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<h1><a name="top"></a>Catalogue: Alchemy</h1>
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<p><a href="bioJ.html#jaldaki">‘Izz al-Dīn Aydamir ibn ‘Abd Allāh al-Jaldakī</a> (<a href="glossary.html#d">d.</a> 1342/743)</p>
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<p class="indent"> al-Jaldakī was one of the last and one of the greatest of medieval Islamic alchemists. He was apparently born in Jaldak, a district of Khurasan about 15 kilometers from Mashhad in Iran and spent seventeen years travelling extensively before settling in Egypt where he composed many of his alchemical treatises, of which the National Library of Medicine has three examples.</p>
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<dt>
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<img src="/share/images99/dot.png" alt="Blue arrow pointing to the right" title="Blue arrow" class="redarrow" />
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<em>Ghāyat al-surur fi sharh dīwān Shudhūr al-dhahab</em> <span class="ms"> (MS A 14)</span></dt>
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<dd><strong>غياة فى شرح ديوان شذور الذهب</strong></dd>
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<dd>(<em>The Acme of Pleasure in the Commentary on the Poems 'Nuggets of Gold'</em>) </dd>
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<dd>by ‘Izz al-Dīn Aydamir ibn ‘Abd Allāh al-Jaldakī (d. 1342/743)</dd>
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<dd><strong>عز الدين ايدمر
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ابن عبد الله
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الجلدكى</strong></dd>
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<p class="indent">This is a commentary on an allegorical, alchemical poem,<em> Shudhur al-dhahab</em> (<em>Nuggets of Gold</em>) by <a href="bioA.html#arfa">Ibn Arfa‘ Ra</a>'s, who died in 1197/593. The poem being commented upon was composed of 1460 verses having as rhymes the 28 letters of the Arabic alphabet. Al-Jaldakī states that he wrote this commentary while in Cairo in the year 1341 (742 H). </p>
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<p class="indent"> For other copies of this commentary, see <a href="abbreviation.html#ullmannN">Ullmann, <em>Natur</em></a>, p. 239 note 2. </p>
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<p class="indent"> NLM also has a copy of another commentary on this same set of poems by Ibn Arfa‘ Ra’s, in this case a commentary by a pupil of Ibn Arfa‘ Ra’s named <a href="bioA.html#aliansari">Abū al-Qāsim Mu<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>ammad ibn ‘Abd Allāh al-An<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ṣ</font>ārī</a> (<a href="alchemy50.html">MS A 65, item 1</a>). </p>
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<p class="indent"><em>Ghāyat al-surur fi sharh dīwān Shudhūr al-dhahab</em> <span class="ms">(MS A 14)</span></p>
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<h2><span class="h2blue">Illustrations</span></h2>
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<a href="images2/a14395b.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="images2/a14395b-small.jpg"
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alt="Folio 395b, the final folio of Ghāyat al-surur fi sharh dīwān Shudhūr al-dhahab (The Acme of Pleasure in the Commentary on the Poems 'Nuggets of Gold'), a commentary by al-Jaldakī featuring the colophon. The lightly-glossed paper varies from an ivory to a dark-beige and even brown, all of it having fine vertical laid lines and single chain lines. The text is written in a medium-small naskh script using a brown-black ink." title="MS A 14, fol. 395b" /></a>
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<div class="desc"><span class="ms">MS A 14, fol. 395b</span>
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<p class="indent">The final page of <em>Ghāyat al-surur fi sharh dīwān Shudhūr al-dhahab</em> (<em>The Acme of Pleasure in the Commentary on the Poems 'Nuggets of Gold'</em>), a commentary by al-Jaldakī (d. 1342/743) on an alchemical-allegorical poem by Ibn Arfa‘ Ra’s. According to the <a href="glossary.html#colophon">colophon</a> shown here the copy was completed at the end <em>(salkh)</em> of the month of Muharram 1180 (= 9 July 1766) , and the <a href="glossary.html#copyist">copyist</a> was Mu<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>ammad Haykal al-Darawī. </p>
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<br class="clearboth" />
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<a href="images2/a14binding.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="images2/a14binding-small.jpg"
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alt="The lower cover and flap of MS A 14 with a central panel stamp of shallow-scalloped ovoid outline with two small pendants. There are also blind-stamped corner panels whose inner field is decorated in the same manner as the central panel, with twisted and tied cloud ribbon forms with vine work studded with flower heads (probably carnations). These deeply-impressed blind stamps are framed by blind-tooled fillets either side of a string of small circles; similar frames decorate the fore-edge flap. The envelope flap is decorated with similar corner panels and frames and one small stamp identical to one of the pendants on the covers." title="MS A 14, binding" /></a>
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<div class="desc"><span class="ms">MS A 14, binding (lower cover and flap)</span>
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<p class="indent">This <a href="glossary.html#manuscript">manuscript</a> is bound in a Persian/Turkish <a href="glossary.html#bindings">binding</a> of the 18th or 19th century. On each cover there is a central panel stamp of shallow-scalloped ovoid outline with two small pendants. There are also blind-stamped corner panels whose inner field is decorated in the same manner as the central panel, with twisted and tied cloud ribbon forms with vine work studded with flower heads (probably carnations). These deeply-impressed blind stamps are framed by <a href="glossary.html#blind">blind-tooled</a> <a href="glossary.html#fillet">fillets</a> either side of a string of small circles; similar <a href="glossary.html#frames">frames</a> decorate the <a href="glossary.html#fore">fore-edge flap</a>. The <a href="glossary.html#envelope">envelope flap</a> is decorated with similar corner panels and frames and one small stamp identical to one of the pendants on the covers.</p>
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<br class="clearboth" />
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<h2><span class="h2blue">Physical Description</span></h2>
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<p class="indent">Arabic. 393 <a href="glossary.html#leaves">leaves</a> (fols.1a-168b and 171b-395b). <a href="glossary.html#dimensions">Dimensions</a> 21.2 x 14 (text area 15.8 x 8.5) cm; 19 lines per page. The title is given in the text (fol. 168b lines 5-6, and fol. 174a line 17) and in the <a href="glossary.html#colophon">colophon</a> (fol. 395b line 7). Neither the name of the author of the commentary nor of the poem are given. The commentary is usually ascribed to al-Jaldakī, the poem to Ibn Arfa‘ Ra’s (see <a href="abbreviation.html#ullmannN">Ullmann, <em>Natur</em></a>, p. 231-2 and 239). </p>
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<p class="indent">The manuscript is dated the end <em>(salkh)</em> of the month of Muharram 1180 (= 9 July 1766) on fol. 168b and fol. 395b. The <a href="glossary.html#copyist">copyist</a> is given as Mu<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>ammad Haykal al-Darawī (fol. 168b line 15 and fol. 395b line 11). </p>
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<p class="indent"> The commentary, which includes the collection of poems, is arranged in two parts, fol. 1-168b and fols. 171b-395b, each having a colophon. The beginning of the text is missing; nineteen <a href="glossary.html#quires">quires</a> of ten <a href="glossary.html#folio">folios</a> each were numbered consecutively in <a href="glossary.html#arabic">Arabic numerals</a>, and the first two of these quires are now missing from the volume. </p>
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<p class="indent"> The text is written in a medium-small <a href="glossary.html#naskh">naskh</a> script using a brown-black ink with headings in red and red <a href="glossary.html#overlinings">overlinings</a>. The poem upon which the commentary is based is written in red ink. There are <a href="glossary.html#catchword">catchwords</a>. </p>
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<p class="indent"> There are some <a href="glossary.html#marginalia">marginalia</a>, mostly emending the text, and some marginal subject headings. </p>
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<p class="indent"> The lightly-glossed paper varies from an ivory to a dark-beige and even brown, all of it having fine vertical <a href="glossary.html#laid">laid lines</a> and single <a href="glossary.html#chain">chain lines</a> (no <a href="glossary.html#watermarks">watermarks</a> observed). This is some damp-staining and occasional thumbprints and smudges. </p>
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<p class="indent"> The volume consists of 395 leaves. Fols. 169a-171a are blank. </p>
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<h2><span class="h2blue">Binding</span></h2>
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<p class="indent"> The volume is bound in brown-leather over <a href="glossary.html#pasteboards">pasteboards</a> with envelope flap (Persian/Turkish, 18th or 19th century). On each cover there is a central panel stamp of shallow-scalloped ovoid outline with two small pendants. There are also blind-stamped corner panels whose inner field is decorated in the same manner as the central panel, with twisted and tied cloud ribbon forms with vine work studded with flower heads (probably carnations). These deeply-impressed blind stamps are framed by blind-tooled fillets either side of a string of small circles; similar frames decorate the fore-edge flap. The envelope flap is decorated with similar corner panels and frames and one small stamp identical to one of the pendants on the covers. There are tan-paper pasteboards and envelope flap lining, with a brown leather fore-edge flap lining. There are modern <a href="glossary.html#endpapers">endpapers</a>. </p>
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<p class="indent"> The bound volume is kept in a case made of red leather over thin pasteboards. The box is open at the narrow end where there is a lid that can slip onto the case. A woven ribbon is attached to the inside side of the case, in order that, when properly positioned, it may be pulled to remove the manuscript from the tight-fitting slipcase. The case is decorated on the two wide sides and the lid with paper printed in a repetitive design of circles and leaf-forms in red, yellow, white, and black. </p>
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<h2><span class="h2blue">Provenance</span></h2>
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<p class="indent"> The volume was purchased in 1941 by the Army Medical Library from A. S. Yahuda (ELS no. 1692, med. 56.). </p>
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<h2><span class="h2blue">References</span></h2>
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<p class="indent"><a href="abbreviation.html#schullian">Schullian/Sommer</a>, <em>Cat. of incun. & MSS.</em>, entry A 14, p. 301. </p>
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<p class="psource">NLM Microfilm Reel: FILM 48-114 no. 4 </p>
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<area shape="rect" coords="52,19,116,32" href="concordancea1a29.html" alt="A 1 - A 29" title="A 1 - A 29"/>
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