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<meta name="keywords" content="C3550921, aplasia cutis congenita, reticulolinear, with microcephaly, facial dysmorphism, and other congenital anomalies, aplcc, cox7b, cox7b microphthalmia with linear skin defects syndrome, disease or syndrome, linear skin defects with multiple congenital anomalies 2, linear skin defects with multiple congenital anomalies 2, x-linked dominant, linear skin defects with multiple congenital anomalies type 2, lsdmca2, microphthalmia with linear skin defects syndrome caused by mutation in cox7b, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="Microphthalmia with linear skin defects (MLS) syndrome is characterized by unilateral or bilateral microphthalmia and/or anophthalmia and linear skin defects, usually involving the face and neck, which are present at birth and heal with age, leaving minimal residual scarring. Other findings can include a wide variety of other ocular abnormalities (e.g., corneal anomalies, orbital cysts, cataracts), central nervous system involvement (e.g., structural anomalies, developmental delay, infantile seizures), cardiac concerns (e.g., hypertrophic or oncocytic cardiomyopathy, atrial or ventricular septal defects, arrhythmias), short stature, diaphragmatic hernia, nail dystrophy, hearing impairment, and genitourinary malformations. Inter- and intrafamilial variability is described." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<title>Linear skin defects with multiple congenital anomalies 2 (Concept Id: C3550921)
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<!--
UID=763835
ConceptID=C3550921
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 3--><div class="ncbi_carousel" data-ncbicarousel-config="imageWidth:'100px',numItemsVisible:2,toggler:false"><div class="nc_header"><span class="img_strip_title">Images (3)</span></div><div class="nc_content"><div class="nc_item"><a class="figpopup"><img alt="Image from GeneReviews" src="/books/NBK7041/bin/microph-lsd-Image002.gif" src-large="/books/NBK7041/bin/microph-lsd-Image002.jpg" /></a><br /><a href="/books/NBK7041/figure/microph-lsd.F2/" title="GeneReviews" target="_blank">details</a></div><div class="nc_item"><a class="figpopup"><img alt="Image from GeneReviews" src="/books/NBK7041/bin/microph-lsd-Image001.gif" src-large="/books/NBK7041/bin/microph-lsd-Image001.jpg" /></a><br /><a href="/books/NBK7041/figure/microph-lsd.F1/" title="GeneReviews" target="_blank">details</a></div><div class="nc_item"><a class="figpopup"><img alt="Image from GeneReviews" src="/books/NBK7041/bin/microph-lsd-Image003.gif" src-large="/books/NBK7041/bin/microph-lsd-Image003.jpg" /></a><br /><a href="/books/NBK7041/figure/microph-lsd.F3/" title="GeneReviews" target="_blank">details</a></div></div></div><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Linear skin defects with multiple congenital anomalies 2<span class="h1sub">(LSDMCA2)</span></div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>763835</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C3550921</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonym:</td>
<td>LSDMCA2</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td><a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-loc">Gene (location):<img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div class="display-none" id="target-gene-loc">
Gene(s) directly associated with<br />
this condition or phenotype.</div></td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="COX7B - ID: 1349 - NCBI Gene" href="/gene/1349" class="medgenPMinfo">COX7B</a> (Xq21.1)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0010474" target="_blank">MONDO:0010474</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/300887" target="_blank">300887</a></td></tr>
</tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_101">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Disease_characteristics">Disease characteristics</h1><a sid="101" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><div class="excerpt">Excerpted from the <i>GeneReview: </i><a href="/books/NBK7041" target="_blank">Microphthalmia with Linear Skin Defects Syndrome</a></div><div>Microphthalmia with linear skin defects (MLS) syndrome is characterized by unilateral or bilateral microphthalmia and/or anophthalmia and linear skin defects, usually involving the face and neck, which are present at birth and heal with age, leaving minimal residual scarring. Other findings can include a wide variety of other ocular abnormalities (e.g., corneal anomalies, orbital cysts, cataracts), central nervous system involvement (e.g., structural anomalies, developmental delay, infantile seizures), cardiac concerns (e.g., hypertrophic or oncocytic cardiomyopathy, atrial or ventricular septal defects, arrhythmias), short stature, diaphragmatic hernia, nail dystrophy, hearing impairment, and genitourinary malformations. Inter- and intrafamilial variability is described. [from <a title="GeneReviews" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1116" class="defSource" target="_blank">GeneReviews</a>]</div><div class="spaceAbove"><strong>Full text of <i>GeneReview</i> (by section):</strong><br /><a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7041#microph-lsd.Summary" target="NBK7041">Summary</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7041#microph-lsd.Diagnosis" target="NBK7041">Diagnosis</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7041#microph-lsd.Clinical_Characteristics" target="NBK7041">Clinical Characteristics</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7041#microph-lsd.Genetically_Related_Allelic" target="NBK7041">Genetically Related (Allelic) Disorders</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7041#microph-lsd.Differential_Diagnosis" target="NBK7041">Differential Diagnosis</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7041#microph-lsd.Management" target="NBK7041">Management</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7041#microph-lsd.Genetic_Counseling" target="NBK7041">Genetic Counseling</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7041#microph-lsd.Resources" target="NBK7041">Resources</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7041#microph-lsd.Molecular_Genetics" target="NBK7041">Molecular Genetics</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7041#microph-lsd.References" target="NBK7041">References</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK7041#microph-lsd.Chapter_Notes" target="NBK7041">Chapter Notes</a></div><div class="spaceAbove"><strong>Authors:</strong><br />
Manuela Morleo  |  Brunella Franco   <a href="/books/NBK7041" target="NBK7041" title="NCBI Bookshelf: Microphthalmia with Linear Skin Defects Syndrome">view full author information</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_102">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_features">Clinical features</h1><a sid="102" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat"><strong>From HPO</strong><br />
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_374376"><div><strong>Sandal gap</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>374376</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1840069</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A widely spaced gap between the first toe (the great toe) and the second toe.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/374376">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Sandal%20gap%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20374376%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_6753"><div><strong>Atrial septal defect</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>6753</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0018817</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital abnormality of the interatrial septum that enables blood flow between the left and right atria via the interatrial septum.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/6753">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Atrial%20septal%20defect%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%206753%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_21498"><div><strong>Tetralogy of Fallot</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>21498</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0039685</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">People with CCHD have one or more specific heart defects. The heart defects classified as CCHD include coarctation of the aorta, double-outlet right ventricle, D-transposition of the great arteries, Ebstein anomaly, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, interrupted aortic arch, pulmonary atresia with intact septum, single ventricle, total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, tetralogy of Fallot, tricuspid atresia, and truncus arteriosus.\n\nEach of the heart defects associated with CCHD affects the flow of blood into, out of, or through the heart. Some of the heart defects involve structures within the heart itself, such as the two lower chambers of the heart (the ventricles) or the valves that control blood flow through the heart. Others affect the structure of the large blood vessels leading into and out of the heart (including the aorta and pulmonary artery). Still others involve a combination of these structural abnormalities.\n\nSome people with treated CCHD have few related health problems later in life. However, long-term effects of CCHD can include delayed development and reduced stamina during exercise. Adults with these heart defects have an increased risk of abnormal heart rhythms, heart failure, sudden cardiac arrest, stroke, and premature death.\n\nAlthough babies with CCHD may appear healthy for the first few hours or days of life, signs and symptoms soon become apparent. These can include an abnormal heart sound during a heartbeat (heart murmur), rapid breathing (tachypnea), low blood pressure (hypotension), low levels of oxygen in the blood (hypoxemia), and a blue or purple tint to the skin caused by a shortage of oxygen (cyanosis). If untreated, CCHD can lead to shock, coma, and death. However, most people with CCHD now survive past infancy due to improvements in early detection, diagnosis, and treatment.\n\nCritical congenital heart disease (CCHD) is a term that refers to a group of serious heart defects that are present from birth. These abnormalities result from problems with the formation of one or more parts of the heart during the early stages of embryonic development. CCHD prevents the heart from pumping blood effectively or reduces the amount of oxygen in the blood. As a result, organs and tissues throughout the body do not receive enough oxygen, which can lead to organ damage and life-threatening complications. Individuals with CCHD usually require surgery soon after birth.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/21498">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Tetralogy%20of%20Fallot%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2021498%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_87400"><div><strong>Ventricular hypertrophy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>87400</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0340279</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Enlargement of the cardiac ventricular muscle tissue with increase in the width of the wall of the ventricle and loss of elasticity. Ventricular hypertrophy is clinically differentiated into left and right ventricular hypertrophy.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/87400">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Ventricular%20hypertrophy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2087400%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_425404"><div><strong>Pulmonary arterial hypertension</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>425404</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C2973725</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Pulmonary hypertension is defined mean pulmonary artery pressure of 25mmHg or more and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure of 15mmHg or less when measured by right heart catheterisation at rest and in a supine position.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/425404">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Pulmonary%20arterial%20hypertension%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20425404%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_87607"><div><strong>Short stature</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>87607</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0349588</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/87607">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Short%20stature%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2087607%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_96566"><div><strong>Posteriorly rotated ears</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>96566</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0431478</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A type of abnormal location of the ears in which the position of the ears is characterized by posterior rotation (the superior part of the ears is rotated towards the back of the head, and the inferior part of the ears towards the front).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/96566">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Posteriorly%20rotated%20ears%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2096566%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_104498"><div><strong>Corpus callosum, agenesis of</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>104498</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0175754</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The corpus callosum is the largest fiber tract in the central nervous system and the major interhemispheric fiber bundle in the brain. Formation of the corpus callosum begins as early as 6 weeks' gestation, with the first fibers crossing the midline at 11 to 12 weeks' gestation, and completion of the basic shape by age 18 to 20 weeks (Schell-Apacik et al., 2008). Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is one of the most frequent malformations in brain with a reported incidence ranging between 0.5 and 70 in 10,000 births. ACC is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous condition, which can be observed either as an isolated condition or as a manifestation in the context of a congenital syndrome (see MOLECULAR GENETICS and Dobyns, 1996). Also see mirror movements-1 and/or agenesis of the corpus callosum (MRMV1; 157600).&#13; Schell-Apacik et al. (2008) noted that there is confusion in the literature regarding radiologic terminology concerning partial absence of the corpus callosum, where various designations have been used, including hypogenesis, hypoplasia, partial agenesis, or dysgenesis.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/104498">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Corpus%20callosum%2C%20agenesis%20of%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20104498%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_138005"><div><strong>Hypoplasia of the corpus callosum</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>138005</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0344482</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Underdevelopment of the corpus callosum.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/138005">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypoplasia%20of%20the%20corpus%20callosum%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20138005%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_107838"><div><strong>Global developmental delay</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>107838</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0557874</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A delay in the achievement of motor or mental milestones in the domains of development of a child, including motor skills, speech and language, cognitive skills, and social and emotional skills. This term should only be used to describe children younger than five years of age.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/107838">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Global%20developmental%20delay%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20107838%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_224820"><div><strong>Delayed myelination</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>224820</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1277241</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Delayed myelination.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/224820">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Delayed%20myelination%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20224820%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_811461"><div><strong>Intellectual disability</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>811461</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3714756</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Intellectual disability, previously referred to as mental retardation, is characterized by subnormal intellectual functioning that occurs during the developmental period. It is defined by an IQ score below 70.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/811461">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Intellectual%20disability%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20811461%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_68625"><div><strong>Congenital diaphragmatic hernia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>68625</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0235833</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of a hernia of the diaphragm present at birth.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/68625">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Congenital%20diaphragmatic%20hernia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2068625%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1644158"><div><strong>Microcephaly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1644158</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4551563</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Head circumference below 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1644158">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Microcephaly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201644158%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_65991"><div><strong>High forehead</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>65991</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0239676</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An abnormally increased height of the forehead.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/65991">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22High%20forehead%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2065991%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_343052"><div><strong>Short nose</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>343052</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1854114</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Distance from nasion to subnasale more than two standard deviations below the mean, or alternatively, an apparently decreased length from the nasal root to the nasal tip.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/343052">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Short%20nose%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20343052%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_351278"><div><strong>Long philtrum</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>351278</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1865014</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border more than 2 SD above the mean. Alternatively, an apparently increased distance between nasal base and midline upper lip vermilion border.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/351278">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Long%20philtrum%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20351278%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_358357"><div><strong>Highly arched eyebrow</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>358357</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1868571</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Increased height of the central portion of the eyebrow, forming a crescent, semicircular, or inverted U shape.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/358357">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Highly%20arched%20eyebrow%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20358357%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_784514"><div><strong>Short chin</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>784514</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3697248</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Decreased vertical distance from the vermilion border of the lower lip to the inferior-most point of the chin.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/784514">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Short%20chin%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20784514%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_66368"><div><strong>Nail dystrophy</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>66368</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0221260</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Onychodystrophy (nail dystrophy) refers to nail changes apart from changes of the color (nail dyschromia) and involves partial or complete disruption of the various keratinous layers of the nail plate.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/66368">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Nail%20dystrophy%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2066368%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_79390"><div><strong>Aplasia cutis congenita</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>79390</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0282160</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) is defined as congenital localized absence of skin. The skin appears as a thin, transparent membrane through which the underlying structures are visible. The location is usually on the scalp (Evers et al., 1995). Approximately 20 to 30% of cases have underlying osseous involvement (Elliott and Teebi, 1997). Autosomal dominant inheritance is most common, but recessive inheritance has also been reported.&#13; Cutaneous aplasia of the scalp vertex also occurs in Johanson-Blizzard syndrome (243800) and Adams-Oliver syndrome (AOS; 100300). A defect in the scalp is sometimes found in cases of trisomy 13 and in about 15% of cases of deletion of the short arm of chromosome 4, the Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS; 194190) (Hirschhorn et al., 1965; Fryns et al., 1973).&#13; Evers et al. (1995) provided a list of disorders associated with aplasia cutis congenita, classified according to etiology. They also tabulated points of particular significance in history taking and examination of patients with ACC.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/79390">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Aplasia%20cutis%20congenita%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2079390%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_870442"><div><strong>Asymmetric, linear skin defects</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>870442</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4024888</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/870442">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Asymmetric%2C%20linear%20skin%20defects%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20870442%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_473489"><div><strong>Wide intermamillary distance</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>473489</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1827524</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A larger than usual distance between the left and right nipple.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/473489">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Wide%20intermamillary%20distance%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20473489%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_9373"><div><strong>Hypertelorism</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>9373</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0020534</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Although hypertelorism means an excessive distance between any paired organs (e.g., the nipples), the use of the word has come to be confined to ocular hypertelorism. Hypertelorism occurs as an isolated feature and is also a feature of many syndromes, e.g., Opitz G syndrome (see 300000), Greig cephalopolysyndactyly (175700), and Noonan syndrome (163950) (summary by Cohen et al., 1995).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/9373">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypertelorism%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%209373%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_10033"><div><strong>Microphthalmia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10033</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0026010</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Microphthalmia is an eye abnormality that arises before birth. In this condition, one or both eyeballs are abnormally small. In some affected individuals, the eyeball may appear to be completely missing; however, even in these cases some remaining eye tissue is generally present. Such severe microphthalmia should be distinguished from another condition called anophthalmia, in which no eyeball forms at all. However, the terms anophthalmia and severe microphthalmia are often used interchangeably. Microphthalmia may or may not result in significant vision loss.\n\nPeople with microphthalmia may also have a condition called coloboma. Colobomas are missing pieces of tissue in structures that form the eye. They may appear as notches or gaps in the colored part of the eye called the iris; the retina, which is the specialized light-sensitive tissue that lines the back of the eye; the blood vessel layer under the retina called the choroid; or in the optic nerves, which carry information from the eyes to the brain. Colobomas may be present in one or both eyes and, depending on their size and location, can affect a person's vision.\n\nPeople with microphthalmia may also have other eye abnormalities, including clouding of the lens of the eye (cataract) and a narrowed opening of the eye (narrowed palpebral fissure). Additionally, affected individuals may have an abnormality called microcornea, in which the clear front covering of the eye (cornea) is small and abnormally curved.\n\nBetween one-third and one-half of affected individuals have microphthalmia as part of a syndrome that affects other organs and tissues in the body. These forms of the condition are described as syndromic. When microphthalmia occurs by itself, it is described as nonsyndromic or isolated.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/10033">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Microphthalmia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2010033%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_44558"><div><strong>Myopia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>44558</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0027092</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Nearsightedness, also known as myopia, is an eye condition that causes blurry distance vision. People who are nearsighted have more trouble seeing things that are far away (such as when driving) than things that are close up (such as when reading or using a computer). If it is not treated with corrective lenses or surgery, nearsightedness can lead to squinting, eyestrain, headaches, and significant visual impairment.\n\nNearsightedness usually begins in childhood or adolescence. It tends to worsen with age until adulthood, when it may stop getting worse (stabilize). In some people, nearsightedness improves in later adulthood.\n\nFor normal vision, light passes through the clear cornea at the front of the eye and is focused by the lens onto the surface of the retina, which is the lining of the back of the eye that contains light-sensing cells. People who are nearsighted typically have eyeballs that are too long from front to back. As a result, light entering the eye is focused too far forward, in front of the retina instead of on its surface. It is this change that causes distant objects to appear blurry. The longer the eyeball is, the farther forward light rays will be focused and the more severely nearsighted a person will be.\n\nNearsightedness is measured by how powerful a lens must be to correct it. The standard unit of lens power is called a diopter. Negative (minus) powered lenses are used to correct nearsightedness. The more severe a person's nearsightedness, the larger the number of diopters required for correction. In an individual with nearsightedness, one eye may be more nearsighted than the other.\n\nEye doctors often refer to nearsightedness less than -5 or -6 diopters as "common myopia." Nearsightedness of -6 diopters or more is commonly called "high myopia." This distinction is important because high myopia increases a person's risk of developing other eye problems that can lead to permanent vision loss or blindness. These problems include tearing and detachment of the retina, clouding of the lens (cataract), and an eye disease called glaucoma that is usually related to increased pressure within the eye. The risk of these other eye problems increases with the severity of the nearsightedness. The term "pathological myopia" is used to describe cases in which high myopia leads to tissue damage within the eye.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/44558">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Myopia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2044558%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_108218"><div><strong>Optic disc pallor</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>108218</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0554970</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A pale yellow discoloration of the optic disc (the area of the optic nerve head in the retina). The optic disc normally has a pinkish hue with a central yellowish depression.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/108218">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Optic%20disc%20pallor%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20108218%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_777085"><div><strong>Visual impairment</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>777085</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3665347</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Visual impairment (or vision impairment) is vision loss (of a person) to such a degree as to qualify as an additional support need through a significant limitation of visual capability resulting from either disease, trauma, or congenital or degenerative conditions that cannot be corrected by conventional means, such as refractive correction, medication, or surgery.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/777085">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Visual%20impairment%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20777085%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div><div class="TreeLite" data-jigconfig="closed: 1"><div class="concept-def"><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().openAll(); return false;">Show all</a><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().closeAll(); return false;">Hide all</a></div><ul><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of head or neck</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_65991" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">High forehead</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_358357" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Highly arched eyebrow</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_351278" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Long philtrum</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_784514" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Short chin</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_343052" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Short nose</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of limbs</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_374376" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Sandal gap</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the breast</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_473489" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Wide intermamillary distance</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the cardiovascular system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_6753" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Atrial septal defect</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_425404" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Pulmonary arterial hypertension</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_21498" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Tetralogy of Fallot</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_87400" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Ventricular hypertrophy</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the eye</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_9373" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypertelorism</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_10033" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Microphthalmia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_44558" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Myopia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_108218" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Optic disc pallor</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_777085" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Visual impairment</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the integument</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_79390" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Aplasia cutis congenita</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_870442" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Asymmetric, linear skin defects</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_66368" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Nail dystrophy</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_68625" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Congenital diaphragmatic hernia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1644158" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Microcephaly</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the nervous system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_104498" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Corpus callosum, agenesis of</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_224820" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Delayed myelination</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_107838" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Global developmental delay</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_138005" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypoplasia of the corpus callosum</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_811461" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Intellectual disability</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Ear malformation</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_96566" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Posteriorly rotated ears</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Growth abnormality</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_87607" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Short stature</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Clinical test">C</span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="OMIM">O</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="GeneReviews">G</span><span class="chiclet unavailable" title="ClinVar">V</span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/946288" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=946288&amp;link_uid=946288" title="View MedGen record for 'Linear skin defects with multiple congenital anomalies'">Linear skin defects with multiple congenital anomalies</a></span><ul><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0796070[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=163210">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=163210" target="_blank" href="/omim/300056">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK7041/" ref="ncbi_uid=163210">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=163210" ref="ncbi_uid=163210">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/163210" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=163210&amp;link_uid=163210" title="View MedGen record for 'Linear skin defects with multiple congenital anomalies 1'">Linear skin defects with multiple congenital anomalies 1</a></span></li><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C3550921[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=763835">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=763835" target="_blank" href="/omim/300885">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK7041/" ref="ncbi_uid=763835">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=763835" ref="ncbi_uid=763835">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline">Linear skin defects with multiple congenital anomalies 2</span></li><li class="TLclosed"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C4225421[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=906997">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=906997" target="_blank" href="/omim/300403">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK7041/" ref="ncbi_uid=906997">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=906997" ref="ncbi_uid=906997">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/906997" ref="tree=GTR&amp;ncbi_uid=906997&amp;link_uid=906997" title="View MedGen record for 'Linear skin defects with multiple congenital anomalies 3'">Linear skin defects with multiple congenital anomalies 3</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/1843028" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Malformation syndrome with skin/mucosae involvement">Malformation syndrome with skin/mucosae involvement</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/946288" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Linear skin defects with multiple congenital anomalies">Linear skin defects with multiple congenital anomalies</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Linear skin defects with multiple congenital anomalies 2</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38379863">Continuous glucose monitoring and advanced glycation endproducts for prediction of clinical outcomes and development of cystic fibrosis-related diabetes in adults with CF.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Scully KJ,
Brenner L,
Martin K,
Ruazol M,
Sawicki GS,
Uluer A,
Neuringer I,
Yonker LM,
Sicilian L,
Putman MS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)</span>
2024;15:1293709.
Epub 2024 Feb 6
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1293709.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38379863" target="_blank">38379863</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10876871" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36313953">Focal Dermal Hypoplasia with Osteopathia Striata.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Almashaqbeh SS,
Aljammal DS,
Alharahsheh HM,
Alqudah SF,
Alkrimeen RA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Med Arch</span>
2022 Aug;76(4):301-304.
doi: 10.5455/medarh.2022.76.301-304.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36313953" target="_blank">36313953</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9559906" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24246682">Decreased bone mineral density in Costello syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Leoni C,
Stevenson DA,
Martini L,
De Sanctis R,
Mascolo G,
Pantaleoni F,
De Santis S,
La Torraca I,
Persichilli S,
Caradonna P,
Tartaglia M,
Zampino G</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Mol Genet Metab</span>
2014 Jan;111(1):41-5.
Epub 2013 Aug 16
doi: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2013.08.007.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24246682" target="_blank">24246682</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/23513358">Aplasia cutis congenita--a case study of a family with two siblings with this disorder.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Anderson SM</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">S D Med</span>
2013 Feb;66(2):48-50.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/23513358" target="_blank">23513358</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/12736631">Encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis: a neurocutaneous syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Brown KE,
Goldstein SM,
Douglas RS,
Katowitz JA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J AAPOS</span>
2003 Apr;7(2):148-9.
doi: 10.1016/mpa.2003.S1091853103000120.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/12736631" target="_blank">12736631</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Linear%20skin%20defects%20with%20multiple%20congenital%20anomalies%202%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (14)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38379863">Continuous glucose monitoring and advanced glycation endproducts for prediction of clinical outcomes and development of cystic fibrosis-related diabetes in adults with CF.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Scully KJ,
Brenner L,
Martin K,
Ruazol M,
Sawicki GS,
Uluer A,
Neuringer I,
Yonker LM,
Sicilian L,
Putman MS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)</span>
2024;15:1293709.
Epub 2024 Feb 6
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1293709.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38379863" target="_blank">38379863</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10876871" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36313953">Focal Dermal Hypoplasia with Osteopathia Striata.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Almashaqbeh SS,
Aljammal DS,
Alharahsheh HM,
Alqudah SF,
Alkrimeen RA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Med Arch</span>
2022 Aug;76(4):301-304.
doi: 10.5455/medarh.2022.76.301-304.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36313953" target="_blank">36313953</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9559906" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24096629">Congenital linear streaks on the face and neck and microphthalmia in an infant girl.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kluger N,
Bouissou A,
Tauzin L,
Puechberty J,
Dereure O</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Derm Venereol</span>
2014 May;94(3):342-3.
doi: 10.2340/00015555-1688.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24096629" target="_blank">24096629</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22323875">Hereditary sclerosing poikiloderma.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lee HJ,
Shin DH,
Choi JS,
Kim KH</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Korean Med Sci</span>
2012 Feb;27(2):225-7.
Epub 2012 Jan 27
doi: 10.3346/jkms.2012.27.2.225.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22323875" target="_blank">22323875</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC3271301" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/21200317">Pseudotail as a feature of microphthalmia with linear skin defects syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Alberry MS,
Juvanic G,
Crolla J,
Soothill P,
Newbury-Ecob R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Dysmorphol</span>
2011 Apr;20(2):111-113.
doi: 10.1097/MCD.0b013e328342eb66.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/21200317" target="_blank">21200317</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Linear%20skin%20defects%20with%20multiple%20congenital%20anomalies%202%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (26)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38110600">Preoperative sleep-disordered breathing and craniofacial abnormalities are risk factors for postoperative sleep-disordered breathing in patients undergoing skin-flap oropharyngeal reconstruction surgery for oral cavity cancer: a prospective case-control study.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Yoshikawa F,
Nozaki-Taguchi N,
Yamamoto A,
Tanaka N,
Tanzawa A,
Uzawa K,
Isono S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Sleep Breath</span>
2024 May;28(2):797-806.
Epub 2023 Dec 18
doi: 10.1007/s11325-023-02962-6.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38110600" target="_blank">38110600</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/29381910">Somatic KRAS mutation in an infant with linear nevus sebaceous syndrome associated with lymphatic malformations: A case report and literature review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Lihua J,
Feng G,
Shanshan M,
Jialu X,
Kewen J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Medicine (Baltimore)</span>
2017 Nov;96(47):e8016.
doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000008016.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/29381910" target="_blank">29381910</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC5708909" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10398262">Linear lesions reflecting lyonization in women heterozygous for IFAP syndrome (ichthyosis follicularis with atrichia and photophobia).</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">König A,
Happle R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet</span>
1999 Aug 6;85(4):365-8.
doi: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8628(19990806)85:4&lt;365::aid-ajmg12&gt;3.0.co;2-#.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10398262" target="_blank">10398262</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Linear%20skin%20defects%20with%20multiple%20congenital%20anomalies%202%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (3)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38379863">Continuous glucose monitoring and advanced glycation endproducts for prediction of clinical outcomes and development of cystic fibrosis-related diabetes in adults with CF.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Scully KJ,
Brenner L,
Martin K,
Ruazol M,
Sawicki GS,
Uluer A,
Neuringer I,
Yonker LM,
Sicilian L,
Putman MS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)</span>
2024;15:1293709.
Epub 2024 Feb 6
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1293709.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38379863" target="_blank">38379863</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10876871" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/37792006">Visceral adiposity in patients with lipomatous hypertrophy of the interatrial septum.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Mallio CA,
Di Gennaro G,
Greco F,
Pescosolido A,
Bernetti C,
Piccolo CL,
Buffa V,
Quattrocchi CC,
Beomonte Zobel B</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Heart Vessels</span>
2024 Feb;39(2):160-166.
Epub 2023 Oct 4
doi: 10.1007/s00380-023-02319-9.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/37792006" target="_blank">37792006</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/36317804">Lethal respiratory course and additional features expand the phenotypic spectrum of PIEZO2-related distal arthrogryposis type 5.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Oliwa A,
Hendson G,
Longman C,
Synnes A,
Seath K,
Barnicoat A,
Hall JG,
Patel MS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Med Genet A</span>
2023 Feb;191(2):546-553.
Epub 2022 Nov 1
doi: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63019.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/36317804" target="_blank">36317804</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/21200317">Pseudotail as a feature of microphthalmia with linear skin defects syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Alberry MS,
Juvanic G,
Crolla J,
Soothill P,
Newbury-Ecob R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Clin Dysmorphol</span>
2011 Apr;20(2):111-113.
doi: 10.1097/MCD.0b013e328342eb66.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/21200317" target="_blank">21200317</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/17286317">Microphthalmia with linear skin defects (MLS) syndrome evaluated by prenatal karyotyping, FISH and array comparative genomic hybridization.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cain CC,
Saul D,
Attanasio L,
Oehler E,
Hamosh A,
Blakemore K,
Stetten G</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Prenat Diagn</span>
2007 Apr;27(4):373-9.
doi: 10.1002/pd.1674.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/17286317" target="_blank">17286317</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Linear%20skin%20defects%20with%20multiple%20congenital%20anomalies%202%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (9)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/38379863">Continuous glucose monitoring and advanced glycation endproducts for prediction of clinical outcomes and development of cystic fibrosis-related diabetes in adults with CF.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Scully KJ,
Brenner L,
Martin K,
Ruazol M,
Sawicki GS,
Uluer A,
Neuringer I,
Yonker LM,
Sicilian L,
Putman MS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)</span>
2024;15:1293709.
Epub 2024 Feb 6
doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1293709.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/38379863" target="_blank">38379863</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC10876871" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/33670341">Linear Skin Defects with Multiple Congenital Anomalies (LSDMCA): An Unconventional Mitochondrial Disorder.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Indrieri A,
Franco B</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Genes (Basel)</span>
2021 Feb 11;12(2)
doi: 10.3390/genes12020263.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/33670341" target="_blank">33670341</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7918533" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/28249776">Lack of interaction between NEMO and SHARPIN impairs linear ubiquitination and NF-κB activation and leads to incontinentia pigmenti.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Bal E,
Laplantine E,
Hamel Y,
Dubosclard V,
Boisson B,
Pescatore A,
Picard C,
Hadj-Rabia S,
Royer G,
Steffann J,
Bonnefont JP,
Ursini VM,
Vabres P,
Munnich A,
Casanova JL,
Bodemer C,
Weil R,
Agou F,
Smahi A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Allergy Clin Immunol</span>
2017 Dec;140(6):1671-1682.e2.
Epub 2017 Feb 27
doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.11.056.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/28249776" target="_blank">28249776</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/22612277">Microphthalmia with linear skin defects syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">García-Rabasco A,
De-Unamuno B,
Martínez F,
Febrer-Bosch I,
Alegre-de-Miquel V</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Dermatol</span>
2013 Nov-Dec;30(6):e230-1.
Epub 2012 May 21
doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1470.2012.01735.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/22612277" target="_blank">22612277</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/3547011">Nevoid basal-cell carcinoma syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gorlin RJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Medicine (Baltimore)</span>
1987 Mar;66(2):98-113.
doi: 10.1097/00005792-198703000-00002.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/3547011" target="_blank">3547011</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Linear%20skin%20defects%20with%20multiple%20congenital%20anomalies%202%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (15)</a></div></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C3550921%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (12)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C3550921%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (13)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C3550921%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F19" target="_blank">Targeted variant analysis (3)</a></li>
<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C3550921%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (15)</a></total></li>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://www.malacards.org/card/linear_skin_defects_with_multiple_congenital_anomalies_2" target="_blank">MalaCards</a></li><li><a href="https://vsearch.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?v:project=medlineplus&amp;query=Linear%20skin%20defects%20with%20multiple%20congenital%20anomalies%202" target="_blank">MedlinePlus</a></li><li><a href="https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/15272/disease" target="_blank">NCATS Office of Rare Diseases Research (GARD)</a></li></ul></div>
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