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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Trichorrhexis nodosa</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Trichorrhexis nodosa is a common hair problem in which thickened or weak points (nodes) along the hair shaft cause your hair to break off easily.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Causes</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>Trichorrhexis nodosa can be an inherited condition.</p><p>The condition may be triggered by things such as blow-drying, ironing the hair, over-brushing, perming, or excessive chemical use.</p><p>In some cases, trichorrhexis nodosa is caused by an underlying disorder, including very rare ones, such as:</p><ul><li>Thyroid gland not making enough thyroid hormone (<a test="test" href="./000353.htm">hypothyroidism</a>)</li><li>Buildup of ammonia in the body (argininosuccinic aciduria)</li><li>Iron deficiency</li><li>Menkes syndrome (<a test="test" href="./001160.htm">Menkes kinky hair syndrome</a>)</li><li><a test="test" href="./001469.htm">Ectodermal dysplasia</a> (a group of conditions in which there is abnormal development of the skin, hair, nails, teeth, or sweat glands</li><li>Trichothiodystrophy (inherited disorder that causes brittle hair, skin problems, and intellectual disability)</li><li>Biotin deficiency (inherited disorder in which the body is not able to use biotin, a substance needed for hair growth)</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Symptoms</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>Your hair may break easily or it may appear like it is not growing.</p><p>In African Americans, looking at the scalp area using a microscope shows that the hair breaks off at the scalp area before it grows long.</p><p>In other people, the problem often appears at the end of a hair shaft in the form of split ends, thinning hair, and hair tips that look white.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Exams and Tests</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>Your health care provider will examine your hair and scalp. Some of your hairs will be checked under a microscope or with a special magnifier usually used by skin specialists.</p><p>Blood tests may be ordered to check for anemia, thyroid disease, and other conditions.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Treatment</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>If you have a disorder that is causing trichorrhexis nodosa, it will be treated if possible.</p><p>Your provider may recommend measures to reduce damage to your hair such as:</p><ul><li>Gentle brushing with a soft brush instead of aggressive brushing or ratting</li><li>Avoiding harsh chemicals such as those used in straightening compounds and perms</li><li>Not using a very hot hair dryer for long periods and not ironing the hair</li><li>Using a gentle shampoo and a hair conditioner </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Outlook (Prognosis)</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>Improving grooming techniques and avoiding products that damage hair will help correct the problem.</p><p>This condition is not dangerous, but may affect a person's self-esteem.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>When to Contact a Medical Professional</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>Call your provider if symptoms do not improve with changes in grooming and other home-care measures.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Hair shaft fracture; Brittle hair; Fragile hair; Hair breakage</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/9703t.jpg" alt="Hair follicle anatomy" title="Hair follicle anatomy" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/9703.htm">Hair follicle anatomy</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>James WD, Elston DM, Treat JR, Rosenbach MA, Neuhaus IM. Diseases of the skin appendages. In: James WD, Elston DM, Treat JR, Rosenbach MA, Neuhaus IM, eds. <em>Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology</em>. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 33.</p><p>Restrepo R, Calonje E. Diseases of the hair. In: Calonje E, Brenn T, Lazar AJ, Billings SD, eds. <em>McKee's Pathology of the Skin</em>. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 22.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 5/31/2023</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<div id="section-version" class="section-body"><p>Updated by: Ramin Fathi, MD, FAAD, Director, Phoenix Surgical Dermatology Group, Phoenix, AZ. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.</p>
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