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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Semen analysis measures the amount and quality of a man's semen and sperm. Semen is the thick, white fluid released during ejaculation that contains sperm.</p><p>This test is sometimes called a sperm count.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How the Test is Performed</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>You will need to provide a semen sample. Your health care provider will explain how to collect a sample.</p><div class="videobox"><div class="group"><img class="rollover_globals" alt="Sperm release pathway" title="Sperm release pathway" src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/200019t.gif"/>Watch this video about:<a class="blk" href="../anatomyvideos/000121.htm">Sperm release pathway</a></div></div><p>Methods for collecting a sperm sample include: </p><ul><li>Masturbating into a sterile jar or cup</li><li>Using a special condom during intercourse given to you by your provider </li></ul><p>You should get the sample to the lab within 30 minutes. If the sample is collected at home, keep it in the inside pocket of your coat so that it will stay at body temperature while you are transporting it.</p><p>A laboratory specialist must look at the sample within 2 hours of the collection. The earlier the sample is analyzed, the more reliable the results. The following things will be evaluated: </p><ul><li>How the semen thickens into a solid and turns to liquid</li><li>Fluid thickness, acidity, and sugar content</li><li>Resistance to flow (viscosity)</li><li>Movement of the sperm (motility)</li><li>Number and structure of the sperm</li><li>Volume of semen </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How to Prepare for the Test</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>In order to have an adequate sperm count, do not have any sexual activity that causes ejaculation for 2 to 3 days before the test. However, this time should not be longer than 5 days, after which the quality can diminish. </p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How the Test will Feel</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>Talk to your provider if you are uncomfortable with how the sample is to be collected. </p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Why the Test is Performed</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>Semen analysis is one of the first tests done to evaluate a man's fertility. It can help determine if a problem in sperm production or quality of the sperm is causing <a test="test" href="./001191.htm">infertility</a>. About half of couples unable to have children have a male infertility problem.</p><p>The test may also be used after a <a test="test" href="./002995.htm">vasectomy</a> to make sure there are no sperm in the semen. This can confirm the success of the vasectomy.</p><p>The test may also be performed for the following condition:</p><ul><li><a test="test" href="./000382.htm">Klinefelter syndrome</a></li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Normal Results</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>A few of the common normal values are listed below.</p><ul><li>The normal volume varies from 1.5 to 5.0 milliliter per ejaculation.</li><li>The sperm count varies from 20 to 150 million sperm per milliliter.</li><li>At least 60% of the sperm should have a normal shape and show normal forward movement (motility). </li></ul><p>Normal value ranges may vary slightly among different laboratories. Talk to your provider about the meaning of your specific test results.</p><p>An abnormal result does not always mean there is a problem with a man's ability to have children. Therefore, it is not completely clear how the test results should be interpreted.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>What Abnormal Results Mean</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>Abnormal results may suggest a male infertility problem. For example, if the sperm count is very low or very high, a man may be less fertile. The acidity of the semen and the presence of white blood cells (suggesting infection) may affect fertility. Testing may reveal abnormal shapes or abnormal movements of the sperm.</p><p>However, there are many unknowns in male infertility. Further testing may be needed if abnormalities are found. </p><p>Many of the causes of male infertility are treatable. </p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Risks</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-7" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-7"><p>There are no risks.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Considerations</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-8" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-8"><p>The following may affect a man's fertility:</p><ul><li>Alcohol</li><li>Many recreational and prescription drugs</li><li>Tobacco </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Male fertility test; Sperm count; Infertility - semen analysis</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/19471t.jpg" alt="Sperm" title="Sperm" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/19471.htm">Sperm</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/9875t.jpg" alt="Semen analysis" title="Semen analysis" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/9875.htm">Semen analysis</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Jeelani R, Bluth MH. Reproductive function and pregnancy. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. <em>Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods</em>. 24th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 26.</p><p>Swerdloff RS, Wang C. The testis and male hypogonadism, infertility, and sexual dysfunction. In: Goldman L, Cooney KA, eds. <em>Goldman-Cecil Medicine</em>. 27th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2024:chap 216.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 3/31/2024</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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