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</div><div><span>Intraductal papilloma</span></div></div>
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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Intraductal papilloma</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Intraductal papilloma is a small, noncancerous (benign) <a test="test" href="./001310.htm">tumor</a> that grows in a milk duct of the breast.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Causes</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>Intraductal papilloma occurs most often in women ages 35 to 55. The causes and risk factors are unknown.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Symptoms</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>Symptoms include:</p><ul><li><a test="test" href="./003155.htm">Breast lump</a></li><li>Nipple discharge, which may be clear or bloodstained</li></ul><p>These findings may be in just one breast or in both breasts.</p><p>For the most part, these papillomas do not cause pain.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Exams and Tests</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>The health care provider might feel a small lump under the nipple, but this lump cannot always be felt. There may be discharge from the nipple. Sometimes, an intraductal papilloma is found on a mammogram or ultrasound, and then diagnosed by a needle biopsy.</p><p>If there is a mass or nipple discharge, both mammogram and ultrasound should be performed. </p><p>If these are normal, then breast MRI is sometimes recommended. If the MRI is normal, a needle or surgical biopsy may be performed to rule out cancer.</p><p>An intraductal papilloma is diagnosed on needle or surgical biopsy.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Treatment</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>If there is nipple discharge, the duct is removed with surgery if imaging did not show a lump that can be checked with a needle biopsy. If a needle biopsy shows an intraductal papilloma, the papilloma may be removed with surgery, or watched over time with exams and imaging.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Outlook (Prognosis)</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>For the most part, intraductal papillomas do not appear to increase the risk of developing breast cancer.</p><p>The outcome is excellent for people with one papilloma. The risk for cancer may be higher for:</p><ul><li>Women with many papillomas</li><li>Women who get them at an early age</li><li>Women with a family history of cancer</li><li>Women who have abnormal cells in the biopsy</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Possible Complications</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-7" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-7"><p>Complications of surgery can include bleeding, infection, scarring, and anesthesia risks. If the biopsy shows cancer, you may need further surgery and treatment.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>When to Contact a Medical Professional</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-8" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-8"><p>Contact your provider if you notice any breast discharge or a breast lump.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Prevention</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-9" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-9"><p>There is no known way to prevent intraductal papilloma. <a test="test" href="./001993.htm">Breast self-exams</a> and screening <a test="test" href="./003380.htm">mammograms</a> can help detect the disease early.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/17077t.jpg" alt="Intraductal papilloma" title="Intraductal papilloma" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/17077.htm">Intraductal papilloma</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/17093t.jpg" alt="Abnormal discharge from the nipple" title="Abnormal discharge from the nipple" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/17093.htm">Abnormal discharge from the nipple</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/24359t.jpg" alt="Core needle biopsy of the breast" title="Core needle biopsy of the breast" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/19935.htm">Core needle biopsy of the breast</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Cox DM, Lippe C, Geletzke AK, et al. Etiology and management of benign breast disease. In: Klimberg VS, Gradishar WJ, Bland KI, Korourian S, White J, Copeland EM, eds. <em>Bland and Copeland's The Breast: Comprehensive Management of Benign and Malignant Disorders.</em> 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2024:chap 14.</p><p>Davidson NE. Breast cancer and benign breast disorders. In: Goldman L, Cooney KA, eds. <em>Goldman-Cecil Medicine.</em> 27th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2024:chap 183.</p><p>Klimberg VS, Hunt KK. Diseases of the breast. In: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. <em>Sabiston Textbook of Surgery.</em> 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 35.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 11/25/2023</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<div id="section-version" class="section-body"><p>Updated by: Debra G. Wechter, MD, FACS, General Surgery Practice Specializing in Breast Cancer, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.</p>
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