="toc-item">Appendix A Variables Index Score</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00277"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00256/#ddd00277" class="toc-item">Appendix B Specialties Included In Physician-Mix Score</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00278"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00278/" class="toc-item">Hospital Ownership and Comparative Hospital Costs</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00279" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00279"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00278/#ddd00279" class="toc-item">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00280"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00278/#ddd00280" class="toc-item">Data</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00281"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00278/#ddd00281" class="toc-item">Research Sample</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00282"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00278/#ddd00282" class="toc-item">Analytic Methods</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00283"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00278/#ddd00283" class="toc-item">Results</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00288"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00278/#ddd00288" class="toc-item">Discussion</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00290"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00278/#ddd00290" class="toc-item">References</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00291"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00278/#ddd00291" class="toc-item">Appendix Multiple Regression Results</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00292"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00292/" class="toc-item">Medicare Patient Outcomes and Hospital Organizational Mission</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00293" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00293"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00292/#ddd00293" class="toc-item">Methods</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00294"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00292/#ddd00294" class="toc-item">Descriptive Statistics</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00302"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00292/#ddd00302" class="toc-item">Statistical Results</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00308"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00292/#ddd00308" class="toc-item">Summary and Discussion</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00312"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00292/#ddd00312" class="toc-item">References</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00313"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00292/#ddd00313" class="toc-item">Appendix A Statistical Methods</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00322"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00292/#ddd00322" class="toc-item">Appendix B Model Results</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00323"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00323/" class="toc-item">Compliance of Multihospital Systems with Standards of the Joint Commission on Accreditation
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of Hospitals</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00324" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00324"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00323/#ddd00324" class="toc-item">Background</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00325"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00323/#ddd00325" class="toc-item">Research Questions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00326"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00323/#ddd00326" class="toc-item">Methods</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00327"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00323/#ddd00327" class="toc-item">System/Autonomous Differences</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00328"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00323/#ddd00328" class="toc-item">Results</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00333"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00323/#ddd00333" class="toc-item">Limitations</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00334"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00323/#ddd00334" class="toc-item">Summary and Conclusions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00337"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00323/#ddd00337" class="toc-item">Acknowledgments</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00338"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00323/#ddd00338" class="toc-item">References</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00339"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00323/#ddd00339" class="toc-item">Appendix</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00341"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00341/" class="toc-item">Hospital Ownership and the Practice of Medicine: Evidence from the Physician's
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Perspective</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00342" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00342"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00341/#ddd00342" class="toc-item">Data</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00343"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00341/#ddd00343" class="toc-item">Physician Characteristics and Practice Patterns</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00344"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00341/#ddd00344" class="toc-item">Financial Arrangements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00345"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00341/#ddd00345" class="toc-item">Physician Attitudes</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00346"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00341/#ddd00346" class="toc-item">Summary and Discussion</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00347"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00341/#ddd00347" class="toc-item">Acknowledgments</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00348"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00341/#ddd00348" class="toc-item">References</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00349"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00349/" class="toc-item">Physician Participation in the Administration and Governance Of System and Freestanding
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Hospitals: A Comparison by Type of Ownership</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00350" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00350"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00349/#ddd00350" class="toc-item">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00351"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00349/#ddd00351" class="toc-item">Sample</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00352"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00349/#ddd00352" class="toc-item">Data</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00353"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00349/#ddd00353" class="toc-item">Measurement</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00354"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00349/#ddd00354" class="toc-item">Analytic Approach</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00355"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00349/#ddd00355" class="toc-item">Results of Comparisons</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00359"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00349/#ddd00359" class="toc-item">Discussion and Implications</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00360"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00349/#ddd00360" class="toc-item">Acknowledgment</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00362"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00349/#ddd00362" class="toc-item">Appendix</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00363"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00363/" class="toc-item">Medical Staff Size, Hospital Privileges, and Compensation Arrangements: A Comparison of
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System Hospitals</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00364" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00364"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00363/#ddd00364" class="toc-item">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00365"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00363/#ddd00365" class="toc-item">Data and Methods</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00366"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00363/#ddd00366" class="toc-item">Number and Types of Physicians</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00367"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00363/#ddd00367" class="toc-item">Privileges Criteria and Review</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00368"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00363/#ddd00368" class="toc-item">Compensation Arrangements</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00369"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00363/#ddd00369" class="toc-item">Discussion</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00373"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00363/#ddd00373" class="toc-item">Acknowledgments</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00374"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00363/#ddd00374" class="toc-item">References</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00375"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00363/#ddd00375" class="toc-item">Appendix Sample Characteristics and Multivariate Results</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00376"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00376/" class="toc-item">Hospitals and their Communities: A Report on Three Case Studies</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00377" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00377"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00376/#ddd00377" class="toc-item">Methodology</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00378"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00376/#ddd00378" class="toc-item">The Communities</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00382"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00376/#ddd00382" class="toc-item">The Context</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00383"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00376/#ddd00383" class="toc-item">Competition</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00384"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00376/#ddd00384" class="toc-item">Care for Poor People</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00385"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00376/#ddd00385" class="toc-item">Multihospital Systems</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00389"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00376/#ddd00389" class="toc-item">Physician Influence</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00390"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00376/#ddd00390" class="toc-item">Some General Conclusions</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00391"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00391/" class="toc-item">Investor-Owned Multihospital Systems: A Synthesis of Research Findings</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00392" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00392"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00391/#ddd00392" class="toc-item">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00393"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00391/#ddd00393" class="toc-item">Growth of Investor-Owned Systems</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00394"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00391/#ddd00394" class="toc-item">Why Investor-Owned Multihospital Systems Grow</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00402"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00391/#ddd00402" class="toc-item">Investor-Owned Systems and the Cost of Hospital Care</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00403"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00391/#ddd00403" class="toc-item">Quality and Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00406"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00391/#ddd00406" class="toc-item">Conclusion</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00407"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00391/#ddd00407" class="toc-item">Acknowledgments</a></li></ul></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00409"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00409/" class="toc-item">The Changing Structure of the Nursing Home Industry and the Impact of Ownership on Quality,
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Cost, and Access</a><ul id="toc_lst_NBK217906_ddd00410" class="simple-list toc bktoc_lst_exp"><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00410"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00409/#ddd00410" class="toc-item">Introduction</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00411"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00409/#ddd00411" class="toc-item">Public Policy and the Growth of Nursing Homes</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00418"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00409/#ddd00418" class="toc-item">Public Policy Changes and the Growth of Nursing Home Chains: The 1970s and 1980s</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00426"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00409/#ddd00426" class="toc-item">Summary</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00427"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00409/#ddd00427" class="toc-item">The Impact of Ownership on Cost, Quality, and Access</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00443"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00409/#ddd00443" class="toc-item">Summary and Conclusions</a></li><li class="half_rhythm" id="toc_itm_NBK217906_ddd00447"><a href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00409/#ddd00447" class="toc-item">References and Bibliography</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><div class="bktoc_all_cntnr align_right" style="display:none"><ul class="inline_list_right"><li><a class="bktoc_all_exp" href="#">Expand All</a></li><li style="margin-left:.8em"><a class="bktoc_all_clps" href="#">Collapse All</a></li></ul></div></div><div><p>NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Governing Board of the
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National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of
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Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the
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committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for
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appropriate balance.</p><p>This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to the procedures
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approved by a Report Review Committee consisting of members of the National Academy of Sciences, the
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National Academy of Engineering, and the Institute of Medicine.</p></div><div><p>The Institute of Medicine was chartered in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to enlist
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distinguished members of the appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining
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to the health of the public. In this, the Institute acts under both the Academy's 1863 congressional
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charter responsibility to be an adviser to the federal government and its own initiative in
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identifying issues of medical care, research, and education.</p></div></div></div>
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<div class="post-content"><div><div class="half_rhythm"><a href="/books/about/copyright/">Copyright</a> © 1986 by the National Academy of Sciences.</div><div class="small"><span class="label">Bookshelf ID: NBK217906</span><span class="label">PMID: <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25032434" title="PubMed record of this title" ref="pagearea=meta&targetsite=entrez&targetcat=link&targettype=pubmed">25032434</a></span>DOI: <a href="http://dx.crossref.org/10.17226/653" ref="pagearea=body&targetsite=external&targetcat=link&targettype=uri">10.17226/653</a></div><div style="margin-top:2em" class="bk_noprnt"><div class="pagination bk_noprnt"><span class="inactive page_link prev">< Prev</span><a class="active page_link next" href="/books/n/nap653/ddd00003/" title="Next page in this title">Next ></a></div></div></div></div>
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<div xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Views</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="PDF_download" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="simple-list"><li><a href="/books/NBK217906/?report=reader">PubReader</a></li><li><a href="/books/NBK217906/?report=printable">Print View</a></li><li><a data-jig="ncbidialog" href="#_ncbi_dlg_citbx_NBK217906" data-jigconfig="width:400,modal:true">Cite this Page</a><div id="_ncbi_dlg_citbx_NBK217906" style="display:none" title="Cite this Page"><div class="bk_tt">Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Implications of For-Profit Enterprise in Health Care; Gray BH, editor. For-Profit Enterprise in Health Care. Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US); 1986. <span class="bk_cite_avail"></span> doi: 10.17226/653</div></div></li><li><a href="/books/n/nap653/pdf/">PDF version of this title</a> (8.7M)</li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Related information</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="discovery_db_links" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul><li class="brieflinkpopper"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/books/?Db=nlmcatalog&DbFrom=books&Cmd=Link&LinkName=books_nlmcatalog&IdsFromResult=3156800" ref="log$=recordlinks">NLM Catalog</a><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related NLM Catalog Entries</div></li></ul></div></div><div class="portlet"><div class="portlet_head"><div class="portlet_title"><h3><span>Similar articles in PubMed</span></h3></div><a name="Shutter" sid="1" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content" remembercollapsed="true" pgsec_name="PBooksDiscovery_RA" id="Shutter"></a></div><div class="portlet_content"><ul><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/3941696" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=1&log$=relatedarticles&logdbfrom=pubmed">The comparative economic performance of investor-owned chain and not-for-profit hospitals.</a><span class="source">[N Engl J Med. 1986]</span><div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">The comparative economic performance of investor-owned chain and not-for-profit hospitals.<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="author">Watt JM, Derzon RA, Renn SC, Schramm CJ, Hahn JS, Pillari GD. </em><em xmlns:np="http://ncbi.gov/portal/XSLT/namespace" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="cit">N Engl J Med. 1986 Jan 9; 314(2):89-96. </em></div></div></li><li class="brieflinkpopper two_line"><a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed/9258697" ref="ordinalpos=1&linkpos=2&log$=relatedarticles&logdbfrom=pubmed">Private hospital care for profit? 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