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</div><div><span>Endometrial biopsy</span></div></div>
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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Endometrial biopsy</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Endometrial <a test="test" href="./003416.htm">biopsy</a> is the removal of a small piece of tissue from the lining of the uterus (endometrium) for examination.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How the Test is Performed</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>This procedure may be done with or without anesthesia. This is medicine that allows you to sleep during the procedure.</p><ul><li>You lie on your back with your feet in stirrups, similar to having a pelvic exam.</li><li>Your health care provider gently inserts an instrument (speculum) into the vagina to hold it open so that your <a test="test" href="./002317.htm">cervix</a> can be viewed. The cervix is cleaned with a special liquid. Numbing medicine may be applied to the cervix.</li><li>The cervix may then be gently grasped with an instrument to hold the uterus steady. Another instrument may be needed to gently stretch the cervical opening if there is tightness.</li><li>An instrument is gently passed through the cervix into the uterus to collect the tissue sample.</li><li>The tissue sample and instruments are removed.</li><li>The tissue is sent to a lab. There, it is examined under a microscope.</li><li>If you had anesthesia for the procedure, you are taken to a recovery area. Nurses will make sure you are comfortable. After you wake up and have no problems from the anesthesia and procedure, you are allowed to go home. </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How to Prepare for the Test</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>Before the test:</p><ul><li>Tell your provider about all the medicines you take. These include blood thinners such as warfarin, clopidogrel, and aspirin.</li><li>You may be asked to have a test to make sure you are not pregnant.</li><li>In the 2 days before the procedure, do not use creams or other medicines in the vagina.</li><li>Do NOT douche. (You should never douche. Douching can cause infection of the vagina or uterus.)</li><li>Ask your provider if you should take pain medicine, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, just before the procedure. </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How the Test will Feel</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>The instruments may feel cold. You may feel some cramping when the cervix is grasped. You may have some mild cramping as the instruments enter the uterus and the sample is collected. The discomfort is mild, though for some women it can be severe. However, the duration of the test and the pain are short.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Why the Test is Performed</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>The test is done to find the cause of:</p><ul><li>Abnormal menstrual periods (heavy, prolonged, or irregular bleeding)</li><li>Bleeding after <a test="test" href="./000894.htm">menopause</a></li><li>Bleeding from taking hormone therapy medicines</li><li>Thickened uterine lining seen on ultrasound</li><li><a test="test" href="./000910.htm">Endometrial cancer</a></li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Normal Results</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>The biopsy is normal if the cells in the sample are not abnormal.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>What Abnormal Results Mean</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>Abnormal menstrual periods may be caused by:</p><ul><li><a test="test" href="./000914.htm">Uterine fibroids</a></li><li>Fingerlike growths in the uterus (uterine polyps)</li><li>Infection</li><li>Hormone imbalance</li><li>Endometrial cancer or precancer (<a test="test" href="./003441.htm">hyperplasia</a>)</li></ul><p>Other conditions under which the test may be performed:</p><ul><li>Abnormal bleeding if a woman is taking the breast cancer medicine tamoxifen</li><li>Abnormal bleeding due to changes in hormone levels (<a test="test" href="./000903.htm">anovulatory bleeding</a>)</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Risks</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-7" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-7"><p>Risks for endometrial biopsy include:</p><ul><li>Infection</li><li>Causing a hole in (perforating) the uterus or tearing the cervix (rarely occurs)</li><li>Prolonged bleeding</li><li>Slight spotting and mild cramping for a few days</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Biopsy - endometrium</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/1112t.jpg" alt="Female reproductive anatomy" title="Female reproductive anatomy" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/1112.htm">Female reproductive anatomy</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/17059t.jpg" alt="Endometrial biopsy" title="Endometrial biopsy" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/17059.htm">Endometrial biopsy</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/19263t.jpg" alt="Uterus" title="Uterus" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/19263.htm">Uterus</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/9638t.jpg" alt="Endometrial biopsy" title="Endometrial biopsy" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/9638.htm">Endometrial biopsy</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Beard JM, Osborn J. Common office procedures. In: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, eds. <em>Textbook of Family Medicine</em>. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016:chap 28.</p><p>Soliman PT, Lu KH. Malignant diseases of the uterus: endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial carcinoma, sarcoma: diagnosis and management. In: Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, Lobo RA, eds. <em>Comprehensive Gynecology</em>. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 32.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 8/23/2023</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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