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</div><div><span>Cerebral angiography</span></div></div>
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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Cerebral angiography</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Cerebral angiography is a procedure that uses a special dye (contrast material) and x-rays to see how blood flows through the brain.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How the Test is Performed</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>Cerebral angiography is done in the hospital or radiology center. </p><ul><li>You lie on an x-ray table.</li><li>Your head is held still using a strap, tape, or sandbags, so you do not move it during the procedure.</li><li>Before the test starts, you are given a mild sedative to help you relax.</li><li>An <a test="test" href="./003868.htm">electrocardiogram</a> (ECG) monitors your heart activity during the test. Sticky patches, called leads, will be placed on your arms and legs. Wires connect the leads to the ECG machine. </li></ul><p>An area of your body, usually the groin, is cleaned and numbed with a local numbing medicine (anesthetic). A thin, hollow tube called a catheter is placed through an artery. The catheter is carefully moved up through the main blood vessels in the belly area and chest into an artery in the neck. X-rays help the radiologist guide the catheter to the correct position. </p><p>Once the catheter is in place, dye is sent through the catheter. X-ray images are taken to see how the dye moves through the artery and blood vessels of the brain. The dye helps highlight any blockages in blood flow.</p><p>Sometimes, a computer removes the bones and tissues on the images being viewed, so that only the blood vessels filled with the dye are seen. This is called digital subtraction angiography (DSA).</p><p>After the x-rays are taken, the catheter is withdrawn. Pressure is applied on the leg at the site of insertion for 10 to 15 minutes to stop the bleeding or a device is used to close the tiny hole. A tight bandage is then applied. Your leg should be kept straight for 2 to 6 hours after the procedure. Watch the area for bleeding for at least the next 12 hours. In rare cases, a wrist artery is used instead of the groin artery.</p><p>Angiography with a catheter is used less often now. This is because MRA (<a test="test" href="./007269.htm">magnetic resonance angiography</a>) and <a test="test" href="./007677.htm">CT angiography</a> give clearer images.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How to Prepare for the Test</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>Before the procedure, your health care provider will examine you and order blood tests. </p><p>Tell your provider if you:</p><ul><li>Have a history of bleeding problems or take medicines that are blood thinners</li><li>Have had an allergic reaction to x-ray contrast dye or any iodine substance</li><li>May be pregnant</li><li>Have kidney function problems </li></ul><p>You may be told not to eat or drink anything for 4 to 8 hours before the test.</p><p>When you arrive at the testing site, you will be given a hospital gown to wear. You must remove all jewelry.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How the Test will Feel</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>The x-ray table may feel hard and cold. You may ask for a blanket or pillow.</p><p>Some people feel a sting when the numbing medicine (anesthetic) is given. You will feel a brief, sharp pain and pressure as the catheter is moved into the body. Once the initial placement is complete, you will not feel the catheter any longer.</p><p>The contrast may cause a warm or burning feeling of the skin of the face or head. This is normal and usually goes away within a few seconds.</p><p>You may have slight tenderness and bruising at the site of the injection after the test.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Why the Test is Performed</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>Cerebral angiography is most often used to identify or confirm problems with the blood vessels in or around the brain.</p><p>Your provider may order this test if you have symptoms or signs of:</p><ul><li>Abnormal blood vessels in the brain (vascular malformation)</li><li>Bulging blood vessel in the brain (<a test="test" href="./001414.htm">aneurysm</a>)</li><li>Narrowing of the arteries in the brain</li><li>Inflammation of the blood vessels in the brain (vasculitis) </li></ul><p>It is sometimes used to:</p><ul><li>Look at blood flow to a tumor.</li><li>Evaluate the arteries of the head and neck before surgery.</li><li>Find a clot that may have caused a <a test="test" href="./000726.htm">stroke</a>. </li></ul><p>In some cases, this procedure may be used to get more detailed information after something abnormal has been detected by an MRI or <a test="test" href="./003786.htm">CT scan of the head</a>.</p><p>This test may also be done in preparation for medical treatment (<a test="test" href="./007451.htm">interventional radiology procedures</a>) by way of certain blood vessels. For instance, this test can be part of a treatment for a stroke or to treat a brain aneurysm.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>What Abnormal Results Mean</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>Contrast dye flowing out of the blood vessel may be a sign of bleeding.</p><p>Narrowed or blocked arteries may suggest: </p><ul><li>Cholesterol deposits</li><li>A spasm of a brain artery</li><li>Inherited disorders </li><li>Blood clots causing a stroke</li></ul><p>Out of place blood vessels may be due to: </p><ul><li>Brain tumors</li><li>Bleeding within the skull</li><li><a test="test" href="./001414.htm">Aneurysm</a></li><li>Abnormal connection between the arteries and veins in the brain (<a test="test" href="./000779.htm">arteriovenous malformation</a>) </li></ul><p>Abnormal results may also be due to cancer that started in another part of the body and has spread to the brain (<a test="test" href="./000769.htm">metastatic brain tumor</a>).</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Risks</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>Complications may include:</p><ul><li>Allergic reaction to the contrast dye</li><li>Blood clot or bleeding where the catheter is inserted, which could partly block blood flow to the leg or hand (rare)</li><li>Damage to an artery or artery wall from the catheter, which can block blood flow and cause a stroke (rare)</li><li>Damage to the kidneys from the IV contrast</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Considerations</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-7" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-7"><p>Tell your provider right away if you have:</p><ul><li>Weakness in your face muscles</li><li>Numbness in your leg during or after the procedure</li><li>Slurred speech during or after the procedure</li><li>Vision problems during or after the procedure </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Vertebral angiogram; Angiography - head; Carotid angiogram; Cervicocerebral catheter-based angiography; Intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography; IADSA</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/1152t.jpg" alt="Carotid stenosis - X-ray of the left artery" title="Carotid stenosis - X-ray of the left artery" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/1152.htm">Carotid stenosis - X-ray of the left artery</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Adamczyk P, Liebeskind DS. Vascular imaging: computed tomographic angiography, magnetic resonance angiography, and ultrasound. In: Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, Newman NJ, eds. <em>Bradley and Daroff's Neurology in Clinical Practice</em>. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 41.</p><p>Barras CD, Bhattacharya JJ. Current status of imaging of the brain and anatomical features. In: Adam A, Dixon AK, Gillard JH, Schaefer-Prokop CM, eds. <em>Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology: A Textbook of Medical Imaging</em>. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 53.</p><p>Chernecky CC, Berger BJ. Cerebral angiography (cerebral angiogram) - diagnostic. In: Chernecky CC, Berger BJ, eds. <em>Laboratory Tests and Diagnostic Procedures</em>. 6th ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders; 2013:309-310.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 7/5/2022</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<div id="section-version" class="section-body"><p>Updated by: Jason Levy, MD, FSIR, Northside Radiology Associates, Atlanta, GA. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.</p>
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