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</div><div><span>Cervical polyps</span></div></div>
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<article><div id="d-article"><div class="page-info"><div class="page-title"><a name="start" id="start">
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</a><h1 class="with-also" itemprop="name">Cervical polyps</h1>
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</noscript></div><div class="main"><div id="ency_summary"><p>Cervical polyps are fingerlike growths on the lower part of the uterus that connects with the vagina (<a test="test" href="./002317.htm">cervix</a>).</p></div><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Causes</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-1" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-1"><p>The exact cause of cervical polyps is not known. They may occur with:</p><ul><li>An abnormal response to increased levels of the female hormone estrogen</li><li><a test="test" href="./002312.htm">Chronic</a> inflammation</li><li>Clogged blood vessels in the cervix</li></ul><p>Cervical polyps are common. They are often found in women over age 40 who have had many children. Polyps are rare in young women who have not started having their period (menstruation).</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Symptoms</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-2" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-2"><p>Polyps do not always cause symptoms. When symptoms are present, they may include:</p><ul><li>Very heavy menstrual periods</li><li>Vaginal bleeding after douching or intercourse</li><li><a test="test" href="./003156.htm">Abnormal vaginal bleeding</a> after <a test="test" href="./000894.htm">menopause</a> or between periods</li><li>White or yellow mucus (leukorrhea)</li></ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Exams and Tests</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-3" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-3"><p>Your health care provider will perform a pelvic exam. Some smooth, red or purple fingerlike growths will be seen on the cervix.</p><p>Most often, the provider will remove the polyp with a gentle tug and send it for testing (biopsy). Most of the time, the biopsy will show cells that are consistent with a benign polyp. Rarely, there may be abnormal, precancerous, or cancer cells in a polyp.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Treatment</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-4" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-4"><p>The provider can remove polyps during a simple outpatient procedure. </p><ul><li>Smaller polyps may be removed with gentle twisting.</li><li>Electrocautery may be needed to remove larger polyps.</li></ul><p>The removed polyp tissue should be sent to a lab for further tests.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Outlook (Prognosis)</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-5" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-5"><p>Most polyps are not cancerous (benign) and are easy to remove. Polyps do not grow back most of the time. Women who have polyps are at risk of growing more polyps.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Possible Complications</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-6" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-6"><p>There may be bleeding and slight cramping for a few days after removal of a polyp. Some cervical cancers may first appear as a polyp. Certain uterine polyps may be associated with uterine cancer.
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</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>When to Contact a Medical Professional</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-7" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-7"><p>Contact your provider if you have:</p><ul><li>Abnormal bleeding from the vagina, including bleeding after sex or between periods</li><li>Abnormal discharge from the vagina</li><li>Abnormally heavy periods </li><li>Bleeding or spotting after menopause</li></ul><p>Contact your provider to schedule regular gynecological exams. Ask how often you should receive a <a test="test" href="./003911.htm">Pap test</a>.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Prevention</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-8" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-8"><p>See your provider to treat infections as soon as possible.</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Alternative Names</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Alt" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Alt"><p>Vaginal bleeding - polyps</p></div></div></section><section><div class="section sec-mb"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Images</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-tnails" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/1112t.jpg" alt="Female reproductive anatomy" title="Female reproductive anatomy" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/1112.htm">Female reproductive anatomy</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/17036t.jpg" alt="Cervical polyps" title="Cervical polyps" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/17036.htm">Cervical polyps</a></li>
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<li><img src="//medlineplus.gov/ency/images/ency/tnails/19263t.jpg" alt="Uterus" title="Uterus" class="side-img"/><a href="../imagepages/19263.htm">Uterus</a></li>
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</ul></div></div></section><section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>References</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-Ref" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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</div></div><div class="section-body" id="section-Ref"><p>Choby BA. Cervical polyps. In: Fowler GC, ed. <em>Pfenninger and Fowler's Procedures for Primary Care.</em> 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 123.</p><p>Dolan MS, Hill CC, Valea FA. Benign gynecologic lesions: vulva, vagina, cervix, uterus, oviduct, ovary, ultrasound imaging of pelvic structures. In: Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, Lobo RA, eds. <em>Comprehensive Gynecology.</em> 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 18.</p></div></div></section>
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<section><div class="section"><div class="section-header"><div class="section-title"><h2>Review Date 3/31/2024</h2></div><div class="section-button"><button type="submit" aria-controls="section-version" role="button" title="Expand/Collapse section"><span class="icon icon-section-action">
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<div id="section-version" class="section-body"><p>Updated by: LaQuita Martinez, MD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Emory Johns Creek Hospital, Alpharetta, GA. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team. </p>
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