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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Slit-lamp exam</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>The slit-lamp examination looks at structures that are at the front of the eye.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How the Test is Performed</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>The slit-lamp is a low-power microscope combined with a high-intensity light source that can be focused as a thin, slit-like beam.</p><p>You will sit in a chair with the instrument placed in front of you. You will be asked to rest your chin and forehead on a support to keep your head steady.</p><p>The health care provider will examine your eyes, especially the eyelids, cornea, conjunctiva, sclera, and iris. Often a yellow dye (fluorescein) is used to help examine the cornea and tear layer. The dye is added either by touching a small strip of paper to your eye or by adding it as an eyedrop. The dye rinses out of the eye with tears as you blink.</p><p>Next, drops may be placed in your eyes to widen (dilate) your pupils. The drops take about 15 to 20 minutes to work. The slit-lamp examination is then repeated using another small lens held close to the eye, so the back of the eye can be examined.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How to Prepare for the Test</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>No special preparation is needed for this test.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How the Test will Feel</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>Your eyes will be sensitive to light for a few hours after the exam if dilating drops are used.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Why the Test is Performed</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>This test is used to examine the: </p><ul><li><a test="test" href="./002326.htm">Conjunctiva</a> (the thin membrane that covers the inner surface of the eyelid and the white part of the eyeball)</li><li>Cornea (the clear outer lens on the front of the eye)</li><li>Eyelids</li><li><a test="test" href="./002386.htm">Iris</a> (colored part of the eye between the cornea and lens)</li><li>Lens</li><li><a test="test" href="./002295.htm">Sclera</a> (the white outer coating of the eye)</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Normal Results</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>Structures in the eye are found to be normal.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>What Abnormal Results Mean</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>The slit lamp exam may detect many diseases of the eye, including:</p><ul><li>Clouding of the lens of the eye (<a test="test" href="./001001.htm">cataract</a>)</li><li><a test="test" href="./001017.htm">Injury to the cornea</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./000426.htm">Dry eye syndrome</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./001000.htm">Macular degeneration</a></li><li>Separation of the retina from its supporting layers (<a test="test" href="./001027.htm">retinal detachment</a>)</li><li>Blockage in a small artery or vein that carries blood to or from the retina (<a test="test" href="./001028.htm">retinal vessel occlusion</a>)</li><li>Inherited degeneration of the retina (<a test="test" href="./001029.htm">retinitis pigmentosa</a>)</li><li>Swelling and irritation of the uvea (<a test="test" href="./001005.htm">uveitis</a>), the middle layer of the eye </li></ul><p>This list does not include all possible diseases of the eye.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Risks</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-7" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-7"><p>If you receive drops to dilate your eyes for the ophthalmoscopy, your vision will be blurred.</p><ul><li>Wear sunglasses to protect your eyes from sunlight, which can damage your eyes.</li><li>Have someone drive you home.</li><li>The drops usually wear off in several hours. </li></ul><p>In rare cases, the dilating eyedrops cause:</p><ul><li>An attack of narrow-angle glaucoma</li><li>Dizziness</li><li>Dryness of the mouth</li><li>Flushing</li><li>Nausea and vomiting </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Biomicroscopy</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/1094t.jpg" alt="Eye" title="Eye" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/1094.htm">Eye</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/1140t.jpg" alt="Slit-lamp exam" title="Slit-lamp exam" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/1140.htm">Slit-lamp exam</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/8785t.jpg" alt="Eye lens anatomy" title="Eye lens anatomy" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/8785.htm">Eye lens anatomy</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Atebara NH, Miller D, Thall EH, Brodie SE. Ophthalmic instruments. In: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. <em>Ophthalmology</em>. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2023:chap 2.5.</p><p>Chuck RS, Dunn SP, Flaxel CJ; American Academy of Ophthalmology Preferred Practice Pattern Committee, et al. Comprehensive adult medical eye evaluation preferred practice pattern. <em>Ophthalmology</em>. 2021;128(1):1-29. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.10.024" target="_blank">doi.org/10.1016/j.ophtha.2020.10.024</a>. Published November 12, 2020.</p><p>Prokopich CL, Hrynchak P, Flanagan JG, Hynes AF, Chisholm C. Ocular health assessment. In: Elliott DB, ed. <em>Clinical Procedures in Primary Eye Care</em>. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 7.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 2/12/2023</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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