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</div><div><span>Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome</span></div></div>
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome is an eye problem that is similar to conjunctivitis ("pink eye"). It most often affects only one eye. It occurs with <a test="test" href="./003097.htm">swollen lymph nodes</a> and an illness with a fever.</p><p><strong>Note</strong>: Parinaud syndrome (also called upgaze paresis) is a different disorder in which you have trouble looking upward. The latter can be caused by a brain tumor, and requires an immediate evaluation by your health care provider.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Causes</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome (POS) is caused by an infection with bacteria, a virus, fungus, or parasite.</p><p>The most common causes are cat scratch disease and <a test="test" href="./000856.htm">tularemia</a> (rabbit fever). The bacteria that cause either condition can infect the eye. The bacteria can directly enter the eye (on a finger or other object), or air droplets that carry the bacteria can land on the eye.</p><p>Other infectious diseases may spread the same way, or through the bloodstream to the eye.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Symptoms</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>Symptoms include:</p><ul><li>Red, irritated, and painful eye (looks like "pink eye")</li><li>Fever</li><li>General ill feeling</li><li>Increased tearing (possible)</li><li>Swelling of nearby lymph glands (often in front of the ear) </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Exams and Tests</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>An exam shows:</p><ul><li>Fever and other signs of illness</li><li>Red, tender, inflamed eye</li><li>Tender lymph nodes may be present in front of the ear</li><li>There may be growths (conjunctival nodules) on the inside of the eyelid or the white of the eye </li></ul><p>Blood tests will be done to check for infection. The <a test="test" href="./003643.htm">white blood cell</a> count may be high or low, depending on the cause of the infection.</p><p>A blood test to check antibody levels is the main method used to diagnose many of the infections that cause POS. Other tests may include:</p><ul><li><a test="test" href="./003933.htm">Biopsy of the lymph node</a></li><li>Laboratory culture of eye fluids, lymph node tissue, or blood </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Treatment</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>Depending on the cause of the infection, antibiotics may be helpful. Surgery may be needed in rare cases to clean away the infected tissues.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Outlook (Prognosis)</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>The outlook depends on the cause of the infection. In general, if the diagnosis is made early and treatment starts right away, the outcome of POS can be very good.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Possible Complications</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>Serious complications are rare.</p><p>The conjunctival nodules can sometimes form sores (ulcers) during the healing process. The infection can spread to nearby tissues or into the bloodstream.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>When to Contact a Medical Professional</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-7" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-7"><p>You should contact your provider if you develop a red, irritated, painful eye.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Prevention</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-8" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-8"><p>Frequent hand washing can reduce the likelihood of getting POS. Avoid being scratched by a cat, even a healthy cat. You can avoid tularemia by not having contact with wild rabbits, squirrels, or ticks.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Cat scratch disease; Oculoglandular syndrome</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/9833t.jpg" alt="Swollen lymph node" title="Swollen lymph node" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/9833.htm">Swollen lymph node</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Gruzensky WD. Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome. In: Mannis MJ, Holland EJ, eds. <em>Cornea</em>. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 41.</p><p>Pecora N, Milner DA. New technologies for the diagnosis of infection, In: Kradin RL, ed. <em>Diagnostic Pathology of Infectious Disease</em>. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018:chap 6.</p><p>Rubenstein JB, Spektor T. Conjunctivitis: infectious and noninfectious. In: Yanoff M, Duker JS, eds. <em>Ophthalmology</em>. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019:chap 4.6.</p><p>Salmon JF. Conjunctiva. In: Salmon JF, ed. <em>Kanski's Clinical Ophthalmology</em>. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 6.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 8/22/2022</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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