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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Stuffy or runny nose - children</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>A stuffy or congested nose occurs when the tissues lining the nose become swollen. The swelling is due to inflamed blood vessels. </p><p>The problem may also include nasal discharge or "runny nose." If excess mucus runs down the back of the throat (postnasal drip), it may cause a cough or sore throat.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Considerations</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>Most of the time, nasal congestion in older children and adolescents is not serious by itself, but can cause other problems. </p><p>When nasal stuffiness is just on one side, the child may have inserted something into the nose. </p><p>Nasal congestion can interfere with the ears, hearing, and speech development. Congestion that is very bad may interfere with sleep.</p><p>The mucous drainage may plug up the eustachian tube between the nose and the ear, causing an <a test="test" href="./001336.htm">ear infection</a> and pain. The mucous drip may also plug the sinus passages, causing <a test="test" href="./000647.htm">sinus infection</a> and pain.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Causes</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>A stuffy or runny nose may be caused by: </p><ul><li><a test="test" href="./000678.htm">Common cold</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./000080.htm">Flu</a></li><li>Sinus infection</li></ul><p>The congestion typically goes away by itself within a week. </p><p>Congestion also can be caused by: </p><ul><li>Hay fever or other <a test="test" href="./000812.htm">allergies</a></li><li>Use of some nasal sprays or drops bought without a prescription for more than 3 days (may make nasal stuffiness worse) </li><li>Nasal polyps, sac-like growths of inflamed tissue lining the nose or sinuses</li><li>Pregnancy </li><li>Vasomotor rhinitis</li><li>Small objects in the nostril</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Home Care</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>Tips to help infants and younger children include: </p><ul><li>Raise the head of your child's bed. Put a pillow underneath the head of the mattress. Or, place books or boards under the legs at the head of the bed.</li><li>Older children may drink extra fluids, but those fluids should be sugar-free.</li><li>You can try a cool-mist vaporizer, but avoid putting too much moisture in the room. Clean the vaporizer every day with bleach or a disinfectant cleaning product.</li><li>You can also steam up the bathroom shower and bring your child in there before bed. </li></ul><p>A nasal wash can help remove mucus from your child's nose. </p><ul><li>You can buy a saline spray at a drugstore or make one at home. To make one, use 1 cup (240 milliliters) of warm water, 1/2 teaspoon (3 grams) of salt, and a pinch of baking soda.</li><li>Use gentle saline nasal sprays 3 to 4 times per day. </li></ul><p>If your child has allergies:</p><ul><li>Your health care provider may also prescribe nasal sprays that treat allergy symptoms.</li><li>Learn how to avoid triggers that make <a test="test" href="../patientinstructions/000547.htm">allergies worse</a>. </li></ul><p>Nasal sprays are not recommended for children under age 2. Don't use over-the-counter nasal sprays more often than 3 days on and 3 days off, unless told to by your provider.</p><p>You can buy cough and cold medicines without a prescription. They do not seem to be effective in children. </p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>When to Contact a Medical Professional</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>Contact the provider if your child has any of the following:</p><ul><li>A stuffy nose with swelling of the forehead, eyes, side of the nose, or cheek, or that occurs with blurred vision </li><li>More throat pain, or white or yellow spots on the tonsils or other parts of the throat</li><li>Discharge from the nose that has a bad smell, comes from only one side, or is a color other than white or yellow</li><li>Cough that lasts longer than 10 days, or produces yellow-green or gray mucus</li><li>Symptoms that last more than 3 weeks </li><li>Nasal discharge with fever</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>What to Expect at Your Office Visit</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>Your child's provider may perform a physical exam that focuses on the ears, nose, throat, and airways. </p><p>Tests that may be done include: </p><ul><li><a test="test" href="./003519.htm">Allergy tests</a> on skin and blood tests </li><li>Blood tests (such as <a test="test" href="./003642.htm">CBC</a> or blood differential) </li><li>Sputum culture and <a test="test" href="./003746.htm">throat culture</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./003803.htm">X-rays of the sinuses</a> and chest x-ray</li><li><a test="test" href="./003786.htm">CT</a> scan of the head</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Nose - congested; Congested nose; Runny nose; Postnasal drip; Rhinorrhea</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Patient Instructions</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-carepnt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div name="Patient Instructions" class="section-body" id="section-carepnt"><ul class="side-nav"><li><a href="../patientinstructions/000249.htm">Colds and the flu - what to ask your doctor - adult</a></li>
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<li><a href="../patientinstructions/000250.htm">Colds and the flu - what to ask your doctor - child</a></li>
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<li><a href="../patientinstructions/000319.htm">When your baby or infant has a fever</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Lopez SMC, Williams JV. Rhinoviruses. In: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds.<em> Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics.</em> 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 290.</p><p>McGann KA, Long SS. Respiratory tract symptom complexes. In: Long SS, ed. <em>Principles and Practice of Pediatric Infectious Diseases</em>. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 21.</p><p>Milgrom H, Sicherer SH. Allergic rhinitis. In: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds.<em> Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics.</em> 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 168.</p></div></div></section>
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