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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Capillary sample</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>A capillary sample is a blood sample collected by pricking the skin. Capillaries are tiny blood vessels near the surface of the skin.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How the Test is Performed</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>The test is done in the following way:</p><ul><li>The area is cleansed with antiseptic.</li><li>The skin of the finger, heel, or another area is pricked with a sharp needle or a lancet. </li><li>The blood may be collected in a pipette (small glass tube), on a slide, onto a test strip, or into a small container. </li><li>Cotton or a bandage may be applied to the puncture site if there is any continued bleeding.</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How the Test will Feel</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>Some people feel moderate pain. Others feel only a prick or stinging sensation. Afterward, there may be some throbbing.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Why the Test is Performed</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>Blood transports oxygen, food, waste products, and other materials within the body. It also helps regulate body temperature. Blood is made up of cells and a fluid called plasma. Plasma contains various dissolved substances. The cells are mainly red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.</p><p>Because blood has many functions, tests on the blood or its components provide valuable clues in the diagnosis of medical conditions.</p><p>Capillary blood sampling has several advantages over drawing blood from a vein:</p><ul><li>It is easy to obtain (it can be difficult to obtain blood from the veins, especially in infants).</li><li>There are several collection sites on the body, and these sites can be rotated.</li><li>Testing can be done at home and with little training. For example, persons with diabetes must check their blood sugar several times a day using capillary blood sampling. </li></ul><p>Disadvantages to capillary blood sampling include:</p><ul><li>Only a limited amount of blood can be drawn using this method.</li><li>The procedure has some risks (see below).</li><li>Capillary blood sampling may result in inaccurate results, such as falsely elevated sugar, electrolyte, and blood count values. </li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>What Abnormal Results Mean</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>Results vary depending on the test done. Your health care provider can tell you more.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Risks</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>Risks of this test may include any of the following:</p><ul><li>Excessive bleeding</li><li>Fainting or feeling lightheaded</li><li>Infection (a slight risk any time the skin is broken)</li><li>Scarring (occurs when there have been multiple punctures in the same area)</li><li>Calcified nodules (sometimes occurs in infants, but usually disappear by 30 months of age)</li><li>Damage to blood cells from this method of collection can sometimes cause inaccurate test results and the need to repeat the test with blood drawn from a vein</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Blood sample - capillary; Fingerstick; Heelstick</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/2961t.jpg" alt="Phenylketonuria test" title="Phenylketonuria test" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/2961.htm">Phenylketonuria test</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/9155t.jpg" alt="Capillary sample" title="Capillary sample" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/9155.htm">Capillary sample</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Rolon MEDV. Procedures. In: Anderson CC, Kapoor S, Mark TE, eds. <em>The Harriet Lane Handbook</em>. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2024:chap 4.</p><p>Vajpayee N, Graham SS, Bem S. Basic examination of blood and bone marrow. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. <em>Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods</em>. 24th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 31.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 4/25/2023</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<div id="section-version" class="section-body"><p>Updated by: Charles I. Schwartz, MD, FAAP, Clinical Assistant Professor of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, General Pediatrician at PennCare for Kids, Phoenixville, PA. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.</p>
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