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<h1>Living With HIV</h1>
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<div class="views-field views-field-title"><h2 class="field-content">HIV and COVID-19</h2></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-fact-sheet-qa"><div class="field-content"><div class="item-list"><ul class="list-group"><li class="list-group-item">
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><ul><li>COVID-19 is caused by a virus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and can be spread from person to person. Anyone can get infected with SARS-CoV-2, but people with HIV who also have an underlying condition or a <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/comorbidity">comorbidity</a> are more likely to get severely sick if they become infected with SARS-CoV-2.</li><li>Testing is the only way to know that someone has been infected with SARS-CoV-2. People with HIV should immediately contact their health care provider if they test positive for COVID-19. People with HIV should also continue taking their HIV medicines as prescribed.</li><li>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that people with HIV who are eligible should get a COVID-19 vaccine regardless of <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/viral-load-vl">viral load</a> or <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/cd4-t-lymphocyte">CD4 T lymphocyte</a> cell count. Vaccination schedules depend on age and vaccine manufacturer.</li><li>COVID-19 vaccines are safe for people with HIV. According to CDC, there is no evidence that COVID-19 vaccines interfere with medicines to treat or prevent HIV. However, people with advanced HIV (including an AIDS diagnosis) or who have HIV and are not on HIV treatment should follow CDC’s <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/covid/vaccines/immunocompromised-people.html">vaccination recommendations for people who are immunocompromised</a>.</li><li>People with HIV should follow the general CDC protocol on <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/covid/prevention/index.html">how to protect yourself and others</a> from infection with COVID-19. Getting fully vaccinated against COVID-19 can also protect people with HIV.</li><li>People who have both HIV and COVID-19 should be treated for both; however, the type and duration of treatment for COVID-19 depend on a person’s individual circumstances. Health care providers prescribe HIV and COVID-19 medicines carefully to avoid <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/drug-drug-interaction">drug-drug interactions</a> and closely monitor those taking the medicines for any side effects.</li></ul></div>
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</li><li class="list-group-item">
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<article class="node node--type-fact-sheet-qa node--view-mode-print clearfix">
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<header>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="node__title">
|
||
<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">What do you need to know about COVID-19 if you have HIV?</span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
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</header>
|
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<div class="node__content clearfix">
|
||
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||
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||
|
||
<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>COVID-19 is caused by a virus known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and can be spread from person to person. Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 primarily occurs when a person inhales respiratory droplets or particles that contain the virus or when a person touches their mucous membranes with hands that have been contaminated with the virus.</p><p>Anyone can get infected with SARS-CoV-2 and become severely sick or die from COVID-19. However, people with underlying medical conditions or those who are <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/immunocompromised#:~:text=A%20person%20may%20be%20immunocompromised,treatment%20with%20drugs%20or%20radiation.">immunocompromised</a> or have a weakened <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/immune-system">immune system</a> are more likely to get very sick, be hospitalized, need intensive care, require a ventilator to breathe, or die from COVID-19. People with HIV have higher rates of certain underlying medical conditions. The <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/human-immunodeficiency-virus-hiv">human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)</a> weakens the immune system and can cause a person to be immunocompromised. </p><p>People with HIV, especially those with advanced HIV or untreated HIV, may have an underlying condition or a <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/comorbidity">comorbidity</a> that can make them severely sick if they become infected with SARS-CoV-2.</p></div>
|
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</div>
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</article>
|
||
</li><li class="list-group-item">
|
||
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<article class="node node--type-fact-sheet-qa node--view-mode-print clearfix">
|
||
<header>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="node__title">
|
||
<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">What should you do if you think that you may have COVID-19?</span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
</header>
|
||
<div class="node__content clearfix">
|
||
|
||
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||
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||
<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>You should follow CDC recommendations regarding <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/covid/signs-symptoms/">symptoms of COVID-19</a> and get tested immediately if you think you may be infected with SARS-CoV-2. A person can be infected with SARS-CoV-2 but show only a few symptoms or no symptoms at all (also known as asymptomatic infection). Testing is the only way to know that someone has been infected with SARS-CoV-2. Testing also ensures that people are not spreading the virus to others.</p><p>Most health care providers offer COVID-19 testing. Contact your health care provider if you are experiencing COVID-19–related symptoms or have come in contact with an infected person. People can also get tested for COVID-19 at their local pharmacies by making scheduled appointments or drive-throughs or by purchasing at-home rapid tests over the counter at local pharmacies. Residential households in the United States can now order free at-home testing kits from the <a href="https://special.usps.com/testkits">U.S. Postal Service</a>. Visit the <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/covid/testing/index.html">CDC</a> website for more information about self-testing and free at-home COVID-19 tests, and visit your state or local health department’s website for information on additional testing sites.</p><p><strong>Important:</strong> If you have HIV you should immediately contact their health care provider if you test positive for COVID-19, and you should also continue taking your HIV medicines (also known as <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/antiretroviral-arv">antiretroviral</a> drugs) as prescribed.</p></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</article>
|
||
</li><li class="list-group-item">
|
||
|
||
<article class="node node--type-fact-sheet-qa node--view-mode-print clearfix">
|
||
<header>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="node__title">
|
||
<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Should you get COVID-19 vaccines if you have HIV? </span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
</header>
|
||
<div class="node__content clearfix">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>There are several COVID-19 vaccines that are <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/food-and-drug-administration-fda">Food and Drug Administration (FDA)</a>-approved or authorized for emergency use in the United States. CDC recommends that people with HIV who are eligible should get COVID-19 vaccines regardless of <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/viral-load-vl">viral load</a> or <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/cd4-t-lymphocyte">CD4 T lymphocyte</a> cell count. Vaccination schedules depend on age and vaccine manufacturer. See the CDC’s <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/downloads/COVID-19-immunization-schedule-ages-6months-older.pdf">Interim COVID-19 Immunization Schedule</a> (PDF), or the (easier to understand) infographics <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/downloads/COVID19-vaccination-recommendations-most-people.pdf">COVID-19 Vaccination Recommendations Infographic</a> (PDF) for most people, or <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/covid-19/downloads/COVID19-vaccination-recommendations-immunocompromised.pdf">COVID-19 Vaccination Recommendations Infographic (Immunocompromised)</a> (PDF).</p><p>CDC also recommends that people with advanced or untreated HIV get an additional primary dose to boost their <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/immune-response">immune response</a>. An additional primary dose is the dose given after a person receives the initial dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. If you have HIV, you should talk to your health care provider about getting additional doses of updated COVID-19 vaccines.</p><p>People who are vaccinated against COVID-19 can still get infected with SARS-CoV-2 but getting vaccinated decreases the risk of severe illness, hospitalization, and death from COVID-19.</p></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</article>
|
||
</li><li class="list-group-item">
|
||
|
||
<article class="node node--type-fact-sheet-qa node--view-mode-print clearfix">
|
||
<header>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="node__title">
|
||
<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Is the COVID-19 vaccine safe for people with HIV, and does it interfere with medicines to treat or prevent HIV?</span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
</header>
|
||
<div class="node__content clearfix">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>COVID-19 vaccines are safe for people with HIV. People with HIV were included in COVID-19 vaccine <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/clinical-trial">clinical trials</a>. COVID-19 vaccines meet the FDA’s standards of safety, effectiveness, and quality. According to CDC, there is no evidence that COVID-19 vaccines interfere with medicines to treat or prevent HIV. HIV medicines that prevent HIV are called <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/pre-exposure-prophylaxis-prep">pre-exposure prophylaxis</a>.</p></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</article>
|
||
</li><li class="list-group-item">
|
||
|
||
<article class="node node--type-fact-sheet-qa node--view-mode-print clearfix">
|
||
<header>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="node__title">
|
||
<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">What is the treatment for COVID-19?</span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
</header>
|
||
<div class="node__content clearfix">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>There are drugs that are FDA-approved or authorized for the treatment of COVID-19. Some of these approved drugs have <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/drug-drug-interaction">drug-drug interactions</a> with certain HIV medicines. If you take HIV medicines, you should talk to your health care provider about potential drug-drug interactions taking COVID-19 treatment. To learn more about drug-drug interactions, read the <a href="https://HIVinfo.NIH.gov/understanding-hiv/fact-sheets/what-drug-interaction">What is a Drug Interaction </a>HIVinfo fact sheet.</p></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</article>
|
||
</li><li class="list-group-item">
|
||
|
||
<article class="node node--type-fact-sheet-qa node--view-mode-print clearfix">
|
||
<header>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="node__title">
|
||
<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">What can you do to protect yourself from COVID-19 if you have HIV?</span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
</header>
|
||
<div class="node__content clearfix">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>If you have HIV, you should follow the general CDC protocols on <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/covid/prevention/index.html">how to protect yourself and others</a> from COVID-19. Getting fully vaccinated against COVID-19 can protect you and others from COVID-19. People with HIV can also protect themselves from COVID-19 by—</p><ul><li>Maintaining a healthy lifestyle.</li><li>Continuing to take antiretroviral drugs to strengthen the immune system.</li><li>Ensuring that all vaccinations, including vaccination against the flu, are up to date.</li><li>Maintaining adequate supply of antiretroviral drugs (at least 30 days’ supply) and other drugs needed to manage HIV; you can talk to your health care provider about getting your HIV medicine by mail.</li><li>Keeping all medical appointments and observing safety protocols during in-person medical visits; people with HIV should use telemedicine when possible.</li></ul></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</article>
|
||
</li><li class="list-group-item">
|
||
|
||
<article class="node node--type-fact-sheet-qa node--view-mode-print clearfix">
|
||
<header>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="node__title">
|
||
<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">This fact sheet is based on information from the following sources:</span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
</header>
|
||
<div class="node__content clearfix">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>From CDC:</p><ul><li><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/covid/testing/index.html" target="_blank>Testing for COVID-19</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>
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<a href=" https: www.cdc.gov covid prevention>How to Protect Yourself and Others</a></li><li><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/covid/vaccines/immunocompromised-people.html">COVID-19 Vaccines for People Who Are Moderately or Severely Immunocompromised</a></li></ul><p>From National Institutes of Health: </p><ul><li><a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/guidelines/guidance-covid-19-and-people-hiv/guidance-covid-19-and-people-hiv?view=full">Guidance for COVID-19 and People with HIV</a></li><li>Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Treatment Guidelines<ul><li><a href="https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/special-populations/hiv/">Special Considerations in People with HIV</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="https://covid19.nih.gov/covid-19-testing">COVID-19 Testing</a></li></ul><p>Also see the <a href="https://HIVinfo.NIH.gov/hiv-source">HIV Source</a> collection of HIV links and resources.</p></div>
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<div class="views-field views-field-title"><h2 class="field-content">Getting Displaced With HIV</h2></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-fact-sheet-qa"><div class="field-content"><div class="item-list"><ul class="list-group"><li class="list-group-item">
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><ul><li>Anyone can get displaced by a natural disaster like a hurricane, tornado, tsunami, or wildfire, including people with HIV.</li><li>People with HIV should be prepared for a possible displacement because it can impact their ability to access HIV medicines and treatment that are needed to stay healthy and maintain a low risk of HIV <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/transmission" target="_blank">transmission</a>.</li><li>For people with HIV who get displaced by a disaster, it is important to continue taking HIV medicines as prescribed, even if that means finding a new health care provider.</li></ul></div>
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">How do people with HIV get displaced? </span>
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>In the United States, over 1 million people are displaced each year by natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, tornados, tsunamis, and wildfires. From 2008 until 2020, over 9 million people were displaced by floods, storms, and wildfires alone.</p><p>Anyone can get displaced by a natural disaster, including people with HIV. While it is unclear exactly how many people with HIV are displaced on an annual basis, <a href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2569202/" target="_blank">one study</a> estimated that approximately 5% to 8% of people with HIV are affected globally by emergencies like natural disasters each year.</p></div>
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">How does being displaced affect people with HIV?</span>
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>For people with HIV, displacement caused by disasters can disrupt access to HIV care, medications, and support services, increasing the risk of potential health complications. These disruptions can make it challenging to stick to a prescribed HIV <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/treatment-regimen" target="_blank">treatment regimen</a>.</p><p>To be effective, HIV medicines must be taken as prescribed, which requires many people to take HIV medicines daily. Interruptions to an HIV treatment regimen can greatly reduce the effectiveness of the medications and may lead to decreased immune function, increased vulnerability to <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/opportunistic-infection-oi" target="_blank">opportunistic infections</a>, and increased risk of HIV transmission.</p><p>In addition, interruptions or changes to an HIV treatment regimen can increase the risk of developing drug-resistant HIV. This means that one or more drugs in a person’s HIV treatment regimen will no longer be effective and can limit future HIV treatment options. See the <a href="https://HIVinfo.NIH.gov/understanding-hiv/fact-sheets/drug-resistance" target="_blank">Drug Resistance</a> fact sheet for more information on drug-resistant HIV.</p></div>
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">What should someone with HIV do if they get displaced?</span>
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>People with HIV should make every effort to continue taking their HIV medicines exactly as prescribed if they get displaced by a natural disaster. If possible, displaced people should also attempt to continue attending health care appointments and taking other medications as prescribed to avoid any adverse reactions, even if that means finding a new health care provider.</p><p>Whenever possible, it is preferred that people with HIV remain on the same HIV treatment regimen, as long as it has been working effectively. Having the prescription information available to share with a new health care provider in the event of emergency-related displacement can reduce the likelihood of delays in treatment or changes to an HIV treatment regimen.</p><p>Aside from having the necessary information and resources noted above, people with HIV who are displaced by a disaster should reach out for assistance as needed. The resources below could help provide support to people in these circumstances:</p><ul><li><strong>Finding a new health care provider:</strong> <a href="https://findhivcare.hrsa.gov/" target="_blank">Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program Medical Provider Locator</a> or <a href="https://providers.aahivm.org/referral-link-search?reload=timezone" target="_blank">American Academy of HIV Medicine</a> (if displaced while outside of the United States)</li><li><strong>Getting housing support:</strong> <a href="https://www.fema.gov/fact-sheet/individuals-and-households-program" target="_blank">FEMA Individuals and Households Program</a> or <a href="https://www.hudexchange.info/programs/hopwa/" target="_blank">Housing Opportunities for Persons With AIDS (HOPWA)</a></li><li><strong>Assistance with HIV medicines:</strong> <a href="https://adap.directory/" target="_blank">Directory of AIDS Drug Assistance Programs</a> or <a href="https://aspr.hhs.gov/EPAP/Pages/default.aspx">ASPR Emergency Prescription Assistance Program</a></li><li><strong>Mental health support:</strong> <a href="https://www.samhsa.gov/find-help/disaster-distress-helpline" target="_blank">SAMSHA Disaster Distress Helpline</a></li><li><strong>Transportation services:</strong> <a href="https://ryanwhite.hrsa.gov/hiv-care/services" target="_blank">Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program: Available Care and Services</a> (only available in some areas)</li></ul></div>
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">What should someone do if they can’t access HIV treatment while displaced?</span>
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>In the event that someone with HIV cannot access HIV medicines after being displaced, it is important to restart treatment as soon as possible. Although the virus may temporarily spread, a new HIV treatment regimen will help suppress the virus and return to normal health when access to treatment becomes available. In addition, it can be helpful to temporarily avoid sexual activity to reduce the risk of HIV transmission.</p><p>HIV <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/pre-exposure-prophylaxis-prep" target="_blank">pre-exposure prophylaxis</a> and/or <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/postexposure-prophylaxis-pep" target="_blank">post-exposure prophylaxis</a> can also reduce the likelihood of sexual HIV transmission to a partner if someone with HIV cannot access their normal HIV medicines, though these medicines may also be unavailable in such cases. A health care provider should be able to provide guidance in these situations.</p></div>
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">How can people with HIV prepare for emergency displacement?</span>
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>Given the risks associated with treatment interruptions, it is important for people with HIV to be prepared for potential displacement caused by natural disasters. To help prepare, people with HIV can:</p><ul><li><strong>Pack an Emergency Kit: </strong>Create an emergency kit that includes a supply of essential medications (such as a month’s supply of HIV medicines), copies of medical records, and contact information for health care providers. Medical records and provider contact information may be available on an electronic patient portal but usually require an account with login information.</li><li><strong>Plan Ahead: </strong>Identify HIV care providers and pharmacies in potential relocation areas. If possible, predetermine a safe place to go in the event of a regional emergency, and evacuate early in the event of an incoming disaster (such as a hurricane). Once the disaster occurs, it can be more difficult to access necessary resources.</li><li><strong>Stay Connected:</strong> Maintain communication with health care providers (original and/or new, if applicable) and support networks.</li></ul><p>In modern times, many health care organizations offer convenient resources through a patient portal that can be especially valuable in the event of a displacement. These resources often include:</p><ul><li>Brand name(s) and dose(s) of all HIV medicines in the treatment regimen</li><li>Health history including the most recent <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/viral-load-vl" target="_blank">HIV viral load</a> and <a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/cd4-count" target="_blank">CD4 cell count</a></li><li>Communication tools to change pharmacies or contact the health care provider for questions or concerns</li></ul><p>For people who do not have access to a patient portal, the information noted above could be helpful to include in an emergency kit.</p></div>
|
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">This fact sheet is based on information from the following sources:</span>
|
||
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||
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p>From the NIH Office of AIDS Research:</p><ul><li><a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/guidelines/guidelines-caring-people-hiv-displaced-disasters/guidance-non-hiv-specialized-providers" target="_blank">Guidance for Non-HIV-Specialized Providers Caring for People With HIV Who Have Been Displaced by Disasters (Such as a Hurricane)</a></li><li>Guidelines for the Use of Antiretrovirals in Adults and Adolescents With HIV:<ul><li><a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/guidelines/hiv-clinical-guidelines-adult-and-adolescent-arv/discontinuation-or-interruption" target="_blank">Discontinuation or Interruption of Antiretroviral Therapy</a></li></ul></li></ul><p>From the Administration for Children and Families:</p><ul><li><a href="https://www.acf.hhs.gov/opre/blog/2023/08/human-service-needs-and-disaster-displacement-why" target="_blank">Human Service Needs and Disaster Displacement: Why Disaster Displacement and Why Now</a></li></ul><p>From Medline Plus:</p><ul><li><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000880.htm" target="_blank">Patient Portals – An Online Tool For Your Health</a></li></ul><p>Also see the <a href="https://HIVinfo.NIH.gov/hiv-source">HIV Source</a> collection of HIV links and resources.</p></div>
|
||
|
||
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|
||
</article>
|
||
</li></ul></div></div></div>
|
||
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|
||
<div class="views-row">
|
||
<div class="views-field views-field-title"><h2 class="field-content">HIV and Mental Health</h2></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-fact-sheet-qa"><div class="field-content"><div class="item-list"><ul class="list-group"><li class="list-group-item">
|
||
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||
<article class="node node--type-fact-sheet-qa node--view-mode-print boxed clearfix">
|
||
<header>
|
||
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||
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|
||
<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Key Points</span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
<div class="node__meta">
|
||
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|
||
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Mental health refers to a person's overall emotional, psychological, and social well-being. Good mental health helps people make healthy choices, reach personal goals, develop healthy relationships, and cope with stress.</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">People with HIV have a higher risk for some mental health conditions than people who do not have HIV, making mental health especially important. </span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Mental health conditions are treatable, and people with mental health conditions can recover.</span></li></ul></div>
|
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">What is mental health?</span>
|
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Mental health refers to a person's overall emotional, psychological, and social well-being. Mental health affects how people think, feel, and act.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Good mental health helps people make healthy choices, reach personal goals, develop healthy relationships, and cope with stress. In contrast, poor mental health means people find it difficult to manage how they feel, think, act, or cope with stress.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Poor mental health is not the same as mental illness (also known as a mental disorder). Mental illnesses are diagnosed mental, behavioral, or emotional disorders that can vary in severity and may impact different areas of life, including jobs and relationships. </span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Mental illnesses include many different conditions, such as anxiety disorders, mood disorders (such as depression), eating disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), bipolar disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder, and schizophrenia.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">A person can have poor mental health and not have a diagnosed mental illness. Likewise, a person with a mental illness can still enjoy good mental well-being. While there are some differences between poor mental health and mental illnesses, they will be referred to collectively as mental health conditions throughout this fact sheet.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">If you are living with HIV, it is important to take care of both your physical and mental health.</span></p></div>
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|
||
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|
||
<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Are people with HIV at risk for mental health conditions?</span>
|
||
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Mental health conditions are common in the United States. Anyone can experience poor mental health or a mental health illness. According to the </span><a href="https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/mental-illness">National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)</a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">, about one in five American adults lived with a mental illness in 2021.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">People with HIV are at high risk of some mental health conditions because of HIV-related stress. For example, people with HIV are twice as likely to have depression as people who do not have HIV.</span></p><p>It is important to remember that mental health conditions are treatable and that people can recover from poor mental health.</p></div>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
||
|
||
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|
||
<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">What can cause mental health conditions in people with HIV?</span>
|
||
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|
||
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">The following factors can increase the risk of mental health conditions in anyone, including people without HIV:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Major life changes, such as the death of a loved one or the loss of a job</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Negative life experiences, such as abuse or trauma</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Biological factors, such as genes or brain chemistry</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">A family history of mental health conditions</span></li></ul><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">In addition to these factors, the stress of having a serious medical illness or condition, like HIV, may also negatively affect a person's mental health. Situations that can contribute to mental health conditions in people with HIV include:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;">Difficulty in telling others about an HIV diagnosis</li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/stigma">Stigma</a> and discrimination associated with HIV</li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;">Loss of social support and isolation </li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;">Difficulty in getting mental health services</li></ul><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">In people with HIV, both HIV infection and related </span><a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/opportunistic-infection-oi" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">opportunistic infections</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> can affect the brain and the rest of the nervous system. This may lead to changes in how a person thinks and behaves. </span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">In addition, some medicines used to treat HIV may have side effects that affect a person's mental health. For example, </span><a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/drugs/doravirine/patient"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">doravirine</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> has been linked to depression and sleep disturbances in some people. </span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">However, side effects from HIV medicines that affect mental health can usually be fixed by changing HIV medicines. Be sure to talk to your doctor if you think your HIV medicine is affecting your mental health.</span></p></div>
|
||
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|
||
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|
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">What are the warning signs of a mental health condition?</span>
|
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<div class="node__content clearfix">
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Changes in how a person feels or acts can be a warning sign of a mental health condition. For example, potential signs of depression include:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Losing interest in activities that are usually enjoyable</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Experiencing persistent sadness or feeling empty</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Feeling anxious or stressed</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Having suicidal thoughts</span></li></ul><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">If you have any signs of a mental health condition, it is important to get help. You can reach out to the </span><a href="https://www.samhsa.gov/find-help/988"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) hotline</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> for immediate help.</span></p></div>
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<h2 class="node__title">
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">What should people with HIV do if they need help for a mental health condition?</span>
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</h2>
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<div class="node__content clearfix">
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">People with HIV can talk to their health care provider about how they are feeling. They can also tell their health care provider if they are having any problems with drugs or alcohol, which can also impact mental health.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Health care providers will consider whether any HIV medicines may be affecting the person’s mental health. They can also help people with HIV find a mental health care provider, such as a psychiatrist or therapist.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Here are additional ways that people with HIV can improve their mental health:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Join a support group.</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Try meditation, yoga, or deep breathing to relax.</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Get enough sleep, eat healthy meals, and stay physically active.</span></li></ul><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">To find mental health treatment services, use these resources from the </span><a href="https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/find-help/index.shtml" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">NIMH</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> and the </span><a href="https://www.samhsa.gov/find-treatment" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">SAMHSA</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">.</span></p></div>
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<header>
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<h2 class="node__title">
|
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">This fact sheet is based on information from the following sources:</span>
|
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</h2>
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</header>
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<div class="node__content clearfix">
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/mental-health/about/?CDC_AAref_Val=https://www.cdc.gov/mentalhealth/learn/index.htm" target="_blank">About Mental Health</a></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/health-equity/index.html"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Stigma and HIV</span></a></li></ul><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">From Medline Plus:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/mentaldisorders.html"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Mental Disorders</span></a></li></ul><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">From the NIMH:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/hiv-aids/index.shtml" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">HIV and AIDS and Mental Health</span></a></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/mental-illness"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Mental Illness</span></a></li></ul><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">From SAMHSA:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://www.mentalhealth.gov/basics/what-is-mental-health" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">What Is Mental Health?</span></a></li></ul><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">From the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="http://www.hiv.va.gov/patient/daily/mental/single-page.asp" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Mental Health and HIV</span></a></li></ul><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">From the World Health Organization</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li><a href="https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-disorders"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Mental Disorders</span></a></li></ul><p>Also see the <a href="/hiv-source">HIV Source</a> collection of HIV links and resources.</p></div>
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</article>
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</li></ul></div></div></div>
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<div class="views-row">
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<div class="views-field views-field-title"><h2 class="field-content">HIV and Nutrition and Food Safety</h2></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-fact-sheet-qa"><div class="field-content"><div class="item-list"><ul class="list-group"><li class="list-group-item">
|
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Key Points</span>
|
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</h2>
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<div class="node__meta">
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">In people with HIV, good nutrition helps to maintain the </span><a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/immune-system"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">immune system</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">, maintain a healthy weight, absorb HIV medicines, and support overall health.</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Food and water can be contaminated with germs that cause illnesses (called foodborne illnesses), which can be more serious for people with HIV due to a weakened immune system.</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Food safety is about how to select, handle, prepare, and store food to prevent foodborne illnesses. Following food safety guidelines reduces the risk of foodborne illnesses.</span></li></ul></div>
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<header>
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<h2 class="node__title">
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Why is good nutrition important for people with HIV?</span>
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Good nutrition is about finding and maintaining a healthy eating style. Good nutrition supports overall health and helps maintain the </span><a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/immune-system" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">immune system</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">. It also helps people with HIV maintain a healthy weight and absorb HIV medicines.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">HIV attacks and destroys the immune system, which makes it harder for the body to fight off infections. People with HIV take a combination of HIV medicines (called an HIV </span><a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/treatment-regimen" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">treatment regimen</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">) every day. The medicines prevent HIV from destroying the immune system. A healthy diet also helps strengthen the immune system and keep people with HIV healthy.</span></p></div>
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</div>
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</article>
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</li><li class="list-group-item">
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<article class="node node--type-fact-sheet-qa node--view-mode-print clearfix">
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<header>
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||
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<h2 class="node__title">
|
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">What is a healthy diet for people with HIV?</span>
|
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</h2>
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</header>
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<div class="node__content clearfix">
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">In general, the basics of a healthy diet are the same for everyone, including people with HIV. Some general recommendations include:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Eating a variety of foods from the five food groups: fruits, vegetables, grains, proteins, and dairy.</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Eating the right amount of food (measured in calories) to maintain a healthy weight.</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Choosing foods low in </span><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000838.htm" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">saturated fat</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">, sodium (salt), and added sugars.</span></li></ul><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">To learn more about healthy eating, visit the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA’s) </span><a href="https://www.myplate.gov/"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">MyPlate.gov website</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">.</span></p></div>
|
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||
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<article class="node node--type-fact-sheet-qa node--view-mode-print clearfix">
|
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<header>
|
||
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<h2 class="node__title">
|
||
<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Can HIV or HIV medicines cause nutrition-related problems?</span>
|
||
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</h2>
|
||
|
||
</header>
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||
<div class="node__content clearfix">
|
||
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||
<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">HIV and HIV medicines can sometimes cause nutrition-related problems. For example, some HIV-related infections can make it hard to eat or swallow. Side effects from HIV medicines, such as loss of appetite, nausea, or diarrhea, can also make it hard to stick to an HIV regimen. </span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">If you have HIV and are having a nutrition-related problem, talk to your health care provider. Otherwise, to avoid nutrition-related problems, people with HIV must also pay attention to food safety.</span></p></div>
|
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</div>
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<header>
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<h2 class="node__title">
|
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">What is food safety?</span>
|
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</h2>
|
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</header>
|
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<div class="node__content clearfix">
|
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Food and water can be contaminated with germs that cause illnesses (called foodborne illnesses or food poisoning). Food safety is about how to select, handle, prepare, and store food to prevent foodborne illnesses. For instance, the </span><a href="https://www.fsis.usda.gov/food-safety/safe-food-handling-and-preparation/food-safety-basics/safe-temperature-chart"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Food and Drug Administration (FDA)</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> provides guidelines on the minimum food temperatures to use when cooking to prevent foodborne illnesses.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Water quality is also important because most people drink and cook with water. While there are many regulations in the United States to help make sure people have access to clean water, it’s important to read local water quality reports and to test your own water supply to make sure you aren’t consuming harmful germs or chemicals.</span></p></div>
|
||
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||
</div>
|
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</article>
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</li><li class="list-group-item">
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<article class="node node--type-fact-sheet-qa node--view-mode-print clearfix">
|
||
<header>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="node__title">
|
||
<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Why is food safety important for people with HIV?</span>
|
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</h2>
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</header>
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<div class="node__content clearfix">
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Because HIV damages the immune system, foodborne illnesses are likely to be more serious and last longer in people with HIV than in people with a healthy immune system. Following food safety guidelines reduces the risk of foodborne illnesses.</span></p></div>
|
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</div>
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<article class="node node--type-fact-sheet-qa node--view-mode-print clearfix">
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<header>
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<h2 class="node__title">
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">What steps can people with HIV take to prevent foodborne illnesses?</span>
|
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<div class="node__content clearfix">
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">If you have HIV, follow these food safety guidelines to reduce your risk of foodborne illnesses:</span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>Do not eat or drink the following foods</strong>:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Raw eggs or foods that contain raw eggs, such as homemade cookie dough</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Raw or undercooked poultry, meat, and seafood</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Milk, dairy products, and fruit juices that are unpasteurized</span></li></ul><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>Follow the four basic steps to food safety: clean, separate, cook, and chill.</strong></span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>Clean</strong>: Wash your hands, cooking utensils, and countertops often when preparing food.</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>Separate</strong>: Separate foods to prevent the spread of any germs from one food to another. For example, keep raw meat, poultry, seafood, and eggs separate from foods that are ready to eat, including fruits, vegetables, and breads.</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>Cook</strong>: Use a food thermometer to make sure that foods are cooked to safe temperatures (see the FDA’s </span><a href="https://www.fsis.usda.gov/food-safety/safe-food-handling-and-preparation/food-safety-basics/safe-temperature-chart"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Safe Minimal Internal Temperature Chart</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">).</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>Chill</strong>: Refrigerate or freeze meat, poultry, eggs, seafood, or other foods that are likely to spoil within 2 hours of cooking or purchasing.</span></li></ul><img data-entity-uuid="63158afb-66b2-4564-a03f-062c74834ec2" data-entity-type="file" width="975" height="454" loading="lazy" class="lazyload" data-src="/sites/default/files/inline-images/image.png"><p>For more information, visit the FDA’s <a href="https://www.fda.gov/food/people-risk-foodborne-illness/food-safety-older-adults-and-people-cancer-diabetes-hivaids-organ-transplants-and-autoimmune">Food Safety for Older Adults and People with Cancer, Diabetes, HIV/AIDS, Organ Transplants, and Autoimmune Diseases</a> webpage. If you are planning a trip outside the United States, read the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC’s) recommendations on <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/living-with/index.html#:~:text=Traveling%20with%20HIV,-Traveling%20outside%20the%20United%20States">Traveling With HIV</a>.</p></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</article>
|
||
</li><li class="list-group-item">
|
||
|
||
<article class="node node--type-fact-sheet-qa node--view-mode-print clearfix">
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<header>
|
||
|
||
<h2 class="node__title">
|
||
<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">This fact sheet is based on information from the following sources:</span>
|
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|
||
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|
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</header>
|
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<div class="node__content clearfix">
|
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">From the Health Resources and Services Administration:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://hab.hrsa.gov/sites/default/files/hab/clinical-quality-management/2014guide.pdf" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Guide for HIV/AIDS Clinical Care: Nutrition</span></a></li></ul><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">From the CDC:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/living-with/index.html" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Living With HIV</span></a></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/drinking-water/about/water-quality-and-your-health.html?CDC_AAref_Val=https://www.cdc.gov/healthywater/drinking/public/water_quality.html"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Water Quality and Your Health</span></a></li></ul><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">From the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://www.hiv.va.gov/patient/daily/diet/index.asp">Living With HIV: Nutrition and Exercise</a></li></ul><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">From the USDA:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://www.myplate.gov/" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">MyPlate.gov</span></a></li></ul><p><a name="_Hlk78986889" href><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Also see the </span></a><a href="https://HIVinfo.NIH.gov/hiv-source"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">HIV Source</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> collection of HIV links and resources.</span></p></div>
|
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||
</div>
|
||
</article>
|
||
</li></ul></div></div></div>
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|
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<div class="views-row">
|
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<div class="views-field views-field-title"><h2 class="field-content">HIV and Substance Use</h2></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-fact-sheet-qa"><div class="field-content"><div class="item-list"><ul class="list-group"><li class="list-group-item">
|
||
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|
||
<header>
|
||
|
||
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|
||
<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Key Points</span>
|
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|
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</h2>
|
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||
<div class="node__meta">
|
||
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;">Substance use refers to the use of drugs and alcohol and includes the misuse of prescription drugs and over-the-counter medicines. </li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;">Substance use can lead to risky behaviors (such as condomless sex or sharing needles) that increase the chance of getting HIV or passing it on to others.</li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;">Substance use can harm the health of a person with HIV by weakening the immune system, damaging the liver, interfering with daily HIV treatment regimens, and contributing to adverse drug interactions with HIV medicines.</li></ul></div>
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||
</div>
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|
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<header>
|
||
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<h2 class="node__title">
|
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">What is the connection between HIV and substance use?</span>
|
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</h2>
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Substance use refers to the use of recreational drugs and alcohol as well as the misuse of prescription drugs and over-the-counter medicines. Examples of each of these substances include: </span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;padding-left:48px;"><li><p style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">Alcohol: Beer, wine, and liquor</span></p></li><li><p style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">Recreational Drugs: Opioids (such as heroin), methamphetamine (meth), cocaine, and inhalants (poppers)</span></p></li><li><p style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">Prescription Drugs: Amphetamines (such as Adderall), depressants (such as Xanax), pain killers (such as Vicodin), and sleep medicines (such as Ambien)</span></p></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Over-the-counter Medicines: Cough medicine and laxatives (for weight loss)</span></li></ul><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Substance use is related to HIV in the following ways:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;padding-left:48px;"><li><p style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">Use of alcohol and recreational drugs can lead to risky behaviors that increase the chances of getting HIV or passing it on to others (called HIV </span><a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/transmission"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">transmission</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">).</span></p></li><li><p style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;">Some prescription drugs and over-the-counter medicines contain stimulants that can also lead to risky behaviors when misused.</span></p></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">The use of recreational drugs and alcohol can weaken the </span><a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/immune-system"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">immune system</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> and damage the </span><a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/liver"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">liver</span></a><span style="color:black;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;">.</span></li></ul></div>
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">How does substance use increase the risk of getting HIV?</span>
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Drug and alcohol use affects the brain (including memory, attention, and reasoning), impairs clear thinking, and increases the likelihood of poor decisions and risky behaviors. Using prescription drugs and over-the-counter medicines </span><span style="color:#2E2E2E;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">for purposes other than prescribed, in excessive amounts, or over a longer period than necessary</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> can have similar effects.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Some risky behaviors can increase the risk of getting or transmitting HIV. For example, a person using drugs or alcohol may have sex without a </span><a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/condom" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">condom</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> or share needles when injecting drugs.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">In the United States, HIV is spread mainly by:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Having anal or vaginal sex with someone who has HIV without using a condom or taking medicines to prevent or treat HIV</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Sharing injection drug equipment (works), such as needles, with someone who has HIV</span></li></ul></div>
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">How can substance use affect a person with HIV?</span>
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Substance use can harm the health of a person with HIV in several ways, including reduced immune function, reduced liver function, or adverse reactions with HIV medicines.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>Drugs and alcohol can weaken the immune system.</strong></span><br><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">HIV damages the immune system, making it harder for the body to fight infections and certain cancers. While HIV medicines can effectively improve immune function, drugs and alcohol can counteract those effects.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>Drugs and alcohol can damage the liver and cause liver disease.</strong></span><br><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">One of the main functions of the liver is to remove harmful substances (toxins) from the blood. Toxins are produced when the liver breaks down the chemicals in drugs or alcohol.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Drug and alcohol use can damage the liver, making it harder to remove toxins from the body. The buildup of toxins can weaken the body and lead to liver disease.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>Some recreational drugs can interact with HIV medicines.</strong></span><br><a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/drug-interaction" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Drug interactions</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> between HIV medicines and recreational drugs can increase the risk of dangerous side effects. For example, overdoses have been linked to interactions between some HIV medicines and recreational drugs, such as ecstasy (MDMA) or painkillers.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>Drug and alcohol use can make it hard to take HIV medicines as prescribed.</strong></span><br><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">People with HIV often take HIV medicines (called an HIV </span><a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/treatment-regimen"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">treatment regimen</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">) on a strict daily or monthly schedule. Drug or alcohol use can make it hard to focus and stick to an HIV treatment regimen. Skipping HIV medicines allows HIV to multiply and damage the immune system.</span></p></div>
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">If you use drugs or drink alcohol, take the following steps to protect your health. </span>
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><em><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">If you use drugs or alcohol</span></em><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Do not have sex if you are high or drunk.</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Use a condom correctly every time you have sex. Read this fact sheet from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on </span><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/condom-use/resources/external.html"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">how to use condoms</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> correctly.</span></li></ul><p><em><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">If you drink alcohol</span></em><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Drink in moderation. Moderate drinking is up to one drink per day for women and up to two drinks per day for men. One drink is a 12-oz bottle of beer, a 5-oz glass of wine, or 1.5-oz shot of liquor.</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Visit </span><a href="http://www.rethinkingdrinking.niaaa.nih.gov/" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Rethinking Drinking</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">, a website from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA). This website can help you evaluate your drinking habits and consider how alcohol may be affecting your health.</span></li></ul><p><em><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">If you inject drugs</span></em><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Use only new, sterile needles and drug injection equipment (works) each time you inject.</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Never share needles and works. </span><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/syringe-services-programs/php/index.html"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Syringe Service Programs</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> may help provide resources to people who inject drugs.</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Visit CDC’s webpage on </span><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/risk/drugs/index.html#:~:text=Sharing%20needles%2C%20syringes%2C%20or%20other,diagnoses%20in%20the%20United%20States."><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">injection drug use</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> for more information on how to reduce the risk of getting or transmitting HIV from injection drug use.</span></li></ul><p><span style="background-color:white;color:#2C2C2C;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Therapy, medicines, and other methods are also available to help you stop or cut down on drinking alcohol or using drugs. You can talk with a counselor or a health care provider about options that might be right for you. </span></p><p><span style="background-color:white;color:#2C2C2C;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">To find a substance abuse treatment center near you, visit the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s</span><a href="https://findtreatment.gov/"><span style="background-color:white;color:#2C2C2C;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;text-decoration:none;text-underline:none;"> </span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">treatment locator</span></a><span style="background-color:white;color:#2C2C2C;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> or call 1-800-662-HELP (4357).</span></p></div>
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">This fact sheet is based on information from the following sources:</span>
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">From CDC:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/risk/drugs/index.html#:~:text=Sharing%20needles%2C%20syringes%2C%20or%20other,diagnoses%20in%20the%20United%20States."><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">HIV and Injection Drug Use</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> </span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/pdf/risk/cdc-hiv-substanceuse.pdf">HIV and Substance Use</a></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/prevention/?CDC_AAref_Val=https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/hiv-prevention/inject-drugs.html"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Preventing HIV</span></a></li></ul><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">From the NIH Office of AIDS Research: </span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in Adults and Adolescents With HIV:</span><ul style="list-style-type:circle;"><li style="tab-stops:list 1.0in;"><a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/guidelines/hiv-clinical-guidelines-adult-and-adolescent-arv/special-populations-substance-use" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Substance Use Disorders and HIV</span></a></li></ul></li></ul><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">From the Department of Veterans Affairs:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="http://www.hiv.va.gov/patient/daily/alcohol-drugs/index.asp" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Drugs, Alcohol, and HIV</span></a></li></ul><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">From the Department of Health and Human Services, </span><span style="color:#222222;font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion</span><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://health.gov/our-work/food-nutrition/2015-2020-dietary-guidelines/guidelines/appendix-9/" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">2015 – 2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans: Appendix 9. Alcohol</span></a></li></ul><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">From HIV.gov:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li><a href="https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/hiv-prevention/reducing-risk-from-alcohol-and-drug-use/substance-use-and-hiv-risk"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Substance Use and HIV Risk</span></a></li></ul><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">From the National Cancer Institute:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li><a href="https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/substance-abuse"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Substance Abuse</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> </span></li></ul><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">From the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA):</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li><p style="line-height:150%;"><a href="https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/drug-use-viral-infections-hiv-hepatitis"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;">Drug Use and Viral Infections (HIV, Hepatitis) Drug Facts</span></a></p></li><li><p style="line-height:150%;"><a href="https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/misuse-prescription-drugs/overview"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;">Misuse of Prescription Drugs Research Report: Overview</span></a></p></li><li><p style="line-height:150%;"><a href="https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/over-counter-medicines"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:150%;">Over-the-Counter Medicines Drug Facts</span></a></p></li></ul><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">From the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li><a href="https://store.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/sma16-4973.pdf"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Chronic Substance Use and Cognitive Effects on the Brain: An Introduction</span></a></li></ul><p>Also see the <a href="https://HIVinfo.NIH.gov/hiv-source">HIV Source</a> collection of HIV links and resources.</p><!--Spanish
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<p>Véase también una colección de enlaces y recursos sobre el VIH en <a href="https://HIVinfo.NIH.gov/es/hiv-source">HIV Source</a>.</p>
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<p>La hoja informativa precedente se basa en la correspondiente en <a href="https://HIVinfo.NIH.gov/understanding-hiv/fact-sheets/hiv-and-substance-use">inglés</a>.</p>--></div>
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<div class="views-field views-field-title"><h2 class="field-content">How to Find HIV Treatment Services</h2></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-fact-sheet-qa"><div class="field-content"><div class="item-list"><ul class="list-group"><li class="list-group-item">
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Key Points</span>
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">There are resources that can help people living with HIV find a health care provider, pay for medicines, locate affordable housing, and get help with mental health issues.</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://hab.hrsa.gov/about-ryan-white-hivaids-program/about-ryan-white-hivaids-program"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">The Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> is a federal program designed to help people with HIV get the medical care and other support services they need.</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">The </span><a href="https://locator.hiv.gov/"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Find HIV Services Near You</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> from HIV.gov can help you locate HIV-related centers, services, programs, and treatment resources in your area. </span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">If you have questions about HIV treatment or need help finding HIV treatment resources, </span><a href="https://HIVinfo.NIH.gov/contact-hivinfo"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">contact HIVinfo</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> to get support from health information specialists.</span></li></ul></div>
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Health care providers are an essential part of successful HIV treatment. They prescribe HIV medicines and order tests to monitor their patients' health. People with HIV work with their health care providers to select an HIV </span><a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/en/glossary/treatment-regimen"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">treatment regimen</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> that works best for their needs.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">The following resources can help you find a health care provider:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://hab.hrsa.gov/get-care/state-hivaids-hotlines" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>State HIV/AIDS Hotlines</strong></span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>, from HRSA</strong></span><br><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">If you need help finding a health care provider or HIV/AIDS-related services in your area, call your state's HIV/AIDS hotline. The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) maintains a list of HIV/AIDS hotlines for the United States, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Puerto Rico.</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://findhivcare.hrsa.gov/" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>Find a Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program Medical Provider</strong></span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>, from HRSA</strong></span><br><a href="https://hab.hrsa.gov/about-ryan-white-hivaids-program/about-ryan-white-hivaids-program"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">The Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> provides HIV treatment services to people with HIV who have no health insurance or who are underinsured. Use the </span>Find a Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program Medical Provider<span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> search tool linked above to find medical providers in your area participating in the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program.</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://locator.hiv.gov/"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>Find HIV Services Near You</strong></span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>, from HIV.gov</strong></span><br><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">This search tool from HIV.gov can help you locate services, programs, and centers for HIV testing, sexually transmitted infection (STI) testing, pre-exposure prophylaxis, mental health, family planning, housing assistance, substance abuse, and the Ryan White HIV/AIDS program.</span></li></ul></div>
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Where can people with HIV get help paying for HIV medicines?</span>
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<div class="node__content clearfix">
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">There are several resources that can help people with HIV get the medicines they need:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="http://adap.directory/directory" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>ADAP Directory</strong></span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>, from the ADAP Advocacy Association</strong></span><br><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Use this directory to find AIDS Drug Assistance Programs (ADAPs) in the United States and several U.S. territories that provide HIV medicines and other services to those without sufficient health insurance or who need financial assistance.</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://www.nastad.org/membership-directory" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>NASTAD Membership Directory</strong></span></a><br><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Use the National Alliance of State and Territorial AIDS Directors' (NASTAD) directory to find health care specialists who administer HIV health care programs in your state.</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>Drug Companies</strong></span><br><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Some companies that make HIV medicines also have drug assistance programs. To find the contact information for the manufacturer of an HIV medicine, search for the drug in the Clinicalinfo </span><a href="https://clinicalinfo.hiv.gov/drugs" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Drug Database</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> and then scroll down the drug fact sheet to the section titled "Manufacturer Information."</span></li></ul></div>
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<header>
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<h2 class="node__title">
|
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">Where can people with HIV find housing assistance?</span>
|
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</h2>
|
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</header>
|
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<div class="node__content clearfix">
|
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">A stable living situation makes it easier for people with HIV to keep appointments with their health care provider and stick to an HIV treatment regimen.</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://www.hud.gov/program_offices/comm_planning/hopwa"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS</strong></span><strong> Program</strong></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>, from HUD</strong></span><br><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) manages the Housing Opportunities for Persons with AIDS (HOPWA) program, which is designed to provide housing assistance to people living with HIV or AIDS, as well as their families.</span></li></ul></div>
|
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<article class="node node--type-fact-sheet-qa node--view-mode-print clearfix">
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||
<header>
|
||
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<h2 class="node__title">
|
||
<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">How can people with HIV get help with mental health issues?</span>
|
||
|
||
</h2>
|
||
|
||
</header>
|
||
<div class="node__content clearfix">
|
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||
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Anyone can have problems with mental health, but people with HIV are more likely to experience some mental health conditions (such as depression) than people without HIV. Read the HIVinfo </span><a href="https://HIVinfo.NIH.gov/understanding-hiv/fact-sheets/hiv-and-mental-health"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">HIV and Mental Health</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> fact sheet for more information.</span></p><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Below are some places to find mental health treatment services:</span></p><ul style="list-style-type:disc;"><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://www.samhsa.gov/find-help"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>Find Help</strong></span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>,</strong> <strong>from SAMHSA</strong></span><br><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) is a U.S. government agency that offers resources for those looking for help with mental health problems or substance abuse. </span><a href="https://findtreatment.gov/" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">SAMHSA's treatment locator</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> allows people to search for mental health and substance use treatment facilities in the United States. SAMHSA also operates a 24-hour </span><a href="https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org/" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">National Suicide Prevention Lifeline</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">.</span></li><li style="tab-stops:list .5in;"><a href="https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/find-help/index.shtml" target="_blank"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>Help for Mental Illnesses</strong></span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><strong>, from NIMH</strong></span><br><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">As part of HHS, the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) funds research on ways to prevent and treat mental health disorders. Their website includes a resources page to help people find health care providers and treatment services, locate clinical trials, and learn more about mental health.</span></li></ul></div>
|
||
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||
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<span class="field field--name-title field--type-string field--label-hidden">How can HIVinfo help?</span>
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<div class="clearfix text-formatted field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">If you have questions about HIV treatment or need help finding HIV treatment resources, HIVinfo health information specialists (available in English or Spanish) can assist you. Contact HIVinfo by phone (1-800-448-0440) or email (</span><a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection#89c1c0dfe0e7efe6c9c7c0c1a7eee6ff"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"><span class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="b2fafbe4dbdcd4ddf2fcfbfa9cd5ddc4">[email protected]</span></span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">) for confidential assistance. For more information, visit the HIVinfo </span><a href="https://HIVinfo.NIH.gov/contact-us"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Contact Us</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> page.</span></p><p><a name="_Hlk78986889" href><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">Also see the </span></a><a href="https://HIVinfo.NIH.gov/hiv-source"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;">HIV Source</span></a><span style="font-size:12.0pt;line-height:107%;"> collection of HIV links and resources.</span></p></div>
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