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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Plasma amino acids</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Plasma amino acids is a screening test, usually done on infants that looks at the amounts of <a test="test" href="./002222.htm">amino acids</a> in the blood. Amino acids are the building blocks for proteins in the body.</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How the Test is Performed</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>Most of the time, blood is drawn from a vein located on the inside of the elbow or the back of the hand.</p><p>In infants or young children, a sharp tool called a lancet may be used to puncture the skin.</p><ul><li>The blood collects in a small glass tube called a pipette, or onto a slide or test strip.</li><li>A bandage is put over the spot to stop any bleeding.</li></ul><p>The blood sample is sent to a lab. There are several types of methods used to determine the individual amino acid levels in the blood.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How to Prepare for the Test</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>The person having the test may be asked not to eat 3 or more hours before the test. Check with your child's health care provider for specific advice.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>How the Test will Feel</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>There might be slight pain or a sting when the needle is inserted. You may also feel some throbbing at the site after the blood is drawn. The needle stick will probably cause an infant or child to cry.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Why the Test is Performed</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>This test is done to measure the level of amino acids in the blood.</p><p>An increased level of a particular amino acid shows that there is a problem with the body's ability to break down (metabolize) that amino acid.</p><p>The test may also be used to look for decreased levels of amino acids in the blood.</p><p>Increased or decreased levels of amino acids in the blood may occur with fevers, inadequate nutrition, and certain medical conditions.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Normal Results</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>All measurements are in micromoles per liter (µmol/L). Normal values may vary between different laboratories. Talk to your health care provider about your specific test results.</p><p>Alanine:</p><ul><li>Children: 200 to 450</li><li>Adults: 230 to 510</li></ul><p>Alpha-aminoadipic acid:</p><ul><li>Children: not detected</li><li>Adults: not detected</li></ul><p>Alpha-amino-N-butyric acid:</p><ul><li>Children: 8 to 37</li><li>Adults: 15 to 41</li></ul><p>Arginine:</p><ul><li>Children: 44 to 120</li><li>Adults: 13 to 64</li></ul><p>Asparagine:</p><ul><li>Children: 15 to 40</li><li>Adults: 45 to 130</li></ul><p>Aspartic acid:</p><ul><li>Children: 0 to 26</li><li>Adults: 0 to 6</li></ul><p>Beta-alanine:</p><ul><li>Children: 0 to 49</li><li>Adults: 0 to 29</li></ul><p>Beta-amino-isobutyric acid:</p><ul><li>Children: not detected</li><li>Adults: not detected</li></ul><p>Carnosine:</p><ul><li>Children: not detected</li><li>Adults: not detected</li></ul><p>Citrulline:</p><ul><li>Children: 16 to 32</li><li>Adults: 16 to 55</li></ul><p>Cystine:</p><ul><li>Children: 19 to 47</li><li>Adults: 30 to 65</li></ul><p>Glutamic acid:</p><ul><li>Children: 32 to 140</li><li>Adults: 18 to 98</li></ul><p>Glutamine:</p><ul><li>Children: 420 to 730</li><li>Adults: 390 to 650</li></ul><p>Glycine:</p><ul><li>Children: 110 to 240</li><li>Adults: 170 to 330</li></ul><p>Histidine:</p><ul><li>Children: 68 to 120</li><li>Adults: 26 to 120</li></ul><p>Hydroxyproline:</p><ul><li>Children: 0 to 5</li><li>Adults: not detected</li></ul><p>Isoleucine:</p><ul><li>Children: 37 to 140</li><li>Adults: 42 to 100 </li></ul><p>Leucine:</p><ul><li>Children: 70 to 170</li><li>Adults: 66 to 170</li></ul><p>Lysine:</p><ul><li>Children: 120 to 290</li><li>Adults: 150 to 220</li></ul><p>Methionine:</p><ul><li>Children: 13 to 30</li><li>Adults: 16 to 30</li></ul><p>1-methylhistidine:</p><ul><li>Children: not detected</li><li>Adults: not detected</li></ul><p>3-methylhistidine:</p><ul><li>Children: 0 to 52</li><li>Adults: 0 to 64</li></ul><p>Ornithine:</p><ul><li>Children: 44 to 90</li><li>Adults: 27 to 80 </li></ul><p>Phenylalanine:</p><ul><li>Children: 26 to 86</li><li>Adults: 41 to 68</li></ul><p>Phosphoserine:</p><ul><li>Children: 0 to 12</li><li>Adults: 0 to 12</li></ul><p>Phosphoethanolamine:</p><ul><li>Children: 0 to 12</li><li>Adults: 0 to 55</li></ul><p>Proline:</p><ul><li>Children: 130 to 290</li><li>Adults: 110 to 360</li></ul><p>Serine:</p><ul><li>Children: 93 to 150</li><li>Adults: 56 to 140 </li></ul><p>Taurine:</p><ul><li>Children: 11 to 120</li><li>Adults: 45 to 130</li></ul><p>Threonine:</p><ul><li>Children: 67 to 150</li><li>Adults: 92 to 240</li></ul><p>Tyrosine:</p><ul><li>Children: 26 to 110</li><li>Adults: 45 to 74</li></ul><p>Valine:</p><ul><li>Children: 160 to 350</li><li>Adults: 150 to 310</li></ul><p>The examples above show the common measurements for results for these tests. Some laboratories use different measurements or may test different specimens.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>What Abnormal Results Mean</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>An increase in the total level of amino acids in the blood may be due to:</p><ul><li>Eclampsia</li><li>Inborn error of metabolism</li><li>Fructose intolerance</li><li>Ketoacidosis (from diabetes)</li><li>Kidney failure</li><li>Reye syndrome</li><li>Laboratory error</li></ul><p>A decrease in the total level of amino acids in the blood may be due to:</p><ul><li>Adrenal cortical hyperfunction</li><li>Fever</li><li>Hartnup disease</li><li>Inborn error of metabolism</li><li>Huntington chorea</li><li>Malnutrition</li><li>Nephrotic syndrome</li><li>Phlebotomus fever</li><li>Rheumatoid arthritis</li><li>Laboratory error</li></ul><p>High or low amounts of individual plasma amino acids must be considered with other information. Abnormal results may be due to diet, hereditary problems, or effects of a medicine.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Considerations</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-7" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-7"><p>Screening infants for increased levels of amino acids can help detect problems with metabolism. Early treatment for these conditions may prevent complications in the future.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Dietzen DJ, Vieira Willrich MA. Amino acids, peptides, and proteins. In: Rifai N, Chiu RWK, Young I, Burnham C-A D, Wittwer CT, eds. <em>Tietz Textbook of Laboratory Medicine. </em>7th ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2023:chap 31.</p><p>Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM. Defects in metabolism of amino acids. In: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. <em>Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics.</em> 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 103.</p><p>Riley RS, McPherson RA. Basic examination of urine. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. <em>Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods.</em> 24th ed. Elsevier; 2022:chap 29.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 4/24/2023</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<div id="section-version" class="section-body"><p>Updated by: Anna C. Edens Hurst, MD, MS, Associate Professor in Medical Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team. </p>
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