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</div><div><span>Doppler ultrasound exam of an arm or leg</span></div></div>
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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Doppler ultrasound exam of an arm or leg</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>This test uses <a test="test" href="./003336.htm">ultrasound</a> to look at the blood flow in the large arteries and veins in the arms or legs.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How the Test is Performed</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>The test is done in the ultrasound or radiology department, a hospital room, or in a peripheral vascular lab.</p><p>During the exam: </p><ul><li>A water-soluble gel is placed on a handheld device called a transducer. This device directs high-frequency sound waves to the artery or veins being tested.</li><li>Blood pressure cuffs may be put around different parts of the body, including the thigh, calf, ankle, and different points along the arm.</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How to Prepare for the Test</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>You will need to remove clothes from the arm or leg being examined.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How the Test will Feel</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>Sometimes, the person performing the test will need to press on the vein to make sure it does not have a clot. Some people may feel slight pain from the pressure.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Why the Test is Performed</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>This test is done as the first step to look at arteries and veins. Sometimes, <a test="test" href="./003772.htm">arteriography</a> and <a test="test" href="./003773.htm">venography</a> may be needed later. The test is done to help diagnose:</p><ul><li><a test="test" href="./000170.htm">Arteriosclerosis of the arms or legs</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./001124.htm">Blood clot</a> (deep vein thrombosis)</li><li><a test="test" href="./000203.htm">Venous insufficiency</a></li></ul><p>The test may also be used to:</p><ul><li>Look at injury to the arteries </li><li>Monitor arterial reconstruction and bypass grafts</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Normal Results</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>A normal result means the blood vessels show no signs of narrowing, clots, or closure, and the arteries have normal blood flow.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>What Abnormal Results Mean</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>Abnormal results may be due to:</p><ul><li>Blockage in an artery by a blood clot </li><li>Blood clot in a vein (DVT)</li><li>Narrowing or widening of an artery</li><li>Spastic arterial disease (arterial contractions brought on by cold or emotion)</li><li>Venous occlusion (closing of a vein) </li><li>Venous reflux (blood flow going the wrong direction in veins)</li><li>Arterial occlusion from atherosclerosis</li></ul><p>This test may also be done to help assess the following conditions:</p><ul><li><a test="test" href="./000170.htm">Atherosclerosis of the extremities</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./000156.htm">Deep venous thrombosis</a></li><li><a test="test" href="./000199.htm">Superficial thrombophlebitis</a></li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Risks</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-7" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-7"><p>There are no risks from this procedure.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Considerations</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-8" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-8"><p>Cigarette smoking may alter the results of this test. Nicotine can cause the arteries in the extremities to constrict.</p><p>Quitting smoking lowers the risk for problems with the heart and circulatory system. Most smoking-related deaths are caused by cardiovascular problems, not lung cancer.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>PVD - Doppler; PAD - Doppler; Blockage of leg arteries - Doppler; Intermittent claudication - Doppler; Arterial insufficiency of the legs - Doppler; Leg pain and cramping - Doppler; Calf pain - Doppler; Venous Doppler - DVT</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/9279t.jpg" alt="Doppler ultrasonography of an extremity" title="Doppler ultrasonography of an extremity" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/9279.htm">Doppler ultrasonography of an extremity</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Aziz MU, Zahid M, Weber TM, Robbin ML. Peripheral veins. In: Rumack CM, Levine D, eds. <em>Diagnostic Ultrasound</em>. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2024:chap 26.</p><p>Bonaca MP, Creager MA. Peripheral artery diseases. In: Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Bhatt DL, Solomon SD, eds. <em>Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine</em>. 12th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 43.</p><p>Zahid M, Lockhart ME, Robbin ML. Peripheral arteries. In: Rumack CM, Levine D, eds. <em>Diagnostic Ultrasound</em>. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2024:chap 25.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 1/29/2024</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<div id="section-version" class="section-body"><p>Updated by: Jason Levy, MD, FSIR, Northside Radiology Associates, Atlanta, GA. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team. </p>
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