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<link rel="alternative" hreflang="en" href="https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001301.htm"/><meta property="og:title" content="Lymphadenitis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001301.htm"/><meta property="twitter:title" content="Lymphadenitis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia"/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><meta name="description" content="Lymphadenitis is an infection of the lymph nodes (also called lymph glands). It is a complication of certain bacterial infections."/><meta itemprop="description" name="description" content="Lymphadenitis is an infection of the lymph nodes (also called lymph glands). It is a complication of certain bacterial infections."/><meta property="og:description" content="Lymphadenitis is an infection of the lymph nodes (also called lymph glands). It is a complication of certain bacterial infections."/><meta property="twitter:description" content="Lymphadenitis is an infection of the lymph nodes (also called lymph glands). It is a complication of certain bacterial infections."/><meta property="og:image" content="https://medlineplus.gov/images/share_ency_1.jpg"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://medlineplus.gov/images/share_ency_2.jpg"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://medlineplus.gov/images/share_ency_3.jpg"/><meta property="twitter:image" content="https://medlineplus.gov/images/share_ency_1.jpg"/>
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</div><div><span>Lymphadenitis</span></div></div>
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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Lymphadenitis</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Lymphadenitis is an infection of the <a test="test" href="./003097.htm">lymph nodes</a> (also called lymph glands). It is a complication of certain bacterial infections.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Causes</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>The <a test="test" href="./002247.htm">lymph system</a> (lymphatics) is a network of lymph nodes, lymph ducts, lymph vessels, and organs that produce and move a fluid called lymph from tissues to the bloodstream. </p><p>The lymph glands, or lymph nodes, are small structures that filter the lymph fluid. There are many white blood cells in the lymph nodes to help fight infection.</p><p>Lymphadenitis occurs when the glands become enlarged by swelling (inflammation), often in response to bacteria, viruses, or fungi. The swollen glands are usually found near the site of an infection, tumor, or inflammation.</p><p>Lymphadenitis may occur after skin infections or other infections caused by bacteria such as streptococcus or staphylococcus. Sometimes, it is caused by rare infections such as tuberculosis or <a test="test" href="./001614.htm">cat scratch disease</a> (bartonella).</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Symptoms</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>Symptoms may include:</p><ul><li>Red, tender skin over lymph node</li><li>Swollen, tender, or hard lymph nodes</li><li>Fever</li></ul><p>Lymph nodes may feel rubbery if an <a test="test" href="./001353.htm">abscess</a> (pocket of pus) has formed or they have become inflamed.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Exams and Tests</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>Your health care provider will perform a physical exam. This includes feeling your lymph nodes and looking for signs of injury or infection around any swollen lymph nodes.</p><p>A <a test="test" href="./003416.htm">biopsy</a> and culture of the affected area or node may reveal the cause of the inflammation. <a test="test" href="./003744.htm">Blood cultures</a> may reveal spread of infection (often bacteria) to the bloodstream.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Treatment</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>Lymphadenitis may spread within hours. Treatment should begin right away.</p><p>Treatment may include:</p><ul><li>Antibiotics to treat any bacterial infection</li><li><a test="test" href="./002123.htm">Analgesics</a> (painkillers) to control pain</li><li>Anti-inflammatory medicines to reduce inflammation</li><li>Cool compresses to reduce inflammation and pain</li></ul><p>Surgery may be needed to drain an abscess.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Outlook (Prognosis)</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>Prompt treatment with antibiotics usually leads to a complete recovery. It may take weeks, or even months, for swelling to disappear.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Possible Complications</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>Untreated lymphadenitis may lead to:</p><ul><li>Abscess formation</li><li><a test="test" href="./000855.htm">Cellulitis</a> (a skin infection)</li><li><a test="test" href="./002365.htm">Fistulas</a> (seen in lymphadenitis that is due to tuberculosis)</li><li><a test="test" href="./000666.htm">Sepsis</a> (bloodstream infection), which can lead to death</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>When to Contact a Medical Professional</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-7" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-7"><p>Contact your provider or go to the emergency room if you have symptoms of lymphadenitis.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Prevention</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-8" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-8"><p>Good general health and hygiene are helpful in the prevention of any infection.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Lymph node infection; Lymph gland infection; Localized lymphadenopathy</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/1104t.jpg" alt="Lymphatic system" title="Lymphatic system" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/1104.htm">Lymphatic system</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/9833t.jpg" alt="Swollen lymph node" title="Swollen lymph node" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/9833.htm">Swollen lymph node</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/8932t.jpg" alt="Immune system structures" title="Immune system structures" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/8932.htm">Immune system structures</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/9095t.jpg" alt="Bacteria" title="Bacteria" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/9095.htm">Bacteria</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Pasternack MS. Lymphadenitis and lymphangitis. In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. <em>Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases</em>. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 95.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 5/19/2023</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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