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</div><div><span>Glossitis</span></div></div>
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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Glossitis</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Glossitis is a problem in which the tongue is swollen and inflamed. This often makes the surface of the tongue appear smooth. <a test="test" href="./001049.htm">Geographic tongue</a> is a type of glossitis.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Causes</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>Glossitis is often a symptom of other conditions, such as:</p><ul><li>Allergic reactions to oral care products, foods, or medicines</li><li>Dry mouth due to <a test="test" href="./000456.htm">Sjögren syndrome</a></li><li>Infection from bacteria, yeast or viruses (including oral herpes)</li><li>Injury (such as from burns, rough teeth, or bad-fitting dentures)</li><li>Skin conditions that affect the mouth</li><li>Irritants such as tobacco, alcohol, hot foods, spices, or other irritants</li><li>Hormonal factors</li><li>Certain vitamin deficiencies </li></ul><p>At times, glossitis may be passed down in families.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Symptoms</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>Symptoms of glossitis may come on quickly or develop over time. They include: </p><ul><li>Problems chewing, swallowing, or speaking</li><li>Smooth surface of the tongue</li><li>Sore, tender, or swollen tongue</li><li>Pale or bright red color to the tongue</li></ul><p>Rare symptoms or problems include:</p><ul><li>Blocked airway</li><li>Problems speaking, chewing, or swallowing </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Exams and Tests</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>Your dentist or health care provider will do an exam to look for:</p><ul><li>Finger-like bumps on the surface of the tongue (called papillae) that may be missing</li><li>Swollen tongue (or patches of swelling) </li></ul><p>The provider may ask questions about your health history and lifestyle to help discover the cause of tongue inflammation.</p><p>You may need blood tests to rule out other medical problems.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Treatment</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>The goal of treatment is to reduce swelling and soreness. Most people do not need to go to the hospital unless the tongue is very swollen. Treatment may include:</p><ul><li>Good oral care. Brush your teeth thoroughly at least twice a day and floss at least once a day.</li><li>Antibiotics or other medicines to treat infection.</li><li>Diet changes and supplements to treat nutrition problems.</li><li>Avoiding irritants (such as hot or spicy foods, alcohol, and tobacco) to ease discomfort. </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Outlook (Prognosis)</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>Glossitis goes away if the cause of problem is removed or treated.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>When to Contact a Medical Professional</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>Contact your provider if:</p><ul><li>
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Symptoms of glossitis last longer than 10 days.
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</li><li>
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Tongue swelling is very bad.
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</li><li>
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Breathing, speaking, chewing, or swallowing causes problems.
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</li></ul><p>Get emergency care right away if tongue swelling blocks the airway.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Prevention</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-7" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-7"><p>Good oral care (thorough tooth brushing and flossing and regular dental checkups) may help prevent glossitis.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Tongue inflammation; Tongue infection; Smooth tongue; Glossodynia; Burning tongue syndrome</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/8686t.jpg" alt="Tongue" title="Tongue" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/8686.htm">Tongue</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Daniels TE, Jordan RC. Diseases of the mouth and salivary glands. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. <em>Goldman-Cecil Medicine.</em> 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 397.</p><p>Pham KL, Mirowski GW. Oral diseases and oral manifestations of gastrointestinal and liver disease. In: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. <em>Sleisenger and Fordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease.</em> 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 24.
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</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 3/1/2023</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<div id="section-version" class="section-body"><p>Updated by: Josef Shargorodsky, MD, MPH, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team. </p>
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