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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Amaurosis fugax</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Amaurosis fugax is a temporary loss of vision in one or both eyes due to a lack of blood flow to the <a test="test" href="./002291.htm">retina</a>. The retina is the light-sensitive layer of tissue at the back of the eyeball.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Causes</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>Amaurosis fugax is not itself a disease. Instead, it is a sign of other disorders. Amaurosis fugax can occur from different causes. One cause is when a blood clot or a piece of plaque blocks an artery in the eye. The blood clot or plaque usually travels from a larger artery, such as the carotid artery in the neck or an artery in the heart, to an artery in the eye.</p><p>Plaque is a hard substance that forms when fat, cholesterol, and other substances build up in the walls of arteries. Risk factors include:</p><ul><li>Heart disease, especially irregular heartbeat</li><li><a test="test" href="./000944.htm">Alcohol abuse</a></li><li>Cocaine use</li><li><a test="test" href="./001214.htm">Diabetes</a></li><li>Family history of <a test="test" href="./000726.htm">stroke</a></li><li>High blood pressure</li><li>High cholesterol</li><li>Increasing age</li><li>Smoking (people who smoke one pack a day double their risk for a stroke)</li></ul><p>Amaurosis fugax can also occur because of other disorders such as:</p><ul><li>Other eye problems, such as inflammation of the optic nerve (<a test="test" href="./000741.htm">optic neuritis</a>)</li><li>Blood vessel disease called <a test="test" href="./001438.htm">polyarteritis nodosa</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./000709.htm">Migraine headaches</a></li><li>Brain tumor</li><li>Head injury</li><li><a test="test" href="./000737.htm">Multiple sclerosis</a> (MS), inflammation of the nerves due to the body's immune cells attacking the nervous system</li><li><a test="test" href="./000435.htm">Systemic lupus erythematosus</a>, an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune cells attack healthy tissue throughout the body</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Symptoms</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>Symptoms include the sudden loss of vision in one or both eyes. This usually lasts for a few seconds to several minutes. Afterward, vision returns to normal. Some people describe the loss of vision as a gray or black shade coming down over the eye.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Exams and Tests</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>Your health care provider will perform a complete eye and nervous system exam. In some cases, an eye exam will reveal a bright spot where the clot is blocking a retinal artery.</p><p>Tests that may be done include:</p><ul><li><a test="test" href="./003774.htm">Ultrasound</a> or <a test="test" href="./007269.htm">magnetic resonance angiography scan</a> of the carotid artery to check for blood clots or plaque</li><li>Blood tests to check cholesterol and blood sugar levels</li><li>Tests of the heart, such as an <a test="test" href="./003868.htm">electrocardiogram</a> (ECG), or Holter monitor or loop recorder to check its electrical activity</li><li><a test="test" href="./003869.htm">Echocardiogram</a> to check the structure of the heart and to look for blood clots in the heart</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Treatment</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>Treatment of amaurosis fugax depends on its cause. When amaurosis fugax is due to a blood clot or plaque, the concern is to prevent a stroke. The following can help prevent a stroke:</p><ul><li>Avoid fatty foods and follow a healthy, low-fat diet. Do not drink more than 1 to 2 alcoholic drinks a day.</li><li>Exercise regularly: 30 minutes a day if you are not overweight; 60 to 90 minutes a day if you are overweight.</li><li><a test="test" href="./001992.htm">Quit smoking</a>.</li><li>Most people should aim for a blood pressure below 120 to 130/80 mm Hg. If you have diabetes or have had a stroke, your provider may tell you to aim for a lower blood pressure.</li><li>If you have diabetes, heart disease, or hardening of the arteries, your LDL (bad) cholesterol should be lower than 70 mg/dL. Some experts recommend an even lower target, below 55 mg/dL.</li><li>Follow your provider's treatment plans if you have high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol, or heart disease.</li></ul><p>Your provider may also recommend:</p><ul><li>No treatment. You may only need regular visits to check the health of your heart and carotid arteries.</li><li>Aspirin, warfarin (Coumadin), or other blood-thinning medicines to lower your risk for stroke. </li></ul><p>If a large part of the carotid artery appears blocked, <a test="test" href="./002951.htm">carotid endarterectomy</a> surgery is done to remove the blockage. The decision to do surgery is also based on your overall health. </p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Outlook (Prognosis)</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>Amaurosis fugax increases your risk for stroke.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>When to Contact a Medical Professional</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>Contact your provider if any vision loss occurs. If symptoms last longer than a few minutes or if there are other symptoms with the vision loss, seek medical attention right away.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Transient monocular blindness; Transient monocular visual loss; TMVL; Transient monocular visual loss; Transient binocular visual loss; TBVL; Temporary visual loss - amaurosis fugax</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Biller J, Schneck MJ, Ruland S. Ischemic cerebrovascular disease. In: Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, Newman NJ, eds. <em>Bradley and Daroff's Neurology in Clinical Practice</em>. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 65.</p><p>Brown GC, Sharma S, Brown MM. Ocular ischemic syndrome. In: Sadda SVR, Sarraf D, Freund KB, et al, eds. <em>Ryan's Retina</em>. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 61.</p><p>Lloyd-Jones DM, Morris PB, Ballantyne CM, et al. 2022 ACC expert consensus decision pathway on the role of nonstatin therapies for LDL-Cholesterol lowering in the management of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk: A Report of the American College of Cardiology Solution Set Oversight Committee. <em>J Am Coll Cardiol</em>. 2022;80(14):1366-1418. PMID: 36031461 <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36031461/" target="_blank">pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36031461/</a>.</p></div></div></section>
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