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<!--***********************change issue date and title below**********************-->
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<title>NLM Gateway Implements Phrase Detection. NLM Technical Bulletin. 2003 Mar-Apr</title>
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<meta name="DC.Subject.IssueNum" content="331" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.IssueCover" content="/pubs/techbull/ma03/ma03_issue_cover.html" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="All Fields" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="Editor's Note" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="Frequently Asked Questions" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="MeSH Terms" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="NLM Gateway" />
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<meta name="DC.Subject.Keyword" content="Search Engine" />
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<body link="#476B47" alink="#476B47" vlink="#476B47" text="#000000" bgcolor="ffffff"><noscript><iframe src="//www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MT6MLL" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden" title="googletagmanager"></iframe></noscript><script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='//www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MT6MLL');</script>
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<td width="470"><font size="2"><strong>April 11, 2003</strong> [posted]</font><br /></td>
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<td width="30"> </td>
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<td width="470"><font size="2"><strong>October 23, 2003</strong> <a href="#updated">[updated]</a></font></td>
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<td width="470"> </td>
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<td width="470"><font size="5"><strong>NLM Gateway Implements Phrase Detection</strong></font><br /></td>
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<td width="30"> </td>
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<tr><td width="30"> </td>
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<td width="470">
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<p>
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urrently, when words are entered in the NLM Gateway's search query box,
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each word is searched individually and then ANDed together. Gateway treats multiple words as a phrase only
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when the user identifies the phrase by placing double quotes around it, (e.g.,
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"blood loss" or "hansen ma").
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</p>
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<p>
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In April 2003, Gateway will implement Phrase Detection. <a name="updated" id="updated"></a>[Editor's note: this change was implemented on April 23, 2003.] A user will no longer
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have to put a multiword search term in quotes to have it searched as a phrase,
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because many phrases will be recognized by the Phrase Detection function. MeSH
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terms, MeSH entry terms, and UMLS Metathesaurus terms that map directly to a MeSH
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concept will all be recognized. See Figures <a href="#fig1">1</a> and <a href="#fig2">2</a> as well as
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<a href="#tab1">Table 1</a>.
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</p>
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<p>
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Enter <em>shortness of breath</em> in the search query box. The Gateway recognizes the
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three words as a phrase and sends the search as a phrase (rather than breaking it apart into
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individual words ANDed together) to the various search engines. (See <a href="#fig1">Figure 1</a>.)
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</p>
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<center>
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<a name="fig1" id="fig1"> </a>
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<img src="/pubs/techbull/ma03/graphics/gateway_1.gif" alt="After Phrase Detection Implemented"/>
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</center>
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<br /><br />
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<center>
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<a name="fig2" id="fig2"> </a>
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<img src="/pubs/techbull/ma03/graphics/gateway_2.gif" alt="Before Phrase Detection Implemented"/>
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</center>
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<center>
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<p>
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Note: The Details of Search button on the Results Summary
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<!--
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<a name="fig3" id="fig3"> </a>
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<img src="/pubs/techbull/ma03/graphics/gateway_3.gif" alt="Results Summary"/>
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-->
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displays the Translated Search for each category as seen in Figures <a href="#fig1">1</a> and <a href="#fig2">2</a>.
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</p>
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</center>
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<br /><br />
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<table width="500" cellpadding="2" border="1" summary="additional examples">
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<thead>
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<tr valign="middle" align="left">
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<th id="a1" width="125" abbr="Name">Search Query</th>
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<th id="a2" width="187" abbr="Name">Gateway Search of PubMed After Phrase Detection Implemented</th>
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<th id="a3" width="188" abbr="Name">Gateway Search of PubMed Before Phrase Detection Implemented</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tr>
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<td width="125" >jet lag</td>
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<td width="187">jet lag syndrome [MeSH Terms] OR jet lag [Text Word]</td>
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<td width="188">((jet [All Fields]) AND (lag [All Fields]))</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="125" >heart attack</td>
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<td width="187">myocardial infarction [MeSH Term] OR heart attack [Text Word]</td>
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<td width="188">((("heart" [MeSH Terms]) OR (heart [Text Word])) AND (attack [All Fields]))</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="125">cold sore</td>
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<td width="187">herpes labialis [MeSH Term] OR cold sore [Text Word]</td>
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<td width="188">((((("pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive" [MeSH Terms]) OR ("common cold" [MeSH Terms])) OR ("cold" [MeSH Terms])) OR (cold [Text Word])) AND (sore [All Fields]))</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td width="125">acute otitis media</td>
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<td width="187">acute [all fields] AND (otitis media [MeSH Term] OR otitis media [Text Word])</td>
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<td width="188">(((acute [All Fields]) AND (("otitis" [MeSH Terms]) OR (otitis [Text Word]))) AND (("tunica media" [MeSH Terms]) OR (media [Text Word])))</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td colspan="3" width="500">(Note: otitis media is recognized as a phrase, and the phrase and the word
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acute are searched as two search terms.)</td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<center>
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<p><strong>Table 1 - Additional Examples After Phrase Detection Implemented</strong></p>
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</center>
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<br />
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<p>
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The Phrase Detection function also eliminates the need to use double quotes
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for multiword search terms in qualified searches, e.g., <em>hansen ma</em> [AU], <em>blood
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loss</em> [TI] or <em>diabetes mellitus</em> [MH].
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</p>
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<p>
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If you do not want a phrase as identified by the Gateway, use Boolean
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operators with the search terms (e.g., <em>glial</em> AND <em>cell line</em>). Also, you may
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still use double quotes. If the phrase that you want searched is not recognized
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by the Gateway, enter double quotes around it. (See Figures <a href="#fig4">3</a> and <a href="#fig5">4</a>.)
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</p>
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<center>
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<a name="fig4" id="fig4"> </a>
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<img src="/pubs/techbull/ma03/graphics/gateway_4.gif" alt="Using NO Double Quotes with Phrase Detection"/>
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</center>
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<br /><br />
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<center>
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<a name="fig5" id="fig5"> </a>
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<img src="/pubs/techbull/ma03/graphics/gateway_5.gif" alt="Forcing a Phrase Search Using Double Quotes"/>
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</center>
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<p>
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The double quotes disable the Gateway Phrase Detection function and the quoted
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multiword search term is sent as a phrase to all
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of the retrieval systems searched through the Gateway. Each retrieval system
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then processes the search query in accordance with its own searching procedures.
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</p>
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<p>
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More information on searching the Gateway can be found in the Help and FAQs
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available on the left sidebar of each page. If you have questions that are
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not addressed by this article or Gateway documentation, please click on the
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"Contact Us" button available at the bottom of each Gateway page to send us
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a message.
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</p>
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<br /><br />
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<p>
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<!--************************indicate article author and section below*******************************-->
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<strong>By Andrea Demsey</strong><br />
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<strong>MEDLARS Management Section</strong><br />
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<strong>and</strong><br />
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<strong>Sonya Shooshan</strong><br />
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<strong>Lister Hill National Center for Biomedical Communications</strong><br />
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</p>
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<!--
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<p><strong>Indexing Terms</strong></p>
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<p>NLM Gateway, Phrase Detection implemented</p>
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<p>Phrase Detection Implemented in NLM Gateway</p>
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<br /><br />
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-->
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<!--************************end indexing terms*********************************-->
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<!--************************change citation information below*****************************-->
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<em>Demsey A. and Shooshan S. NLM Gateway Implements Phrase Detection. NLM Tech Bull. 2003 Mar-Apr;(331):e8.</em>
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<!--************************end citation information********************************-->
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