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<meta name="keywords" content="C4551998, adt1p, adt1p, formerly, autosomal dominant porencephaly type 1, autosomal dominant retinal arteriolar tortuosity, infantile hemiparesis, and leukencephalopathy, brain small vessel disease 1 with or without ocular anomalies, brain small vessel disease with axenfeld rieger anomaly, brain small vessel disease with axenfeld-riegar anomaly, brain small vessel disease with axenfeld-rieger anomaly, brain small vessel disease with haemorrhage, brain small vessel disease with hemorrhage, brain small vessel disease with or without ocular anomalies, brain small-vessel disease with hemorrhage, bsvd, bsvd1, col4a1, col4a1 porencephaly, col4a1 related brain small vessel disease, col4a1-related brain small vessel disease with haemorrhage, col4a1-related brain small vessel disease with hemorrhage, col4a1-related brain small-vessel disease, col4a1-related familial vascular leukoencephalopathy, col4a1-related retinal arteriolar tortuosity-infantile hemiparesis-autosomal dominant leukoencephalopathy syndrome, disease or syndrome, familial porencephalic white matter disease, familial porencephaly, gould syndrome 1, hemiplegia, infantile, with porencephaly, hemiplegia, infantile, with porencephaly porencephaly, type 1, infantile hemiparesis, infantile hemiplegia with porencephaly, leukoencephalopathy with axenfeld rieger anomaly, leukoencephalopathy with axenfeld-rieger anomaly, poren1, poren1, formerly, porencephaly 1, porencephaly 1, formerly, porencephaly caused by mutation in col4a1, porencephaly type 1, porencephaly, familial, porencephaly, type 1, porencephaly, type 1, autosomal dominant, porencephaly, type 1, autosomal dominant, formerly, porencephaly, type 1, formerly, retinal arteriolar tortuosity, infantile hemiparesis, and leukoencephalopathy, autosomal dominant, t1p, t1p, formerly, type 1 porencephaly, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="The spectrum of COL4A1-related disorders includes: small-vessel brain disease of varying severity including porencephaly, variably associated with eye defects (retinal arterial tortuosity, Axenfeld-Rieger anomaly, cataract) and systemic findings (kidney involvement, muscle cramps, cerebral aneurysms, Raynaud phenomenon, cardiac arrhythmia, and hemolytic anemia). On imaging studies, small-vessel brain disease is manifest as diffuse periventricular leukoencephalopathy, lacunar infarcts, microhemorrhage, dilated perivascular spaces, and deep intracerebral hemorrhages. Clinically, small-vessel brain disease manifests as infantile hemiparesis, seizures, single or recurrent hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke, and isolated migraine with aura. Porencephaly (fluid-filled cavities in the brain detected by CT or MRI) is typically manifest as infantile hemiparesis, seizures, and intellectual disability; however, on occasion it can be an incidental finding. HANAC (hereditary angiopathy with nephropathy, aneurysms, and muscle cramps) syndrome usually associates asymptomatic small-vessel brain disease, cerebral large vessel involvement (i.e., aneurysms), and systemic findings involving the kidney, muscle, and small vessels of the eye. Two additional phenotypes include isolated retinal artery tortuosity and nonsyndromic autosomal dominant congenital cataract." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<!--
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||
UID=1647320
|
||
ConceptID=C4551998
|
||
-->
|
||
<!--imgCountBooks = 3--><div class="ncbi_carousel" data-ncbicarousel-config="imageWidth:'100px',numItemsVisible:2,toggler:false"><div class="nc_header"><span class="img_strip_title">Images (3)</span></div><div class="nc_content"><div class="nc_item"><a class="figpopup"><img alt="Image from GeneReviews" src="/books/NBK7046/bin/col4a1-dis-Image002.gif" src-large="/books/NBK7046/bin/col4a1-dis-Image002.jpg" /></a><br /><a href="/books/NBK7046/figure/col4a1-dis.F2/" title="GeneReviews" target="_blank">details</a></div><div class="nc_item"><a class="figpopup"><img alt="Image from GeneReviews" src="/books/NBK7046/bin/col4a1-dis-Image003.gif" src-large="/books/NBK7046/bin/col4a1-dis-Image003.jpg" /></a><br /><a href="/books/NBK7046/figure/col4a1-dis.F3/" title="GeneReviews" target="_blank">details</a></div><div class="nc_item"><a class="figpopup"><img alt="Image from GeneReviews" src="/books/NBK7046/bin/col4a1-dis-Image001.gif" src-large="/books/NBK7046/bin/col4a1-dis-Image001.jpg" /></a><br /><a href="/books/NBK7046/figure/col4a1-dis.F1/" title="GeneReviews" target="_blank">details</a></div></div></div><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Brain small vessel disease 1 with or without ocular anomalies<span class="h1sub">(BSVD1)</span></div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1647320</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C4551998</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
|
||
<td>BRAIN SMALL VESSEL DISEASE WITH HEMORRHAGE; BSVD1; PORENCEPHALY, TYPE 1, AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td>Modes of inheritance:</td>
|
||
<td>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="moi_141047"><div><strong>Autosomal dominant inheritance</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>141047</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0443147</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Intellectual Product</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Source: Orphanet</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in heterozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, an autosomal dominant disorder is caused when a single copy of the mutant allele is present. Males and females are affected equally, and can both transmit the disorder with a risk of 50% for each child of inheriting the mutant allele.</div></div>
|
||
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#moi_141047" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Autosomal dominant inheritance</a><span> (Orphanet)</span></div></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td><a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-loc">Gene (location):<img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div class="display-none" id="target-gene-loc">
|
||
Gene(s) directly associated with<br />
|
||
this condition or phenotype.</div></td>
|
||
<td><a target="_blank" title="COL4A1 - ID: 1282 - NCBI Gene" href="/gene/1282" class="medgenPMinfo">COL4A1</a> (13q34)</td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
|
||
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0008289" target="_blank">MONDO:0008289</a></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
|
||
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/175780" target="_blank">175780</a></td></tr>
|
||
<tr><td>Orphanet:</td>
|
||
<td><a target="_blank" title="Orphanet: The portal for rare diseases and orphan drugs" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&Expert=36383">ORPHA36383</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_101">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Disease_characteristics">Disease characteristics</h1><a sid="101" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><div class="excerpt">Excerpted from the <i>GeneReview: </i><a href="/books/NBK7046" target="_blank">COL4A1-Related Disorders</a></div><div>The spectrum of COL4A1-related disorders includes: small-vessel brain disease of varying severity including porencephaly, variably associated with eye defects (retinal arterial tortuosity, Axenfeld-Rieger anomaly, cataract) and systemic findings (kidney involvement, muscle cramps, cerebral aneurysms, Raynaud phenomenon, cardiac arrhythmia, and hemolytic anemia). On imaging studies, small-vessel brain disease is manifest as diffuse periventricular leukoencephalopathy, lacunar infarcts, microhemorrhage, dilated perivascular spaces, and deep intracerebral hemorrhages. Clinically, small-vessel brain disease manifests as infantile hemiparesis, seizures, single or recurrent hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke, and isolated migraine with aura. Porencephaly (fluid-filled cavities in the brain detected by CT or MRI) is typically manifest as infantile hemiparesis, seizures, and intellectual disability; however, on occasion it can be an incidental finding. HANAC (hereditary angiopathy with nephropathy, aneurysms, and muscle cramps) syndrome usually associates asymptomatic small-vessel brain disease, cerebral large vessel involvement (i.e., aneurysms), and systemic findings involving the kidney, muscle, and small vessels of the eye. Two additional phenotypes include isolated retinal artery tortuosity and nonsyndromic autosomal dominant congenital cataract. [from <a title="GeneReviews" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1116" class="defSource" target="_blank">GeneReviews</a>]</div><div class="spaceAbove"><strong>Full text of <i>GeneReview</i> (by section):</strong><br /><a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7046#col4a1-dis.Summary" target="NBK7046">Summary</a> | <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7046#col4a1-dis.GeneReview_Scope" target="NBK7046">GeneReview Scope</a> | <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7046#col4a1-dis.Diagnosis" target="NBK7046">Diagnosis</a> | <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7046#col4a1-dis.Clinical_Characteristics" target="NBK7046">Clinical Characteristics</a> | <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7046#col4a1-dis.Genetically_Related_Allelic_D" target="NBK7046">Genetically Related (Allelic) Disorders</a> | <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7046#col4a1-dis.Differential_Diagnosis" target="NBK7046">Differential Diagnosis</a> | <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7046#col4a1-dis.Management" target="NBK7046">Management</a> | <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7046#col4a1-dis.Genetic_Counseling" target="NBK7046">Genetic Counseling</a> | <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7046#col4a1-dis.Resources" target="NBK7046">Resources</a> | <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7046#col4a1-dis.Molecular_Genetics" target="NBK7046">Molecular Genetics</a> | <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7046#col4a1-dis.Chapter_Notes" target="NBK7046">Chapter Notes</a> | <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7046#col4a1-dis.References" target="NBK7046">References</a></div><div class="spaceAbove"><strong>Authors:</strong><br />
|
||
Emmanuelle Plaisier | Pierre Ronco <a href="/books/NBK7046" target="NBK7046" title="NCBI Bookshelf: COL4A1-Related Disorders">view full author information</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_117">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Additional_description">Additional description</h1><a sid="117" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><div class="mgSection"><strong>From OMIM</strong><br />Brain small vessel disease-1 is an autosomal dominant disorder with variable manifestations resulting from disruption of vascular basement membranes, particularly in the cerebral vasculature. The increased fragility of these vessels render them susceptible to hemorrhage, as early as in utero or by birth trauma, although the risk remains throughout life and some patients may present in adulthood. This genetic predisposition may extend beyond hemorrhagic stroke to include retinal and renal vascular defects. Clinical features thus reflect the location and severity of the vascular defect, including impaired neurologic development or function, hemiplegia, seizures, and variable ocular anomalies. The disturbed vasculature leads to cerebral degeneration, and brain imaging typically shows 'porencephaly,' hemosiderin deposition, calcifications, lacunar infarcts, enlarged ventricles, and leukoencephalopathy. Some patients may show 'schizencephaly' on brain imaging, which is also attributed to encephaloclastic processes, such as vascular injury. The disorder shows variable penetrance and expressivity (summary by Merello et al., 2008, Gould et al., 2006; Shah et al., 2012; van der Knaap et al., 2006; Yoneda et al., 2013).
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'Porencephaly' is a term used for any cavitation or cerebrospinal fluid-filled cyst in the brain. One form, called encephaloclastic, or type 1, porencephaly, is usually unilateral and results from focal destructive lesions such as fetal vascular occlusion or birth trauma. Another form, called 'schizencephalic', or type 2, porencephaly, is usually symmetric and may represent a primary defect or arrest in the development of the cerebral ventricles. Encephaloclastic porencephaly is more common (Airaksinen, 1984; Sensi et al., 1990).
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Genetic Heterogeneity of Brain Small Vessel Disease
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See also BSVD2 (614483), caused by mutation in the COL4A2 gene (120090) on chromosome 13q34; and BSVD3 (618360), caused by mutation in the COLGALT1 gene (617531) on chromosome 19p13. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.omim.org/entry/175780">http://www.omim.org/entry/175780</a></div></div>
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</div>
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_102">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_features">Clinical features</h1><a sid="102" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat"><strong>From HPO</strong><br />
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_342926"><div><strong>Dilation of Virchow-Robin spaces</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>342926</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1853618</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Increased dimensions of the Virchow-Robin spaces (also known as perivascular spaces), which surround the walls of vessels as they course from the subarachnoid space through the brain parenchyma. Perivascular spaces are commonly microscopic, and not visible on conventional neuroimaging. This term refers to an increase of size of these spaces such that they are visible on neuroimaging (usually magnetic resonance imaging). The dilatations are regular cavities that always contain a patent artery.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/342926">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Dilation%20of%20Virchow-Robin%20spaces%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20342926%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_423648"><div><strong>Cerebral hemorrhage</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>423648</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C2937358</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Hemorrhage into the parenchyma of the brain.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/423648">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Cerebral%20hemorrhage%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20423648%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_3940"><div><strong>Dystonic disorder</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>3940</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0013421</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormally increased muscular tone that causes fixed abnormal postures. There is a slow, intermittent twisting motion that leads to exaggerated turning and posture of the extremities and trunk.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/3940">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Dystonic%20disorder%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%203940%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_6783"><div><strong>Hemiparesis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>6783</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0018989</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Loss of strength in the arm, leg, and sometimes face on one side of the body. Hemiplegia refers to a complete loss of strength, whereas hemiparesis refers to an incomplete loss of strength.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/6783">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hemiparesis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%206783%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_9196"><div><strong>Hemiplegia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>9196</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0018991</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Paralysis (complete loss of muscle function) in the arm, leg, and in some cases the face on one side of the body.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/9196">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hemiplegia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%209196%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_9335"><div><strong>Hydrocephalus</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>9335</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0020255</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Hydrocephalus is an active distension of the ventricular system of the brain resulting from inadequate passage of CSF from its point of production within the cerebral ventricles to its point of absorption into the systemic circulation.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/9335">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hydrocephalus%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%209335%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_7753"><div><strong>Spasticity</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>7753</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0026838</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">A motor disorder characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes with increased muscle tone, exaggerated (hyperexcitable) tendon reflexes.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/7753">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Spasticity%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%207753%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_19708"><div><strong>Babinski sign</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>19708</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0034935</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Upturning of the big toe (and sometimes fanning of the other toes) in response to stimulation of the sole of the foot. If the Babinski sign is present it can indicate damage to the corticospinal tract.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/19708">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Babinski%20sign%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2019708%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_20693"><div><strong>Seizure</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>20693</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0036572</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">A seizure is an intermittent abnormality of nervous system physiology characterized by a transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/20693">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Seizure%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2020693%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_57451"><div><strong>Migraine</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>57451</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0149931</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Migraine is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by episodic attacks of headache and associated symptoms.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/57451">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Migraine%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2057451%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_57822"><div><strong>Migraine with aura</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>57822</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0154723</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">A type of migraine in which there is an aura characterized by focal neurological phenomena that usually proceed, but may accompany or occur in the absence of, the headache. The symptoms of an aura may include fully reversible visual, sensory, and speech symptoms but not motor weakness. Visual symptoms may include flickering lights, spots and lines and/or loss of vision and/or unilateral sensory symptoms such as paresthesias or numbness. At least one of the symptoms of an aura develops gradually over 5 or more minutes and/or different symptoms occur in succession.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/57822">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Migraine%20with%20aura%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2057822%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_78606"><div><strong>Schizencephaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>78606</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0266484</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Brunelli et al. (1996) described schizencephaly as an extremely rare congenital disorder characterized by a full-thickness cleft within the cerebral hemispheres. The clefts are lined with gray matter and most commonly involve the parasylvian regions (Wolpert and Barnes, 1992). Large portions of the cerebral hemispheres may be absent and replaced by cerebrospinal fluid. Two types of schizencephaly have been described, depending on the size of the area involved and the separation of the cleft lips (Wolpert and Barnes, 1992). Type I schizencephaly consists of a fused cleft. This fused pial-ependymal seam forms a furrow in the developing brain, and is lined by polymicrogyric gray matter. In type II schizencephaly, there is a large defect, a holohemispheric cleft in the cerebral cortex filled with fluid and lined by polymicrogyric gray matter. The clinical manifestations depend on the severity of the lesion. Patients with type I are often almost normal; they may have seizures and spasticity. In type II abnormalities, there is usually mental retardation, seizures, hypotonia, spasticity, inability to walk or speak, and blindness. Schizencephaly may be part of the larger phenotypic spectrum of holoprosencephaly (HPE; see 236100).</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/78606">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Schizencephaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2078606%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_78722"><div><strong>Leukoencephalopathy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>78722</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0270612</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">This term describes abnormality of the white matter of the cerebrum resulting from damage to the myelin sheaths of nerve cells.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/78722">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Leukoencephalopathy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2078722%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_78731"><div><strong>Tetraparesis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>78731</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0270790</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Weakness of all four limbs.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/78731">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Tetraparesis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2078731%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_98129"><div><strong>Cortical dysplasia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>98129</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0431380</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of developmental dysplasia of the cerebral cortex.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/98129">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Cortical%20dysplasia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2098129%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
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||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_196624"><div><strong>Cerebellar atrophy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>196624</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0740279</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">Cerebellar atrophy is defined as a cerebellum with initially normal structures, in a posterior fossa with normal size, which displays enlarged fissures (interfolial spaces) in comparison to the foliae secondary to loss of tissue. Cerebellar atrophy implies irreversible loss of tissue and result from an ongoing progressive disease until a final stage is reached or a single injury, e.g. an intoxication or infectious event.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/196624">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Cerebellar%20atrophy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20196624%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_152944"><div><strong>Limb dystonia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>152944</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0751093</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Sign or Symptom</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">A type of dystonia (abnormally increased muscular tone causing fixed abnormal postures) that affects muscles of the limbs.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/152944">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Limb%20dystonia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20152944%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_199670"><div><strong>Focal-onset seizure</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>199670</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0751495</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">A focal-onset seizure is a type of seizure originating within networks limited to one hemisphere. They may be discretely localized or more widely distributed, and may originate in subcortical structures.</div>
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<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/199670">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Focal-onset%20seizure%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20199670%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
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<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_215292"><div><strong>Ischemic stroke</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>215292</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0948008</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">A stroke is an acute neurologic event leading to death of neural tissue of the brain and resulting in loss of motor, sensory and/or cognitive function. It is said to be the third leading cause of death in the United States. Gunel and Lifton (1996) noted that about 20% of strokes are hemorrhagic, resulting in bleeding into the brain. Ischemic strokes, resulting from vascular occlusion, account for the majority of strokes. Bersano et al. (2008) reviewed genetic polymorphisms that have been implicated in the development of stroke. Candidate genes include those involved in hemostasis (see, e.g., F5; 612309), the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (see, e.g., ACE; 106180), homocysteine (see, e.g., MTHFR; 607093), and lipoprotein metabolism (see, e.g., APOE; 107741). See also hemorrhagic stroke, or intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH; 614519).</div>
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||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/215292">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Ischemic%20stroke%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20215292%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
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||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_853938"><div><strong>Focal cortical dysplasia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>853938</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C2938983</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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<div class="spaceAbove">A type of malformation of cortical development that primarily affects areas of neocortex. It can be identified on conventional magnetic resonance imaging as focal cortical thickening, abnormal gyration, and blurring between gray and white matter, often associated with clusters of heterotopic neurons.</div>
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||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/853938">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Focal%20cortical%20dysplasia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20853938%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
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||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_811461"><div><strong>Intellectual disability</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>811461</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C3714756</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction</dd></dl></div></div></div>
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||
<div class="spaceAbove">Intellectual disability, previously referred to as mental retardation, is characterized by subnormal intellectual functioning that occurs during the developmental period. It is defined by an IQ score below 70.</div>
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||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/811461">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Intellectual%20disability%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20811461%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
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||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_906044"><div><strong>Porencephalic cyst</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>906044</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C4082172</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">A cavity within the cerebral hemisphere, filled with cerebrospinal fluid, that communicates directly with the ventricular system.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/906044">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Porencephalic%20cyst%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20906044%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1916"><div><strong>Hemolytic anemia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1916</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0002878</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">A type of anemia caused by premature destruction of red blood cells (hemolysis).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1916">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hemolytic%20anemia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201916%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_5101"><div><strong>Facial paralysis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>5101</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0015469</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Complete loss of ability to move facial muscles innervated by the facial nerve (i.e., the seventh cranial nerve).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/5101">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Facial%20paralysis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%205101%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_69128"><div><strong>Elevated circulating creatine kinase concentration</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>69128</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0241005</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">An elevation of the level of the enzyme creatine kinase (also known as creatine phosphokinase (CK; EC 2.7.3.2) in the blood. CK levels can be elevated in a number of clinical disorders such as myocardial infarction, rhabdomyolysis, and muscular dystrophy.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/69128">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Elevated%20circulating%20creatine%20kinase%20concentration%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2069128%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_8009"><div><strong>Amblyopia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>8009</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0002418</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Reduced visual acuity that is uncorrectable by lenses in the absence of detectable anatomic defects in the eye or visual pathways.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/8009">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Amblyopia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%208009%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_2473"><div><strong>Astigmatism</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>2473</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0004106</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Astigmatism (from the Greek 'a' meaning absence and 'stigma' meaning point) is a condition in which the parallel rays of light entering the eye through the refractive media are not focused on a single point. Both corneal and noncorneal factors contribute to refractive astigmatism. Corneal astigmatism is mainly the result of an aspheric anterior surface of the cornea, which can be measured readily by means of a keratometer; in a small fraction of cases (approximately 1 in 10) the effect is neutralized by the back surface. The curvature of the back surface of the cornea is not considered in most studies, because it is more difficult to measure; moreover, in the case of severe corneal astigmatism, there is evidence that both surfaces have the same configuration. Noncorneal factors are errors in the curvature of the 2 surfaces of the crystalline lens, irregularity in the refractive index of the lens, and an eccentric lens position. Since the cornea is the dominant component of the eye's refracting system, a highly astigmatic cornea is likely to result in a similarly astigmatic ocular refraction (summary by Clementi et al., 1998).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/2473">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Astigmatism%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%202473%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_3202"><div><strong>Developmental cataract</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>3202</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0009691</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">A cataract that occurs congenitally as the result of a developmental defect, in contrast to the majority of cataracts that occur in adulthood as the result of degenerative changes of the lens.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/3202">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Developmental%20cataract%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%203202%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_40485"><div><strong>Corneal opacity</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>40485</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0010038</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">A reduction of corneal clarity.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/40485">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Corneal%20opacity%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2040485%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_4613"><div><strong>Exotropia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>4613</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0015310</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">A form of strabismus with one or both eyes deviated outward.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/4613">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Exotropia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%204613%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_42224"><div><strong>Glaucoma</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>42224</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0017601</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Glaucoma refers loss of retinal ganglion cells in a characteristic pattern of optic neuropathy usually associated with increased intraocular pressure.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/42224">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Glaucoma%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2042224%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_43780"><div><strong>Hypermetropia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>43780</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0020490</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormality of refraction characterized by the ability to see objects in the distance clearly, while objects nearby appear blurry.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/43780">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypermetropia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2043780%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_10033"><div><strong>Microphthalmia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10033</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0026010</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Microphthalmia is an eye abnormality that arises before birth. In this condition, one or both eyeballs are abnormally small. In some affected individuals, the eyeball may appear to be completely missing; however, even in these cases some remaining eye tissue is generally present. Such severe microphthalmia should be distinguished from another condition called anophthalmia, in which no eyeball forms at all. However, the terms anophthalmia and severe microphthalmia are often used interchangeably. Microphthalmia may or may not result in significant vision loss.\n\nPeople with microphthalmia may also have a condition called coloboma. Colobomas are missing pieces of tissue in structures that form the eye. They may appear as notches or gaps in the colored part of the eye called the iris; the retina, which is the specialized light-sensitive tissue that lines the back of the eye; the blood vessel layer under the retina called the choroid; or in the optic nerves, which carry information from the eyes to the brain. Colobomas may be present in one or both eyes and, depending on their size and location, can affect a person's vision.\n\nPeople with microphthalmia may also have other eye abnormalities, including clouding of the lens of the eye (cataract) and a narrowed opening of the eye (narrowed palpebral fissure). Additionally, affected individuals may have an abnormality called microcornea, in which the clear front covering of the eye (cornea) is small and abnormally curved.\n\nBetween one-third and one-half of affected individuals have microphthalmia as part of a syndrome that affects other organs and tissues in the body. These forms of the condition are described as syndromic. When microphthalmia occurs by itself, it is described as nonsyndromic or isolated.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/10033">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Microphthalmia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2010033%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_44558"><div><strong>Myopia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>44558</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0027092</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Nearsightedness, also known as myopia, is an eye condition that causes blurry distance vision. People who are nearsighted have more trouble seeing things that are far away (such as when driving) than things that are close up (such as when reading or using a computer). If it is not treated with corrective lenses or surgery, nearsightedness can lead to squinting, eyestrain, headaches, and significant visual impairment.\n\nNearsightedness usually begins in childhood or adolescence. It tends to worsen with age until adulthood, when it may stop getting worse (stabilize). In some people, nearsightedness improves in later adulthood.\n\nFor normal vision, light passes through the clear cornea at the front of the eye and is focused by the lens onto the surface of the retina, which is the lining of the back of the eye that contains light-sensing cells. People who are nearsighted typically have eyeballs that are too long from front to back. As a result, light entering the eye is focused too far forward, in front of the retina instead of on its surface. It is this change that causes distant objects to appear blurry. The longer the eyeball is, the farther forward light rays will be focused and the more severely nearsighted a person will be.\n\nNearsightedness is measured by how powerful a lens must be to correct it. The standard unit of lens power is called a diopter. Negative (minus) powered lenses are used to correct nearsightedness. The more severe a person's nearsightedness, the larger the number of diopters required for correction. In an individual with nearsightedness, one eye may be more nearsighted than the other.\n\nEye doctors often refer to nearsightedness less than -5 or -6 diopters as "common myopia." Nearsightedness of -6 diopters or more is commonly called "high myopia." This distinction is important because high myopia increases a person's risk of developing other eye problems that can lead to permanent vision loss or blindness. These problems include tearing and detachment of the retina, clouding of the lens (cataract), and an eye disease called glaucoma that is usually related to increased pressure within the eye. The risk of these other eye problems increases with the severity of the nearsightedness. The term "pathological myopia" is used to describe cases in which high myopia leads to tissue damage within the eye.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/44558">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Myopia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2044558%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_11210"><div><strong>Retinal hemorrhage</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>11210</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0035317</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Hemorrhage occurring within the retina.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/11210">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Retinal%20hemorrhage%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2011210%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_43103"><div><strong>Corneal neovascularization</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>43103</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0085109</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Ingrowth of new blood vessels into the cornea.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/43103">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Corneal%20neovascularization%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2043103%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_101805"><div><strong>Hypopigmentation of the fundus</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>101805</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0151891</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Reduced pigmentation of the fundus, typically generalized. Fundoscopy may reveal a low level pigment in both RPE and choroid with clear visibility of choroidal vessels (pale/albinoid) or low pigment level in the RPE with deep pigment in choroid so that visible choroidal vessels are separated by deeply pigmented zones (tesselated/tigroid).</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/101805">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypopigmentation%20of%20the%20fundus%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20101805%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_65889"><div><strong>Reduced visual acuity</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>65889</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0234632</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Diminished clarity of vision.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/65889">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Reduced%20visual%20acuity%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2065889%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_78610"><div><strong>Microcornea</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>78610</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0266544</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">A congenital abnormality of the cornea in which the cornea and the anterior segment of the eye are smaller than normal. The horizontal diameter of the cornea does not reach 10 mm even in adulthood.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/78610">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Microcornea%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2078610%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_91020"><div><strong>Blurred vision</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>91020</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0344232</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Lack of sharpness of vision resulting in the inability to see fine detail.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/91020">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Blurred%20vision%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2091020%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_91029"><div><strong>Hypoplasia of the iris</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>91029</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0344539</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Congenital underdevelopment of the iris.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/91029">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypoplasia%20of%20the%20iris%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2091029%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_91030"><div><strong>Polycoria</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>91030</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C0344544</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Multiple pupils.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/91030">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Polycoria%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2091030%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_224790"><div><strong>Congenital ectopic pupil</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>224790</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1271219</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Ectopia pupillae is a congenital eye malformation in which the pupils are displaced from their normal central position.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/224790">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Congenital%20ectopic%20pupil%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20224790%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_473480"><div><strong>Peripapillary atrophy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>473480</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C1719838</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">Thinning in the layers of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium around the optic nerve.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/473480">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Peripapillary%20atrophy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20473480%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_854603"><div><strong>Visual field defect</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>854603</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C3887875</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">An absolute or relative reduction in the extent of the normal field of vision.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/854603">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Visual%20field%20defect%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20854603%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
|
||
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1830276"><div><strong>Retinal arteriolar tortuosity</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1830276</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS) Click for more information.">C5779554</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"> •</span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of an increased number of twists and turns of the retinal arterioles.</div>
|
||
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1830276">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Retinal%20arteriolar%20tortuosity%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201830276%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div><div class="TreeLite" data-jigconfig="closed: 1"><div class="concept-def"><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(".TreeLite","#ID_102").TreeLite().openAll(); return false;">Show all</a><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(".TreeLite","#ID_102").TreeLite().closeAll(); return false;">Hide all</a></div><ul><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of blood and blood-forming tissues</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1916" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hemolytic anemia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_69128" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Elevated circulating creatine kinase concentration</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the cardiovascular system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_423648" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cerebral hemorrhage</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_342926" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Dilation of Virchow-Robin spaces</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the eye</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_8009" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Amblyopia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_2473" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Astigmatism</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_91020" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Blurred vision</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_224790" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Congenital ectopic pupil</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_43103" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Corneal neovascularization</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_40485" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Corneal opacity</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_3202" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Developmental cataract</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_4613" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Exotropia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_42224" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Glaucoma</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_43780" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypermetropia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_101805" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypopigmentation of the fundus</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_91029" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypoplasia of the iris</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_78610" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Microcornea</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_10033" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Microphthalmia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_44558" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Myopia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_473480" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Peripapillary atrophy</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_91030" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Polycoria</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_65889" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Reduced visual acuity</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1830276" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Retinal arteriolar tortuosity</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_11210" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Retinal hemorrhage</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_854603" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Visual field defect</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_5101" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Facial paralysis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the nervous system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_19708" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Babinski sign</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_196624" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cerebellar atrophy</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_98129" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cortical dysplasia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_3940" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Dystonic disorder</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_853938" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Focal cortical dysplasia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_199670" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Focal-onset seizure</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_6783" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hemiparesis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_9196" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hemiplegia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_9335" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hydrocephalus</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_811461" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Intellectual disability</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_215292" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Ischemic stroke</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_78722" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Leukoencephalopathy</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_152944" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Limb dystonia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_57451" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Migraine</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_57822" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Migraine with aura</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_906044" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Porencephalic cyst</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_78606" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Schizencephaly</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_20693" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Seizure</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_7753" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Spasticity</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
|
||
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_78731" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Tetraparesis</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test, </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test, </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM, </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>, </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4551998[DISCUI]&test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=1647320">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=1647320" target="_blank" href="/omim/175780">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK7046/" ref="ncbi_uid=1647320">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&from_uid=1647320" ref="ncbi_uid=1647320">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline">Brain small vessel disease 1 with or without ocular anomalies</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1864424" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for COL4A1 or COL4A2-related cerebral small vessel disease with hemorrhagic tendancy">COL4A1 or COL4A2-related cerebral small vessel disease with hemorrhagic tendancy</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Brain small vessel disease 1 with or without ocular anomalies</span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38301969">Central serous chorioretinopathy: An evidence-based treatment guideline.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Feenstra HMA,
|
||
van Dijk EHC,
|
||
Cheung CMG,
|
||
Ohno-Matsui K,
|
||
Lai TYY,
|
||
Koizumi H,
|
||
Larsen M,
|
||
Querques G,
|
||
Downes SM,
|
||
Yzer S,
|
||
Breazzano MP,
|
||
Subhi Y,
|
||
Tadayoni R,
|
||
Priglinger SG,
|
||
Pauleikhoff LJB,
|
||
Lange CAK,
|
||
Loewenstein A,
|
||
Diederen RMH,
|
||
Schlingemann RO,
|
||
Hoyng CB,
|
||
Chhablani JK,
|
||
Holz FG,
|
||
Sivaprasad S,
|
||
Lotery AJ,
|
||
Yannuzzi LA,
|
||
Freund KB,
|
||
Boon CJF</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Prog Retin Eye Res</span>
|
||
2024 Jul;101:101236.
|
||
Epub 2024 Feb 1
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2024.101236.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38301969" target="_blank">38301969</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35841910">The Boston criteria version 2.0 for cerebral amyloid angiopathy: a multicentre, retrospective, MRI-neuropathology diagnostic accuracy study.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Charidimou A,
|
||
Boulouis G,
|
||
Frosch MP,
|
||
Baron JC,
|
||
Pasi M,
|
||
Albucher JF,
|
||
Banerjee G,
|
||
Barbato C,
|
||
Bonneville F,
|
||
Brandner S,
|
||
Calviere L,
|
||
Caparros F,
|
||
Casolla B,
|
||
Cordonnier C,
|
||
Delisle MB,
|
||
Deramecourt V,
|
||
Dichgans M,
|
||
Gokcal E,
|
||
Herms J,
|
||
Hernandez-Guillamon M,
|
||
Jäger HR,
|
||
Jaunmuktane Z,
|
||
Linn J,
|
||
Martinez-Ramirez S,
|
||
Martínez-Sáez E,
|
||
Mawrin C,
|
||
Montaner J,
|
||
Moulin S,
|
||
Olivot JM,
|
||
Piazza F,
|
||
Puy L,
|
||
Raposo N,
|
||
Rodrigues MA,
|
||
Roeber S,
|
||
Romero JR,
|
||
Samarasekera N,
|
||
Schneider JA,
|
||
Schreiber S,
|
||
Schreiber F,
|
||
Schwall C,
|
||
Smith C,
|
||
Szalardy L,
|
||
Varlet P,
|
||
Viguier A,
|
||
Wardlaw JM,
|
||
Warren A,
|
||
Wollenweber FA,
|
||
Zedde M,
|
||
van Buchem MA,
|
||
Gurol ME,
|
||
Viswanathan A,
|
||
Al-Shahi Salman R,
|
||
Smith EE,
|
||
Werring DJ,
|
||
Greenberg SM</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet Neurol</span>
|
||
2022 Aug;21(8):714-725.
|
||
doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(22)00208-3.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35841910" target="_blank">35841910</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9389452" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32712016">Alport Syndrome: Achieving Early Diagnosis and Treatment.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kashtan CE</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Kidney Dis</span>
|
||
2021 Feb;77(2):272-279.
|
||
Epub 2020 Jul 22
|
||
doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2020.03.026.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32712016" target="_blank">32712016</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(brain%20small%20vessel%20disease%201%20with%20or%20without%20ocular%20anomalies)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (390)</a></div></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
|
||
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
|
||
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38787758">Heterogeneous blood-brain barrier dysfunction in cerebral small vessel diseases.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Ying Y,
|
||
Li Y,
|
||
Yao T,
|
||
Shao X,
|
||
Tang W,
|
||
Montagne A,
|
||
Chabriat H,
|
||
Wang DJJ,
|
||
Wang C,
|
||
Yang Q,
|
||
Cheng X</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Alzheimers Dement</span>
|
||
2024 Jul;20(7):4527-4539.
|
||
Epub 2024 May 24
|
||
doi: 10.1002/alz.13874.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38787758" target="_blank">38787758</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC11247670" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33098484">Brain arteriolosclerosis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Blevins BL,
|
||
Vinters HV,
|
||
Love S,
|
||
Wilcock DM,
|
||
Grinberg LT,
|
||
Schneider JA,
|
||
Kalaria RN,
|
||
Katsumata Y,
|
||
Gold BT,
|
||
Wang DJJ,
|
||
Ma SJ,
|
||
Shade LMP,
|
||
Fardo DW,
|
||
Hartz AMS,
|
||
Jicha GA,
|
||
Nelson KB,
|
||
Magaki SD,
|
||
Schmitt FA,
|
||
Teylan MA,
|
||
Ighodaro ET,
|
||
Phe P,
|
||
Abner EL,
|
||
Cykowski MD,
|
||
Van Eldik LJ,
|
||
Nelson PT</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Neuropathol</span>
|
||
2021 Jan;141(1):1-24.
|
||
Epub 2020 Oct 24
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s00401-020-02235-6.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33098484" target="_blank">33098484</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8503820" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31097385">Small vessel disease: mechanisms and clinical implications.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wardlaw JM,
|
||
Smith C,
|
||
Dichgans M</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet Neurol</span>
|
||
2019 Jul;18(7):684-696.
|
||
Epub 2019 May 13
|
||
doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(19)30079-1.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31097385" target="_blank">31097385</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25791797">Overcoming the blood-brain tumor barrier for effective glioblastoma treatment.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">van Tellingen O,
|
||
Yetkin-Arik B,
|
||
de Gooijer MC,
|
||
Wesseling P,
|
||
Wurdinger T,
|
||
de Vries HE</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Drug Resist Updat</span>
|
||
2015 Mar;19:1-12.
|
||
Epub 2015 Mar 6
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.drup.2015.02.002.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25791797" target="_blank">25791797</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23602162">Mechanisms of sporadic cerebral small vessel disease: insights from neuroimaging.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wardlaw JM,
|
||
Smith C,
|
||
Dichgans M</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet Neurol</span>
|
||
2013 May;12(5):483-97.
|
||
doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70060-7.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23602162" target="_blank">23602162</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3836247" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Brain%20small%20vessel%20disease%201%20with%20or%20without%20ocular%20anomalies%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (5856)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37434208">Pathophysiology and probable etiology of cerebral small vessel disease in vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Inoue Y,
|
||
Shue F,
|
||
Bu G,
|
||
Kanekiyo T</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Mol Neurodegener</span>
|
||
2023 Jul 11;18(1):46.
|
||
doi: 10.1186/s13024-023-00640-5.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37434208" target="_blank">37434208</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10334598" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36575578">Cerebral small vessel disease: Recent advances and future directions.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Markus HS,
|
||
de Leeuw FE</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Stroke</span>
|
||
2023 Jan;18(1):4-14.
|
||
doi: 10.1177/17474930221144911.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36575578" target="_blank">36575578</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9806465" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35311609">Advanced MRI in cerebral small vessel disease.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">van den Brink H,
|
||
Doubal FN,
|
||
Duering M</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Stroke</span>
|
||
2023 Jan;18(1):28-35.
|
||
Epub 2022 Apr 20
|
||
doi: 10.1177/17474930221091879.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35311609" target="_blank">35311609</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9806457" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33098484">Brain arteriolosclerosis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Blevins BL,
|
||
Vinters HV,
|
||
Love S,
|
||
Wilcock DM,
|
||
Grinberg LT,
|
||
Schneider JA,
|
||
Kalaria RN,
|
||
Katsumata Y,
|
||
Gold BT,
|
||
Wang DJJ,
|
||
Ma SJ,
|
||
Shade LMP,
|
||
Fardo DW,
|
||
Hartz AMS,
|
||
Jicha GA,
|
||
Nelson KB,
|
||
Magaki SD,
|
||
Schmitt FA,
|
||
Teylan MA,
|
||
Ighodaro ET,
|
||
Phe P,
|
||
Abner EL,
|
||
Cykowski MD,
|
||
Van Eldik LJ,
|
||
Nelson PT</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Neuropathol</span>
|
||
2021 Jan;141(1):1-24.
|
||
Epub 2020 Oct 24
|
||
doi: 10.1007/s00401-020-02235-6.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33098484" target="_blank">33098484</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC8503820" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29149834">Cystatin C in Cerebrovascular Disorders.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zhang Y,
|
||
Sun L</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Neurovasc Res</span>
|
||
2017;14(4):406-414.
|
||
doi: 10.2174/1567202614666171116102504.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29149834" target="_blank">29149834</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Brain%20small%20vessel%20disease%201%20with%20or%20without%20ocular%20anomalies%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (6508)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37256974">Tirofiban for Stroke without Large or Medium-Sized Vessel Occlusion.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zi W,
|
||
Song J,
|
||
Kong W,
|
||
Huang J,
|
||
Guo C,
|
||
He W,
|
||
Yu Y,
|
||
Zhang B,
|
||
Geng W,
|
||
Tan X,
|
||
Tian Y,
|
||
Liu Z,
|
||
Cao M,
|
||
Cheng D,
|
||
Li B,
|
||
Huang W,
|
||
Liu J,
|
||
Wang P,
|
||
Yu Z,
|
||
Liang H,
|
||
Yang S,
|
||
Tang M,
|
||
Liu W,
|
||
Huang X,
|
||
Liu S,
|
||
Tang Y,
|
||
Wu Y,
|
||
Yao L,
|
||
Shi Z,
|
||
He P,
|
||
Zhao H,
|
||
Chen Z,
|
||
Luo J,
|
||
Wan Y,
|
||
Shi Q,
|
||
Wang M,
|
||
Yang D,
|
||
Chen X,
|
||
Huang F,
|
||
Mu J,
|
||
Li H,
|
||
Li Z,
|
||
Zheng J,
|
||
Xie S,
|
||
Cai T,
|
||
Peng Y,
|
||
Xie W,
|
||
Qiu Z,
|
||
Liu C,
|
||
Yue C,
|
||
Li L,
|
||
Tian Y,
|
||
Yang D,
|
||
Miao J,
|
||
Yang J,
|
||
Hu J,
|
||
Nogueira RG,
|
||
Wang D,
|
||
Saver JL,
|
||
Li F,
|
||
Yang Q;
|
||
RESCUE BT2 Investigators</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">N Engl J Med</span>
|
||
2023 Jun 1;388(22):2025-2036.
|
||
doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2214299.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37256974" target="_blank">37256974</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37222252">Isosorbide Mononitrate and Cilostazol Treatment in Patients With Symptomatic Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: The Lacunar Intervention Trial-2 (LACI-2) Randomized Clinical Trial.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wardlaw JM,
|
||
Woodhouse LJ,
|
||
Mhlanga II,
|
||
Oatey K,
|
||
Heye AK,
|
||
Bamford J,
|
||
Cvoro V,
|
||
Doubal FN,
|
||
England T,
|
||
Hassan A,
|
||
Montgomery A,
|
||
O'Brien JT,
|
||
Roffe C,
|
||
Sprigg N,
|
||
Werring DJ,
|
||
Bath PM;
|
||
Lacunar Intervention Trial-2 (LACI-2) Investigator Group</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">JAMA Neurol</span>
|
||
2023 Jul 1;80(7):682-692.
|
||
doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.1526.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37222252" target="_blank">37222252</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10209826" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36575578">Cerebral small vessel disease: Recent advances and future directions.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Markus HS,
|
||
de Leeuw FE</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Stroke</span>
|
||
2023 Jan;18(1):4-14.
|
||
doi: 10.1177/17474930221144911.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36575578" target="_blank">36575578</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9806465" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33293549">Cerebral small vessel disease genomics and its implications across the lifespan.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Sargurupremraj M,
|
||
Suzuki H,
|
||
Jian X,
|
||
Sarnowski C,
|
||
Evans TE,
|
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Bis JC,
|
||
Eiriksdottir G,
|
||
Sakaue S,
|
||
Terzikhan N,
|
||
Habes M,
|
||
Zhao W,
|
||
Armstrong NJ,
|
||
Hofer E,
|
||
Yanek LR,
|
||
Hagenaars SP,
|
||
Kumar RB,
|
||
van den Akker EB,
|
||
McWhirter RE,
|
||
Trompet S,
|
||
Mishra A,
|
||
Saba Y,
|
||
Satizabal CL,
|
||
Beaudet G,
|
||
Petit L,
|
||
Tsuchida A,
|
||
Zago L,
|
||
Schilling S,
|
||
Sigurdsson S,
|
||
Gottesman RF,
|
||
Lewis CE,
|
||
Aggarwal NT,
|
||
Lopez OL,
|
||
Smith JA,
|
||
Valdés Hernández MC,
|
||
van der Grond J,
|
||
Wright MJ,
|
||
Knol MJ,
|
||
Dörr M,
|
||
Thomson RJ,
|
||
Bordes C,
|
||
Le Grand Q,
|
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Duperron MG,
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30251566">Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.</a></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31097385">Small vessel disease: mechanisms and clinical implications.</a></div>
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<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Brain%20small%20vessel%20disease%201%20with%20or%20without%20ocular%20anomalies%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (2844)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
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Li Y,
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33098484">Brain arteriolosclerosis.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Blevins BL,
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Vinters HV,
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Love S,
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Wilcock DM,
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Grinberg LT,
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Schneider JA,
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Kalaria RN,
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Katsumata Y,
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Gold BT,
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Wang DJJ,
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Ma SJ,
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Shade LMP,
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Fardo DW,
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Hartz AMS,
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Jicha GA,
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Nelson KB,
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Magaki SD,
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Schmitt FA,
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Teylan MA,
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Ighodaro ET,
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Phe P,
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Abner EL,
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Van Eldik LJ,
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|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31097385">Small vessel disease: mechanisms and clinical implications.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wardlaw JM,
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Smith C,
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Dichgans M</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet Neurol</span>
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2019 Jul;18(7):684-696.
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Epub 2019 May 13
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doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(19)30079-1.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31097385" target="_blank">31097385</a></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29149834">Cystatin C in Cerebrovascular Disorders.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Zhang Y,
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Sun L</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Curr Neurovasc Res</span>
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2017;14(4):406-414.
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doi: 10.2174/1567202614666171116102504.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29149834" target="_blank">29149834</a></div>
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<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25165388">Stroke subtype, vascular risk factors, and total MRI brain small-vessel disease burden.</a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Staals J,
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Makin SD,
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Doubal FN,
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<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Brain%20small%20vessel%20disease%201%20with%20or%20without%20ocular%20anomalies%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (4002)</a></div></div>
|
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</div>
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||
|
||
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_104">
|
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_systematic_reviews">Recent systematic reviews</h1><a sid="104" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln">
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38380638">European stroke organisation (ESO) guideline on cerebral small vessel disease, part 2, lacunar ischaemic stroke.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wardlaw JM,
|
||
Chabriat H,
|
||
de Leeuw FE,
|
||
Debette S,
|
||
Dichgans M,
|
||
Doubal F,
|
||
Jokinen H,
|
||
Katsanos AH,
|
||
Ornello R,
|
||
Pantoni L,
|
||
Pasi M,
|
||
Pavlovic AM,
|
||
Rudilosso S,
|
||
Schmidt R,
|
||
Staals J,
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||
Taylor-Rowan M,
|
||
Hussain S,
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||
Lindgren AG</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Eur Stroke J</span>
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||
2024 Mar;9(1):5-68.
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||
Epub 2024 Feb 21
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||
doi: 10.1177/23969873231219416.
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<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38380638" target="_blank">38380638</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10916806" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38101426">Risk factors for cognitive impairment and dementia after stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Filler J,
|
||
Georgakis MK,
|
||
Dichgans M</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Lancet Healthy Longev</span>
|
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2024 Jan;5(1):e31-e44.
|
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Epub 2023 Dec 12
|
||
doi: 10.1016/S2666-7568(23)00217-9.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38101426" target="_blank">38101426</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37062428">TFOS Lifestyle: Impact of the digital environment on the ocular surface.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wolffsohn JS,
|
||
Lingham G,
|
||
Downie LE,
|
||
Huntjens B,
|
||
Inomata T,
|
||
Jivraj S,
|
||
Kobia-Acquah E,
|
||
Muntz A,
|
||
Mohamed-Noriega K,
|
||
Plainis S,
|
||
Read M,
|
||
Sayegh RR,
|
||
Singh S,
|
||
Utheim TP,
|
||
Craig JP</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Ocul Surf</span>
|
||
2023 Apr;28:213-252.
|
||
Epub 2023 Apr 14
|
||
doi: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.04.004.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37062428" target="_blank">37062428</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35416969">Management of Adult Syphilis: Key Questions to Inform the 2021 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Tuddenham S,
|
||
Ghanem KG</span><br />
|
||
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Infect Dis</span>
|
||
2022 Apr 13;74(Suppl_2):S127-S133.
|
||
doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac060.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35416969" target="_blank">35416969</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9006973" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
|
||
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31957718">Prevalence and causes of childhood blindness in India: A systematic review.</a></div>
|
||
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Wadhwani M,
|
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Vashist P,
|
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Singh SS,
|
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Gupta V,
|
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Gupta N,
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Saxena R</span><br />
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<span class="medgenPMjournal">Indian J Ophthalmol</span>
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||
2020 Feb;68(2):311-315.
|
||
doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_2076_18.
|
||
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31957718" target="_blank">31957718</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7003592" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
|
||
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Brain%20small%20vessel%20disease%201%20with%20or%20without%20ocular%20anomalies%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (176)</a></div></div>
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||
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|
||
</div></div></div></div></div></div></div>
|
||
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<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Table_of_contents">Table of contents</h1><a sid="113" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C4551998%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (66)</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C4551998%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F9" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of select exons (3)</a></li>
|
||
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C4551998%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (80)</a></li>
|
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<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C4551998%5bDISCUI%5d&filter=method%3A2%5F19" target="_blank">Targeted variant analysis (25)</a></li>
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<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C4551998%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (92)</a></total></li>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(brain%20small%20vessel%20disease%201%20with%20or%20without%20ocular%20anomalies)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
|
||
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_115">
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Molecular_resources">Molecular resources</h1><a sid="115" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="http://www.omim.org/search?index=entry&start=1&limit=10&sort=score%20desc&field=number&search=120130" target="_blank">OMIM</a></li><li><a href="/clinvar/?term=1282[geneid]" target="_blank">View COL4A1 variations in ClinVar</a></li><li><a href="/nuccore/224809507" target="_blank">RefSeqGene</a></li><li><a href="https://catalog.coriell.org/Search?q=175780" target="_blank">Coriell Institute for Medical Research</a></li></ul></div>
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<a href="/pubmed/20301768" ref="ncbi_uid=&discoId=gtr_reviews&linkpos=1&linkpostotal=3" target="_blank"><span class="gene_reviews">GeneReviews</span></a>
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<a href="/pubmed?term=Brain%20small%20vessel%20disease%201%20with%20or%20without%20ocular%20anomalies%20AND%20humans[mesh]%20AND%20review[publication%20type]" ref="ncbi_uid=&discoId=gtr_reviews&linkpos=3&linkpostotal=3" target="_blank">Reviews in PubMed</a>
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<!-- MedGen supplemental column ends here -->
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<h3>Related information</h3>
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<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&from_uid=1647320" ref="log$=recordlinks">ClinVar</a>
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<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related medical variations</div>
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<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related information in GTR</div>
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<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Clinical tests in GTR</div>
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<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Links to PubMed based on citations in GeneReviews and Medical Genetics Summaries</div>
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<li class="brieflinkpopper">
|
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<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed?LinkName=medgen_pubmed_genereviews&from_uid=1647320" ref="log$=recordlinks">PubMed (GeneReviews)</a>
|
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<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">GeneReviews in PubMed</div>
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</li>
|
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<li class="brieflinkpopper">
|
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<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/pubmed?LinkName=medgen_pubmed_omim&from_uid=1647320" ref="log$=recordlinks">PubMed (OMIM)</a>
|
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<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related literature resources in PubMed</div>
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<a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=1" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67cb49a6b15b832ebcd87a50">Brain small vessel disease 1 with or without ocular anomalies</a>
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<div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Brain small vessel disease 1 with or without ocular anomalies<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div>
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<div class="tertiary">MedGen</div>
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<a class="htb" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=2" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67cb49a2f4a390645e0e1889">C4551998[conceptid] <span class="number">(1)</span></a>
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<a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=3" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67cb49a0a68b6b5afc44ec60">C4478940[trait identifier] AND "Illumina Laboratory Services, Ill... <span class="number">(1)</span></a>
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<div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">C4478940[trait identifier] AND "Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina"[submitter]<div class="brieflinkpopdesc">Search</div></div>
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<div class="tertiary">ClinVar</div>
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<a class="htb ralinkpopperctrl" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=4" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67cb499f84f3725e5909307f">Brain malformations with or without urinary tract defects</a>
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<div class="ralinkpop offscreen_noflow">Brain malformations with or without urinary tract defects<div class="brieflinkpopdesc"></div></div>
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<div class="tertiary">MedGen</div>
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<a class="htb" ref="log$=activity&linkpos=5" href="/portal/utils/pageresolver.fcgi?recordid=67cb499bf4a390645e0def68">C4478940[conceptid] <span class="number">(1)</span></a>
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<div class="tertiary">MedGen</div>
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