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</div><div><span>Scabies</span></div></div>
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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Scabies</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Scabies is an easily-spread skin disease caused by a very small mite.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Causes</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>Scabies is found among people of all groups and ages around the world. </p><ul><li>Scabies spread by skin-to-skin contact with another person who has scabies.</li><li>Scabies is easily spread among people who are in close contact. Whole families are often affected.</li></ul><p>Outbreaks of scabies are more common in nursing homes, nursing facilities, college dorms, and child care centers.</p><p>The mites that cause scabies burrow into the skin and lay their eggs. This forms a burrow that looks like a pencil mark. Eggs hatch in 21 days. The itchy rash is an <a test="test" href="./000812.htm">allergic response</a> to the mite.</p><p>Pets and animals usually do not spread human scabies. It is also very unlikely for scabies to be spread through swimming pools. It is difficult to spread scabies through clothing or bed linen.</p><p>A type of scabies called crusted (Norwegian) scabies is a severe infestation with very large numbers of mites. People whose immune systems are weakened are most affected.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Symptoms</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>Symptoms of scabies include:</p><ul><li>Severe <a test="test" href="./003217.htm">itching</a>, most often at night.</li><li><a test="test" href="./003220.htm">Rashes</a>, often between the fingers and toes, undersides of the wrists, armpits, women's breasts, and buttocks.</li><li>Sores on the skin from scratching and digging.</li><li>Thin lines (burrow marks) on the skin.</li><li>Babies will likely have a rash all over the body, especially on the head, face, and neck, with sores on the palms and soles.</li></ul><p>Scabies doesn't affect the face except in babies and in people with crusted scabies.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Exams and Tests</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>Your health care provider will examine the skin for signs of scabies.</p><p>Tests that may done include:</p><ul><li>Scraping the skin burrows to remove mites, eggs, or mite feces to examine under the microscope.</li><li>In some cases, a <a test="test" href="./003840.htm">skin biopsy</a> is done.</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Treatment</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>HOME CARE</p><ul><li>Before treatment, wash clothes and underwear, towels, bedding and sleepwear in hot water and dry at 140°F (60°C) or higher. Dry cleaning also works. If washing or dry cleaning can't be done, keep these items away from the body for at least 72 hours. Away from the body, the mites will die.</li><li>Vacuum carpets and upholstered furniture.</li><li>Use calamine lotion or soak in a cool bath to ease itching.</li><li>Take an oral antihistamine if your provider recommends it for very bad itching.</li></ul><p>MEDICINES FROM YOUR HEALTH CARE PROVIDER</p><p>The whole family and sexual partners of infected people should be treated, even if they do not have symptoms.</p><p>Creams or lotions prescribed by your provider are needed to treat scabies.</p><ul><li>The medicine most often used is permethrin 5%.</li><li>Other medicines include benzyl benzoate, sulfur in petrolatum, and crotamiton.</li></ul><p>Apply the medicine all over your body. The treatment is typically repeated in 1 week.</p><p>For hard to treat cases, your provider may also prescribe a pill known as ivermectin.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Outlook (Prognosis)</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>Itching may continue for 2 weeks or more after treatment ends. It will most likely disappear if you follow the provider's treatment plan.</p><p>Most cases of scabies can be cured without any long-term problems. A severe case with a lot of scaling or crusting may be a sign that the person has a weakened immune system.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Possible Complications</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>Intense scratching can cause a secondary skin infection, such as <a test="test" href="./000860.htm">impetigo</a>.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>When to Contact a Medical Professional</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-7" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-7"><p>Contact your provider if:</p><ul><li>You have symptoms of scabies.</li><li>A person you have been in close contact with has been diagnosed with scabies.</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Human scabies; Sarcoptes scabiei
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</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/1298t.jpg" alt="Scabies rash and excoriation on the hand" title="Scabies rash and excoriation on the hand" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/1298.htm">Scabies rash and excoriation on the hand</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/1364t.jpg" alt="Scabies mite - photomicrograph" title="Scabies mite - photomicrograph" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/1364.htm">Scabies mite - photomicrograph</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/1365t.jpg" alt="Scabies mite - photomicrograph of the stool" title="Scabies mite - photomicrograph of the stool" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/1365.htm">Scabies mite - photomicrograph of the stool</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2058t.jpg" alt="Scabies mite - photomicrograph" title="Scabies mite - photomicrograph" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2058.htm">Scabies mite - photomicrograph</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2470t.jpg" alt="Scabies mite - photomicrograph" title="Scabies mite - photomicrograph" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2470.htm">Scabies mite - photomicrograph</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2471t.jpg" alt="Scabies mite, eggs, and stool photomicrograph" title="Scabies mite, eggs, and stool photomicrograph" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2471.htm">Scabies mite, eggs, and stool photomicrograph</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Diaz JH. Scabies. In: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. <em>Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. </em>9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 293.</p><p>James WD, Elston DM, Treat JR, Rosenbach MA, Neuhaus IM. Parasitic infestations, stings, and bites. In: James WD, Elston DM, Treat JR, Rosenbach MA, Neuhaus IM, eds. <em>Andrews' Diseases of the Skin. </em>13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 20.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 10/11/2023</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<div id="section-version" class="section-body"><p>Updated by: Elika Hoss, MD, Assistant Professor of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.</p>
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