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<h1><a name="top"></a>Catalogue - Medical Encyclopedias</h1>
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<h3>Commentaries</h3>
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<dl>
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<dt>
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<img src="/share/images99/dot.png" alt="Blue arrow pointing to the right" title="Blue arrow" class="redarrow" />
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<a name="C11"></a><em>Shar<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font> al-Qānūn</em>
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<span class="ms"> (MS A 62)</span></dt>
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<dd>(<em>Commentary on the Canon</em>)</dd>
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<dd><strong>شرح القانون</strong></dd>
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<dd>by <a href="bioA.html#alial">‘Alī al-Jilānī</a> (<a href="glossary.html#d">d.</a> 1609/1017)</dd>
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<dd><strong>حكيم على الجلانى</strong></dd>
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</dl>
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<p class="indent">Not only were abridgements made of the <em>Canon of Medicine</em> by <a href="bioA.html#avicenna">Ibn Sīnā</a>, but numerous explanatory commentaries were written on parts of as well as the entire <em>Canon</em>. Possibly the earliest commentary on the <em>Canon</em> was composed by the Egyptian Jewish physician <a href="bioI.html#jumay">Ibn Jumay‘</a>, who died in 1198/594 H. The National Library of Medicine does not have a copy of that particular commentary. In fact, relatively few commentaries on the <em>Canon</em> have come into the collections of NLM. Extensive selections from the commentary on the anatomical portions of the <em>Canon</em> that was written by <a href="bioI.html#alnafis">Ibn al-Nafīs</a> in the 13th century are preserved in the margins of two <a href="glossary.html#manuscript">manuscripts</a> discussed above: <a href="#C12">MS A 27 (item 2)</a> and <a href="E9_E10.html#a56">MS A 56</a>. NLM also has a quite late commentary by Hakim <a href="bioA.html#alial">‘Ali al-Jilani</a> written at the end of the 16th century, and a short anonymous commentary on some medical terms found in the <em>Canon</em>.</p>
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<p class="indent">A commentary attributed to Hakīm ‘Alī al-Jilānī on the <em>Canon on Medicine</em> of Ibn Sīnā (<a href="bioA.html#avicenna">Avicenna</a>) is preserved in several copies, one of which is at NLM. Most of the preserved copies cover only the first book of the <em>Canon</em>, but the NLM copy indicates that a commentary on the second book was intended to follow, and there are manuscript copies of his commentary on the remaining books of the <em>Canon</em> preserved in London at the British Library and the Wellcome Library for the History and Understanding of Medicine.</p>
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<p class="indent">In the long preface to the commentary (omitted from the NLM copy but found in British Library, OIOC MS Or. 5586 and India Office Loth MS 781), the commentator, ‘Alī al-Jilānī, criticizes his predecessors, including <a href="bioI.html#alnafis">Ibn al-Nafīs</a> (<a href="glossary.html#d">d.</a> 1288/678 H) and Mu<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>ammad ibn Mahmud al-<a href="bioA.html#amuli">Amuli</a> (<a href="glossary.html#fl">fl.</a> 1350/750 H). The latter, ‘Alī al-Jilānī says, wrote his commentary hastily and without much preparation and care, for the use of princes coming from remote lands to read the <em>Canon</em> with him. ‘Alī al-Jilānī goes on to recommend his own commentary, on which he says he spent over thirty years of his life.</p>
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<p class="indent">In the NLM copy of ‘Alī al-Jilānī's commentary, copious <a href="glossary.html#marginalia">marginalia</a> contain several references to al-<a href="bioA.html#amuli">Amuli</a>, and these may be an attempt by a later <a href="glossary.html#copyist">copyist</a> to draw attention to al-Amuli's earlier commentary. For a copy of al-Amuli's commentary on the first book of the <em>Canon</em>, <em>see</em> British Library, OIOC, MS Or. 3654 (<a href="abbreviation.html#hamarnehB">Hamarneh, "British Library"</a>, p. 108 no. 125); and <a href="abbreviation.html#savage">Savage-Smith, "Bodleian"</a>, MS Arab.d.193.</p>
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<p class="indent">Other copies include those in London, Wellcome Library for the History and Understanding of Medicine, MS Arab 156, books 3 and 4 only; British Library, OIOC, MSS Or. 115 and 5586 (book 1 only), MS 5833 (book 3 only), and India Office coll. Loth MSS 781, 782, 782, 784 (books 1, 2, 3, and 5). <em>see</em> <a href="abbreviation.html#iskandarW">Iskandar, "Wellcome"</a>, p. 182-3; Alexander George Ellis and Edward Edwards, <em>A Descriptive List of the Arabic Manuscripts acquired by the Trustees of the British Museum since 1894</em>, London, 1912, p. 44; <a href="abbreviation.html#hamarnehB">Hamarneh, "British Library"</a>, p. 104 (no. 111) and 108 (nos. 126 and 127); and Otto Loth, <em>A Catalogue of the Arabic Manuscripts in the Library of the India Office</em>, London, 1877, p. 228-9.</p>
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<p class="indent"><a name="illus"></a><em>Shar<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font> al-Qānūn</em> <span class="ms">(MS A 62)</span></p>
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<h2><span class="h2blue">Illustrations</span></h2>
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<div class="img"><a href="images/a6260a.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="images/a6260aThumb.jpg" alt="Folio 60a from Alī al-Jilānī's Sharḥ al-Qānūn (Commentary on the Canon) featuring two marginal diagrams of the upper jaw and teeth. The biscuit semi-glossy paper is thick and has wavy indistinct laid lines. It is waterstained and wormeaten. The text is written in black ink with headings in red and red overlinings." title="MS A 62, fol. 60a" /></a>
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<div class="desc"><span class="ms"> <a name="msa62a"></a>MS A 62, fol. 60a</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p class="indent">Two marginal diagrams of the upper jaw and teeth, from a copy of the commentary by Hakīm <a href="bioA.html#alial">‘Alī al-Jilānī</a> (<a href="glossary.html#d">d.</a> 1609/1017) on the <em>Canon on Medicine</em> by Ibn Sīnā (<a href="bioA.html#avicenna">Avicenna</a>). It is an undated copy of the early 18th century.</p>
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<br class="clearboth" />
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<div class="img"><a href="images/a6260b.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="images/a6260bThumb.jpg" alt="Folio 60b from Alī al-Jilānī's Sharḥ al-Qānūn (Commentary on the Canon) featuring a marginal diagram of the side of the skull, labeled sudgh, which refers to the squamous part of the temporal bone. The biscuit semi-glossy paper is thick and has wavy indistinct laid lines. It is waterstained and wormeaten. The text is written in black ink with headings in red and red overlinings." title="MS A 62, fol. 60b" /></a>
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<div class="desc"><span class="ms"> <a name="msa62b"></a>MS A 62, fol. 60b</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p class="indent">A marginal diagram of the side of the skull, labeled <em>sudgh</em>, which refers to the squamous part of the temporal bone. From a copy of the commentary by Hakīm <a href="bioA.html#alial">‘Alī al-Jilānī</a> (<a href="glossary.html#d">d.</a> 1609/1017) on the <em>Canon on Medicine</em> by Ibn Sīnā (<a href="bioA.html#avicenna">Avicenna</a>). It is an undated copy of the early 18th century.</p>
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<br class="clearboth" />
|
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<h2><span class="h2blue">Physical Description</span></h2>
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||
<p class="indent">Arabic. 256 <a href="glossary.html#leaves">leaves</a> (fols. 1b-256a). <a href="glossary.html#dimensions">Dimensions</a> 41.7 x 27.5; text area 34 x 17.3 cm with some fol. 35.5 x 20 cm; 25-37 lines per page. The title is given in the <a href="glossary.html#colophon">colophon</a> (fol. 256a/old 257a, line 19) as <em>Shar<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font> al-Kitāb al-awwal min kutub al-Qānūn</em> (Commentary on the First Book of the <em>Canon</em>). In the upper left corner of fol. 1a (otherwise blank), there is a later annotation: <em>al-juz' al-awwal min Shar<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font> Qanun bi-Hakīm ‘Ali</em> (<em>The First Part of the Commentary on the Canon by Hakīm ‘Ali</em>). The author of the commentary is not apparently named in the <a href="glossary.html#manuscript">manuscript</a>, except for this later annotation. A recent owner's label on the front preliminary <a href="glossary.html#folio">folio</a> states in Arabic that the volume is <em>Shar<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font> kulliyat Qānūn Ibn Sīnā bi-Shar<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font> al-Amuli</em> (<em>A Commentary on the Kulliyat [first book] of the Canon of Ibn Sīnā, with a Commentary by al-<a href="bioA.html#amuli">Amuli</a></em>)</p>
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|
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<p class="indent">This manuscript contains the commentary on the first book only. The text and most of the <a href="glossary.html#marginalia">marginalia</a> correspond exactly to that found in the British Library, OIOC, India Office MS Loth 781, fols. 12b-598a, which was composed by Hakīm ‘Alī al-Jilānī, though the cataloger noted that the surname Jilānī was given to him in an inscription of a later date (<em>see</em> Otto Loth, <em>A Catalogue of the Arabic Manuscripts in the Library of the India Office</em>, London, 1877, p. 228). The text, but not the marginalia, also corresponds to the British Library, OIOC, MS Or. 5586, which is catalogued as the first volume of the commentary on the <em>Canon</em> by ‘Ali al-Jilani (see Alexander George Ellis and Edward Edwards, <em>A Descriptive List of the Arabic Manuscripts Acquired by the Trustees of the British Museum Since 1894</em>, London, 1912, p. 44). Sami Hamarneh, however, doubts the attribution to Hakīm ‘Alī (<em>see</em> <a href="abbreviation.html#HamarnehN">Hamarneh, "NLM"</a>, p. 92).</p>
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<p class="indent">This is a nearly complete copy of the commentary on the first book. One folio is missing following fol. 54, for which reason the old numbering on the leaves, beginnng at fol. 56, is off by one from the recent <a href="glossary.html#foliation">foliation</a>. The <a href="glossary.html#colophon">colophon</a> indicates that the commentary on the 2nd book of the <em>Canon</em> should follow, but it is missing from this copy.</p>
|
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|
||
<p class="indent">The copy is undated. The appearance of the paper, ink, and script suggests a date of the late 18th century. On fol. 256a (old 257a) there is an owner's stamp dated 1269/1852-3 and a later reader's note stating that he <a href="glossary.html#collated">collated</a> it against another copy and corrected it on 16 Rabi` I 1277 [2 October 1860].</p>
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<p class="indent">The text is written in several different hands in indifferent and casual large <a href="glossary.html#naskh">naskh</a> or medium-small <a href="glossary.html#nastaliq">nasta‘liq</a>. The text area has not been <a href="glossary.html#frame">frame-ruled</a>, but rather vertical borders were formed by folding the paper lengthwise. Black ink with headings in red and red <a href="glossary.html#overlinings">overlinings</a>. There are <a href="glossary.html#marginalia">marginalia</a> in several hands and Persian interlinear notes.</p>
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|
||
<p class="indent">There are drawings of various anatomical structures: very small diagrams of cranial sutures on fol. 57a (old 58a) and fol. 57b (old 58b); on <a href="#msa62a">fol. 60a</a> (old 61a) two marginal diagrams of the upper jaw and teeth; on <a href="#msa62b">fol. 60b</a> (old 61b) a marginal diagram of the side of the skull, labeled <em>sudgh</em>, referring to the squamous part of the temporal bone; on fol. 83a (old 84a) a diagram in the text itself of the muscles of the neck, two pairs of which form a triangle; and an unfinished head in the margin of fol. 100b (old 101b).</p>
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<p class="indent">The biscuit semi-glossy paper is thick and has wavy indistinct <a href="glossary.html#laid">laid lines</a>, but no <a href="glossary.html#chain">chain lines</a> visible. It is waterstained and wormeaten. The edges have been trimmed from their original size, and some edges repaired.</p>
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|
||
<p class="indent">The volume consists of 257 leaves and 3 preliminary leaves. Fols. 1a (except for corner annotation of title) and 257b (old 258b) are blank. The preliminary leaves [1b-3b] contain a table of contents in a later hand; prelim fol. [1a] is blank except for an owner's note and miscellaneous notes, including the statement that it is a commentary on the <em>Canon</em> with the commentary of al-Amuli. Fol. 256b (old 257b) has later notes on an unidentified subject, written diagonally and upside down; fol. 257a (old 258a) has notes in two different hands giving numerical values of letters.</p>
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<h2><span class="h2blue">Binding</span></h2>
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<p class="indent">The volume is bound in a modern European library <a href="glossary.html#bindings">binding</a> of <a href="glossary.html#pasteboards">pasteboards</a> covered in brown leather. There are modern <a href="glossary.html#endpapers">endpapers</a> and <a href="glossary.html#pastedowns">pastedowns</a>.</p>
|
||
|
||
<h2><span class="h2blue">Provenance</span></h2>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">On fol. 256a (old 257a) there is an owner's stamp of ‘Abd [Allāh] <font face= "Arial Unicode MS">Ḥ</font>asan Mu<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>ammad al-<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">Ḥ</font>usaynī dated 1269/1852-3.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">The volume was purchased in 1941 by the Army Medical Library from A.S. Yahuda, who acquired it from a dealer in Lahore (ELS no. 1601, Med. 77).</p>
|
||
|
||
<h2><span class="h2blue">References</span></h2>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent"><a href="abbreviation.html#schullian">Schullian/Sommer</a>, <em>Cat. of incun. & MSS.</em>, p. 317 entry A62; <a href="abbreviation.html#HamarnehN">Hamarneh, "NLM"</a>, p. 92.</p>
|
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|
||
<p class="psource">NLM Microfilm Reel: FILM 48-124 item 2</p>
|
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|
||
<hr />
|
||
<br class="clearboth" />
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|
||
<dl>
|
||
<dt>
|
||
<img src="/share/images99/dot.png" alt="Blue arrow pointing to the right" title="Blue arrow" class="redarrow" />
|
||
<a name="C12"></a><em>Kashf ba‘d al-lughah min al-Qānūn wa-ghayrihi</em>
|
||
<span class="ms"> (MS A 27, item 2)</span></dt>
|
||
<dd>(<em>The Explanation of Some Terms from the 'Canon' and Other Writings</em>)</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dd><strong>كشف بعض اللغة من
|
||
القانون وغيره</strong></dd>
|
||
<dd>Anonymous</dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">A list of medical terms compiled predominately from the <em>Canon on Medicine</em> by Ibn Sīnā (<a href="bioA.html#avicenna">Avicenna</a>). The compiler of the list is not named.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent"><em>Kashf ba‘d al-lughah min al-Qānūn wa-ghayrihi</em> <span class="ms">(MS A 27 item 2)</span></p>
|
||
|
||
|
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<h2><span class="h2blue">Physical Description</span></h2>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">Arabic. 2 <a href="glossary.html#leaves">leaves</a> (fols. 38b-39b). <a href="glossary.html#dimensions">Dimensions</a> 24 x 13.6 cm; text area 16.3 x 6.8 cm; 19 lines per page. The title is given on fol. 38b, line 1. The compiler of the list from the <em>Canon</em> and other sources is not named.</p>
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||
<p class="indent">The text was copied in a different, and probably later, hand than transcribed items 1, 3, and 4 in the volume, which were copied in 1584/992 H. <em>see</em> <a href="E9_E10.html#E9">MS A 27, item 1</a>.</p>
|
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|
||
<p class="indent">The text is written in a very compact, small <a href="glossary.html#nastaliq">nasta‘liq</a> script. Black ink with red <a href="glossary.html#overlinings">overlinings</a>.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">All the items in the volume are written on the same type of paper. The burnished, glossy beige paper has lightly scattered fibers, vertical slightly curved <a href="glossary.html#laid">laid lines</a>, and faint single <a href="glossary.html#chain">chain lines</a> (but no <a href="glossary.html#watermarks">watermarks</a>). The paper is waterdamaged and stained with thumbing and grease. The edges have been trimmed from their original size, and some of the marginal commentaries have been cut off.</p>
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<p class="indent">The volume consists of 77 leaves. Fol. 1a is blank except for an incorrect title in a later hand and the trace of an owner's note. Fols. 40a and 77b are blank; fols. 40b and 77a are blank except for an owner's annotations. The first item (fols. 1b-38a) contains the anatomical sections from the Qānūn of <a href="bioA.html#avicenna">Avicenna</a> (<a href="E9_E10.html#E9">MS A 27, item 1</a>); the second item (fols. 38b-39b) is <em>Kashf ba‘d al-lughah min al-Qānūn wa-ghayrihi</em> here catalogued; and the third item on fol. 41a is a short anonymous essay on oxymel (<a href="pharmaceutics25.html">MS A 27, item 3</a>). The fourth item (fols. 41b-75a) is an anonymous treatise on prognostics (<a href="mon9.html">MS A 27, item 4</a>), and the final item (fols. 75b-76b) contains magical procedures and invocations useful for illness (<a href="magical5.html">MS A 27, item 5</a>). </p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h2><span class="h2blue">Binding</span></h2>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">Bound in brown leather library binding; modern paper <a href="glossary.html#pastedowns">pastedowns</a> and <a href="glossary.html#endpapers">endpapers</a>. </p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h2><span class="h2blue">Provenance</span></h2>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">On fol. 40b there is a note stating that the owner (<em>malik</em>) is Is<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>āq, the physician in Damascus (<em>tabib fi Damashq al-sham</em>) in the year 1240 [= 1824-5]. On fol. 77a there are various owners' notations, including the statement that this volume is the <em>Kanz al-atibba'</em> (<em>The Treasure of Physicians</em>) belonging to <em>al-faqir</em> Is<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>āq the physician (<em>al-tabib</em>) in the year 1251 [= 1835-6] and another statement that this <em>Kanz al-atibba'</em> belonged to one of the skilled wound-healers (<em>ahad min al-hudhdhaq al-sabur</em>) Is<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>āq Dhil<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ṭ</font>ā al-Yahūdī, medical practitioner in Damascus (<em>al-mutatabbib fi Dimashq al-Sham</em>); this is presumably the same owner. His assistant (<em>‘Abd</em>) is named, on both fol. 77a and in yet another signature on fol. 38a, as Ibraham Rumanu <em>tabib</em>. On fol. 1a the title <em>Kanz al-atibba'</em> is repeated. On the basis of these owners' notes, Sommer incorrectly catalogued this <a href="glossary.html#manuscript">manuscript</a> as a copy of a treatise titled <em>Kanz al-atibba'</em> written by Malik Iskaq, a Jewish physician of Damascus (<em>see</em> <a href="abbreviation.html#schullian">Schullian/Sommer</a>, <em>Cat. of incun. MSS.</em>, p. 306 entry A27).</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">The volume was purchased in 1941 by the Army Medical Library from A. S. Yahuda who acquired it in Cairo. <a href="mon7.html#a23">NLM MS A 23</a> was acquired in Cairo in the same lot. On the front <a href="glossary.html#endpapers">endpaper</a> several earlier labels have been pasted, including one giving the designation "ELS 1665" and two smaller ones "M[ed.] 44". </p>
|
||
|
||
<h2><span class="h2blue">References</span></h2>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent"><a href="abbreviation.html#schullian">Schullian/Sommer</a>, <em>Cat. of incun. MSS.</em>, p. 306 entry A27 [this item is incorrectly catalogued as a copy of a treatise titled <em>Kanz al-atibba'</em> written by Malik Ishaq, a Jewish physician of Damascus]; <a href="abbreviation.html#HamarnehN">Hamarneh, "NLM"</a> p. 82, where it is said that it is a compilation made by a "a certain Jewish Physician, Malak Ishaq of Damascus, possibly of the early <a href="glossary.html#mamluk">Mamluk</a> period", and it is stated that the copy was made in Shar Dilman.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p class="psource">NLM Microfilm Reel: FILM 48-117 no. 3 .</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<hr />
|
||
<br class="clearboth" />
|
||
|
||
<dl>
|
||
<dt>
|
||
<img src="/share/images99/dot.png" alt="Blue arrow pointing to the right" title="Blue arrow" class="redarrow" />
|
||
<a name="C13"></a><em>Shar<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font> al-Asbāb wa-al-‘alāmāt</em> <span class="ms"> (MS A 60, item 1)</span></dt>
|
||
|
||
<dd>(<em>Commentary on the "Causes and Symptoms" [of Najīb al-Dīn al-Samarqandī]</em>)</dd>
|
||
<dd><strong>شرح الاسباب والعلامات</strong></dd>
|
||
<dd>by Burhān al-Dīn <a href="bioN.html#nafis">Nafīs ibn ‘Iwā<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḍ</font> al-Kirmānī</a> (<a href="glossary.html#d">d.</a> 1449/853 H)</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dd><strong>برهان الدين نفيس ابن عواض الكرمانى</strong></dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">Nafīs ibn ‘Iwā<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḍ</font> al-Kirmānī's commentary on <a href="bioN.html#najib">Najīb al-Dīn al-Samarqandī</a>'s treatise was written in Samarqand for the ruler Ulugh Beg and completed at the end of the month of Safar in 827 [= January 1424]; <em>see</em> (<em>see</em> <font face= "Arial Unicode MS">Ḥ</font>ājjī Khalifah, <em>Kashf al-zunun</em>, ed. Flügel (Leipzig 1835-58), vol. 1, p. 77). The commentary prepared by al-Kirmānī did not cover the final chapter al-Samarqandī's encyclopaedia, which was concerned with poisonous substances and noxious animals. For this reason, some preserved copies of al-Kirmānī's commentary supplement the commentary with the uncommented chapter on poisons from al-Samarqandī's encylopedia, as seen in the copy now at NLM. Al-Kirmānī's commentary was an enormously popular treatise and prompted a number of supercommentaries to be written on it. In the 18th century it was translated into Persian and amplified by Mu<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>ammad Akbar, known as <a href="bioM.html#muhammad">Muhammad Arzani</a>, under the title <em><a href="#C15">Tibb al-Akbar</a></em> or "Akbar's Medicine".</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">Numerous copies are preserved today. For other copies, <em>see</em> A. Z. Iskandar, "A Study of al-Samarqandi's Medical Writings", <em>Le Muséon</em>, vol. 85 (1972), pp. 467-8 note 113; <a href="abbreviation.html#dietrich">Dietrich, <em>Medicinalia</em></a>, pp. 122-124 no. 52; Adam Gacek, <em>Arabic Manuscripts in the Libraries of McGill University: Union Catalog</em> (Montreal: McGill University, 1991), p. 173 no. 192; Usamah Nasir Naqshabandi, <em>Makhtutat al-tibb wa-al-saydalah wa-al-baytarah fi Maktabat al-Muthaf al-‘Iraqi</em> (Baghdad: Wizarat al-Thaqafah wa-al-I‘lam, 1981) pp. 185-189, nos. 358-369; and <a href="abbreviation.html#savage">Savage-Smith, "Bodleian"</a>, MSS Marsh 249, Arab. d. 143, and Arab. d. 192; Washington, D.C., Library of Congress, Arabic MSS 563 and 564. For <a href="glossary.html#lithographed">lithographed</a> printings, <em>see</em> <a href="abbreviation.html#iskandarW">Iskandar, "Wellcome"</a>, p. 174 note 1.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent"><em>Shar<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font> al-Asbāb wa-al-‘alāmāt</em> <span class="ms">(MS A 60, item 1)</span></p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h2><span class="h2blue">Illustrations</span></h2>
|
||
|
||
<div class="img"><a href="images/a601b.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="images/a601bThumb.jpg" alt="Folio 1b from Nafīs ibn ‘Iwāḍ al-Kirmānī's Sharḥ al-Asbāb wa-al-‘alāmāt (Commentary on the 'Causes and Symptoms' [of Najīb al-Dīn al-Samarqandī]) featuring an illuminated opening in opaque watercolors and gold. The text is written in a fine and careful naskh script. Dense black ink with headings in red. The text has been written within frames formed of three black thin lines, two filled with gilt, and an outside blue line. The gray, glossy paper is very thin with wavy laid lines." title="MS A 60, fol. 1b" /></a>
|
||
<div class="desc"><span class="ms"> <a name="msa60"></a>MS A 60, fol. 1b</span>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">The <a href="glossary.html#illuminated">illuminated opening</a> at the beginning of a copy of <a href="bioN.html#nafis">Nafīs ibn ‘Iwā<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḍ</font> al-Kirmānī</a>'s commentary on <a href="bioN.html#najib">Najīb al-Dīn al-Samarqandī</a>'s book "<em>Causes and Symptoms</em>". The copy is undated, but the general appearance of the paper, ink, and script suggests a dating of about 1500.</p>
|
||
|
||
<br class="clearboth" />
|
||
|
||
<h2><span class="h2blue">Physical Description</span></h2>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">Arabic. 594 <a href="glossary.html#leaves">leaves</a> (fol. 1b-594a). <a href="glossary.html#dimensions">Dimensions</a> 18.3 x 10.5; text area 13.5 x 6.5; 19-21 lines per page. The title <em>Shar<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>-i Asbab [wa-]‘alamat</em> is given in the <a href="glossary.html#illuminated">illuminated opening</a> on fol. 1b. It is more commonly written as <em>Shar<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font> al-Asbāb wa-al-‘alāmāt</em>. The name of the author is given in the text (fol.1b, line 9) as Nafīs ibn ‘Iwā<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḍ</font> ibn Hakīm <em>al-tabib</em> [the physician]. The dedication to Ulugh Beg is given on fol. 2b, line 5.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">This is a complete copy of Nafis ibn ‘Iwad al-Kirmānī's commentary, which did not cover the last chapter of al-Samarqandī's treatise (on antidotes to poisonous substances) but stopped with the section on dislocated and sprained joints. The second item in this volume is the final portion of al-Samarqandī's treatise, written by the same <a href="glossary.html#scribe">scribe</a> and intended to supplement the commentary by al-Kirmānī (<em>see</em> <a href="E17_E21.html#E20">MS A 60, item 2</a>).</p>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">The copy is undated. The appearance of the paper, script, illuminated headings and decorative medallion suggests a dating of about 1500. It must have been produced before an owner's stamp dated 1082 [= 1671-2] was placed in it.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">The text is written in a fine and careful <a href="glossary.html#naskh">naskh</a> script, with considerable <a href="glossary.html#vocalization">vocalization</a> in the first part of the volume. The text area has been <a href="glossary.html#frame">frame-ruled</a>. Dense black ink with headings in red. There are also red <a href="glossary.html#overlinings">overlinings</a> and red marginal section-headings. At fol. 313 the hand changes slightly (though still clearly part of the same workshop), the number of lines per page change from 19 to 21, the handwriting becomes smaller, and there is no vocalization. Fols. 82, 83, 224 and 225 were copied by the same scribe as copied fols. 313-607. Throughout the volume the text has been written within <a href="glossary.html#frames">frames</a> formed of three black thin lines, two filled with <a href="glossary.html#gilt">gilt</a>, and an outside blue line (these borders are missing from fols. 483b, 484a, 485a, and 486a). There are some <a href="glossary.html#catchword">catchwords</a>, mostly in the part written by the second scribe. There are marginal emendations, some written by the <a href="glossary.html#copyist">copyists</a>, and a number of <a href="glossary.html#gloss">glosses</a> throughout (occasionally interlinear), in several hands with some in Persian. The text has also been <a href="glossary.html#collated">collated</a> (collation notes on fols. 180b, 191b, etc.).</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent"><a href="#msa60">Fol. 1b</a> has an <a href="glossary.html#illuminated">illuminated opening</a> in opaque watercolors and gold. Fol. 1a has an illuminated <a href="glossary.html#mandorla">mandorla</a> medallion with a gold center and a wide frame of opaque watercolors; the writing in the center over the gold area has been defaced and partly cut out, and an owner's stamp dated 1082 [= 1671-2] was impressed over part of the medallion. The area around the medallion has been pasted over with blank paper.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">There are marginal illustrations (added later) of the eye and visual system on fol. 191b and a diagram explainng the refraction of light through water on fol. 201a. In the text itself, in the section on swellings (<em>awram</em>) of the liver, there is an illustration of the abdominal muscles and their relationship to the swellings that can occur on the liver (fol. 355b).</p>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">The gray, glossy paper is very thin with wavy <a href="glossary.html#laid">laid lines</a> and on some <a href="glossary.html#folio">folios</a> traces of irregular <a href="glossary.html#chain">chain lines</a>. The paper is slightly grease-stained at the top. The edges have been trimmed from their original size, and folios near the start of the volumes have had edges replaced. The text area of fol. 30 has been cut out and remounted on more recent paper. Fol. 1 is <a href="glossary.html#guarded">guarded</a>.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">The volume consists of 607 leaves and one unnumbered preliminary <a href="glossary.html#leaf">leaf</a>. Fol. 1a is blank but for a partially obliterated illuminated medallion and an owner's stamp. Fols. 594b-607a is the final section of al-Samarqandī's treatise <em><a href="E17_E21.html#E20">The Causes and Symptoms</a></em>. Fol. 607b is blank. Fol. 180b has attached to it a small piece of paper (11.2 x 6.5 cm) with a casually written Persian note on it, unrelated to the text; fol. 313b has a similar small piece of paper attached to it.</p>
|
||
|
||
<h2><span class="h2blue">Binding</span></h2>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">The volume is bound in <a href="glossary.html#pasteboards">pasteboard</a> covers and <a href="glossary.html#envelope">envelope flap</a>, covered with black leather; the covers and envelope flap have <a href="glossary.html#blind">blind-tooled</a> borders. The spine has been repaired. The <a href="glossary.html#doublure">doublures</a> are of fairly recent blue, white, and maroon printed paper, repaired with blue cloth tape. There are paper <a href="glossary.html#endpapers">endpapers</a>.</p>
|
||
|
||
<h2><span class="h2blue">Provenance</span></h2>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">An owner's stamp dated 1082 [1671-2] was impressed over the illuminated (partially obliterated) medallion on fol. 1a.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">The volume was purchased in 1941 by the Army Medical Library from A.S. Yahuda, who acquired it in Baghdad (ELS 2374 M; former 47).</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h2><span class="h2blue">References</span></h2>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent"><a href="abbreviation.html#schullian">Schullian/Sommer</a>, <em>Cat. of incun. & MSS.</em>, p. 317 entry A60; </p>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent"><a href="abbreviation.html#HamarnehN">Hamarneh, "NLM"</a>, p. 100.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p class="psource">NLM Microfilm Reel: FILM 48-123 no. 7</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<hr />
|
||
<br class="clearboth" />
|
||
|
||
<dl>
|
||
<dt>
|
||
<img src="/share/images99/dot.png" alt="Blue arrow pointing to the right" title="Blue arrow" class="redarrow" />
|
||
<a name="C14"></a><em><font face= "Arial Unicode MS">Ḥ</font>awāshin ‘alá Shar<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font> al-Asbāb wa-al-‘alāmāt</em> <span class="ms"> (MS A 66.1)</span></dt>
|
||
|
||
<dd>(<em>Commentary on the 'Causes and Symptoms' [of Najīb al-Dīn Samarqandīi]</em>)</dd>
|
||
<dd><strong>حواشى على شرح الاسباب والعلامات</strong></dd>
|
||
<dd>by Burhān al-Dīn <a href="bioN.html#nafis">Nafīs ibn ‘Iwā<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḍ</font> al-Kirmānī</a> (<a href="glossary.html#d">d.</a> 1449/853 H)</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dd><strong>برهان الدين نفيس ابن عواض الكرمانى</strong></dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
|
||
<h2><span class="h2blue">Physical Description</span></h2>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">Arabic. 13 <a href="glossary.html#leaves">leaves (fols. 1a-13b).</a> <a href="glossary.html#dimensions">Dimensions</a> 19.5 x 11; text area 15.5 x 8.1; 21-23 lines per page. There is no title page. The title <em>Hadhihi al-<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>awāshin allati amla'ha ‘alá Shar<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>ihi li-l-Asbāb wa-al-‘alāmāt</em> ("marginal glosses which he [the author] added to his commentary on <em>The Causes and Symptoms</em>) is taken from the start of the text (fol. 1a, lines 2-3). The author is named in the text (fol. 1a, line 1) as Nafīs ibn ‘Iwā<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḍ</font> al-Kirmānī al-Hakīm <em>al-mutatabbib</em> (the physician).</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">The text contains marginal <a href="glossary.html#gloss">glosses</a> (<em>hawashin</em>) which Nafīs ibn ‘Iwā<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḍ</font> al-Kirmānī appended to his lengthy commentary on Najīb al-Dīn al-Samaqandī's <em><a href="E17_E21.html#E20">Book of Causes and Symptoms</a></em>.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">The copy is undated. The general appearance of the paper, ink, and script suggests a date of the late 18th century.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">The text is written in a medium-small, inelegant and inconsistent <a href="glossary.html#naskh">naskh</a> script. The text area is not <a href="glossary.html#frame">frame-ruled</a>, and the text is written in uneven lines. The text on fol. 11-13 is written diagonally. Black ink. There are <a href="glossary.html#catchword">catchwords</a>. There are some marginal corrections by the <a href="glossary.html#copyist">copyist</a>. The copyist appears to be the same as that in <a href="glossary.html#manuscript">manuscript</a> <a href="mon8.html">NLM A 58.1</a>.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">The beige paper has vertical <a href="glossary.html#laid">laid lines</a> but no <a href="glossary.html#chain">chain lines</a>. It is severely wormeaten.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h2><span class="h2blue">Binding</span></h2>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">The volume is bound in a paper-covered Eastern library binding, with leather spine and corners. There are recent <a href="glossary.html#endpapers">endpapers</a> and <a href="glossary.html#pastedowns">pastedowns</a> . The same binding was used for manuscript NLM A 58.1.</p>
|
||
|
||
<h2><span class="h2blue">Provenance</span></h2>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">No information is available on its provenance or when it came into the collections of NLM. It was in the library of NLM by 1955, but it was not included in the <a href="abbreviation.html#schullian">Schullian/Sommer</a> catalogue.</p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h2><span class="h2blue">References</span></h2>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent"><a href="abbreviation.html#HamarnehN">Hamarneh, "NLM"</a>, p. 100.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p class="psource">NLM Microfilm Reel: FILM 55-42 no. 2</p>
|
||
|
||
<hr />
|
||
|
||
<br class="clearboth" />
|
||
|
||
<dl>
|
||
<dt>
|
||
<img src="/share/images99/dot.png" alt="Blue arrow pointing to the right" title="Blue arrow" class="redarrow" />
|
||
<a name="C15"></a><em><font face="Arial Unicode MS">Ṭ</font>ibb al-Akbar</em>
|
||
<span class="ms"> (MS P 20, item 1)</span></dt>
|
||
<dd>(<em>Akbar's Medicine</em>)</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dd><strong>طب الاكبر</strong></dd>
|
||
<dd>by Mu<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>ammad Akbar ibn Mīr <font face= "Arial Unicode MS">Ḥ</font>ajjī Mu<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>ammad Muqīm, known as <a href="bioM.html#muhammad">Mu<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>ammad Arzānī</a> (<a href="glossary.html#d">d.</a> 1722/ 1134 H)</dd>
|
||
|
||
<dd><strong>محمد اكبر ابن مير حاجى محمد مقيم عرف بمحمد ارزانى</strong></dd>
|
||
</dl>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">In 1701/1113 H, the <a href="glossary.html#sufi">Sufi</a> physician Mu<font face="Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>ammad Akbar, known as Mu<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>ammad Arzānī, completed his amplified Persian translation of <a href="bioN.html#nafis">Nafis ibn ‘Iwad al-Kirmani</a>'s commentary on the <em><a href="E17_E21.html#E20">Book of Causes and Symptoms</a></em> of <a href="bioN.html#najib">Najib al-Din al-Samarqandi</a>, and he dedicated it to ‘Alamgir, the <a href="glossary.html#mughal">Mughal</a> ruler of India whose court was at Delhi. Mu<font face="Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>ammad Akbar's Persian version of al-Kirmānī's commentary was titled "Akbar's Medicine" (<em><font face= "Arial Unicode MS">Ṭ</font> al-Akbar</em> or <em><font face= "Arial Unicode MS">Ṭ</font>-i Akbarī</em>). In the introduction to the treatise, Mu<font face="Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>ammad Akbar (also known as Mu<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>ammad Arzānī) stated that he omitted some unnecessary arguments found in al-Kirmānī's <em>Commentary on the 'Causes and Symptoms'</em> and added other pertinent material from the <em>Canon on Medicine</em> by <a href="bioA.html#avicenna">Avicenna</a>, the <em>Hawi</em> by al-<a href="bioR.html#razi">Rāzī</a>, the <em>Mūjiz</em> by <a href="bioI.html#alnafis">Ibn al-Nafīs</a>, and the commentaries on the <em>Mūjiz</em> written by al-<a href="bioA.html#aqsarai">Āqsarā’ī</a> and al-<a href="bioK.html#kazaruni">Kāzarūnī</a>. </p>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent"><em>Akbar's Medicine</em> consists of 27 chapters (<em>babs</em>) and a conclusion (<em>khatimah</em>). It is concerned with the symptoms and treatment of diseases specific to particular parts, arranged under the names of illness beginning with those affecting the head, as well as general diseases. The conclusion (in two parts) deals with the properties of compound remedies and medical terminology.</p>
|
||
|
||
<p class="indent">For other copies, <em>see</em> <a href="abbreviation.html#keshavarzW">Keshevaraz, "Wellcome"</a>, pp. 159-163; <a href="abbreviation.html#richter">Richter-Bernburg, "UCLA"</a>, pp. 151-2; <a href="abbreviation.html#storey2">Storey <em>PL</em> II</a>, pp. 270-1; <em>Catalogue of the Arabic and Persian Manuscripts in the Oriental Public Library at Bankipore</em>, vol. 11 (Patna: Government Printing, 1927), pp. 31-32; Hew Haven (Connecticut), Yale University, Beineke Library, Persian no. +101 (uncatalogued). For <a href="glossary.html#lithographed">lithographed</a> printings, <em>see</em> A. Z. Iskandar, "A Study of al-Samarqandi's Medical Writings", <em>Le Muséon</em>, vol. 85 (1972), p. 468 note 113.</p>
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<p class="indent"><em><font face="Arial Unicode MS">Ṭ</font>ibb al-Akbar</em> <span class="ms">(MS P 20, item 1)</span></p>
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<h2><span class="h2blue">Illustrations</span></h2>
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<div class="img"><a href="images/p2010a.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="images/p2010aThumb.jpg" alt="Folio 10a from MS P 20 features the first page of text from Muḥammad Arzānī's Ṭibb al-Akbar (Akbar's Medicine). The thin, glossy, biscuit paper has only indistinct wavy laid lines visible. The text is written in a medium-small ta‘liq using dense black ink with headings in red and red overlinings." title="MS P 20, fol. 10a" /></a>
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<div class="desc"><span class="ms"> MS P 20, fol. 10a</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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<p class="indent">The first page of text, following the table of contents, in the amplified Persian translation of <a href="bioN.html#nafis">Nafīs ibn ‘Iwad</a> al-Kirmānī's commentary on <a href="bioN.html#najib">Najib al-Din al-Samarqandī</a>'s <em>Book on Causes and Symptoms</em> that was known as <em><font face="Arial Unicode MS">Ṭ</font>ibb al-Akbar</em> or "Akbar's Medicine" and written in 1701/1113 H by Mu<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>ammad Akbar, also known as <a href="bioM.html#muhammad">Mu<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>ammad Arzānī</a>. The copy is undated; it appears to have been made in the 18th century.</p>
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<br class="clearboth" />
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<h2><span class="h2blue">Physical Description</span></h2>
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<p class="indent">Persian. 553 <a href="glossary.html#leaves">leaves</a> (fols. 1b-553b). <a href="glossary.html#dimensions">Dimensions</a>; 20 lines per page. The author's name is given in the preface to the text (fol. 10a, line 5). On the same <a href="glossary.html#folio">folio</a>, lines 12-14, it is stated to be a version of the <em>Shar<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font> al-Asbab wa-al-‘alamat</em> by Nafīs ibn ‘Iwad al-Kirmānī. The title <em><font face="Arial Unicode MS">Ṭ</font>ibb al-Akbar</em> is given on fol. 1b, line 1, at the start of the table of contents, which is labeled <em>Fihrist Kitāb <font face="Arial Unicode MS">Ṭ</font>ibb al-Akbar</em>.</p>
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<p class="indent">This is a complete copy of Mu<font face= "Arial Unicode MS">ḥ</font>ammad Arzānī's amplified Persian translation of the commentary by Nafīs ibn ‘Iwad al-Kirmānī. A table of contents occupies fols.1b-9b, with the text itself beginning on fol. 10a. The table of contents is written in a different hand from the main text, 15 lines to a page, and on slightly different, but similar, paper.</p>
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<p class="indent">The copy is undated. The general appearance of the paper, script, and ink suggests a dating of the 18th century.</p>
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<p class="indent">The main text is written in a medium-small <a href="glossary.html#taliq">ta‘liq</a>. Dense black ink with headings in red and red <a href="glossary.html#overlinings">overlinings</a>. The hand appears to change slightly and become larger and more cursive from fol. 485a onward. There are <a href="glossary.html#catchword">catchwords</a>. There are marginal corrections, and the copy has been <a href="glossary.html#collated">collated</a> (collation notes on 95a etc). There are also a few later <a href="glossary.html#marginalia">marginalia</a> in various hands. </p>
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<p class="indent">The thin, glossy, biscuit paper has only indistinct wavy <a href="glossary.html#laid">laid lines</a> visible. The paper is wormeaten and water damaged at the top. The edges have been trimmed from their original size. The first 50 leaves have been numbered in pencil in <a href="glossary.html#western">Western numerals</a>, <a href="glossary.html#paginated">paginated</a> from left to right with numerals 511-560. The volume has been recently <a href="glossary.html#refoliated">refoliated</a> correctly.</p>
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<p class="indent">The volume consists of 559 leaves and one unnumbered preliminary <a href="glossary.html#leaf">leaf</a>. Fols. 554-559 (<a href="mon6.html#p20item2">MS P 20, item 2</a>) contain six anatomical illustrations. Fols. 554a, 555b, 556a, 557b, 558a, and 559b are blank. Folio 1a is blank except for a later note on compound remedies (<em>mujarrabat</em>). The preliminary folio [1a-1b] has a table of contents for three chapters (<em>bab</em>s) from a different treatise (on diseases of the head, eyes,and ears), added later.</p>
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<h2><span class="h2blue">Binding</span></h2>
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<p class="indent">The volume is bound in a modern European library <a href="glossary.html#bindings">binding</a> of <a href="glossary.html#pasteboards">pasteboards</a> covered with dark-red leather. There are modern <a href="glossary.html#pastedowns">pastedowns</a> and <a href="glossary.html#endpapers">endpapers</a>.</p>
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<h2><span class="h2blue">Provenance</span></h2>
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<p class="indent">The volume was purchased in 1940 by the Army Medical Library from the New York dealer Maggs. <em>See</em>, Maggs Bros. Ltd [sale catalogue], <em>Manuscripts of Asia, Africa and Europe in thirty different languages, Catalogue 687, Spring 1940</em> (London, 1940), p. 31, Lot 137.</p>
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<h2><span class="h2blue">References</span></h2>
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||
<p class="indent">Maggs Bros. Ltd [sale catalogue], <em>Manuscripts of Asia, Africa and Europe in thirty different languages, Catalogue 687, Spring 1940</em> (London, 1940), p. 31, Lot 137; <a href="abbreviation.html#schullian">Schullian/Sommer</a>, <em>Cat. of incun. & MSS.</em>, p. 336, entry P20.</p>
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<p class="psource">NLM Microfilm Reel: FILM 48-135 no. 3</p>
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