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<span>Urobilinogen in Urine</span>
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<h1>Urobilinogen in Urine</h1>
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<section><div class="mp-content"><h2>What is a urobilinogen in urine test?</h2>
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<p>A urobilinogen in urine test measures the amount of urobilinogen in your urine (pee). Urobilinogen comes from bilirubin. Your body makes bilirubin during the normal process of breaking down old red blood cells. Your liver uses the bilirubin to make bile, a fluid that helps you digest food in your intestines. Some bile flows through your bile ducts (small tubes) from your liver directly into your intestines. The rest is stored in your gallbladder for when you need it.</p>
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<p>Good bacteria in your intestines breaks down the bilirubin in your bile and makes urobilinogen. Some of the urobilinogen leaves your body in your stool (poop). Some of it enters your bloodstream and returns to your liver, where it's "recycled" into bile. Normal urine contains some urobilinogen.</p>
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<p><strong>High levels of urobilinogen</strong> in urine may be a sign that:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Your liver can't recycle urobilinogen into bile because of a <a data-tid="310" href="https://medlineplus.gov/liverdiseases.html">liver disease</a> such as <a data-tid="109" href="https://medlineplus.gov/hepatitis.html">hepatitis</a> or <a data-tid="190" href="https://medlineplus.gov/cirrhosis.html">cirrhosis</a>.</li>
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<li>Your liver is making too much bilirubin because your body breaks down red blood cells faster than it can make them. This condition is called hemolytic <a data-tid="139" href="https://medlineplus.gov/anemia.html">anemia</a>.</li>
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</ul>
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<p><strong>Little or no urobilinogen</strong> in urine may be a sign of:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Something blocking bile from flowing into your intestines.</li>
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<li>Other problems with your liver, <a data-tid="259" href="https://medlineplus.gov/gallbladderdiseases.html">gallbladder</a>, or <a data-tid="3787" href="https://medlineplus.gov/bileductdiseases.html">bile ducts</a>.</li>
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</ul>
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<p>Other names: urine test; urine analysis; UA, chemical urinalysis</p></div>
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</section>
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<section><div class="mp-content"><h2>What is it used for?</h2>
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<p>A urobilinogen in urine test may be part of a <a data-tid="6355" href="https://medlineplus.gov/urinalysis.html">urinalysis</a>, a test which may include a visual check of your urine sample, tests for certain chemicals, and an examination under a microscope to look for certain types of cells. A urinalysis is often used to check your general health, including the health of your urinary tract and kidneys. It can also help diagnose diseases that affect the liver and many other medical conditions.</p></div>
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</section>
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<section><div class="mp-content"><h2>Why do I need a urobilinogen in urine test?</h2>
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<p>Your health care provider may order this test as part of your <a data-tid="4751" href="https://medlineplus.gov/healthcheckup.html">routine checkup</a> or to monitor an existing liver condition. You may also have this test if you have symptoms of liver disease or hemolytic anemia.</p>
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<p>Liver disease/damage symptoms may include:</p>
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<ul>
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<li><a data-tid="489" href="https://medlineplus.gov/nauseaandvomiting.html">Nausea and vomiting</a></li>
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<li>Lack of appetite</li>
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||
<li><a data-tid="5324" href="https://medlineplus.gov/fatigue.html">Fatigue</a></li>
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||
<li>Weakness</li>
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||
<li><a data-tid="4452" href="https://medlineplus.gov/jaundice.html">Jaundice</a>, a condition that causes your skin and eyes to turn yellow</li>
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||
<li><a data-tid="1229" href="https://medlineplus.gov/edema.html">Swelling</a> and/or pain in your abdomen (belly)</li>
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<li>Swelling in your ankles and legs</li>
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<li>Dark-colored urine (pee) and/or light-colored stool (poop)</li>
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<li>Frequent <a data-tid="3067" href="https://medlineplus.gov/itching.html">itching</a></li>
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</ul>
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<p>Hemolytic anemia symptoms may include:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>Fatigue</li>
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<li><a data-tid="216" href="https://medlineplus.gov/dizzinessandvertigo.html">Dizziness</a></li>
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<li>Heart palpitations (feeling that your heart is pounding or racing)</li>
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||
<li><a data-tid="273" href="https://medlineplus.gov/headache.html">Headache</a></li>
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||
<li>Problems concentrating or thinking</li>
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<li>Jaundice</li>
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<li><a data-tid="3061" href="https://medlineplus.gov/abdominalpain.html">Abdominal (belly) pain</a> due to an enlarged liver or <a data-tid="414" href="https://medlineplus.gov/spleendiseases.html">spleen</a></li>
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</ul></div>
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</section>
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<section><div class="mp-content"><h2>What happens during a urobilinogen in urine test?</h2>
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<p>You will need to give a urine sample for the test. A health care professional may give you a cleansing wipe, a small container, and instructions for how to use the "clean catch" method to collect your urine sample. It's important to follow these instructions so that germs from your skin don't get into the sample:</p>
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<ol>
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<li>Wash your hands with soap and water and dry them.</li>
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<li>Open the container without touching the inside.</li>
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<li>Clean your genital area with the cleansing wipe:
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<ul>
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<li>For a penis, wipe the entire head (end) of the penis. If you have a foreskin, pull it back first.</li>
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<li>For a vagina, separate the labia (the folds of skin around the vagina) and wipe the inner sides from front to back.</li>
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</ul>
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</li>
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<li>Urinate into the toilet for a few seconds and then stop the flow. Start urinating again, this time into the container. Don't let the container touch your body.</li>
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<li>Collect at least an ounce or two of urine into the container. The container should have markings to show how much urine is needed.</li>
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<li>Finish urinating into the toilet.</li>
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||
<li>Put the cap on the container and return it as instructed.</li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
<p>If you have <a data-tid="1226" href="https://medlineplus.gov/hemorrhoids.html">hemorrhoids</a> that bleed or are having your <a data-tid="325" href="https://medlineplus.gov/menstruation.html">menstrual period</a>, tell your provider before your test.</p></div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
<section><div class="mp-content"><h2>Will I need to do anything to prepare for the test?</h2>
|
||
<p>You don't need any special preparations. If your provider has ordered other urine or blood tests, you may need to <a data-pid="858" href="https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/fasting-for-a-blood-test/">fast</a> (not eat or drink) for several hours before the test. Your provider will let you know if there are any special instructions to follow.</p></div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
<section><div class="mp-content"><h2>Are there any risks to the test?</h2>
|
||
<p>There is no known risk to having this test.</p></div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
<section><div class="mp-content"><h2>What do the results mean?</h2>
|
||
<p>If your test results show <strong>too little or no urobilinogen</strong> in your urine, it may be a sign of:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>A blockage in the ducts that carry bile from your liver or gallbladder to your intestines</li>
|
||
<li>A blockage in the blood flow through the liver</li>
|
||
<li>A problem with liver function</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>If your test results show a <strong>higher-than-normal level of urobilinogen</strong>, it may be a sign of:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Hepatitis</li>
|
||
<li>Cirrhosis</li>
|
||
<li>Liver damage due to medicines</li>
|
||
<li>Hemolytic anemia</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>If your test results aren't normal, it doesn't always mean you have a medical condition that needs treatment. Certain medicines and supplements can affect your results, so be sure to let your provider know what you are taking. But don't stop taking any medicines unless your provider tells you to.</p>
|
||
<p>Learn more about <a data-pid="806" href="https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/how-to-understand-your-lab-results/">laboratory tests, reference ranges, and understanding results</a>.</p></div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
<section><div class="mp-content"><h2>Is there anything else I need to know about a urobilinogen in urine test?</h2>
|
||
<p>A urobilinogen in urine test alone cannot diagnose a specific condition. If your test results aren't normal, your provider may order other <a data-pid="6661" href="https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/liver-function-tests/">tests to help diagnose liver disease</a> or hemolytic anemia. To learn what your results mean, talk with your provider.</p></div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
<section><div class="mp-refs mp-content"><h2>References</h2>
|
||
<ol>
|
||
<li>Cleveland Clinic: Health Library: Diseases & Conditions [Internet]. Cleveland (OH): Cleveland Clinic; c2024.Hemolytic Anemia; [reviewed 2022 Mar 3; cited 2024 Oct 9]; [about 12 screens]. Available from: <a href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22479-hemolytic-anemia" target="bibliowin">https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22479-hemolytic-anemia</a></li>
|
||
<li>LabCE [Internet]. Lab CE; c2001-2024. Clinical Significance of Urobilinogen in Urine; [cited 2024 Oct 8]; [about 1 screen]. Available from: <a href="https://www.labce.com/spg506382_clinical_significance_of_urobilinogen_in_urine.aspx" target="bibliowin">https://www.labce.com/spg506382_clinical_significance_of_urobilinogen_in_urine.aspx</a></li>
|
||
<li>Labpedia.net [Internet]. c.2014-2024. Urine for Bile Pigments; [cited 2024 Oct 08]; [about 9 screens]. Available from: <a href="https://labpedia.net/urine-for-bile-pigments-bilirubin-urobilinogen-and-bile-salts/" target="bibliowin">https://labpedia.net/urine-for-bile-pigments-bilirubin-urobilinogen-and-bile-salts/</a></li>
|
||
<li>Lala V, Goyal A, Minter DA. Liver Function Tests. StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan-. [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): [last update 2023 Jul 30; cited 2024 Oct 8]; [about 9 screens]. Available from: <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482489/" target="bibliowin">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482489/</a></li>
|
||
<li>Merck Manual Consumer Version [Internet]. Kenilworth (NJ): Merck & Co., Inc.; c2024. Urinalysis and Urine Culture; [reviewed 2024 Jan; cited 2024 Oct 8]; [about 3 screens]. Available from: <a href="https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/kidney-and-urinary-tract-disorders/diagnosis-of-kidney-and-urinary-tract-disorders/urinalysis-and-urine-culture" target="bibliowin">https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/kidney-and-urinary-tract-disorders/diagnosis-of-kidney-and-urinary-tract-disorders/urinalysis-and-urine-culture</a></li>
|
||
<li>Mayo Clinic [Internet]. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; c1998-2024. Bilirubin test; [cited 2024 Oct 8]; [about 5 screens]. Available from: <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/bilirubin/about/pac-20393041" target="bibliowin">https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/bilirubin/about/pac-20393041</a></li>
|
||
<li>Mayo Clinic [Internet]. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; c1998-2024. Liver disease; [cited 2024 Oct 8]; [about 8 screens]. Available from: <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/liver-problems/symptoms-causes/syc-20374502" target="bibliowin">https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/liver-problems/symptoms-causes/syc-20374502</a></li>
|
||
<li>Mayo Clinic [Internet]. Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; c1998-2024. Urinalysis; [cited 2024 Oct 8]; [about 6 screens]. Available from: <a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/urinalysis/about/pac-20384907" target="bibliowin">https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/urinalysis/about/pac-20384907</a></li>
|
||
<li>National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Hemolytic Anemia; [cited 2024 Oct 8]; [about 2 screens]. Available from: <a href="https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/hemolytic-anemia" target="bibliowin">https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/hemolytic-anemia</a></li>
|
||
<li>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Liver Disease; [cited 2024 Oct 8]; [about 2 screens]. Available from: <a href="https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease" target="bibliowin">https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease</a></li>
|
||
<li>Simerville JA, Maxted WC, Pahira JJ. Urinalysis: A Comprehensive Review. Am Fam Physician [Internet]. 2005 Mar 15 [cited 2024 Oct 8]; 1;74(7):1096. Available from: <a href="https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/0315/p1153.html" target="bibliowin">https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/0315/p1153.html</a></li>
|
||
<li>Testing.com [Internet]. Seattle (WA): OneCare Media; c2024. Urinalysis; [modified 2022 Sep 28; cited 2024 Oct 8]; [about 12 screens]. Available from: <a href="https://www.testing.com/tests/urinalysis/" target="bibliowin">https://www.testing.com/tests/urinalysis/</a></li>
|
||
</ol></div>
|
||
</section>
|
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<li><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/how-to-understand-your-lab-results/">How to Understand Your Lab Results</a></li>
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<li><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/liver-function-tests/">Liver Function Tests</a></li>
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"headline": "Urobilinogen in Urine",
|
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"description": "A urobilinogen in urine test measures the amount of urobilinogen in your urine (pee). Urobilinogen comes from bilirubin. Your body makes bilirubin during the normal process of breaking down old red blood cells. Your liver uses the bilirubin to make bile, a fluid that helps you digest food in your intestines. Some bile flows through your bile ducts (small tubes) from your liver directly into your intestines. The rest is stored in your gallbladder for when you need it. Good bacteria in your intestines breaks down the bilirubin in your bile and makes urobilinogen. Some of the urobilinogen leaves your body in your stool (poop). Some of it enters your bloodstream and returns to your liver, where it's 'recycled' into bile. Normal urine contains some urobilinogen. High levels of urobilinogen in urine may be a sign that: Your liver can't recycle urobilinogen into bile because of a liver disease such as hepatitis or cirrhosis.; Your liver is making too much bilirubin because your body breaks down red blood cells faster than it can make them. This condition is called hemolytic anemia.; Little or no urobilinogen in urine may be a sign of: Something blocking bile from flowing into your intestines.; Other problems with your liver, gallbladder, or bile ducts.; Other names: urine test; urine analysis; UA, chemical urinalysis",
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