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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Weight gain – unintentional</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Unintentional weight gain is when you gain weight without trying to do so and you are not eating or drinking more.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Causes</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>Gaining weight when you are not trying to do so can have many causes. </p><p>Metabolism slows down as you <a test="test" href="./003998.htm">age</a>. This can cause weight gain if you eat too much, eat the wrong foods, or do not get enough exercise.</p><p>Drugs that can cause weight gain include: </p><ul><li>Birth control pills </li><li>Corticosteroids </li><li>Some drugs used to treat bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and depression</li><li>Some drugs used to treat diabetes</li></ul><p>Hormone changes or medical problems can also cause unintentional weight gain. This may be due to:</p><ul><li>Cushing syndrome</li><li>Underactive thyroid, or low thyroid (hypothyroidism)</li><li>Polycystic ovary syndrome</li><li>Menopause</li><li>Pregnancy</li></ul><p>Bloating, or swelling due to a <a test="test" href="./003103.htm">buildup of fluid in the tissues</a> can cause weight gain. This may be due to menstruation, heart or kidney failure, preeclampsia, or medicines you take. A rapid weight gain may be a sign of dangerous fluid retention.</p><p>If you quit smoking, you might gain weight. Most people who quit smoking gain 4 to 10 pounds (2 to 4.5 kilograms) in the first 6 months after quitting. Some gain as much as 25 to 30 pounds (11 to 14 kilograms). This weight gain is not simply due to eating more.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Home Care</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>A healthy <a test="test" href="../patientinstructions/000385.htm">diet and exercise program</a> can help you manage your weight. Talk to your health care provider or a dietitian about how to make a healthy eating plan and set realistic weight goals. </p><p>Do not stop any medicines that may be causing the weight gain without talking with your provider.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>When to Contact a Medical Professional</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>Contact your provider if you have the following symptoms with the weight gain: </p><ul><li><a test="test" href="../patientinstructions/000120.htm">Constipation</a></li><li>Excessive weight gain without a known cause</li><li><a test="test" href="./003246.htm">Hair loss</a></li><li>Feel cold more often than before</li><li>Swollen feet and <a test="test" href="./003075.htm">shortness of breath</a></li><li>Uncontrollable <a test="test" href="./003134.htm">hunger</a> accompanied by <a test="test" href="./003081.htm">palpitations</a>, tremor, and <a test="test" href="./003218.htm">sweating</a></li><li>Vision changes </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>What to Expect at Your Office Visit</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>Your provider will perform a physical exam and calculate your <a test="test" href="./007196.htm">body mass index (BMI)</a>. The provider may also ask questions, such as:</p><ul><li>How much weight have you gained? Did you gain the weight quickly or slowly?</li><li>Are you anxious, depressed, or under stress? Do you have a history of depression?</li><li>What medicines do you take?</li><li>What other symptoms do you have?</li></ul><p>You may have the following tests:</p><ul><li>Blood tests </li><li>Tests to measure hormone levels</li><li>Nutritional assessment </li></ul><p>Your provider may suggest a diet and exercise program or refer you to a dietitian. Weight gain caused by stress or feeling sad may require counseling. If weight gain is caused by a physical illness, treatment (if there is any) for the underlying cause will be prescribed.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/19383t.jpg" alt="Aerobic exercise" title="Aerobic exercise" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/19383.htm">Aerobic exercise</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/19489t.jpg" alt="Calories and fat per serving" title="Calories and fat per serving" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/19489.htm">Calories and fat per serving</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Jensen MD, Bessesen DH. Obesity. In: Goldman L, Cooney KA, eds. <em>Goldman-Cecil Medicine</em>. 27th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2024:chap 201.</p><p>Kumar RB, Aronne LJ. Obesity. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. <em>Sleisenger & Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease</em>. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 7.</p><p>Maratos-Flier E. Obesity. In: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, eds. <em>Williams Textbook of Endocrinology</em>. 14th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 40.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 7/8/2023</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<div id="section-version" class="section-body"><p>Updated by: Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Clinical Professor, Department of Family Medicine, UW Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team. </p>
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