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<title>Islamic Medical Manuscripts, Medical Monographs 9</title>
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<h1><a name="top"></a>Catalogue: Medical Monographs</h1>
<a name="a27item4"></a>
<dl>
<dt>
<img src="/share/images99/dot.png" alt="Blue arrow pointing to the right" title="Blue arrow" class="redarrow" />
<em>F&#299; taqdimat al-ma&#8216;rifah wa-ahk&#257;m al-burh&#257;n</em> &nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="ms">&nbsp;&nbsp;(MS A 27, item 4)</span></dt>
<dd>(<em>On Diagnosis and Prognosis and the Determination of the Crisis</em>)</dd>
<dd><strong>&#1601;&#1609; &#1578;&#1602;&#1583;&#1605;&#1577;
&#1575;&#1604;&#1605;&#1593;&#1585;&#1601;&#1577; &#1608;&#1575;&#1581;&#1603;&#1575;&#1605; &#1575;&#1604;&#1576;&#1585;&#1607;&#1575;&#1606;</strong></dd>
<dd>Anonymous</dd>
</dl>
<p class="indent">The <a href="glossary.html#manuscript">manuscript</a> at NLM contains the second part only (second <em>fann</em>) of an unidentified and apparently anonymous treatise on medical prognosis. Quotations from the commentary by <a href="bioI.html#alnafis">Ibn al-Naf&#299;s</a> on the <a href="glossary.html#hippocratic">Hippocratic</a> treatise on prognostics are contained in the margins of the treatise. For the influential Hippocratic treatise on prognostics, see (<a href="hippocratic.html#sharh1">MS A 27</a>) the section on Hippocratic writings.</p>
<p class="indent"><em>F&#299; taqdimat al-ma&#8216;rifah wa-ahk&#257;m al-burh&#257;n</em> &nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="ms">(MS A 27 item 4)</span></p>
<h2><span class="h2blue">Illustrations</span></h2>
<div class="img"><a href="images/a2741b.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="images/a2741bThumb.jpg" alt="Folio 41b from MS A 27 which begins Fī taqdimat al-marifah wa-ahkām al-burhān (On Diagnosis and Prognosis and the Determination of the Crisis). The burnished, glossy beige paper has lightly scattered fibres, vertical slightly curved laid lines, and faint single chain lines. The central text is written in a medium-small, compact, elegant and professional naskh script in black ink with headings in red and red overlinings. There are notes in the top right corner and along the right margin." title="MS A 27, fol. 41b" /></a>
<div class="desc"><span class="ms">MS A 27, fol. 41b</span>
</div></div>
<p class="indent">The opening of the second section (<em>fann</em>) of an unidentifed treatise on prognostics, with extensive marginal quotations from the commentary by <a href="bioI.html#alnafis">Ibn al-Naf&#299;s</a> on the <a href="glossary.html#hippocratic">Hippocratic</a> treatise on prognostics. Space was left for an <a href="glossary.html#illuminated">illuminated opening</a> which was not filled in. The copy was made in 1584/992.</p>
<br class="clearboth" />
<h2><span class="h2blue">Physical Description</span></h2>
<p class="indent">Arabic. 35 <a href="glossary.html#leaves">leaves</a> (fols. 41b-75a). <a href="glossary.html#dimensions">Dimensions</a> 24 x 13.6 (text area 16.3 x 6.8) cm; 19 lines per page. The title is given on fol. 41b, line 2. Quotations from the commentary by <a href="bioI.html#alnafis">Ibn al-Naf&#299;s</a>, here referred to as Qurash&#299;, are in the margins of the treatise occupying fols. 41b-75a. The treatise written at the center of the pages is on prognostics, but its author is unidentified; the title of the central treatise is given on fol. 41b, line 2, as <em>F&#299; taqdimat al-ma&#8216;rifah wa-ahk&#257;m al-burh&#257;n</em>. According to the heading on fol. 41b, this copy contains only the second part (<em>fann</em>) of the unidentified treatise; this <em>fann</em> is then subdivided into chapters (<em>maqalahs</em>). Space has been left for an <a href="glossary.html#illuminated">illuminated opening</a>, which was not filled in. </p>
<p class="indent">The text was copied by the same <a href="glossary.html#scribe">scribe</a> as recorded the first and third items in the volume. The first item in the volume was completed on 5 Rajab 992 [= 13 July 1584] by an unnamed scribe in Shahr Daylaman. The latter was a town in Persia in borough of Daylaman, which lay south-west of the large settlement of Lahijan close to the southern coast of the Caspian Sea, in the ancient Iranian province of Daylam (see the article "Daylam" by V. Minorsky in <a href="abbreviation.html#ei">EI (2nd ed.)</a>, vol. 2, pp. 189-194). </p>
<p class="indent">The central text is written in a medium-small, compact, elegant and professional <a href="glossary.html#naskh">naskh</a> script in black ink with headings in red and red <a href="glossary.html#overlinings">overlinings</a>. The text area has been <a href="glossary.html#frame">frame-ruled</a>. There are <a href="glossary.html#catchword">catchwords</a>.</p>
<p class="indent">The marginal annotations containing extracts from the commentary by <a href="bioI.html#alnafis">Ibn al-Naf&#299;s</a> appear to be by the same <a href="glossary.html#copyist">copyist</a>.</p>
<p class="indent">The burnished, glossy beige paper has lightly scattered fibres, vertical slightly curved <a href="glossary.html#laid">laid lines</a>, and faint single <a href="glossary.html#chain">chain lines</a> (but no <a href="glossary.html#watermarks">watermarks</a>). The paper is waterdamaged and stained with thumbing and grease. The edges have been trimmed from their original size, and some of the marginal commentaries have been cut off.</p>
<p class="indent">The volume consists of 77 leaves. Fol. 1a is blank except for an incorrect title in a later hand and the trace of an owner's note. The first item (fols. 1b-38a) contains the anatomical sections from the Q&#257;n&#363;n of <a href="bioA.html#avicenna">Avicenna</a> (<a href="E9_E10.html#E9">MS A 27, item 1</a>); the second item (fols. 38b-39b) is <em>Kashf ba&#8216;d al-lughah min al-Q&#257;n&#363;n wa-ghayrihi</em>, an anonymous commentary on terms in the <em>Qanun</em> (<a href="C11_C15.html#C12">MS A 27, item 2</a>); and the third item on fol. 41a is a short anonymous essay on oxymel (<a href="pharmaceutics25.html">MS A 27, item 3</a>). The fourth item (fols. 41b-75a) is the item here catalogued, and the final item (fols. 75b-76b) contains magical procedures and invocations useful for illness (<a href="magical5.html">MS A 27, item 5</a>). Fols. 40a and 77b are blank; fols. 40b and 77a are blank except for an owner's annotations.</p>
<h2><span class="h2blue">Binding</span></h2>
<p class="indent">The volume is bound in brown leather library binding. There are modern paper <a href="glossary.html#pastedowns">pastedowns</a> and <a href="glossary.html#endpapers">endpapers</a>. </p>
<h2><span class="h2blue">Provenance</span></h2>
<p class="indent">On fol. 40b there is a note stating that the owner (<em>malik</em>) is Is<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7717;</font>&#257;q, the physician in Damascus (<em>tabib fi Damashq al-sham</em>) in the year 1240 [= 1824-5]. On fol. 77a there are various owners' notations, including the statement that this volume is the <em>Kanz al-atibba'</em> (<em>The Treasure of Physicians</em>) belonging to <em>al-faqir</em> Ishaq the physician (<em>al-tabib</em>) in the year 1251 [= 1835-6] and another statement that this <em>Kanz al-atibba'</em> belonged to one of the skilled wound-healers (<em>ahad min al-hudhdhaq al-sabur</em>) Is<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7717;</font>&#257;q Dhil<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7789;</font>&#257; al-Yah&#363;d&#299;, medical practitioner in Damascus (<em>al- muta<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7789;</font>abbib fi Dimashq al-Sham</em>); this is presumably the same owner. His assistant (<em>&#8216;abd</em>) is named, on both fol. 77a and in yet another signature on fol. 38a, as Ibraham Rumanu <em>tabib</em>. On fol. 1a the title <em>Kanz al-atibba'</em> is repeated. On the basis of these owners' notes, Sommer incorrectly catalogued this <a href="glossary.html#manuscript">manuscript</a> as a copy of a treatise titled <em>Kanz al-atibba'</em> written by Malik Is<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7717;</font>&#257;q, a Jewish physician of Damascus (see <a href="abbreviation.html#schullian">Schullian/Sommer</a>, <em>Cat. of incun. &amp; MSS.</em>, p. 306 entry A 27).</p>
<p class="indent">The volume was purchased in 1941 by the Army Medical Library from A. S. Yahuda who acquired it in Cairo. <a href="mon7.html#a23">NLM MS A 23</a> was acquired in Cairo in the same lot. On the front endpaper several earlier labels have been pasted, including one giving the designation "ELS 1665" and two smaller ones "M[ed.] 44". </p>
<h2><span class="h2blue">References</span></h2>
<p class="indent"><a href="abbreviation.html#schullian">Schullian &amp; Sommer</a>, <em>Cat. of incun. &amp; MSS.</em>, p. 306 entry A 27 [this item is incorrectly catalogued as a copy of a treatise titled <em>Kanz al-atibba'</em> written by Malik Ishaq, a Jewish physician of Damascus]; <a href="abbreviation.html#hamarnehN">Hamarneh, "NLM"</a> p. 82, where it is said that it is a compilation made by "a certain Jewish Physician, Malak Ishaq of Damascus, possibly of the early Mamluk period", and it is stated that the copy was made in Shar Dilman.</p>
<p class="psource">NLM Microfilm Reel: FILM 48-117 no. 3</p>
<hr />
<br class="clearboth" />
<a name="p29item4"></a>
<p class="indent">NLM has one <a href="glossary.html#manuscript">manuscript</a> (<a href="natural_hist6.html">MS P 29</a>) that has 35 short Persian treatises written in the margins, surrounding the main Persian text in the center of each page which is a copy of the Persian version of <em>Kit&#257;b &#8216;Aj&#257;&#8217;ib al-makhl&#363;q&#257;t wa-ghar&#257;&#8217;ib al-mawj&#363;d&#257;t</em> (<em>Marvels of Things Created and Miraculous Aspects of Things Existing</em>) written in the 13th century by <a href="bioQ.html#qazwini">Zakar&#299;y&#257;&#8217; ibn Mu<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7717;</font>ammad al-Qazw&#299;n&#299;</a>. Amongst these 35 marginal treatises are three concerned with diagnosis by palpitation of the pulse. Two of the treatises are concerned in particular with the diagnosis of lovesickness from changes in the pulse when the name of the loved one is mentioned.</p>
<dl>
<dt><img src="/share/images99/dot.png" alt="Blue arrow pointing to the right" title="Blue arrow" class="redarrow" />
<em>Muqaddimah-i nabz</em> &nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="ms">(MS P 29, marginal item 4)</span></dt>
<dd>(<em>Introductory Treatise on the Pulse</em>)</dd>
<dd><strong>&#1605;&#1602;&#1583;&#1605;&#1607; &#1606;&#1576;&#1590;</strong></dd>
<dd>Anonymous</dd>
</dl>
<p class="indent">No author is supplied for this introductory essay on diagnosis by pulse.</p>
<p class="indent">No other copy has been identified.</p>
<h2><span class="h2blue">Physical Description</span></h2>
<p class="indent">Persian. 3 <a href="glossary.html#leaves">leaves</a> (margins of fols. 10b-12a). <a href="glossary.html#dimensions">Dimensions</a> 35.5 x 21 (text area 31 x 4.5) cm. Text written diagonally in margins.</p>
<hr />
<br class="clearboth" />
<dl>
<dt>
<img src="/share/images99/dot.png" alt="Blue arrow pointing to the right" title="Blue arrow" class="redarrow" />
<a name="p29item5"></a><em>Muqaddimah-i &#8216;ishq</em> &nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="ms">(MS P 29, marginal item 5)</span></dt>
<dd>(<em>Introductory Treatise on Lovesickness</em>)</dd>
<dd><strong>&#1605;&#1602;&#1583;&#1605;&#1607; &#1593;&#1588;&#1602;</strong></dd>
<dd>Anonymous</dd>
</dl>
<p class="indent">No author is supplied for this introductory essay on the diagnosis of lovesickness through changes in pulse.</p>
<p class="indent">No other copy has been identified.</p>
<h2><span class="h2blue">Physical Description</span></h2>
<p class="indent">Persian. 2 <a href="glossary.html#leaves">leaves</a> (margins of fols. 18a-19b). <a href="glossary.html#dimensions">Dimensions</a> 35.5 x 21 (text area 31 x 4.5) cm. Text written diagonally in margins.</p>
<hr />
<br class="clearboth" />
<dl>
<dt>
<img src="/share/images99/dot.png" alt="Blue arrow pointing to the right" title="Blue arrow" class="redarrow" />
<a name="p29item7"></a><em>Dar &#8216;ishq</em> &nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="ms">(MS P 29, marginal item 7)</span></dt>
<dd>(<em>On Lovesickness</em>)</dd>
<dd><strong>&#1583;&#1585; &#1593;&#1588;&#1602;</strong></dd>
<dd>Anonymous</dd>
</dl>
<p class="indent"> No author is supplied for this essay on the diagnosis of lovesickness through changes in pulse.</p>
<p class="indent">No other copy has been identified.</p>
<h2><span class="h2blue">Physical Description</span></h2>
<p class="indent">Persian. 3 <a href="glossary.html#leaves">leaves</a> (margins of fols. 23a-25b). <a href="glossary.html#dimensions">Dimensions</a> 35.5 x 21 (text area 31 x 4.5) cm. Text written diagonally in margins.</p>
<p class="indent">The <a href="glossary.html#manuscript">manuscript</a> (<a href="natural_hist6.html">P 29</a>) which contains these three items is undated but signed by the <a href="glossary.html#scribe">scribe</a>, Sayyid Husayn Yazdi. There is a portrait of a scribe immediately below the <a href="glossary.html#colophon">colophon</a> giving the scribe's name (fol. 173a). The volume must have been completed before 1546/953 H, when an owner's stamp for one &#8216;Im&#257;d al-D&#299;n Zakar&#299;y&#257;&#8217; ibn Mu<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7717;</font>ammad ibn Ma<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7717;</font>m&#363;d Lim&#363;n&#299; was placed in the volume. It appears to have been copied in India. </p>
<p class="indent">The text is written in the same hand as the main text in the volume. The marginal text is written in a small, compact, professional, and elegant <a href="glossary.html#taliq">ta&#8216;liq</a> tending toward <a href="glossary.html#naskh">naskh</a> script in black ink with headings in red and red <a href="glossary.html#overlinings">overlinings</a>. There are <a href="glossary.html#catchword">catchwords</a> for the central text, which is enclosed in <a href="glossary.html#frames">frames</a> of blue, red, <a href="glossary.html#gilt">gilt</a>, and black lines. The marginal text is written in short diagonal lines between the frame enclosing the central text and a larger frame of blue, gilt, and black lines.</p>
<p class="indent">The glossy yellow-brown paper is moderately thin with only <a href="glossary.html#laid">laid lines</a> visible. There is some water damage near the edges, and the edges have been trimmed from their original size. Fols. 1 and 173 have been reinforced. </p>
<p class="indent">There are 173 <a href="glossary.html#leaves">leaves</a> in the volume. Fols. 1a and 173b are blank. The main item in the volume, occupying the central text area of fols. 1b-173a is <em>&#8216;Aj&#257;&#8217;ib al-makhl&#363;q&#257;t wa-ghar&#257;&#8217;ib al-mawj&#363;d&#257;t</em> by <a href="bioQ.html#qazwini">al-Qazw&#299;n&#299;</a> (<a href="natural_hist6.html">MS P 29</a>). There are 35 distinct treatises written in the wide margins of the folios. The marginal items are: <a href="natural_hist7.html#p29">MS P 29, marginal item 1</a>: (fol. 1b) <em>Dar <font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7717;</font>aq&#299;qat-i &#8216;&#257;lam</em>, anon.; <a href="physiognomy4.html">MS P 29, marginal item 2</a>: (fols. 2a-3b) <em>Ris&#257;lah-i qiy&#257;fah</em> by <a href="bioS.html#sayyid">Sayyid &#8216;Al&#299; Hamd&#257;n&#299;</a>; <a href="E14_E16.html#E16">MS P 29, marginal item 3</a>: (fols. 3b-10b) <em>Ris&#257;lah-i <font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7717;</font>ifz al-<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7779;</font>i<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7717;</font><font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7717;</font>ah </em> by <a href="bioJ.html#jurjani">al-Jurj&#257;n&#299;</a>; MS P 29, margin item 4: (fols. 10b-12a) is here catalogued; MS P 29, margin item 5: (fols. 18a-19b) is here catalogued ; <a href="crafts2.html">MS P 29, margin item 6</a>: (fols. 19b-22b) <em>Ris&#257;lah-i shar<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7717;</font>-i pat</em>, anon.; MS P 29, margin item 7: (fols. 23a-25b) is here catalogued; <a href="adab_literature4.html#p29item8">MS P 29, marginal item 8</a>: (fols. 26a-29b) <em>Ris&#257;lah-i <font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7789;</font>ar&#299;qah-i naqsh-band&#299;y</em>, anon.; <a href="astronomy3.html#p29item9">MS P 29, marginal item 9</a>: (fols. 33b-33b) on astronomical principles, untitled, anon.; <a href="astronomy3.html#p29item10">MS P 29, marginal item 10</a>: (fol. 41a) on the zodiacal sign of Cancer, untitled, anon.; <a href="natural_hist7.html">MS P 29, marginal item 11</a>: (fols. 42b-45a) on ancient authorities, untitled, anon.; <a href="astronomy3.html#p29item12">MS P 29, marginal item 12</a>: (fols. 45b-46b) <em><font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7716;</font>aq&#299;qat-i <font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7789;</font>&#363;l-i va &#8216;ar<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7693;</font>-i aq&#257;l&#299;m</em>, anon.; <a href="astrology6.html#p29item13">MS P 29, marginal item 13</a>: (fols. 52a-53b) on astrology and magic, untitled, anon.; <a href="diet6.html#p29item14">MS P 29, marginal item 14</a>: (fols. 54a-56b) <em>Ris&#257;la dar kh&#257;<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7779;</font><font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7779;</font>&#299;yat-i zan&#257;n</em>, anon.; <a href="astrology3.html">MS P 29, marginal item 15</a>: (fols. 57a-62a) on magic squares and talismans, untitled, anon.; <a href="magical7.html">MS P 29, marginal item 16</a>: (fols. 62a-63b) <em>Ris&#257;lah dar haw&#257;<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7779;</font><font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7779;</font></em>, attributed to <a href="bioA.html#avicenna">Ibn S&#299;n&#257;</a>; <a href="mathematics2.html">MS P 29, marginal item 17</a>: (fols. 63b-66b) <em>Muqaddim&#257;t-i <font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7717;</font>is&#257;b</em>, anon.; <a href="astrology6.html#p29item18">MS P 29, marginal item 18</a>: (fols. 66b-70a) on numerology and lunar mansions, untitled, anon.; <a href="magical9.html">MS P 29, marginal item 19</a>: (fols. 70a-73b) on occult properties, untitled, anon.; <a href="astrology6.html#p29item20">MS P 29, marginal item 20</a>: (fols. 73b-77b) <em>Muqaddimah-i raml</em>, anon.; <a href="gameplaying1.html#p29item21">MS P 29, marginal item 21</a>: (fol. 77b) <em>Muqaddimah-i ganjifah</em>, anon.; <a href="gameplaying1.html#p29item22">MS P 29, marginal item 22</a>: (fol. 77b) <em> Muqaddimah-i sha<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7789;</font>ranj</em>, anon.; <a href="astrology6.html#p29item23">MS P 29, marginal item 23</a>: (fols. 78a-80b) on magical alphabets, untitled, anon.; <a href="general_history2.html#p29item24">MS P 29, marginal item 24</a>: (fols. 81a-88b) <em>Khul&#257;<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7779;</font>ah-i taw&#257;r&#299;kh</em>, anon.; <a href="general_history2.html#p29item25">MS P 29, marginal item 25</a>: (fols. 88b-91a) <em>Khul&#257;<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7779;</font>ah-i r&#257;j&#257;wat&#299;</em>, anon.; <a href="general_history2.html#p29item26">MS P 29, marginal item 26</a>: (fols. 92a-93a) on wonders among world rulers, untitled, anon.; <a href="adab_literature4.html">MS P 29, marginal item 27</a>: (fols. 96a-99a) reports and sayings of learned Sufi shaykhs (untitled), anon.; <a href="adab_literature4.html#p29item28">MS P 29, marginal item 28</a>: (fols. 99a-101b) <em>Dar akhl&#257;q-i <font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7717;</font>am&#299;dah</em>, anon.; <a href="adab_literature4.html#p29item29">MS P 29, marginal item 29</a>: (fols. 101b-108a) <em> Tu<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7717;</font>fat al-wuzar&#257;' </em>, anon.; <a href="astrology6.html#p29item30">MS P 29, marginal item 30</a>: (fols. 108b-109b) on magic, untitled, anon.; <a href="astrology4.html#p29item31">MS P 29, marginal item 31</a>: (fols. 114b-129a, 132a-140a, 141a-147a, 148a-162a) on medical-magical procedures (untitled) by <a href="bioI.html#muttalib">Ibn &#8216;Abd al-Mu<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7789;</font><font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7789;</font>alib</a>; <a href="diet11.html#p29item32">MS P 29, marginal item 32</a>: (fols. 162a-165a) <em>Ris&#257;lah dar akl va shurb</em>, anon.; <a href="natural_hist12.html#p29item33">MS P 29, marginal item 33</a>: (fol. 166a) <em>Dar <font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7717;</font>isab-i siy&#257;q-i <font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7717;</font>ayawan&#257;t</em>, anon.; <a href="pharmaceutics43.html">MS P 29, marginal item 34</a>: (fols. 167a-167b) on compound recipes, untitled, anon.; and <a href="astrology6.html#p29item35">MS P 29, marginal item 35</a>: (fols. 169a-172b) <em>Khaw&#257;<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7779;</font><font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7779;</font>-i jafr&#257;t</em>, anon. There are no marginal texts on fols. 12b-17b, 30a-31b, 34a-40b, 41b-42a, 47a-51b, 91b, 93b-95a, 110a-114b, 129b-131b, 140b, 141b-142a, 147b, 165b, 166b, 168a, 168b [only marginal corrections], and 173a.</p>
<h2><span class="h2blue">Binding</span></h2>
<p class="indent">The volume is bound in <a href="glossary.html#pasteboards">pasteboards</a> covered with dark-brown leather. On the covers there are gold-tooled frames filled with acanthus leaves, with flowers or a star in the center and corners. The spine has gold-stamped flowers and a border. The binding is not original. There are modern <a href="glossary.html#pastedowns">pastedowns</a> and <a href="glossary.html#endpapers">endpapers</a>.</p>
<h2><span class="h2blue">Provenance</span></h2>
<p class="indent">There is an owner's stamp dated 1546/953 H with the name &#8216;Im&#257;d al-D&#299;n Zakar&#299;y&#257;&#8217; ibn Mu<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7717;</font>ammad ibn Ma<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">&#7717;</font>m&#363;d Lim&#363;n&#299; (fol. 173a).</p>
<p class="indent">The volume was purchased from R. Thomas Heller, New York, on 3 August 1949. No further information is available on the provenance.</p>
<h2><span class="h2blue">References</span></h2>
<p class="indent">[unpublished]</p>
<p class="psource">NLM Microfilm Reel: FILM 55-41 no. 3</p>
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