1423 lines
150 KiB
HTML
1423 lines
150 KiB
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<article id="post-3433" class="post-3433 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-about-us category-collections category-news category-rare-books-journals tag-data tag-digitization tag-john-shaw-billings tag-research tag-text-mining">
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<img width="900" height="360" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/feature1.jpg?resize=900%2C360&ssl=1" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="A data visualization made up of the following words, from large to small: Analytics, Monographs, Dissertationis, Cross References, Journals, Notes, Portraits." decoding="async" data-attachment-id="3438" data-permalink="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/03/04/indexcat-search-it-read-it-download-it/feature1/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/feature1.jpg?fit=935%2C360&ssl=1" data-orig-size="935,360" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="IndexCat Word Cloud" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/feature1.jpg?fit=300%2C116&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/feature1.jpg?fit=840%2C323&ssl=1" />
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<h1 class="entry-title">IndexCat™: Search It, Read It, Download It</h1>
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<div class="entry-meta"><span class="meta-date"><svg class="icon icon-standard" aria-hidden="true" role="img"> <use xlink:href="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/themes/tortuga/assets/icons/genericons-neue.svg#standard"></use> </svg><a href="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/03/04/indexcat-search-it-read-it-download-it/" title="11:00 AM" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date published updated" datetime="2014-03-04T11:00:28-05:00">March 4, 2014</time></a></span><span class="meta-author"> <svg class="icon icon-user" aria-hidden="true" role="img"> <use xlink:href="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/themes/tortuga/assets/icons/genericons-neue.svg#user"></use> </svg><span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/author/bethmullen/" title="View all posts by Circulating Now" rel="author">Circulating Now</a></span></span><span class="meta-category"> <svg class="icon icon-category" aria-hidden="true" role="img"> <use xlink:href="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/themes/tortuga/assets/icons/genericons-neue.svg#category"></use> </svg><a href="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/category/about-us/" rel="category tag">About Us</a>, <a href="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/category/collections/" rel="category tag">Collections</a>, <a href="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/category/news/" rel="category tag">News</a>, <a href="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/category/collections/rare-books-journals/" rel="category tag">Rare Books & Journals</a></span><span class="meta-comments"> <svg class="icon icon-edit" aria-hidden="true" role="img"> <use xlink:href="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/themes/tortuga/assets/icons/genericons-neue.svg#edit"></use> </svg><a href="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/03/04/indexcat-search-it-read-it-download-it/#comments">6 comments</a></span></div>
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<p><em>By Jeffrey S. Reznick</em></p>
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<figure id="attachment_3441" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-3441" style="width: 220px" class="wp-caption alignright"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_b029103.png"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" data-attachment-id="3441" data-permalink="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/03/04/indexcat-search-it-read-it-download-it/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_b029103/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_b029103.png?fit=880%2C1200&ssl=1" data-orig-size="880,1200" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="R-_HMDWebPrograms_Blog-Content_2014_02_2014_IndexCat_b029103" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>John Shaw Billings, 1838–1913</p>
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" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_b029103.png?fit=220%2C300&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_b029103.png?fit=751%2C1024&ssl=1" class="size-medium wp-image-3441 " src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_b029103.png?resize=220%2C300" alt="Photograph of Billings in middle age." width="220" height="300" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-3441" class="wp-caption-text">John Shaw Billings, 1838–1913<br /><a title="NLM Digital Collection" href="http://resource.nlm.nih.gov/101393850">NLM #b029103</a></figcaption></figure>
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<p>When <a title="NLM Digital Collection" href="http://resource.nlm.nih.gov/101575868">John Shaw Billings</a> was posted to the Army Surgeon General’s office in 1865 and put in charge of its small collection of books, he soon envisioned creating the most comprehensive medical collection possible. As the collection grew, Billings realized that it needed be <a title="National Library of Medicine" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/buildingnlm/intro.html">“catalogued and open…as complete as it can be made”</a> and searchable by subject, which had never before been possible. Over 175 years later, the work of generations of dedicated public servants has brought his vision to reality: the <a title="National Library of Medicine" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/about/briefhistory.html">National Library of Medicine</a>, the largest medical library in the world.</p>
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<p>Today, the NLM’s historical collections include millions of items that span the centuries in a wide variety of formats: books, journals, photographs, motion picture films, film strips, video tapes, audio recordings, pamphlets, ephemera, and portraits. These collections stand among others that consist of more modern formats: <a title="NLM's Circulating Now" href="http://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2013/12/05/future-explorations-of-the-modern-flu/">born digital materials</a> and rich databases such as <a title="NLM's IndexCat" href="http://www.indexcat.nlm.nih.gov/">IndexCat™</a>, a searchable presentation of the unique and staggeringly useful research tool initiated by Billings, the <a href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/indexcat/abouticatalogue.html"><i>Index-Catalogue of the Library of the Surgeon-General’s Office</i></a>. Billings’s primary activity, as he began his great project, was to launch the <i>Index-Catalogue</i>. The first series of this enormous document, <a title="NLM's Digital Collection" href="http://resource.nlm.nih.gov/8104689S1">published in 16 volumes</a> between 1880 and 1895, organized the books, journal articles, pamphlets, theses, and many other items in the Library’s collection under a vast array of subject headings for ease of research. Eventually, five <i>Index-Catalogue</i> series were published: a total 61 volumes, the last appearing in 1961.</p>
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<figure id="attachment_3440" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-3440" style="width: 182px" class="wp-caption alignleft"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_4ddd.png"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" data-attachment-id="3440" data-permalink="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/03/04/indexcat-search-it-read-it-download-it/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_4ddd/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_4ddd.png?fit=728%2C1200&ssl=1" data-orig-size="728,1200" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="R-_HMDWebPrograms_Blog-Content_2014_02_2014_IndexCat_4ddd" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Volume 1 of the First Series (1880), in its original binding, of the Index-Catalogue of the Library of the Surgeon-General’s Office, published from 1880 to 1961.</p>
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" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_4ddd.png?fit=182%2C300&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_4ddd.png?fit=621%2C1024&ssl=1" class="size-medium wp-image-3440" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_4ddd.png?resize=182%2C300" alt="Leather spine with gold embossed text reading: Index-Catalogue of the Library of the Surgeon-General's Office U.S. Army." width="182" height="300" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-3440" class="wp-caption-text">The original binding of Volume 1 of the First Series, 1880</figcaption></figure>
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<p>These volumes, containing millions of bibliographic citations dating from over five centuries, represent the first systematic attempt to organize the complex world of medical literature into a form searchable by subject, not just by author or title. Moreover, these volumes contain many thousands of citations not found in any other print publication or database until the <i>Index-Catalogue</i> itself was digitized just recently, as I’ll cover in a moment.</p>
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<p>Recognizing that this resource was both a heavily-used research tool and awkward to search in printed form, the NLM in 1990 <a title="NLM's IndexCat" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/indexcat/abouticproject.html">embarked on a collaborative effort</a> to transfer the printed data into an online, searchable database, IndexCat™. Nearly all of the materials listed in the <i>Index-Catalogue</i> are still available at the National Library of Medicine, and IndexCat’s <a title="NLM's IndexCat" href="http://indexcat.nlm.nih.gov/">new interface</a> makes most items easier to find because of a new cross-searching link to NLM’s online public access catalog, LocatorPlus. However, not everything in IndexCat™ has been digitized and full-text online copies are not always available. One day in the far future it all might be—copyright and other issues notwithstanding—but in the meantime, you can still request most materials you find in IndexCat™ through our reference services, and we invite you to explore this resource and the window it opens onto our collections.</p>
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<p>The IndexCat™ interface also makes available, alongside the <i>Index-Catalogue</i> and as the result of yet another <a title="NLM's IndexCat" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/indexcat/aboutetkevk2.html">collaboration</a>: two other key resources in the history of medicine: the bibliographic reference publication <em>A Catalogue of Incipits of Mediaeval Scientific Writings in Latin </em>(eTK) <em>and the revised and expanded Scientific and Medical Writings in Old and Middle English: an Electronic Reference </em>(eVK2)<em>. These publications</em> encompass over 42,000 records of incipits, or the opening words of a medieval manuscript or early printed book. <em>N</em>ot all of these materials are at the NLM, but we have nonetheless made this important data set a part of IndexCat™ because of the historical significance of the material.</p>
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<figure id="attachment_3443" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-3443" style="width: 92px" class="wp-caption alignright"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_resolvercaw5js05.png"><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-attachment-id="3443" data-permalink="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/03/04/indexcat-search-it-read-it-download-it/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_resolvercaw5js05/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_resolvercaw5js05.png?fit=990%2C1600&ssl=1" data-orig-size="990,1600" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="R-_HMDWebPrograms_Blog-Content_2014_02_2014_IndexCat_resolverCAW5JS05" data-image-description="<p>A sample page from the First Series of the Index-Catalogue. The complex typography on the printed page was used to identify resource types, which represented a serious challenge to overcome in creating a digital resource.</p>
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" data-image-caption="<p>A sample page.</p>
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" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_resolvercaw5js05.png?fit=186%2C300&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_resolvercaw5js05.png?fit=634%2C1024&ssl=1" class="size-thumbnail wp-image-3443" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_resolvercaw5js05.png?resize=92%2C150" alt="A page of bibliographic citations under subject headings including: Hellebore, Helleday, Hellema, Hellenius and Heller." width="92" height="150" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-3443" class="wp-caption-text">A sample page.</figcaption></figure>
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<p>In addition to launching a new user interface for IndexCat™ which is cleaner and faster than before, we have taken several steps to make this resource even more accessible. We have newly scanned all 61 volumes of the printed <i>Index-Catalogue</i> and made them available in the NLM’s Digital Collections grouped by series: <a title="NLM's Digital Collection" href="http://resource.nlm.nih.gov/8104689S1">Series 1</a>, <a title="NLM's Digital Collection" href="http://resource.nlm.nih.gov/8104689S2">Series 2</a>, <a title="NLM's Digital Collection" href="http://resource.nlm.nih.gov/8104689S3">Series 3</a>, <a title="NLM's Digital Collection" href="http://resource.nlm.nih.gov/8104688S4">Series 4</a> and <a title="NLM's Digital Collection" href="http://resource.nlm.nih.gov/8209737S5">Series 5</a>.</p>
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<p>And if you are a data miner, you will appreciate that we have also released the <a title="NLM's IndexCat" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/indexcat/indexcatxml.html">Extensible Markup Language (XML) data from the entire IndexCat™ database</a>.</p>
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<figure id="attachment_3442" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-3442" style="width: 650px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_ggg.png"><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-attachment-id="3442" data-permalink="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/03/04/indexcat-search-it-read-it-download-it/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_ggg/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_ggg.png?fit=1600%2C831&ssl=1" data-orig-size="1600,831" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="R-_HMDWebPrograms_Blog-Content_2014_02_2014_IndexCat_ggg" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="<p>Visualization by Eileen Lee, showing by approximate proportion the types of the over 3.7 million resources listed in IndexCat™. Analytics (eg. journal and newspaper articles, obituaries, and letters) are the most common resource, numbering 2,553,270. Monographs number 616,337; dissertations 471,232; cross references 90,042; journals 32,103; notes 20,643; and portraits 4,408. Ms. Lee completed her six-month tenure in the NLM History of Medicine Division’s Volunteer Program in December. Her work entailed downloading the recently-released IndexCat™ XML files from the NLM website, converting the data into a separate format for data analysis, sorting and analyzing the IndexCat™ entries by “Type of Resource,” and, finally, extracting this data in a text format to generate word cloud visualizations. Ms. Lee is studying Demographic and Social Analysis at the University of California, Irvine, and is currently a Boren Fellow at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. </p>
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" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_ggg.png?fit=300%2C156&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_ggg.png?fit=840%2C436&ssl=1" class="size-large wp-image-3442" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/r-_hmdwebprograms_blog-content_2014_02_2014_indexcat_ggg.png?resize=650%2C337" alt="A data visualization made up of the following words, from large to small: Analytics, Monographs, Dissertationis, Cross References, Journals, Notes, Portraits." width="650" height="337" /></a><figcaption id="caption-attachment-3442" class="wp-caption-text">A Visualization by Eileen Lee, showing by approximate proportion the types of the over 3.7 million resources listed in IndexCat™. <a title="NLM's IndexCat" href="http://indexcat.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?&v:project=indexcat&v:sources=indexcat&sortby=ID&binning-state=pt%3d%3dAnalytic&">Analytics </a>(eg. journal and newspaper articles, obituaries, and letters) are the most common resource, numbering 2,553,270. <a title="NLM's IndexCat" href="http://indexcat.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?&v:project=indexcat&v:sources=indexcat&sortby=ID&binning-state=pt%3d%3dMonograph&">Monographs </a>number 616,337; <a title="NLM's IndexCat" href="http://indexcat.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?&v:project=indexcat&v:sources=indexcat&sortby=ID&binning-state=pt%3d%3dDissertation&">dissertations </a>471,232; <a title="NLM's IndexCat" href="http://indexcat.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?&v:project=indexcat&v:sources=indexcat&sortby=ID&binning-state=pt%3d%3dCrossReference&">cross references</a> 90,042; <a title="NLM's IndexCat" href="http://indexcat.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?&v:project=indexcat&v:sources=indexcat&sortby=ID&binning-state=pt%3d%3dJournal&">journals </a>32,103; <a title="NLM's IndexCat" href="http://indexcat.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?&v:project=indexcat&v:sources=indexcat&sortby=ID&binning-state=pt%3d%3dNote&">notes </a>20,643; and <a title="NLM's IndexCat" href="http://indexcat.nlm.nih.gov/vivisimo/cgi-bin/query-meta?&v:project=indexcat&v:sources=indexcat&sortby=ID&binning-state=pt%3d%3dPortrait&">portraits </a>4,408. Ms. Lee completed her six-month tenure in the <a title="National Library of Medicine" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/about/volunteer.html">NLM History of Medicine Division’s Volunteer Program </a>in December. Her work entailed downloading the recently-released IndexCat™ XML files from the NLM website, converting the data into a separate format for data analysis, sorting and analyzing the IndexCat™ entries by “Type of Resource,” and, finally, extracting this data in a text format to generate word cloud visualizations. Ms. Lee is studying Demographic and Social Analysis at the University of California, Irvine, and is currently a Boren Fellow at the Chinese University of Hong Kong.</figcaption></figure>
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<p>IndexCat™ is not only a unique reference tool, it is also an important part of our national heritage and medical heritage overall. We hope that by making this key resource in the history of medicine easier to search, read, and own will help it become known to new users and considered for new uses in research, education, and learning.</p>
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<p><em>Check out IndexCat™ in any one or more of its formats. We welcome your feedback at <a href="https://support.nlm.nih.gov/ics/support/KBList.asp?folderID=150&from=" target="_blank" rel="noopener">NLM Customer Support</a>. To learn more about the new interface read the</em> <a title="NLM Technical Bulletin" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/pubs/techbull/ma14/ma14_indexcat.html">NLM Technical Bulletin</a>.</p>
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<p><em>Learn more about John Shaw Billings through the online exhibition</em> <a title="National Library of Medicine" href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/buildingnlm/index.html">Building a National Medical Library on a Shoestring.</a></p>
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<p><em>Note: The contributions of several of my History of Medicine Division colleagues helped to make this post a reality. Thanks are due especially to Laurie DuQuette, Stephen Greenberg, Ken Koyle, Beth Mullen, and Michael North.</em></p>
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<div style="text-align:justify;padding-bottom:60px;"><em><a href="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/jeffrey-s-reznick.jpg"><img data-recalc-dims="1" loading="lazy" decoding="async" data-attachment-id="551" data-permalink="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2013/07/02/the-president-is-somewhat-restless-reenacting-the-summer-of-1881-and-the-days-following-the-assassination-of-president-james-a-garfield/jeffrey-s-reznick/" data-orig-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/jeffrey-s-reznick.jpg?fit=220%2C298&ssl=1" data-orig-size="220,298" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":""}" data-image-title="Jeffrey S. Reznick" data-image-description="" data-image-caption="" data-medium-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/jeffrey-s-reznick.jpg?fit=220%2C298&ssl=1" data-large-file="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/jeffrey-s-reznick.jpg?fit=220%2C298&ssl=1" class="alignleft wp-image-551" src="https://i0.wp.com/circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/jeffrey-s-reznick.jpg?resize=77%2C105" alt="Portrait of Jeffrey S. Reznick in the HMD Reading Room" width="77" height="105" /></a>Jeffrey S. Reznick, PhD, is Chief of the History of Medicine Division at the National Library of Medicine.</em></div>
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Pingback: <a href="https://geoffbarker.wordpress.com/2015/07/01/digital-humanities-conference-2015-useful-links-part-1/" class="url" rel="ugc external nofollow">Digital Humanities Conference 2015 Useful Links Part 1 | Geoff Barker's Blog</a> </div>
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Pingback: <a href="http://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/10/08/early-latin-american-medicine-in-the-nlm-collections/" class="url" rel="ugc">Early Latin American Medicine in the NLM Collections – Circulating Now from NLM</a> </div>
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Pingback: <a href="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2020/07/16/fletcher-the-forgotten-founder/" class="url" rel="ugc">Fletcher: The Forgotten Founder – Circulating Now from NLM</a> </div>
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Pingback: <a href="https://nlmdirector.nlm.nih.gov/2022/09/28/revealing-and-preserving-data-for-today-and-tomorrow/" class="url" rel="ugc external nofollow">Revealing and Preserving Data for Today and Tomorrow – NLM Musings from the Mezzanine</a> </div>
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Pingback: <a href="https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2016/07/01/three-times-around-and-still-circulating/" class="url" rel="ugc">Three Times Around and Still Circulating – Circulating Now from the NLM Historical Collections</a> </div>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2024/07/'> July 2024 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2024/05/'> May 2024 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2024/03/'> March 2024 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2024/02/'> February 2024 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2023/11/'> November 2023 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2022/10/'> October 2022 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2022/09/'> September 2022 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2022/04/'> April 2022 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2022/03/'> March 2022 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2022/02/'> February 2022 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2022/01/'> January 2022 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2021/12/'> December 2021 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2021/11/'> November 2021 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2021/10/'> October 2021 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2021/09/'> September 2021 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2021/01/'> January 2021 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2020/12/'> December 2020 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2020/11/'> November 2020 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2020/10/'> October 2020 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2020/09/'> September 2020 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2020/08/'> August 2020 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2019/12/'> December 2019 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2019/11/'> November 2019 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2019/10/'> October 2019 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2019/09/'> September 2019 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2019/08/'> August 2019 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2019/07/'> July 2019 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2019/04/'> April 2019 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2019/03/'> March 2019 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2019/02/'> February 2019 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2018/04/'> April 2018 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2018/03/'> March 2018 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2018/02/'> February 2018 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2018/01/'> January 2018 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2017/12/'> December 2017 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2017/11/'> November 2017 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2017/10/'> October 2017 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2017/09/'> September 2017 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2017/08/'> August 2017 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2017/07/'> July 2017 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2017/06/'> June 2017 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2017/05/'> May 2017 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2017/04/'> April 2017 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2017/03/'> March 2017 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2017/02/'> February 2017 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2017/01/'> January 2017 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2016/12/'> December 2016 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2016/11/'> November 2016 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2016/10/'> October 2016 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2016/09/'> September 2016 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2016/08/'> August 2016 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2016/07/'> July 2016 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2016/06/'> June 2016 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2016/05/'> May 2016 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2016/04/'> April 2016 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2016/03/'> March 2016 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2016/02/'> February 2016 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2015/08/'> August 2015 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2015/07/'> July 2015 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2015/06/'> June 2015 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2015/05/'> May 2015 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2015/04/'> April 2015 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2015/03/'> March 2015 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2015/02/'> February 2015 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2015/01/'> January 2015 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/12/'> December 2014 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/11/'> November 2014 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/10/'> October 2014 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/09/'> September 2014 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/08/'> August 2014 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/07/'> July 2014 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/06/'> June 2014 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/05/'> May 2014 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/04/'> April 2014 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/03/'> March 2014 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/02/'> February 2014 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2014/01/'> January 2014 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2013/11/'> November 2013 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2013/10/'> October 2013 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2013/09/'> September 2013 </option>
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<option value='https://circulatingnow.nlm.nih.gov/2013/08/'> August 2013 </option>
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||
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>
|
||
Subscribe </button>
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
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||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p class="has-text-align-center jetpack-subscription-modal__close" style="margin-top:20px;font-size:14px"><a href="#">Continue reading</a></p>
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||
|
||
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class="jp-carousel-wrap swiper-container jp-carousel-swiper-container jp-carousel-transitions"
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itemscope
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<div class="jp-carousel swiper-wrapper"></div>
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<div class="jp-swiper-button-next swiper-button-next">
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<div class="jp-carousel-image-meta">
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<div class="jp-carousel-title-and-caption">
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<div class="jp-carousel-photo-info">
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<div class="jp-carousel-photo-description"></div>
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||
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||
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||
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|
||
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||
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