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</div><div><span>Jaundice</span></div></div>
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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Jaundice</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Jaundice is a yellow color of the skin, mucus membranes, or eyes. The yellow coloring comes from bilirubin, a byproduct of old red blood cells. Jaundice can be a symptom of several health problems.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Causes</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>A small number of red blood cells in your body die each day, and are replaced by new ones. The liver removes the old blood cells. This creates bilirubin. The liver helps break down bilirubin so that it can be removed by the body through the stool.</p><p>Jaundice can occur when too much bilirubin builds up in the body.</p><p>Jaundice can occur if:</p><ul><li>Too many red blood cells are dying or breaking down and going to the liver.</li><li>The liver is overloaded or damaged.</li><li>The bilirubin from the liver is unable to move normally into the digestive tract. </li></ul><p>Jaundice is often a sign of a problem with the liver, gallbladder, or pancreas. Things that can <a test="test" href="./007491.htm">cause jaundice</a> include:</p><ul><li>Infections, most commonly viral</li><li>Use of certain drugs</li><li>Cancer of the liver, bile ducts or pancreas</li><li>Blood disorders, gallstones, birth defects and a number of other medical conditions </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Symptoms</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>Jaundice may appear suddenly or develop slowly over time. Symptoms of jaundice commonly include:</p><ul><li>Yellow skin and the white part of the eyes (sclera) -- when jaundice is more severe, these areas may look brown</li><li>Yellow color inside the mouth</li><li>Dark or brown-colored urine</li><li>Pale or clay-colored stools</li><li>Itching (pruritis) usually occurs with jaundice </li></ul><p>Note: If your skin is yellow and the whites of your eyes are not yellow, you may not have jaundice. Your skin can turn a yellow-to-orange color if you eat a lot of beta carotene, the orange pigment in carrots.</p><p>Other symptoms depend on the disorder causing the jaundice:</p><ul><li>Cancers may produce no symptoms, or there may be fatigue, weight loss, or other symptoms.</li><li>Hepatitis may produce nausea, vomiting, fatigue, or other symptoms. </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Exams and Tests</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>The health care provider will perform a physical exam. This may show liver swelling.</p><p>A <a test="test" href="./003479.htm">bilirubin blood test</a> will be done. Other tests may include:</p><ul><li><a test="test" href="./003558.htm">Hepatitis virus panel</a> to look for infection of the liver</li><li><a test="test" href="./003436.htm">Liver function tests</a> to determine how well the liver is working</li><li><a test="test" href="./003642.htm">Complete blood count</a> to check for low blood count or anemia</li><li><a test="test" href="./003777.htm">Abdominal ultrasound</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./003789.htm">Abdominal CT scan</a></li><li>Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)</li><li>
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Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (<a test="test" href="./007479.htm">ERCP</a>)
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</li><li>Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram (<a test="test" href="./003820.htm">PTCA</a>)</li><li><a test="test" href="./003895.htm">Liver biopsy</a></li><li>Cholesterol level</li><li><a test="test" href="./003652.htm">Prothrombin time</a></li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Treatment</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>Treatment depends on the cause of the jaundice.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>When to Contact a Medical Professional</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>Contact your provider if you develop jaundice.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Conditions associated with jaundice; Yellow skin and eyes; Skin - yellow; Icterus; Eyes - yellow; Yellow jaundice</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/19512t.jpg" alt="Jaundice" title="Jaundice" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/19512.htm">Jaundice</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2913t.jpg" alt="Jaundiced infant" title="Jaundiced infant" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2913.htm">Jaundiced infant</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/8849t.jpg" alt="Cirrhosis of the liver" title="Cirrhosis of the liver" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/8849.htm">Cirrhosis of the liver</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/17092t.jpg" alt="Bili lights" title="Bili lights" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/17092.htm">Bili lights</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Fargo MV, Grogan SP, Saquil A. Evaluation of jaundice in adults. <em>Am Fam Physician</em>. 2017;95(3):164-168. PMID: 28145671 <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28145671/" target="_blank">pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28145671/</a>.</p><p>Korenblat KM, Berk PD. Approach to the patient with jaundice or abnormal liver tests. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. <em>Goldman-Cecil Medicine</em>. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 138.</p><p>Lidofsky SD. Jaundice. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. <em>Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease: Pathophysiology/Diagnosis/Management</em>. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 21.</p><p>Zdradzinski MJ, Taylor TA. Jaundice. In: Walls RM, ed. <em>Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice</em>. 10th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 24.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 5/2/2023</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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