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<meta name="keywords" content="C0265267, child (congenital hemidysplasia, ichthyosiform erythroderma, limb defects) syndrome, child nevus, child syndrome, child syndrome, x-linked dominant, congenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform erythroderma and limb defects, congenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform erythroderma and limb defects syndrome, congenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform nevus and limb defects, congenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform nevus and limbs defects, disease or syndrome, ichthyosiform erythroderma, unilateral, with ipsilateral malformations, especially absence deformity of limbs, ichthyosis, child syndrome, nsdhl, autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, birth defects, chromosomal disease, chromosome, clinical features, clinical findings, clinical genetics, clinical recommendations, clinvar, congenital chromosomal disease, consumer genetic resources, cytogenetic location, disease characteristics, disease definitions, disease descriptions, disease ontology, disease synonyms, disease vocabulary, dysmorphology, entrez, familial disease, gene, gene-disease relationship, genereviews, genetic disease, genetic disorder, genetic terminology, genetic testing registry, genetics home reference, genomic disease, gtr, hereditary disease, heritable disease, hpo, human phenotype ontology, inherited disease, management guidelines, maternal inheritance, medgen, medical genetics, medical subject headings, mesh, mitochondrial inheritance, mode of inheritance, national center for biotechnology information, national institutes of health, national library of medicine, ncbi, nih, nlm, omim, ordo, orphanet, paternal inheritance, phenome, position statements, professional practice guidelines, rare disease, reference sequence, refseq, snomed ct, syndrome, undiagnosed diseases, x-linked recessive" /><meta name="description" content="NSDHL-related disorders include CHILD (congenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform nevus and limb defects) syndrome, an X-linked disorder that is usually male lethal during gestation and thus predominantly affects females; and CK syndrome, an X-linked disorder that affects males. CHILD syndrome is characterized by unilateral distribution of ichthyosiform skin lesions and ipsilateral limb defects that range from shortening of the metacarpals and phalanges to absence of the entire limb. Intellect is usually normal. The ichthyosiform skin lesions are usually present at birth or in the first weeks of life; new lesions can develop in later life. Onychodystrophy and periungual hyperkeratosis are common. Heart, lung, and kidney malformations can also occur. CK syndrome is characterized by mild-to-severe cognitive impairment and behavior problems (aggression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD], and irritability). All reported affected males have developed seizures in infancy and have cerebral cortical malformations and microcephaly. All have distinctive facial features, a thin habitus, and relatively long, thin fingers and toes. Some have scoliosis and kyphosis. Strabismus is common. Optic atrophy is also reported." /><meta name="robots" content="index,nofollow,noarchive" />
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<title>Child syndrome (Concept Id: C0265267)
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<!--
UID=82697
ConceptID=C0265267
-->
<!--imgCountBooks = 2--><div class="ncbi_carousel" data-ncbicarousel-config="imageWidth:'100px',numItemsVisible:2,toggler:false"><div class="nc_header"><span class="img_strip_title">Images (2)</span></div><div class="nc_content"><div class="nc_item"><a class="figpopup"><img alt="Image from GeneReviews" src="/books/NBK51754/bin/nsdhl-dis-Image002.gif" src-large="/books/NBK51754/bin/nsdhl-dis-Image002.jpg" /></a><br /><a href="/books/NBK51754/figure/nsdhl-dis.F2/" title="GeneReviews" target="_blank">details</a></div><div class="nc_item"><a class="figpopup"><img alt="Image from GeneReviews" src="/books/NBK51754/bin/nsdhl-dis-Image001.gif" src-large="/books/NBK51754/bin/nsdhl-dis-Image001.jpg" /></a><br /><a href="/books/NBK51754/figure/nsdhl-dis.F1/" title="GeneReviews" target="_blank">details</a></div></div></div><h1 class="medgenTitle"><div class="MedGenTitleText">Child syndrome</div></h1><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>82697</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information."><span class="highlight" style="background-color:">C0265267</span></a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div><table class="medgenTable"><tbody><tr><td>Synonyms:</td>
<td>Congenital Hemidysplasia with Ichthyosiform nevus and Limb Defects; Ichthyosis, CHILD syndrome</td></tr>
<tr><td><span class="bold">SNOMED CT: </span></td>
<td>Congenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform erythroderma and limb defects syndrome (17608003); CHILD syndrome (17608003); CHILD (congenital hemidysplasia, ichthyosiform erythroderma, limb defects) syndrome (17608003)</td></tr>
<tr><td>Modes of inheritance:</td>
<td>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="moi_376232"><div><strong>X-linked dominant inheritance</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>376232</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1847879</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Source: Orphanet</div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A mode of inheritance that is observed for dominant traits related to a gene encoded on the X chromosome. In the context of medical genetics, X-linked dominant disorders tend to manifest very severely in affected males. The severity of manifestation in females may depend on the degree of skewed X inactivation.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/376232">This record</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="moi_988794"><div><strong>Not genetically inherited</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>988794</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier assigned by MedGen (starting with CN) for terms&#10;that cannot be identified in NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">CN307044</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Source: Orphanet</div>
<div class="spaceAbove">clinical entity without genetic inheritance.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/988794">This record</a></div></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#moi_376232" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">X-linked dominant inheritance</a><span> (Orphanet)</span></div>
<div class="hangingIndent"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#moi_988794" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Not genetically inherited</a><span> (Orphanet)</span></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td><a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#target-gene-loc">Gene (location):<img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a><div class="display-none" id="target-gene-loc">
Gene(s) directly associated with<br />
this condition or phenotype.</div></td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="NSDHL - ID: 50814 - NCBI Gene" href="/gene/50814" class="medgenPMinfo">NSDHL</a> (Xq28)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="small"> </td></tr><tr><td>Monarch Initiative:</td>
<td><a href="https://monarchinitiative.org/disease/MONDO:0010621" target="_blank">MONDO:0010621</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>OMIM<span class="superscript">®</span>:</td>
<td><a href="https://omim.org/entry/308050" target="_blank">308050</a></td></tr>
<tr><td>Orphanet:</td>
<td><a target="_blank" title="Orphanet: The portal for rare diseases and orphan drugs" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?lng=EN&amp;Expert=139">ORPHA139</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="rprt-body jig-ncbiinpagenav" data-jigconfig="smoothScroll: false, gotoTopLink: true, gotoTopLinkText: '', gotoTopLinkAttrs: {'title': 'Go to the top of the page'},allHeadingLevels: ['h1'], topOfPageTOC: true, tocId: 'my-toc'"><div id="rprt-tabs-1" class="rprt-tab"><div id="tb-termsProp-1"><div class="leftCol mgCol"><div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_101">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Disease_characteristics">Disease characteristics</h1><a sid="101" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><div class="excerpt">Excerpted from the <i>GeneReview: </i><a href="/books/NBK51754" target="_blank">NSDHL-Related Disorders</a></div><div>NSDHL-related disorders include CHILD (congenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform nevus and limb defects) syndrome, an X-linked disorder that is usually male lethal during gestation and thus predominantly affects females; and CK syndrome, an X-linked disorder that affects males. CHILD syndrome is characterized by unilateral distribution of ichthyosiform skin lesions and ipsilateral limb defects that range from shortening of the metacarpals and phalanges to absence of the entire limb. Intellect is usually normal. The ichthyosiform skin lesions are usually present at birth or in the first weeks of life; new lesions can develop in later life. Onychodystrophy and periungual hyperkeratosis are common. Heart, lung, and kidney malformations can also occur. CK syndrome is characterized by mild-to-severe cognitive impairment and behavior problems (aggression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD], and irritability). All reported affected males have developed seizures in infancy and have cerebral cortical malformations and microcephaly. All have distinctive facial features, a thin habitus, and relatively long, thin fingers and toes. Some have scoliosis and kyphosis. Strabismus is common. Optic atrophy is also reported. [from <a title="GeneReviews" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1116" class="defSource" target="_blank">GeneReviews</a>]</div><div class="spaceAbove"><strong>Full text of <i>GeneReview</i> (by section):</strong><br /><a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK51754#nsdhl-dis.Summary" target="NBK51754">Summary</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK51754#nsdhl-dis.GeneReview_Scope" target="NBK51754">GeneReview Scope</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK51754#nsdhl-dis.Diagnosis" target="NBK51754">Diagnosis</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK51754#nsdhl-dis.Clinical_Characteristics" target="NBK51754">Clinical Characteristics</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK51754#nsdhl-dis.Genetically_Related_Allelic_Di" target="NBK51754">Genetically Related (Allelic) Disorders</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK51754#nsdhl-dis.Differential_Diagnosis" target="NBK51754">Differential Diagnosis</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK51754#nsdhl-dis.Management" target="NBK51754">Management</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK51754#nsdhl-dis.Genetic_Counseling" target="NBK51754">Genetic Counseling</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK51754#nsdhl-dis.Resources" target="NBK51754">Resources</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK51754#nsdhl-dis.Molecular_Genetics" target="NBK51754">Molecular Genetics</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK51754#nsdhl-dis.Chapter_Notes" target="NBK51754">Chapter Notes</a>  |  <a class="medgenPMinfo" href="/books/NBK51754#nsdhl-dis.References" target="NBK51754">References</a></div><div class="spaceAbove"><strong>Authors:</strong><br />
Mazen Kurban  |  Jinia El Feghaly  |  Lamiaa Hamie   <a href="/books/NBK51754" target="NBK51754" title="NCBI Bookshelf: NSDHL-Related Disorders">view full author information</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_117">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Additional_descriptions">Additional descriptions</h1><a sid="117" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><div class="mgSection"><strong>From OMIM</strong><br />CHILD syndrome is an acronym for an X-linked dominant disorder characterized by congenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform erythroderma and limb defects. The mutations are lethal in hemizygous males (Happle et al., 1980).&#13;
CK syndrome (300831), an X-linked recessive mental retardation syndrome, is an allelic disorder with a less severe phenotype.  <a target="_blank" href="http://www.omim.org/entry/308050">http://www.omim.org/entry/308050</a></div><div class="mgSection"><strong>From MedlinePlus Genetics</strong><br />CHILD syndrome is a condition that affects the development of several parts of the body. The name of the condition is an acronym of the major features: congenital hemidysplasia with ichthyosiform erythroderma and limb defects. The signs and symptoms of this disorder may vary from person to person, but they are typically limited to only one side of the body ("hemi-" means "half," and "dysplasia" refers to abnormal growth). The right side of the body is affected more often than the left side.<br /><br />People with CHILD syndrome often have a skin condition characterized by large patches of skin that are red and inflamed (erythroderma) and covered with yellow, flaky scales (ichthyosis). This condition is most likely to occur in skin folds and creases and usually does not affect the face. The skin abnormalities are typically present at birth or appear within the first few weeks of life and may improve with time. <br /><br />CHILD syndrome may also disrupt the formation of the arms and legs during early development. Some children with this disorder have shortened bones in the fingers or toes, while others have shortened or missing limbs. The limb abnormalities typically occur on the same side of the body as the skin abnormalities. <br /><br />Some children have a curvature of the spine (scoliosis) or joint deformities that restrict movement (contractures). In some cases, CHILD syndrome affects the development of the brain, heart, lungs, and kidneys.  <a target="_blank" href="https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/child-syndrome">https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/child-syndrome</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_102">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_features">Clinical features</h1><a sid="102" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln clinfeat"><strong>From HPO</strong><br />
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_42531"><div><strong>Hydronephrosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>42531</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0020295</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Severe distention of the kidney with dilation of the renal pelvis and calices.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/42531">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hydronephrosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2042531%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_75607"><div><strong>Unilateral renal agenesis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>75607</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0266294</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A unilateral form of agenesis of the kidney.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/75607">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Unilateral%20renal%20agenesis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2075607%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_52619"><div><strong>Syndactyly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>52619</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0039075</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Webbing or fusion of the fingers or toes, involving soft parts only or including bone structure. Bony fusions are referred to as "bony" syndactyly if the fusion occurs in a radio-ulnar axis. Fusions of bones of the fingers or toes in a proximo-distal axis are referred to as "symphalangism".</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/52619">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Syndactyly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2052619%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_65139"><div><strong>Finger syndactyly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>65139</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0221352</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Webbing or fusion of the fingers, involving soft parts only or including bone structure. Bony fusions are referred to as "bony" Syndactyly if the fusion occurs in a radio-ulnar axis. Fusions of bones of the fingers in a proximo-distal axis are referred to as "Symphalangism".</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/65139">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Finger%20syndactyly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2065139%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_96108"><div><strong>Single transverse palmar crease</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>96108</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0424731</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The distal and proximal transverse palmar creases are merged into a single transverse palmar crease.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/96108">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Single%20transverse%20palmar%20crease%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2096108%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_324891"><div><strong>4-5 toe syndactyly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>324891</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1837836</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Syndactyly with fusion of toes four and five.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/324891">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%224-5%20toe%20syndactyly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20324891%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_766668"><div><strong>Absent toe</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>766668</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3553754</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Aplasia of a toe. That is, absence of all phalanges of a non-hallux digit of the foot and the associated soft tissues.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/766668">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Absent%20toe%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20766668%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_867078"><div><strong>Absent middle phalanx of 2nd finger</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>867078</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4021436</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Absence of the middle phalanx of the index (2nd) finger.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/867078">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Absent%20middle%20phalanx%20of%202nd%20finger%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20867078%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_867081"><div><strong>Aplasia of the distal phalanx of the 2nd finger</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>867081</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4021439</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/867081">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Aplasia%20of%20the%20distal%20phalanx%20of%20the%202nd%20finger%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20867081%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_867117"><div><strong>Absent middle phalanx of 3rd finger</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>867117</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4021475</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Absence of the middle phalanx of the middle (3rd) finger.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/867117">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Absent%20middle%20phalanx%20of%203rd%20finger%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20867117%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_869937"><div><strong>Aplasia of the distal phalanx of the 3rd finger</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>869937</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4024368</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Absence of the distal phalanx of the middle (3rd) finger.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/869937">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Aplasia%20of%20the%20distal%20phalanx%20of%20the%203rd%20finger%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20869937%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_870711"><div><strong>2-5 finger cutaneous syndactyly</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>870711</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4025165</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A soft tissue continuity in the anteroposterior axis between the second to the fifth fingers that extends distally to at least the level of the proximal interphalangeal joints.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/870711">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%222-5%20finger%20cutaneous%20syndactyly%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20870711%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_56289"><div><strong>Single ventricle</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>56289</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0152424</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of only one working lower chamber in the heart, usually with a virtual absence of the ventricular septum and usually present in conjunction with double inlet left or right ventricle.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/56289">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Single%20ventricle%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2056289%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_1830392"><div><strong>Abnormal cardiac septum morphology</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>1830392</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C5779791</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An anomaly of the intra-atrial or intraventricular septum.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/1830392">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Abnormal%20cardiac%20septum%20morphology%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%201830392%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_87607"><div><strong>Short stature</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>87607</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0349588</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/87607">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Short%20stature%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2087607%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_374360"><div><strong>Mild intrauterine growth retardation</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>374360</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1840006</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Intrauterine growth retardation that is at least 2 standard deviations (SD) below average, but not as low as 3 SD, corrected for sex and gestational age.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/374360">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Mild%20intrauterine%20growth%20retardation%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20374360%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_235586"><div><strong>Hearing impairment</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>235586</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1384666</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A decreased magnitude of the sensory perception of sound.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/235586">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hearing%20impairment%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20235586%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_10044"><div><strong>Intellectual disability, mild</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10044</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0026106</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Mild intellectual disability is defined as an intelligence quotient (IQ) in the range of 50-69.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/10044">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Intellectual%20disability%2C%20mild%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2010044%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_871188"><div><strong>Aplasia/Hypoplasia involving the central nervous system</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>871188</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C4025665</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Absence or underdevelopment of tissue in the central nervous system.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/871188">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Aplasia%2FHypoplasia%20involving%20the%20central%20nervous%20system%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20871188%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_9232"><div><strong>Umbilical hernia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>9232</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0019322</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Protrusion of abdominal contents through a defect in the abdominal wall musculature around the umbilicus. Skin and subcutaneous tissue overlie the defect.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/9232">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Umbilical%20hernia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%209232%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_9258"><div><strong>Congenital hip dislocation</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>9258</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0019555</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/9258">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Congenital%20hip%20dislocation%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%209258%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_44428"><div><strong>Micrognathia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>44428</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0025990</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Developmental hypoplasia of the mandible.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/44428">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Micrognathia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2044428%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_11348"><div><strong>Scoliosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>11348</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0036439</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/11348">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Scoliosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2011348%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_83069"><div><strong>Flexion contracture</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>83069</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0333068</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A flexion contracture is a bent (flexed) joint that cannot be straightened actively or passively. It is thus a chronic loss of joint motion due to structural changes in muscle, tendons, ligaments, or skin that prevents normal movement of joints.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/83069">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Flexion%20contracture%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2083069%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_87502"><div><strong>Vertebral hypoplasia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>87502</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0345394</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Small, underdeveloped vertebral bodies.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/87502">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Vertebral%20hypoplasia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2087502%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_96529"><div><strong>Short clavicles</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>96529</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0426799</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Reduced length of the clavicles.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/96529">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Short%20clavicles%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2096529%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_98094"><div><strong>Short ribs</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>98094</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0426817</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Reduced rib length.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/98094">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Short%20ribs%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2098094%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_337579"><div><strong>Hypoplastic scapulae</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>337579</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1846434</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Underdeveloped scapula.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/337579">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypoplastic%20scapulae%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20337579%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_349104"><div><strong>Epiphyseal stippling</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>349104</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1859126</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">The presence of abnormal punctate (speckled, dot-like) calcifications in one or more epiphyses.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/349104">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Epiphyseal%20stippling%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20349104%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_760700"><div><strong>Hypoplastic pelvis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>760700</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C3536734</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Anatomical Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Underdevelopment of the bony pelvis.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/760700">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hypoplastic%20pelvis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20760700%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_78574"><div><strong>Pulmonary hypoplasia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>78574</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0265783</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A congenital abnormality in which the lung parenchyma is not fully developed. It may be associated with other congenital abnormalities.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/78574">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Pulmonary%20hypoplasia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2078574%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_333461"><div><strong>Elevated 8-dehydrocholesterol</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>333461</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1840013</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/333461">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Elevated%208-dehydrocholesterol%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20333461%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_327010"><div><strong>Elevated 8(9)-cholestenol</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>327010</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1840014</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/327010">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Elevated%208(9)-cholestenol%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20327010%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_40327"><div><strong>Cleft upper lip</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>40327</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0008924</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Congenital Abnormality</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A gap or groove in the upper lip. This is a congenital defect resulting from nonfusion of tissues of the lip during embryonal development.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/40327">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Cleft%20upper%20lip%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2040327%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_373112"><div><strong>Depressed nasal bridge</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>373112</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1836542</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Posterior positioning of the nasal root in relation to the overall facial profile for age.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/373112">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Depressed%20nasal%20bridge%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20373112%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_7982"><div><strong>Alopecia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>7982</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0002170</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A noncongenital process of hair loss, which may progress to partial or complete baldness.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/7982">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Alopecia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%207982%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_45074"><div><strong>Nevus</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>45074</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0027960</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Neoplastic Process</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A nevus is a type of hamartoma that is a circumscribed stable malformation of the skin.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/45074">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Nevus%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2045074%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_10572"><div><strong>Parakeratosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>10572</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0030436</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Abnormal formation of the keratinocytes of the epidermis characterized by persistence of nuclei, incomplete formation of keratin, and moistness and swelling of the keratinocytes.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/10572">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Parakeratosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2010572%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_11999"><div><strong>Erythema</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>11999</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0041834</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Redness of the skin, caused by hyperemia of the capillaries in the lower layers of the skin.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/11999">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Erythema%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2011999%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_86936"><div><strong>Congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>86936</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0079583</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">An ichthyosiform abnormality of the skin with congenital onset.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/86936">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Congenital%20ichthyosiform%20erythroderma%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2086936%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_65136"><div><strong>Epidermal acanthosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>65136</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0221270</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Diffuse hypertrophy or thickening of the stratum spinosum of the epidermis (prickle cell layer of the skin).</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/65136">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Epidermal%20acanthosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2065136%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_537942"><div><strong>Small nail</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>537942</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0263523</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">A nail that is diminished in length and width, i.e., underdeveloped nail.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/537942">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Small%20nail%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20537942%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_83106"><div><strong>Epidermal nevus</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>83106</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0334082</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum (PROS) encompasses a range of clinical findings in which the core features are congenital or early-childhood onset of segmental/focal overgrowth with or without cellular dysplasia. Prior to the identification of PIK3CA as the causative gene, PROS was separated into distinct clinical syndromes based on the tissues and/or organs involved (e.g., MCAP [megalencephaly-capillary malformation] syndrome and CLOVES [congenital lipomatous asymmetric overgrowth of the trunk, lymphatic, capillary, venous, and combined-type vascular malformations, epidermal nevi, skeletal and spinal anomalies] syndrome). The predominant areas of overgrowth include the brain, limbs (including fingers and toes), trunk (including abdomen and chest), and face, all usually in an asymmetric distribution. Generalized brain overgrowth may be accompanied by secondary overgrowth of specific brain structures resulting in ventriculomegaly, a markedly thick corpus callosum, and cerebellar tonsillar ectopia with crowding of the posterior fossa. Vascular malformations may include capillary, venous, and less frequently, arterial or mixed (capillary-lymphatic-venous or arteriovenous) malformations. Lymphatic malformations may be in various locations (internal and/or external) and can cause various clinical issues, including swelling, pain, and occasionally localized bleeding secondary to trauma. Lipomatous overgrowth may occur ipsilateral or contralateral to a vascular malformation, if present. The degree of intellectual disability appears to be mostly related to the presence and severity of seizures, cortical dysplasia (e.g., polymicrogyria), and hydrocephalus. Many children have feeding difficulties that are often multifactorial in nature. Endocrine issues affect a small number of individuals and most commonly include hypoglycemia (largely hypoinsulinemic hypoketotic hypoglycemia), hypothyroidism, and growth hormone deficiency.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/83106">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Epidermal%20nevus%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2083106%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_209030"><div><strong>Hyperkeratosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>209030</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0870082</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Hyperkeratosis is thickening of the epidermis involving the outer layer of the skin, the stratum corneum, which is composed of large, polyhedral, plate-like envelopes filled with keratin which are the dead cells that have migrated up from the stratum granulosum.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/209030">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Hyperkeratosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20209030%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_375169"><div><strong>Orthokeratosis</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>375169</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1843359</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Finding</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Formation of an anuclear keratin layer</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/375169">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Orthokeratosis%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20375169%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_57720"><div><strong>Thyroid hypoplasia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>57720</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C0151516</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Disease or Syndrome</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Developmental hypoplasia of the thyroid gland.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/57720">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Thyroid%20hypoplasia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%2057720%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div>
<div class="divPopper rprt" id="clin_337539"><div><strong>Adrenal hypoplasia</strong><div class="aux"><div class="resc"><dl class="rprtid"><dt>MedGen UID: </dt><dd>337539</dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span>Concept ID: </dt><dd><a href="/medgen/docs/help/#sources" target="_blank" title="Concept Unique Identifier from NLM's Unified Medical Language system (UMLS)&#10;Click for more information.">C1846223</a></dd><dt><span class="dotprefix"></span></dt><dd>Pathologic Function</dd></dl></div></div></div>
<div class="spaceAbove">Developmental hypoplasia of the adrenal glands.</div>
<div class="spaceAbove nowrap">See: <a href="/medgen/337539">Feature record</a> | <a href="/medgen?term=%22Adrenal%20hypoplasia%22%5BClinical%20Features%5D%20OR%20337539%5Buid%5D">Search on this feature</a></div></div><div class="TreeLite" data-jigconfig="closed: 1"><div class="concept-def"><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().openAll(); return false;">Show all</a><a class="small" href="#" onclick="jQuery(&quot;.TreeLite&quot;,&quot;#ID_102&quot;).TreeLite().closeAll(); return false;">Hide all</a></div><ul><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of head or neck</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_40327" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Cleft upper lip</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_373112" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Depressed nasal bridge</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of limbs</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_870711" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">2-5 finger cutaneous syndactyly</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_324891" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">4-5 toe syndactyly</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_867078" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Absent middle phalanx of 2nd finger</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_867117" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Absent middle phalanx of 3rd finger</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_766668" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Absent toe</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_867081" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Aplasia of the distal phalanx of the 2nd finger</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_869937" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Aplasia of the distal phalanx of the 3rd finger</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_65139" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Finger syndactyly</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_96108" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Single transverse palmar crease</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_52619" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Syndactyly</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of metabolism/homeostasis</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_327010" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Elevated 8(9)-cholestenol</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_333461" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Elevated 8-dehydrocholesterol</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the cardiovascular system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_1830392" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Abnormal cardiac septum morphology</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_56289" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Single ventricle</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the endocrine system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_337539" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Adrenal hypoplasia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_57720" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Thyroid hypoplasia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the genitourinary system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_42531" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hydronephrosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_75607" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Unilateral renal agenesis</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the integument</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_7982" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Alopecia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_86936" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_65136" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Epidermal acanthosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_83106" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Epidermal nevus</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_11999" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Erythema</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_209030" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hyperkeratosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_45074" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Nevus</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_375169" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Orthokeratosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_10572" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Parakeratosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_537942" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Small nail</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the musculoskeletal system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_9258" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Congenital hip dislocation</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_349104" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Epiphyseal stippling</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_83069" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Flexion contracture</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_760700" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypoplastic pelvis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_337579" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hypoplastic scapulae</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_44428" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Micrognathia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_11348" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Scoliosis</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_96529" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Short clavicles</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_98094" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Short ribs</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_9232" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Umbilical hernia</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_87502" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Vertebral hypoplasia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the nervous system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_871188" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Aplasia/Hypoplasia involving the central nervous system</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_10044" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Intellectual disability, mild</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Abnormality of the respiratory system</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_78574" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Pulmonary hypoplasia</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Ear malformation</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_235586" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Hearing impairment</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="TLline">Growth abnormality</span><ul><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_374360" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Mild intrauterine growth retardation</a></span></li><li class="TLline">
<span class="TLline"><a title="click for more information" class="jig-ncbipopper" href="#clin_87607" data-jigconfig="hasArrow: true, openEvent: 'click', closeEvent: 'mouseout', openAnimation: 'fadeIn', closeAnimation: 'fadeOut', triggerPosition: 'center right', destPosition: 'center left', arrowDirection: 'left'">Short stature</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_118">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Term_Hierarchy">Term Hierarchy</h1><a sid="118" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln HierarchyGTR"><div class="jig-ncbitabs"><ul><li><a href="#tabGTR">GTR</a></li><li><a href="#tabMGEN">MeSH</a></li><li><a href="#tabORDO">Orphanet</a></li></ul><div id="tabGTR"><div class="search_result"><div class="rprts"><div class="chiclet_legend"><span class="chiclet_list" style="position:static;"><span title="Clinical test" class="chiclet Ccolor round">C</span><span>Clinical test,  </span><span title="Research test" class="chiclet Rcolor round">R</span><span>Research test,  </span><span title="OMIM" class="chiclet Ocolor ">O</span><span>OMIM,  </span><span title="GeneReview" class="chiclet Gcolor">G</span><span><em>GeneReviews</em>,  </span><span title="ClinVar" class="chiclet Vcolor">V</span><span>ClinVar  </span></span></div><div id="hierarchy" class="margin_t1"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li class="matched_ds"><span class="chiclet_list"><span class="chiclet Ccolor round" title="Clinical test"><a target="_blank" href="/gtr/tests/?term=C0265267[DISCUI]&amp;test_type=Clinical" ref="ncbi_uid=82697">C</a></span><span class="chiclet unavailable round" title="Research Tests">R</span><span class="chiclet Ocolor" title="OMIM"><a ref="ncbi_uid=82697" target="_blank" href="/omim/300275">O</a></span><span class="chiclet Gcolor" title="GeneReviews"><a target="_blank" href="/books/NBK51754/" ref="ncbi_uid=82697">G</a></span><span class="chiclet Vcolor" title="ClinVar"><a target="_blank" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=82697" ref="ncbi_uid=82697">V</a></span></span><span class="TLline">Child syndrome</span></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div id="tabMGEN"><div class="ds_tree"><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/272508" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Connective and Soft Tissue Disorder">Connective and Soft Tissue Disorder</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/6471" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Musculoskeletal system disorder">Musculoskeletal system disorder</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/14182" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Disorder of bone">Disorder of bone</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/2309" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Bone development disease">Bone development disease</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/10495" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Osteochondrodysplasia">Osteochondrodysplasia</a></span><ul><li><span class="TLline"><a href="/medgen/3052" ref="tree=MeSH" title="MedGen record for Chondrodysplasia punctata">Chondrodysplasia punctata</a></span><ul><li><span class="matched_ds">Child syndrome</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></div></div><div id="tabORDO">Follow <a target="_blank" href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/Disease_Classif.php?lng=EN&amp;data_id=156&amp;PatId=2136&amp;search=Disease_Classif_Simple&amp;new=1" class="ital bold">this link</a> to review classifications for <span class="ital">Child syndrome</span> in Orphanet.</div></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_105">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Professional_guidelines">Professional guidelines</h1><a sid="105" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">PubMed<a class="help jig-ncbi-popper" data-jig="ncbipopper" href="#guidelinesHelpPM"><img class="pulldown" src="//static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4223267/img/4204968" /></a></h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32886633">Topical Cholesterol/Simvastatin Gel for the Treatment of CHILD Syndrome in an Adolescent.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Cho SK,
Ashworth LD,
Goldman S</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Int J Pharm Compd</span>
2020 Sep-Oct;24(5):367-369.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32886633" target="_blank">32886633</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/32826027">Vulnerable Child Syndrome and Newborn Screening Carrier Results for Cystic Fibrosis or Sickle Cell.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Farrell MH,
Sims AM,
La Pean Kirschner A,
Farrell PM,
Tarini BA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Pediatr</span>
2020 Sep;224:44-50.e1.
doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.03.042.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/32826027" target="_blank">32826027</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC7444465" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/16789866">Treatment of dissociative identity disorder: "tortured child syndrome".</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Waiess EA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Psychoanal Rev</span>
2006 Jun;93(3):477-500.
doi: 10.1521/prev.2006.93.3.477.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/16789866" target="_blank">16789866</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22child%20syndrome%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">See all (18)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpPM">These guidelines are articles in PubMed that match specific search criteria developed by MedGen to capture the most relevant practice guidelines. This list may not be comprehensive and may include broader topics as well. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div><div class="display-none help-popup" id="guidelinesHelpCurated">These guidelines are manually curated by the MedGen team
to supplement articles available in PubMed. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_103">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_clinical_studies">Recent clinical studies</h1><a sid="103" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><h3 class="subhead">Etiology</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/31152106">Vulnerable Child Syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Schmitz K</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Rev</span>
2019 Jun;40(6):313-315.
doi: 10.1542/pir.2017-0243.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/31152106" target="_blank">31152106</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/26564089">Epidermal nevus syndromes.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Asch S,
Sugarman JL</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Handb Clin Neurol</span>
2015;132:291-316.
doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-62702-5.00022-6.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/26564089" target="_blank">26564089</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/15138993">Understanding shaken baby syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Carbaugh SF</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Adv Neonatal Care</span>
2004 Apr;4(2):105-14; quiz 15-7.
doi: 10.1016/j.adnc.2004.01.004.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/15138993" target="_blank">15138993</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/3332339">Vulnerable child syndrome and its variants.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Green M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Rev</span>
1986 Sep;8(3):75-80.
doi: 10.1542/pir.8-3-75.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/3332339" target="_blank">3332339</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/4707233">The battered child syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">McRae KN,
Ferguson CA,
Lederman RS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Can Med Assoc J</span>
1973 Apr 7;108(7):859-60 passim.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/4707233" target="_blank">4707233</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1941323" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Child%20syndrome%22%20AND%20Etiology%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (198)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Diagnosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35853659">Inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus (ILVEN) encompasses a spectrum of inflammatory mosaic disorders.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Atzmony L,
Ugwu N,
Hamilton C,
Paller AS,
Zech L,
Antaya RJ,
Choate KA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Dermatol</span>
2022 Nov;39(6):903-907.
Epub 2022 Jul 19
doi: 10.1111/pde.15094.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35853659" target="_blank">35853659</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9712156" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/20195804">Pediatric radiological diagnostic procedures in cases of suspected child abuse.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Erfurt C,
Hahn G,
Roesner D,
Schmidt U</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Forensic Sci Med Pathol</span>
2011 Mar;7(1):65-74.
Epub 2010 Feb 27
doi: 10.1007/s12024-010-9148-y.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/20195804" target="_blank">20195804</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/17073042">Shaken baby syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Miehl NJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Forensic Nurs</span>
2005 Fall;1(3):111-7.
doi: 10.1111/j.1939-3938.2005.tb00027.x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/17073042" target="_blank">17073042</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/3893980">Abdominal trauma.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Evers K,
DeGaeta LR</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Emerg Med Clin North Am</span>
1985 Aug;3(3):525-39.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/3893980" target="_blank">3893980</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/6346492">Bone scintigraphy in the diagnosis and management of traumatic injury.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Matin P</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Semin Nucl Med</span>
1983 Apr;13(2):104-22.
doi: 10.1016/s0001-2998(83)80004-x.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/6346492" target="_blank">6346492</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Child%20syndrome%22%20AND%20Diagnosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (303)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Therapy</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/35853659">Inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus (ILVEN) encompasses a spectrum of inflammatory mosaic disorders.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Atzmony L,
Ugwu N,
Hamilton C,
Paller AS,
Zech L,
Antaya RJ,
Choate KA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Dermatol</span>
2022 Nov;39(6):903-907.
Epub 2022 Jul 19
doi: 10.1111/pde.15094.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/35853659" target="_blank">35853659</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC9712156" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/34787337">Rapid improvement of skin lesions in CHILD syndrome with topical 5% simvastatin ointment.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Kallis P,
Bisbee E,
Garganta C,
Schoch JJ</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Dermatol</span>
2022 Jan;39(1):151-152.
Epub 2021 Nov 17
doi: 10.1111/pde.14865.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/34787337" target="_blank">34787337</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25587692">Skin Abnormalities in CHILD Syndrome Successfully Treated with Pathogenesis-based Therapy.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Christiansen AG,
Koppelhus U,
Sommerlund M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Derm Venereol</span>
2015 Jul;95(6):752-3.
doi: 10.2340/00015555-2044.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25587692" target="_blank">25587692</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/24696032">CHILD syndrome: effective treatment of ichthyosiform naevus with oral and topical ketoconazole.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Liu T,
Qian G,
Wang XX,
Zhang YG</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Acta Derm Venereol</span>
2015 Jan;95(1):91-2.
doi: 10.2340/00015555-1859.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/24696032" target="_blank">24696032</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/2961311">Red child syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Salazar de Sousa J,
Almeida V,
Bray Pinheiro J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Dis Child</span>
1987 Nov;62(11):1181.
doi: 10.1136/adc.62.11.1181.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/2961311" target="_blank">2961311</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1778514" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Child%20syndrome%22%20AND%20Therapy%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (43)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Prognosis</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30526189">Hyperactive Child Syndrome and Estimated Life Expectancy at Young Adult Follow-Up: The Role of ADHD Persistence and Other Potential Predictors.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Barkley RA,
Fischer M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Atten Disord</span>
2019 Jul;23(9):907-923.
Epub 2018 Dec 10
doi: 10.1177/1087054718816164.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30526189" target="_blank">30526189</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/15138993">Understanding shaken baby syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Carbaugh SF</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Adv Neonatal Care</span>
2004 Apr;4(2):105-14; quiz 15-7.
doi: 10.1016/j.adnc.2004.01.004.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/15138993" target="_blank">15138993</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/10208330">Shaken baby syndrome and the death of Matthew Eappen: a forensic pathologist's response.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Plunkett J</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Am J Forensic Med Pathol</span>
1999 Mar;20(1):17-21.
doi: 10.1097/00000433-199903000-00005.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/10208330" target="_blank">10208330</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/3260811">Patterns of reported child abuse and neglect.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rosenthal JA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Child Abuse Negl</span>
1988;12(2):263-71.
doi: 10.1016/0145-2134(88)90034-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/3260811" target="_blank">3260811</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/4707233">The battered child syndrome.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">McRae KN,
Ferguson CA,
Lederman RS</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Can Med Assoc J</span>
1973 Apr 7;108(7):859-60 passim.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/4707233" target="_blank">4707233</a><a href="/pmc/articles/PMC1941323" target="_blank" class="PubMedFree">Free PMC Article</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Child%20syndrome%22%20AND%20Prognosis%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (112)</a></div><h3 class="subhead">Clinical prediction guides</h3>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/30526189">Hyperactive Child Syndrome and Estimated Life Expectancy at Young Adult Follow-Up: The Role of ADHD Persistence and Other Potential Predictors.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Barkley RA,
Fischer M</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Atten Disord</span>
2019 Jul;23(9):907-923.
Epub 2018 Dec 10
doi: 10.1177/1087054718816164.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/30526189" target="_blank">30526189</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/8934707">Shaken babies--some have no impact injuries.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Gilliland MG,
Folberg R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Forensic Sci</span>
1996 Jan;41(1):114-6.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/8934707" target="_blank">8934707</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/8239703">Mosaicism in human skin. Understanding the patterns and mechanisms.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Happle R</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Arch Dermatol</span>
1993 Nov;129(11):1460-70.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/8239703" target="_blank">8239703</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/3260811">Patterns of reported child abuse and neglect.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Rosenthal JA</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Child Abuse Negl</span>
1988;12(2):263-71.
doi: 10.1016/0145-2134(88)90034-8.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/3260811" target="_blank">3260811</a></div>
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/344302">The hyperkinetic child syndrome and brain monoamines: pharmacology and therapeutic implications.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Margolin DI</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">J Clin Psychiatry</span>
1978 Feb;39(2):120-3, 7-30.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/344302" target="_blank">344302</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Child%20syndrome%22%20AND%20Clinical%20prediction%20guides%2Fbroad%5Bfilter%5D%20%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (75)</a></div></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_104">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Recent_systematic_reviews">Recent systematic reviews</h1><a sid="104" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln">
<div class="nl"><a target="_blank" href="/pubmed/25931270">Childhood interstitial lung disease: A systematic review.</a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><span class="medgenPMauthor">Hime NJ,
Zurynski Y,
Fitzgerald D,
Selvadurai H,
Phu A,
Deverell M,
Elliott EJ,
Jaffe A</span><br />
<span class="medgenPMjournal">Pediatr Pulmonol</span>
2015 Dec;50(12):1383-92.
Epub 2015 Apr 30
doi: 10.1002/ppul.23183.
<span class="bold">PMID: </span><a href="/pubmed/25931270" target="_blank">25931270</a></div>
<div><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22Child%20syndrome%22%20AND%20systematic%5Bsb%5D%20AND%20%22english%20and%20humans%22%5Bfilter%5D%20NOT%20comment%5BPTYP%5D%20NOT%20letter%5BPTYP%5D" title="PubMed search">See all (1)</a></div></div>
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<div class="supplemental col three_col last">
<h2 class="offscreen_noflow">Supplemental Content</h2>
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<!-- MedGen supplemental column starts here -->
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<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_113">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Table_of_contents">Table of contents</h1><a sid="113" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul id="my-toc"></ul></div>
</div>
<div class="portlet mgSection" id="ID_106">
<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Genetic_Testing_Registry">Genetic Testing Registry</h1><a sid="106" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0265267%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F8" target="_blank">Deletion/duplication analysis (32)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0265267%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F29" target="_blank">Detection of homozygosity (2)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0265267%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F7" target="_blank">Sequence analysis of the entire coding region (40)</a></li>
<li><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0265267%5bDISCUI%5d&amp;filter=method%3A2%5F19" target="_blank">Targeted variant analysis (10)</a></li>
<li class="portletSeeAll portletSeeAllPad"><total><a href="/gtr/tests?term=C0265267%5bDISCUI%5d" target="_blank">See all (45)</a></total></li>
</ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Clinical_resources">Clinical resources</h1><a sid="119" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="https://www.omim.org/search?index=entry&amp;start=1&amp;limit=10&amp;sort=score%20desc&amp;field=number&amp;search=308050" target="_blank">OMIM</a></li><li><a href="http://www.orpha.net/consor/cgi-bin/OC_Exp.php?Expert=139" target="_blank">Orphanet</a></li><li><a href="https://clinicaltrials.gov/search?cond=Child%20syndrome" target="_blank">ClinicalTrials.gov</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Practice_guidelines">Practice guidelines</h1><a sid="121" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul class="a_poppers"><li><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=(%22child%20syndrome%22%5Btiab%3A~0%5D)%20AND%20(%22english%20and%20humans%22%5BFilter%5D)%20AND%20(%20(%22practice%20guideline%22%5BFilter%5D)%20OR%20(practice*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(guideline%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20parameter%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20resource%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20bulletin%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20best%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(genetic*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20counseling%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20screening%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20test*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((expert%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20consensus%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20utility%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(management%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(clinical%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20pain%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20surveillance%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20emergency%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(treatment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20((evaluation%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20diagnosis%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(assessment%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20prevention%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20therap*))%20OR%20(Diagnos*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(prenatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20treatment%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20follow-up%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20differential%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonatal%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonate%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(guideline*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(pharmacogenetic*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20recommendation%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20consensus%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20(technical%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(molecular%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20testing%5Btitl%5D)))%20OR%20(risk%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20assessment%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(recommendation*%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Evidence-based%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(care%20AND%20((Patient%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20standard*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20primary%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20psychosocial%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Health%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20supervision%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(statement%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(policy%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20position%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20Consensus%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(pharmacogenetics%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(Dosing%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20therap*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20drug*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(Chemotherapy%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20decision*%5Btitl%5D)%20OR%20(screening%5Btitl%5D%20AND%20(newborn%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20neonat*%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20detection%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20diagnos*%5Btitl%5D))%20OR%20(criteria%5Btitl%5D%20OR%20genotype*%5Btitl%5D)%20)%20NOT%20(%22Case%20reports%22%5BPublication%20type%5D%20OR%20%22clinical%20study%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D%20OR%20%22randomized%20controlled%20trial%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)" title="PubMed search">PubMed</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in PubMed. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li><li><a target="_blank" href="/books/?term=((%22clinical%20guidelines%22%5BResource%20Type%5D)%20OR%20%22practice%20guideline%22%5BPublication%20Type%5D)%20AND%20(%22Child%20syndrome%22)">Bookshelf</a><div class="help-popup">See practice and clinical guidelines in NCBI Bookshelf. The search results may include broader topics and may not capture all published guidelines. See the <a href="/medgen/docs/faq/" title="Frequently asked questions" target="_blank">FAQ</a> for details.</div></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_head mgSectionHead ui-widget-header"><h1 class="nl" id="Molecular_resources">Molecular resources</h1><a sid="115" href="#" class="portlet_shutter" title="Show/hide content"></a></div>
<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="http://www.omim.org/search?index=entry&amp;start=1&amp;limit=10&amp;sort=score%20desc&amp;field=number&amp;search=300275" target="_blank">OMIM</a></li><li><a href="/clinvar/?term=50814[geneid]" target="_blank">View NSDHL variations in ClinVar</a></li><li><a href="/nuccore/218156323" target="_blank">RefSeqGene</a></li><li><a href="https://catalog.coriell.org/Search?q=308050" target="_blank">Coriell Institute for Medical Research</a></li></ul></div>
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<div class="portlet_content ln"><ul><li><a href="http://www.diseaseinfosearch.org/CHILD+Syndrome/1331" target="_blank">Genetic Alliance</a></li><li><a href="https://www.malacards.org/card/congenital_hemidysplasia_with_ichthyosiform_erythroderma_and_limb_defects" target="_blank">MalaCards</a></li><li><a href="https://vsearch.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?v:project=medlineplus&amp;query=Child%20syndrome" target="_blank">MedlinePlus</a></li><li><a href="https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/child-syndrome" target="_blank">MedlinePlusGenetics (GHR)</a></li><li><a href="https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/6039/disease" target="_blank">NCATS Office of Rare Diseases Research (GARD)</a></li></ul></div>
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<h3>Reviews</h3>
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<a href="/pubmed/21290788" ref="ncbi_uid=&amp;discoId=gtr_reviews&amp;linkpos=1&amp;linkpostotal=3" target="_blank"><span class="gene_reviews">GeneReviews</span></a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="/pubmed/clinical?term=Child%20syndrome" ref="ncbi_uid=&amp;discoId=gtr_reviews&amp;linkpos=2&amp;linkpostotal=3" target="_blank">PubMed Clinical Queries</a>
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<a href="/pubmed?term=Child%20syndrome%20AND%20humans[mesh]%20AND%20review[publication%20type]" ref="ncbi_uid=&amp;discoId=gtr_reviews&amp;linkpos=3&amp;linkpostotal=3" target="_blank">Reviews in PubMed</a>
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<h3>Related information</h3>
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<li class="brieflinkpopper">
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/clinvar?LinkName=medgen_clinvar&amp;from_uid=82697" ref="log$=recordlinks">ClinVar</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related medical variations</div>
</li>
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/gene?LinkName=medgen_gene_diseases&amp;from_uid=82697" ref="log$=recordlinks">Gene</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related information in NCBI Gene</div>
</li>
<li class="brieflinkpopper">
<a class="brieflinkpopperctrl" href="/gtr/tests?term=C0265267[DISCUI]" ref="log$=recordlinks">GTR</a>
<div class="brieflinkpop offscreen_noflow">Related information in GTR</div>
</li>
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