528 lines
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528 lines
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<title>Emergency Preparedness and Response: Collection Recovery Methods: Manuscripts</title>
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<li class="usa-breadcrumb__list-item"> <a href="/hmd/index.html" class="usa-breadcrumb__link"><span>History home</span></a> </li><li class="usa-breadcrumb__list-item"> <a href="index.html" class="usa-breadcrumb__link"><span>Emergency Preparedness and Response home</span></a> </li><li class="usa-breadcrumb__list-item"> <a href="recoverymethods.html" class="usa-breadcrumb__link"><span>Collection Recovery Methods</span></a> </li><li class="usa-breadcrumb__list-item"> <span>Manuscripts</span></li>
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<a href="index.html" class="none">Emergency Preparedness and Response</a></h1>
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<h2>Collection Recovery Methods: <span class="blueital">Manuscripts</span></h2>
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<p><span class="italredbig">Manuscripts</span> include any loose (unbound) paper, vellum, or parchment.</p>
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<h3><a href="#vellum">Manuscripts made of loose parchment and/or vellum</a> - <a href="#soluble">Loose, plain paper with soluble inks and colorants</a> - <a href="#insoluble">Loose, plain paper with insoluble inks and colorants</a></h3>
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<h3 class="pstrong">Manuscripts made of loose parchment and/or vellum</h3>
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||
<p class="pstrong">Recovery Priority during the first 24-48 hours</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Immediately dry or freeze if there are too many to dry within 24 hours. Animal skin becomes very limp when moist and becomes gel-like if left wet for too long. Shrinkage and distortions increase with degree of wetness. Extremely wet <a href="glossary.html#vellum" target="_blank">vellum</a> or <a href="glossary.html#parchment" target="_blank">parchment</a> may be very fragile, so handle gently with even support.</li>
|
||
<li><span class="italred">Do not blot or tightly compress items with <a href="glossary.html#solubleinks" target="_blank">soluble inks</a>.</span></li>
|
||
<li><span class="italred">Do not use absorbent <a href="glossary.html#interleaving" target="_blank">interleaving</a> with soluble media.</span></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<p class="pstrong">Freezing Procedures</p>
|
||
<p class="pstrong"><span class="italred">Do not freeze-dry <a href="glossary.html#illuminated" target="_blank">illuminated</a> or gilded <a href="glossary.html#manuscript" target="_blank">manuscripts</a>.</span></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Line containers with a plastic bag to prevent uneven drying prior to <a href="glossary.html#freezing" target="_blank">freezing</a>.</li>
|
||
<li>Sandwich small groups of items between cardboard, strap with cotton tape, and place vertically in order inside packing container.</li>
|
||
<li>Pack <a href="glossary.html#oversize" target="_blank">oversize</a> items flat.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<p class="pstrong">Air Drying Procedures</p>
|
||
<p class="pstrong"><span class="italred">Collection items in this category should be handled by staff (or a conservator) trained in the recovery of these materials. It is important to use controlled drying methods for <a href="glossary.html#parchment" target="_blank">parchment</a> and <a href="glossary.html#vellum" target="_blank">vellum</a> to avoid severe distortions and shrinkage.</span></p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>If the inks are insoluble, then lightly blot items with an absorbent material.</li>
|
||
<li>Dry the materials between nonabsorbent sheets or sandwiched between <a href="glossary.html#blotter" target="_blank">blotters</a>, with a light-to-moderate weight board on top.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<a href="#top" class="backtotop">Back to top <img src="images/uparrow.png" alt="Arrow point to the top of the page" title="Back to top" /></a>
|
||
|
||
<hr />
|
||
|
||
<a name="soluble"></a>
|
||
|
||
<h3 class="pstrong">Loose, plain paper with soluble inks and colorants</h3>
|
||
|
||
<p><a href="glossary.html#solubleinks" target="_blank">Soluble inks</a> include felt-tip pen, colored pens, ballpoint pens, and stamp ink.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p class="pstrong">Recovery Priority during the first 24-48 hours</p>
|
||
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Dry the materials immediately. (If there are too many sheets to dry within 24 hours, then freeze them). The amount of media that will <span class="italred">bleed and run</span> increases with the degree of wetness, time, and contact with other materials.</li>
|
||
<li><span class="italred">Do not blot or tightly compress items.</span></li>
|
||
<li><span class="italred">Do not use absorbent <a href="glossary.html#interleaving" target="_blank">interleaving</a> as it will aid the transfer or inks.</span></li>
|
||
<li><span class="italred">Handle soaked or thin papers with caution, use support screens or <a href="glossary.html#polyesterwebbing" target="_blank">polyester webbing</a> as needed.</span></li>
|
||
<li><span class="italred">Use extra caution with large objects; wet paper is easily torn. Support with screens or <a href="glossary.html#polyesterwebbing" target="_blank">polyester webbing</a>.</span></li>
|
||
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<p class="pstrong">Freezing Procedures</p>
|
||
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Place non-absorbent <a href="glossary.html#interleaving" target="_blank">interleaving</a> (e.g., <a href="glossary.html#freezerpaper" target="_blank">freezer paper</a>) between items.</li>
|
||
<li>Pack <a href="glossary.html#oversize" target="_blank">oversize</a> items flat.</li>
|
||
<li>Place rolled items separately and one layer deep to avoid crushing.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<p class="pstrong">Air Drying Procedures</p>
|
||
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Gently unfold or unroll items when <a href="glossary.html#partiallydry" target="_blank">partially dry</a>.</li>
|
||
<li>Separate items and place face-up on flat, absorbent materials to <a href="glossary.html#airdrying" target="_blank">air dry</a>.</li>
|
||
<li>When items are nearly dry, place between <a href="glossary.html#blotter" target="_blank">blotters</a> or <a href="glossary.html#absorbent" target="_blank">absorbent floor matting</a> in stacks to reduce severe distortions during final drying.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<a href="#top" class="backtotop">Back to top <img src="images/uparrow.png" alt="Arrow point to the top of the page" title="Back to top" /></a>
|
||
|
||
<hr />
|
||
|
||
<a name="insoluble"></a>
|
||
<h3 class="pstrong">Loose, plain paper with insoluble inks and colorants</h3>
|
||
<p class="pstrong">Recovery Procedures during the first 24-48 hours</p>
|
||
<p>These are generally stable to some water exposure. If the temperature is above 70°F or the <a href="glossary.html#relativehumidity" target="_blank">relative humidity</a> is above 70%, then you must dry or freeze the items within 24 hours. Otherwise, take action within 48 hours.</p>
|
||
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Handle soaked or thin papers with caution – cradle with hands and support while moving. Do not unfold or unroll the paper until <a href="glossary.html#partiallydry" target="_blank">partially dry</a>.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<p class="pstrong">Freezing Procedures</p>
|
||
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Pack intact storage boxes of the loose papers into <a href="glossary.html#carton" target="_blank">cartons</a>. If the original storage box is no longer intact, then sandwich the contents between rigid cardboard, strap with cotton tape, and pack vertically in order inside the <a href="glossary.html#carton" target="_blank">carton</a>.</li>
|
||
<li>Pack <a href="glossary.html#oversize" target="_blank">oversize</a> items flat.</li>
|
||
<li>Pack rolled items separately and one layer deep in order to avoid crushing.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<p class="pstrong">Air Drying Procedures</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Lightly blot with an absorbent material.</li>
|
||
<li>Gently unfold or unroll items when they are <a href="glossary.html#partiallydry" target="_blank">partially dry</a>.</li>
|
||
<li>As space allows, separate items and place face up on flat surface areas to <a href="glossary.html#airdrying" target="_blank">air dry</a>.</li>
|
||
<li>When items are nearly dry, place between <a href="glossary.html#blotter" target="_blank">blotters</a> in stacks to reduce severe distortions during final drying.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<a href="#top" class="backtotop">Back to top <img src="images/uparrow.png" alt="Arrow point to the top of the page" title="Back to top" /></a>
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</div>
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</div>
|
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|
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|
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|
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<p class=”margin-top-5”><small>Last Reviewed: August 22, 2018</small></p>
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