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<link rel="alternative" hreflang="en" href="https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003232.htm"/><meta property="og:title" content="Purpura: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003232.htm"/><meta property="twitter:title" content="Purpura: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia"/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta name="description" content="Purpura is purple-colored spots and patches that occur on the skin, and in mucus membranes, including the lining of the mouth."/><meta itemprop="description" name="description" content="Purpura is purple-colored spots and patches that occur on the skin, and in mucus membranes, including the lining of the mouth."/><meta property="og:description" content="Purpura is purple-colored spots and patches that occur on the skin, and in mucus membranes, including the lining of the mouth."/><meta property="twitter:description" content="Purpura is purple-colored spots and patches that occur on the skin, and in mucus membranes, including the lining of the mouth."/><meta property="og:image" content="https://medlineplus.gov/images/share_ency_1.jpg"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://medlineplus.gov/images/share_ency_2.jpg"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://medlineplus.gov/images/share_ency_3.jpg"/><meta property="twitter:image" content="https://medlineplus.gov/images/share_ency_1.jpg"/>
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</div><div><span>Purpura</span></div></div>
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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Purpura</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Purpura is purple-colored spots and patches that occur on the skin, and in mucus membranes, including the lining of the mouth.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Considerations</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>Purpura occurs when small blood vessels leak blood under the skin.</p><p>Purpura measure between 4 and 10 mm (millimeters) in diameter. When purpura spots are less than 4 mm in diameter, they are called <a test="test" href="./003235.htm">petechiae</a>. Purpura spots larger than 1 cm (centimeter) are called ecchymoses.</p><p>Platelets help the blood clot. A person with purpura may have a normal platelet count (non-thrombocytopenic purpuras) or a low platelet counts (<a test="test" href="./000586.htm">thrombocytopenic</a> purpuras).</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Causes</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>Non-thrombocytopenic purpuras may be due to:</p><ul><li><a test="test" href="./000533.htm">Amyloidosis</a> (disorder in which abnormal proteins build up in tissues and organs)</li><li>Blood clotting disorders</li><li><a test="test" href="./001343.htm">Congenital cytomegalovirus</a> (condition in which an infant is infected with a virus called cytomegalovirus before birth)</li><li>Congenital <a test="test" href="./001574.htm">rubella</a> syndrome</li><li>Drugs that affect platelet function or clotting factors</li><li>Fragile blood vessels seen in older people (senile purpura)</li><li><a test="test" href="./001459.htm">Hemangioma</a> (abnormal buildup of blood vessels in the skin or internal organs)</li><li>Inflammation of the blood vessels (vasculitis), such as <a test="test" href="./000425.htm">Henoch-Schönlein purpura</a>, which causes a raised type of purpura</li><li>Pressure changes that occur during vaginal childbirth</li><li><a test="test" href="./000355.htm">Scurvy</a> (vitamin C deficiency)</li><li>Steroid use</li><li>Certain infections</li><li>Injury </li></ul><p>Thrombocytopenic purpura may be due to:</p><ul><li>Drugs that reduce the platelet count</li><li><a test="test" href="./000535.htm">Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura</a> (ITP) -- a bleeding disorder</li><li>Immune neonatal thrombocytopenia (can occur in infants whose mothers have ITP)</li><li><a test="test" href="./001349.htm">Meningococcemia</a> (bloodstream infection) </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>When to Contact a Medical Professional</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>Call your health care provider for an appointment if you have signs of purpura.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>What to Expect at Your Office Visit</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>The provider will examine your skin and ask about your medical history and symptoms, including:</p><ul><li>Is this the first time you have had such spots?</li><li>When did they develop?</li><li>What color are they?</li><li>Do they look like bruises?</li><li>What medicines do you take?</li><li>What other medical problems have you had?</li><li>Does anyone in your family have similar spots?</li><li>What other symptoms do you have?</li></ul><p>A <a test="test" href="./003840.htm">skin biopsy</a> may be done. Blood and urine tests may be ordered to determine the cause of the purpura.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Blood spots; Skin hemorrhages</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div name="Images" class="section-body" id="section-tnails"><ul class="img-grid group">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/1558t.jpg" alt="Henoch-Schonlein purpura on the lower legs" title="Henoch-Schonlein purpura on the lower legs" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/1558.htm">Henoch-Schonlein purpura on the lower legs</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2578t.jpg" alt="Henoch-Schonlein purpura on an infant's foot" title="Henoch-Schonlein purpura on an infant's foot" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2578.htm">Henoch-Schonlein purpura on an infant's foot</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2579t.jpg" alt="Henoch-Schonlein purpura on an infant's legs" title="Henoch-Schonlein purpura on an infant's legs" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2579.htm">Henoch-Schonlein purpura on an infant's legs</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2580t.jpg" alt="Henoch-Schonlein purpura on an infant's legs" title="Henoch-Schonlein purpura on an infant's legs" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2580.htm">Henoch-Schonlein purpura on an infant's legs</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2581t.jpg" alt="Henoch-Schonlein purpura on the legs" title="Henoch-Schonlein purpura on the legs" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2581.htm">Henoch-Schonlein purpura on the legs</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2883t.jpg" alt="Meningococcemia on the calves" title="Meningococcemia on the calves" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2883.htm">Meningococcemia on the calves</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2884t.jpg" alt="Meningococcemia on the leg" title="Meningococcemia on the leg" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2884.htm">Meningococcemia on the leg</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2888t.jpg" alt="Rocky mountain spotted fever on the foot" title="Rocky mountain spotted fever on the foot" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2888.htm">Rocky mountain spotted fever on the foot</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2912t.jpg" alt="Meningococcemia associated purpura" title="Meningococcemia associated purpura" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2912.htm">Meningococcemia associated purpura</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Dinulos JGH. Principles of diagnosis and anatomy. In: Dinulos JGH, ed. <em>Habif's Clinical Dermatology</em>. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 1.</p><p>Kitchens CS. Purpura and other hematovascular disorders. In: Kitchens CS, Kessler CM, Konkle BA, Streiff MB, Garcia DA, eds. <em>Consultative Hemostasis and Thrombosis</em>. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019:chap 10.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 6/7/2023</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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