1576 lines
80 KiB
Text
1576 lines
80 KiB
Text
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
||
<html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#" data-nid="1687">
|
||
<head>
|
||
<meta charset="utf-8" />
|
||
<meta name="description" content="Specific phobia is an intense, irrational fear of something that poses little or no actual danger. Although adults with phobias may realize that these fears are irrational, even thinking about facing the feared object or situation brings on severe anxiety symptoms." />
|
||
<link rel="canonical" href="https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/specific-phobia" />
|
||
<meta property="og:site_name" content="National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)" />
|
||
<meta property="og:title" content="Specific Phobia" />
|
||
<meta property="og:description" content="Specific phobia is an intense, irrational fear of something that poses little or no actual danger. Although adults with phobias may realize that these fears are irrational, even thinking about facing the feared object or situation brings on severe anxiety symptoms." />
|
||
<meta name="twitter:description" content="Specific phobia is an intense, irrational fear of something that poses little or no actual danger. Although adults with phobias may realize that these fears are irrational, even thinking about facing the feared object or situation brings on severe anxiety symptoms." />
|
||
<meta name="twitter:title" content="Specific Phobia" />
|
||
<meta name="twitter:site" content="@nimhgov" />
|
||
<meta name="google-site-verification" content="lKfmfhtNgohd8-snRwpaLWOcbbkS_saLoN9IUJKBvUM" />
|
||
<meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)" />
|
||
<meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" />
|
||
<meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" />
|
||
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
|
||
<script>
|
||
var mainDomain = document.location.hostname.match(/(([^.\/]+\.[^.\/]{2,3}\.[^.\/]{2})|(([^.\/]+\.)[^.\/]{2,4}([^.\/]+\.)[^.\/]{2,4}))(\/.*)?$/)[1];
|
||
try{dataLayer.push({'baseDomain': mainDomain.toLowerCase()});}
|
||
catch(err){ dataLayer = [{'baseDomain': mainDomain.toLowerCase()}];} (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':
|
||
new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],
|
||
j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src=
|
||
'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);
|
||
})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-T58NF4');
|
||
</script>
|
||
<script>
|
||
window._monsido = window._monsido || {
|
||
token: "VsAIOc905Tjeazm18evt9w",
|
||
statistics: {
|
||
enabled: true,
|
||
cookieLessTracking: true,
|
||
documentTracking: {
|
||
enabled: true,
|
||
documentCls: "",
|
||
documentIgnoreCls: "",
|
||
documentExt: ["doc","docx","pdf","ppt","pptx","rtf","txt","xls","xlsx"],
|
||
},
|
||
},
|
||
heatmap: {
|
||
enabled: true,
|
||
},
|
||
};
|
||
</script>
|
||
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://app-script.monsido.com/v2/monsido-script.js" async></script>
|
||
<link rel="icon" href="/themes/nimhtheme/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" />
|
||
|
||
<title>Specific Phobia - National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)</title>
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_hWncu7OJItJxjVfV8d-pQlCh3OkWfqGUIp5yRJgumac.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=nimhtheme&include=eJxNyUsOgDAIBcAL2fRM1CCPhE8ibHp73el2JtTRYOcplotsVG_TkCO-yBTjcWV0_RgqOEH3i7Wr2eei4gf5fR9f" />
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_hCFOd9odoQi9Sb_-X1tdJUsdnGzf9PI7mC1Uc81hfRY.css?delta=1&language=en&theme=nimhtheme&include=eJxNyUsOgDAIBcAL2fRM1CCPhE8ibHp73el2JtTRYOcplotsVG_TkCO-yBTjcWV0_RgqOEH3i7Wr2eei4gf5fR9f" />
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400,700|Roboto:400,500|Petit+Formal+Script" />
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_prlv44O9RmnTVqZLbVocZOZS9kiEhXXPOoRVVQ61BVk.css?delta=3&language=en&theme=nimhtheme&include=eJxNyUsOgDAIBcAL2fRM1CCPhE8ibHp73el2JtTRYOcplotsVG_TkCO-yBTjcWV0_RgqOEH3i7Wr2eei4gf5fR9f" />
|
||
|
||
<script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_hHcbjioXnFdeLhou0EKQXHgfyveYAJk2htxDuScnPdQ.js?scope=header&delta=0&language=en&theme=nimhtheme&include=eJzLy8zNKMlIzU3VT8vPK0ksTy3Oz02NN9PJg4un5-QnJeboFicXZRaUFCNJZGSmZyRnJBaVFAMAts8bKw"></script>
|
||
|
||
</head>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable">
|
||
Skip to main content
|
||
</a>
|
||
<noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-T58NF4" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe>
|
||
</noscript>
|
||
|
||
<div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas>
|
||
<div class="layout-container">
|
||
<div>
|
||
<div id="block-nimhtheme-governmentdomainbanner" class="block block-block-content block-block-content976fab65-59c7-46e1-bf9f-cf5178b680b4">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><section class="usa-banner" aria-label="Official website of the United States government"><div class="usa-accordion"><header class="usa-banner__header"><div class="usa-banner__inner"><div class="grid-col-auto"><img class="usa-banner__header-flag" aria-hidden="true" src="/themes/nimhtheme/uswds/images/us_flag_small.png" alt></div><div class="grid-col-fill tablet:grid-col-auto" aria-hidden="true"><p class="usa-banner__header-text">An official website of the United States government</p><p class="usa-banner__header-action">Here’s how you know</p></div><p class="m-0 p-0"><button class="usa-accordion__button usa-banner__button" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="gov-banner-default"><span class="usa-banner__button-text">Here’s how you know</span></button></p></div></header><div class="usa-banner__content usa-accordion__content" id="gov-banner-default" hidden><div class="grid-row grid-gap-lg"><div class="usa-banner__guidance tablet:grid-col-6"><p><img class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img" src="/themes/nimhtheme/uswds/images/icon-dot-gov.svg" role="img" alt aria-hidden="true"></p><div class="usa-media-block__body"><p><strong>Official websites use .gov</strong><br>A <strong>.gov</strong> website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.</p></div></div><div class="usa-banner__guidance tablet:grid-col-6"><p><img class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img" src="/themes/nimhtheme/uswds/images/icon-https.svg" role="img" alt aria-hidden="true"></p><div class="usa-media-block__body"><p><strong>Secure .gov websites use HTTPS</strong><br>A <strong>lock</strong> ( <span class="icon-lock"><svg class="usa-banner__lock-image" width="52" height="64" viewBox="0 0 52 64" role="img" aria-labelledby="banner-lock-description-default" focusable="false"><title id="banner-lock-title-default">Lock</title> <desc id="banner-lock-description-default">Locked padlock icon</desc> <path fill="#000000" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M26 0c10.493 0 19 8.507 19 19v9h3a4 4 0 0 1 4 4v28a4 4 0 0 1-4 4H4a4 4 0 0 1-4-4V32a4 4 0 0 1 4-4h3v-9C7 8.507 15.507 0 26 0zm0 8c-5.979 0-10.843 4.77-10.996 10.712L15 19v9h22v-9c0-6.075-4.925-11-11-11z" /></svg></span>) or <strong>https://</strong> means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.</p></div></div></div></div></div></section></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="header-wrapper">
|
||
<div class="header-container">
|
||
<header role="banner">
|
||
<div id="main-header-layout" >
|
||
<div id="block-sitebranding-2" class="block block-system block-system-branding-block">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="/" title="NIMH Home" rel="home">
|
||
<img src="/themes/nimhtheme/nimh-logo.svg" alt="NIMH Logo" />
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="block-nimhtheme-incrisisstickybox" class="block block-block-content block-block-content34cda229-f96b-4500-8796-12d7fc307d77">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><div id="nimh-in-crisis-callout"><a href="https://988lifeline.org/"><i class="fa-light fa-circle-exclamation" aria-hidden="true"></i> In Crisis? Call or Text 988 <i class="fa-regular fa-angles-right"></i></a></div></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="block-tagline" class="block block-block-content block-block-contentf3b653dc-7e5d-4582-8234-a93001424fde">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p id="tagline">Transforming the understanding
|
||
<br>
|
||
and treatment of mental illnesses.
|
||
</p></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="block-nimhtheme-searchsite" class="block block-block-content block-block-content0946d2cf-ffcf-44fb-b65d-3057740945c0">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="m-0 text-small text-right d-none d-lg-block"><a href="/">Home</a> | <a href="/site-info/contact-nimh" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="3b82dd34-6040-4763-a9ff-db0c3d5b6a38" data-entity-substitution="canonical">Contact Us</a> | <a href="/health/find-help" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="95a25c22-6bc4-4ac3-ad7b-d3aca76eaed0" data-entity-substitution="canonical">Help for Mental Illnesses</a></p><div class="mobile-helper-icons"><span class="hidden-md hidden-lg"><i class="fas fa-search search_icon"></i></span> <span class="menu_icon sb-toggle-right hidden-md hidden-lg"><i class="fas fa-bars"></i></span></div><form class="search-in-banner" accept-charset="UTF-8" action="/search-nimh" id="search_form" method="get" name="Search" role="search"><p class="mt-2 mb-1"><label for="query"><span class="hidden">Search the NIMH Website: </span></label><input class="searchbox usagov-search-autocomplete ui-autocomplete-input" aria-label="Search the NIMH website" autocomplete="off" id="query" name="query" placeholder="Search the NIMH website" type="text"> <input type="submit" value="Search"></p></form><div class="hidden-xs hidden-sm"><p class="small text-right m-0"><a href="/health/topics/espanol" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="d6df42f3-6876-496e-918c-cc34cc7681f7" data-entity-substitution="canonical" lang="es">Información en español</a></p></div></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</header>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div> <div id="menu_horizontal" class="primary-menu-container">
|
||
<div>
|
||
<nav id="block-nimhtheme-main-menu" role="navigation" aria-label="Main navigation" id="block-nimhtheme-main-menu">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<ul class="main-menu-content">
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/health" class="main-menu__health" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1925">Mental Health Information</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/get-involved" class="main-menu__getinvolved" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2019">Get Involved</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/research" class="main-menu__research" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/7518">Research</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/funding" class="main-menu__funding" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1128">Funding</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/news" class="main-menu__news" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2128">News & Events</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/about" class="main-menu__about" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/7558">About Us</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<div class="megamenu_container">
|
||
<div id="health-megamenu" class="megamenu">
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span4">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/health/topics">
|
||
<h2>Health Topics</h2>
|
||
<p>NIMH offers expert-reviewed information on mental disorders and a range of topics.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span4">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/health/statistics">
|
||
<h2>Statistics</h2>
|
||
<p>NIMH statistics pages include statistics on the prevalence, treatment, and costs of mental illness for the population of the United States.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span4">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/health/publications">
|
||
<h2>Brochures and Fact Sheets</h2>
|
||
<p>Download, read, and order free NIMH brochures and fact sheets about mental disorders and related topics.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span4">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/health/find-help">
|
||
<h2>Help for Mental Illnesses</h2>
|
||
<p>If you or someone you know has a mental illness, there are ways to get help. Use these resources to find help for yourself, a friend, or a family member.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span4">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/health/trials">
|
||
<h2>Clinical Trials</h2>
|
||
<p>If you or a friend or family member are thinking about taking part in clinical research, this page contains basic information about clinical trials.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="getinvolved-megamenu" class="megamenu">
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span4">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/get-involved/public-involvement">
|
||
<h2>Stakeholder Engagement</h2>
|
||
<p>Find out how NIMH engages a range of stakeholder organizations as part of its efforts to ensure the greatest public health impact of the research we support.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span4">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/get-involved/connect-with-nimh">
|
||
<h2>Connect with NIMH</h2>
|
||
<p>Learn more about NIMH newsletters, public participation in grant reviews, research funding, clinical trials, the NIMH Gift Fund, and connecting with NIMH on social media. </p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span4">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/get-involved/digital-shareables">
|
||
<h2>Digital Shareables</h2>
|
||
<p>Use these free education and outreach materials in your community and on social media to spread the word about mental health and related topics.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span4">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/get-involved/science-education">
|
||
<h2>Science Education</h2>
|
||
<p>Use these free digital, outreach materials in your community and on social media to spread the word about mental health.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span4">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/get-involved/events">
|
||
<h2>Upcoming Observances and Related Events</h2>
|
||
<p>Get Involved observances calendar</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="research-megamenu" class="megamenu">
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span6">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/research/research-funded-by-nimh">
|
||
<h2>Research Funded by NIMH</h2>
|
||
<p>NIMH supports research at universities, medical centers, and other institutions via grants, contracts, and cooperative agreements. Learn more about NIMH research areas, policies, resources, and initiatives.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span6">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/research/research-conducted-at-nimh">
|
||
<h2>Research Conducted at NIMH (Intramural Research Program)</h2>
|
||
<p>The Division of Intramural Research Programs (IRP) is the internal research division of the NIMH. Over 40 research groups conduct basic neuroscience research and clinical investigations of mental illnesses, brain function, and behavior at the NIH campus in Bethesda, Maryland. Learn more about research conducted at NIMH.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span6">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/research/priority-research-areas">
|
||
<h2>Priority Research Areas</h2>
|
||
<p>Learn about NIMH priority areas for research and funding that have the potential to improve mental health care over the short, medium, and long term.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span6">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/research/research-funded-by-nimh/research-resources">
|
||
<h2>Resources for Researchers</h2>
|
||
<p>Information about resources such as data, tissue, model organisms and imaging resources to support the NIMH research community.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="funding-megamenu" class="megamenu">
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span3">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/funding/opportunities-announcements">
|
||
<h2>Opportunities & Announcements</h2>
|
||
<p>Find all NIMH and cross-NIH funding opportunities.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span3">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/funding/funding-strategy-for-research-grants">
|
||
<h2>Funding Strategy for Grants</h2>
|
||
<p>Read more about the NIMH Strategic Plan for Research, Strategic Research Priorities, the anatomy of NIMH funding, and our yearly funding strategy for research grants.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span3">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/funding/grant-writing-and-application-process">
|
||
<h2>Application Process</h2>
|
||
<p>Explore the NIMH grant application process, including how to write your grant, how to submit your grant, and how the review process works.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span3">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/funding/managing-your-grant">
|
||
<h2>Managing Grants</h2>
|
||
<p>Learn about how NIMH manages research grants, including policies and reporting requirements.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span3">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/funding/clinical-research">
|
||
<h2>Clinical Research</h2>
|
||
<p>Find the latest NIH and NIMH policies, guidance, and resources for clinical research.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span3">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/funding/training">
|
||
<h2>Training</h2>
|
||
<p>Explore NIMH research training and career development opportunities.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span3">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/funding/sbir">
|
||
<h2>Small Business Research</h2>
|
||
<p>Learn about funding opportunities for small businesses.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span3">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner_extra">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner_pad">
|
||
<section class="box">
|
||
<h3>Quick Links</h3>
|
||
<p><a href="/funding/opportunities-announcements/funding-grant-news">Funding & Grant News</a></p>
|
||
<p><a href="/funding/opportunities-announcements/clinical-trials-foas">Support for Clinical Trials at NIMH</a></p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="news-megamenu" class="megamenu">
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span4">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/news/science-updates">
|
||
<h2>Science Updates</h2>
|
||
<p>List of NIMH science updates including press releases, research highlights, and institute announcements.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span4">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/news/events">
|
||
<h2>Meetings and Events</h2>
|
||
<p>Details about upcoming events—including meetings, conferences, workshops, lectures, webinars, and chats—sponsored by NIMH.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span4">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/news/media">
|
||
<h2>Multimedia</h2>
|
||
<p>NIMH videos and podcasts featuring science news, lecture series, meetings, seminars, and special events.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span4">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/news/social-media">
|
||
<h2>Social Media</h2>
|
||
<p>The latest information and resources on mental disorders shared on X, Facebook, YouTube, LinkedIn, and Instagram.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span4">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/news/press-resources">
|
||
<h2>Press Resources</h2>
|
||
<p>Information about NIMH, research results, summaries of scientific meetings, and mental health resources.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span4">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/news/email-updates">
|
||
<h2>Email Updates</h2>
|
||
<p>Updates about mental health topics, including NIMH news, upcoming events, mental disorders, funding opportunities, and research.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span4">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/news/innovation-speaker-series">
|
||
<h2>Innovation Speaker Series</h2>
|
||
<p>An annual lecture series dedicated to innovation, invention, and scientific discovery.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span4">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner_extra">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner_pad">
|
||
<h3>Contact the Press Office</h3>
|
||
<p>301-443-4536</p>
|
||
<p><a class="single-link" href="mailto:NIMHpress@nih.gov">NIMHpress@nih.gov</a></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="about-megamenu" class="megamenu">
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span3">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/about/director">
|
||
<h2>About the Acting NIMH Director</h2>
|
||
<p>Learn more about the Acting Director of the NIMH, Shelli Avenevoli, Ph.D.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span3">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/about/advisory-boards-and-groups">
|
||
<h2>Advisory Boards and Groups</h2>
|
||
<p>Read about the boards and groups that advise and provide guidance to the Institute.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span3">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/about/strategic-planning-reports">
|
||
<h2>Strategic Plan</h2>
|
||
<p>Learn more about NIMH's roadmap for the Institute’s research priorities over the next five years.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span3">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/about/organization">
|
||
<h2>Offices and Divisions</h2>
|
||
<p>Learn more about the functions of each NIMH office and division.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span3">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/about/budget">
|
||
<h2>Budget</h2>
|
||
<p>Read the annual NIMH Congressional Justifications.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span3">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/about/careers">
|
||
<h2>Careers at NIMH</h2>
|
||
<p>Search for jobs, including scientific, administrative and executive careers at NIMH.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span3">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/about/staff-directories">
|
||
<h2>Staff Directories</h2>
|
||
<p>Find the names, telephone numbers, email addresses, and office locations of NIMH staff.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span3">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/about/nimh-history">
|
||
<h2>History</h2>
|
||
<p>Explore key milestones, discoveries, and the impact of NIMH-funded studies on mental health.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span3">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner">
|
||
<a class="megamenu_nav_i" href="/about/connect-with-nimh">
|
||
<h2>Getting to NIMH</h2>
|
||
<p>Find directions, maps, parking information, and other visitor information for NIMH.</p>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div class="menu_flexbox_span3">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner_extra">
|
||
<div class="menu_inner_pad">
|
||
<h3>Quick Links</h3>
|
||
<p><strong><a href="/about/connect-with-nimh/donate-to-mental-health-research" title="Donate to Mental Health Research">Contribute to Mental Health Research</a></strong></p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</nav>
|
||
<nav id="block-mobilenavigation" role="navigation" aria-label="Mobile navigation" id="block-mobilenavigation">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p class="mobile-menu-close"><i class="fas fa-times fa-2x"></i></p>
|
||
<ul class="main-menu-content">
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/health" class="mobile-menu-top-level health-menu" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1925">Mental Health Information</a>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/health" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1925">Mental Health Information Home</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/health/topics" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1926">Health Topics</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/health/statistics" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1243">Statistics</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/health/publications" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1927">Brochures and Fact Sheets</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/health/find-help" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1944">Help for Mental Illnesses</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/health/trials" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2009">Clinical Trials</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/get-involved" class="mobile-menu-top-level getinvolved-menu" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2019">Get Involved</a>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/get-involved" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2019">Get Involved Home</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/get-involved/public-involvement" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2127">Stakeholder Engagement</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/get-involved/connect-with-nimh" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/8488">Connect with NIMH</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/get-involved/digital-shareables" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/7521">Digital Shareables</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/get-involved/science-education" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/10164">Science Education</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/get-involved/events" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/8489">Upcoming Observances and Related Events</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/research" class="mobile-menu-top-level research-menu" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/7518">Research</a>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/research" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/7518">Research Home</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/research/research-funded-by-nimh" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1992">Research Funded by NIMH</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/research/research-conducted-at-nimh" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1123">Research Conducted at NIMH (Intramural Research Program)</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/funding" class="mobile-menu-top-level funding-menu" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1128">Funding</a>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/funding" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1128">Funding Home</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/funding/opportunities-announcements" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1029">Opportunities & Announcements</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/funding/funding-strategy-for-research-grants/strategy-for-research-grants" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1137">Strategy for Research Grants</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/funding/grant-writing-and-application-process" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1995">Grant Writing & Approval Process</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/funding/managing-your-grant" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1140">Managing Grants</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/funding/clinical-research" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1190">Clinical Research</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/funding/training" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2007">Research Training and Career Development Opportunities</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/funding/sbir" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1674">Small Business Research</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/news" class="mobile-menu-top-level news-menu" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2128">News & Events</a>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/news" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2128">News & Events Home</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/news/science-updates" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/4730">Science Updates</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/news/events" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1986">Meetings and Events</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/news/media" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/5039">Multimedia</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/news/social-media" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1659">Social Media</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/news/press-resources" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1653">Press Resources</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/news/email-updates" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2023">Email Updates</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/news/innovation-speaker-series" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/7539">Innovation Speaker Series</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/about" class="mobile-menu-top-level about-menu" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/7558">About Us</a>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/about" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/7558">About Us Home</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/about/director" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/7459">About the Acting NIMH Director</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/about/advisory-boards-and-groups" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1964">Advisory Boards and Groups</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/about/strategic-planning-reports" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1959">Strategic Plan</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/about/organization" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1963">Offices and Divisions</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/about/budget" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1967">Budget</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/about/careers" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/1960">Careers at NIMH</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/about/staff-directories" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/2030">Staff Directories</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/about/nimh-history" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/11838">History</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="navmenu_link">
|
||
<a href="/about/connect-with-nimh" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/7564">Getting to NIMH</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div> <div class="submenu">
|
||
<div class="container">
|
||
<div class="row">
|
||
<div class="col-md-12">
|
||
<ul class="group navbar">
|
||
<li class="span navbarli"><a href="/health/topics" class="navbari topnav subroot">Health Topics</a></li>
|
||
<li class="span navbarli"><a href="/health/statistics" class="navbari topnav subroot">Statistics</a></li>
|
||
<li class="span navbarli"><a href="/health/publications" class="navbari topnav subroot">Brochures and Fact Sheets</a></li>
|
||
<li class="span navbarli"><a href="/health/find-help" class="navbari topnav subroot">Help for Mental Illnesses</a></li>
|
||
<li class="span navbarli"><a href="/health/trials" class="navbari topnav subroot">Clinical Trials</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="wrapper" class="pt-3 pt-sm-3 pt-md-3 pt-lg-0">
|
||
<div class="container pt-5 pt-sm-5 pt-md-5 pt-lg-0">
|
||
<div class="row"><div class="col-md-12 hidden-xs"><div class="breadcrumbs"><nav id="breadcrumbs" class="breadcrumbs__nav" aria-label="breadcrumb links" data-dirids="2291 2582"><a href="/" data-dirlevel="0">Home</a> > <a href="/health" data-refid="1925" data-dirlevel="1" data-dirid="2291" >Mental Health Information</a> > <a href="/health/statistics" data-refid="1243" data-dirlevel="2" data-dirid="2582" >Statistics</a> > <span data-refid="1687" data-dirlevel="3" data-dirid="2582" data-isleaf="1">Specific Phobia</span></nav></div></div></div>
|
||
<div id="main_container">
|
||
<section class="share_links_wrap">
|
||
<div class="share_links_wrap_inner">
|
||
<h6 class="share_links_header">Share Page</h6>
|
||
<div class="share_links">
|
||
<a href="https://www.facebook.com/dialog/share?app_id=1086499805165807&display=popup&href=https://www.nimh.nih.gov%2Fhealth%2Fstatistics%2Fspecific-phobia&redirect_uri=https://www.nimh.nih.gov%2Fhealth%2Fstatistics%2Fspecific-phobia" rel="external noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" class="external-disclaimer" aria-label="Share this page on Facebook"><span class="facebook-share"><i class="fab fa-facebook-f"></i></span></a>
|
||
<a href="https://x.com/intent/post?url=https://www.nimh.nih.gov%2Fhealth%2Fstatistics%2Fspecific-phobia&text=Specific%20Phobia" rel="external noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" class="external-disclaimer" aria-label="Share this page on X"><span class="twitter-share"><i class="fab fa-x-twitter"></i></span></a>
|
||
<a href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://www.nimh.nih.gov%2Fhealth%2Fstatistics%2Fspecific-phobia&title=Specific%20Phobia" rel="external noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" class="external-disclaimer" aria-label="Share this page on LinkedIn"><span class="linkedin-share"><i class="fa-brands fa-linkedin-in"></i></span></a>
|
||
<a href="mailto:?subject=I%20Saw%20This%20on%20www.nimh.nih.gov%20--%20Specific%20Phobia&body=https://www.nimh.nih.gov%2Fhealth%2Fstatistics%2Fspecific-phobia" aria-label="Share this page by email"><span class="email-share"><i class="fas fa-envelope"></i></span></a>
|
||
<button class="print_icon" aria-label="Open print helper modal"><i class="fas fa-print"></i></button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<div class="row">
|
||
<div class="flex_main_container col-md-12">
|
||
<div class="visible-xs sidebar-menu-helper">
|
||
<p class="leftnav_menu_toggle sb-toggle-left">Menu <i class="fas fa-long-arrow-alt-right" aria-hidden="true"></i>
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<aside class="layout-sidebar-first" role="complementary">
|
||
<nav>
|
||
|
||
<div id="pagenav" class="areanav_child affix">
|
||
<ul class="pagenav_items">
|
||
<li class="pagenav_item link-container">
|
||
<a class="pagenav_item_text nav_item_text single-link" href="#part_2635">Definition</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="pagenav_item link-container">
|
||
<a class="pagenav_item_text nav_item_text single-link" href="#part_2636">Prevalence of Specific Phobia Among Adults</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="pagenav_item link-container">
|
||
<a class="pagenav_item_text nav_item_text single-link" href="#part_2637">Specific Phobia with Impairment Among Adults </a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="pagenav_item link-container">
|
||
<a class="pagenav_item_text nav_item_text single-link" href="#part_2638">Lifetime Prevalence of Specific Phobia Among Adolescents</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li class="pagenav_item link-container">
|
||
<a class="pagenav_item_text nav_item_text single-link" href="#part_2639">Data Sources</a>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
</aside>
|
||
|
||
<div id="main_content" class="areanav-true sidebar-false">
|
||
<main id="main-content">
|
||
<article id="main_content_inner">
|
||
<div>
|
||
<div id="block-nimhtheme-page-title" class="block block-core block-page-title-block">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<h1 class="splashBanner__title" >Specific Phobia</h1>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="block-nimhtheme-content" class="block block-system block-system-main-block">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd">
|
||
<html><body><div data-history-node-id="1687" class="node node--type-basic-page node--view-mode-full clearfix">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="node__content clearfix">
|
||
<div data-fieldname="field_anchor_links">
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<section class="box_section" data-nid="2635" data-cms-title="Definition" data-cms-anchor="1">
|
||
<h2 id="part_2635">Definition</h2>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<p><strong>Specific phobia</strong> is an intense, irrational fear of something that poses little or no actual danger. Although adults with phobias may realize that these fears are irrational, even thinking about facing the feared object or situation brings on severe anxiety symptoms.</p>
|
||
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<section class="box_section" data-nid="2636" data-cms-title="Prevalence of Specific Phobia Among Adults" data-cms-anchor="1">
|
||
<h2 id="part_2636">Prevalence of Specific Phobia Among Adults</h2>
|
||
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Based on diagnostic interview data from National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R), Figure 1 shows past year prevalence of specific phobia among U.S. adults aged 18 or older.<sup>1</sup>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>An estimated 9.1% of U.S. adults had specific phobia in the past year.</li>
|
||
<li>Past year prevalence of specific phobia among adults was higher for females (12.2%) than for males (5.8%).</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li>An estimated 12.5% of U.S. adults experience specific phobia at some time in their lives.<sup>2</sup></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<h4>Figure 1</h4>
|
||
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="chart_3442" class="chart_container" data-nid="3442"></div>
|
||
<div id="chart_dataTable_3442" class="chartTable_container"><table class="chartTable">
|
||
<caption class="chartTable__caption">Past Year Prevalence of Specific Phobia Among U.S Adults</caption>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" colspan="2">Demographic</th>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" scope="col">Percent</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" colspan="2" data-cms-chart-color="overall" scope="row">Overall</th>
|
||
<td class="chartTable__cell">9.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" data-cms-chart-color="gender" rowspan="2" scope="row">Sex</th>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" scope="row">Female</th>
|
||
<td class="chartTable__cell">12.2</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" scope="row">Male</th>
|
||
<td class="chartTable__cell">5.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" data-cms-chart-color="age" rowspan="5" scope="rowgroup">Age</th>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" scope="row">18-29</th>
|
||
<td class="chartTable__cell">10.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" scope="row">30-44</th>
|
||
<td class="chartTable__cell">9.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" scope="row">45-59</th>
|
||
<td class="chartTable__cell">10.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" scope="row">60+</th>
|
||
<td class="chartTable__cell">5.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<script>Highcharts.setOptions({
|
||
lang: {
|
||
decimalPoint: '.',
|
||
thousandsSep: ','
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
var highchart = Highcharts.chart('chart_3442', {
|
||
chart: {
|
||
type: 'column'
|
||
},
|
||
title: {
|
||
text: 'Past Year Prevalence of Specific Phobia Among U.S Adults'
|
||
},
|
||
subtitle: {
|
||
text: 'Data from National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R)',
|
||
style: {
|
||
fontSize: '16px'
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
credits: {
|
||
enabled: false
|
||
},
|
||
exporting: {
|
||
buttons: {
|
||
contextButton: {
|
||
menuItems: ["viewFullscreen",
|
||
"printChart",
|
||
"separator",
|
||
"downloadPNG",
|
||
"downloadJPEG",
|
||
"downloadPDF",
|
||
"downloadSVG",
|
||
"separator",
|
||
"downloadCSV",
|
||
"downloadXLS",
|
||
"separator",
|
||
{text: 'View data table',
|
||
className: "custom-view-table",
|
||
onclick: function(){
|
||
console.log(this.exportDivElements);
|
||
var dataTableMenuItem;
|
||
for(var i = 0; i < this.exportDivElements.length; i++){
|
||
if( this.exportDivElements[i] .classList.contains('highcharts-menu-item')){
|
||
dataTableMenuItem = this.exportDivElements[i];
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
if(dataTableMenuItem.innerHTML == "View data table"){
|
||
dataTableMenuItem.innerHTML = "Hide data table";
|
||
}
|
||
else{
|
||
dataTableMenuItem.innerHTML = "View data table";
|
||
}
|
||
var chartID = this.renderTo.id;
|
||
var hChart = document.getElementById(chartID);
|
||
var chartTable = document.getElementById(chartID).nextElementSibling;
|
||
if(chartTable .classList.contains('active')){
|
||
chartTable.classList.remove("active");
|
||
}
|
||
else{
|
||
chartTable.classList.add("active");
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
yAxis: {
|
||
min: 0,
|
||
max: 14,
|
||
tickInterval: 2,
|
||
title: {
|
||
text: "Percent",
|
||
style: {
|
||
fontSize: "16px"
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
labels: {
|
||
style: {
|
||
fontSize: '12px'
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
gridLineWidth: 0,
|
||
lineWidth: 1
|
||
},
|
||
xAxis: {
|
||
labels: {
|
||
groupedOptions: [{
|
||
borderColor: "white",
|
||
style: {
|
||
fontWeight: "bold",
|
||
fontSize: "12px"
|
||
}
|
||
}],
|
||
rotation: 0,
|
||
formatter: function() {
|
||
if (this.value) {
|
||
return this.value.toString().replace(' ~~~ ', '<br />');
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
categories: [{
|
||
categories: ["Overall"]
|
||
}, {
|
||
name: "Sex",
|
||
categories: ["Female", "Male"]
|
||
}, {
|
||
name: "Age",
|
||
categories: ["18-29", "30-44", "45-59", "60+"]
|
||
}],
|
||
gridLineWidth: 0
|
||
},
|
||
tooltip: {
|
||
formatter: function() {
|
||
var headerText = '';
|
||
if (this.point.category.parent.name) {
|
||
headerText = '<b>' + this.point.category.parent.name.replace(' ~~~ ', ' ') + '<br />';
|
||
}
|
||
return headerText + '<b>' + this.point.category.name.replace(' ~~~ ', ' ') + ': ' + this.point.y + ' Percent';
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
legend: {
|
||
enabled: false
|
||
},
|
||
plotOptions: {
|
||
series: {
|
||
borderColor: '#ddd',
|
||
grouping: false,
|
||
maxPointWidth: 50,
|
||
dataLabels: {
|
||
crop: false,
|
||
overflow: 'none',
|
||
className: 'datalabels-groupcolumn',
|
||
enabled: true,
|
||
formatter: function() {
|
||
if (this.y > 0) {
|
||
return Highcharts.numberFormat(this.y, 1);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
series: [{
|
||
name: 'Percent',
|
||
data: [{
|
||
y: 9.1,
|
||
color: "#17375e"
|
||
}, {
|
||
y: 12.2,
|
||
color: "#4bacc6"
|
||
}, {
|
||
y: 5.8,
|
||
color: "#4bacc6"
|
||
}, {
|
||
y: 10.3,
|
||
color: "#1f497d"
|
||
}, {
|
||
y: 9.7,
|
||
color: "#1f497d"
|
||
}, {
|
||
y: 10.3,
|
||
color: "#1f497d"
|
||
}, {
|
||
y: 5.6,
|
||
color: "#1f497d"
|
||
}]
|
||
}]
|
||
});</script>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<section class="box_section" data-nid="2637" data-cms-title="Specific Phobia with Impairment Among Adults " data-cms-anchor="1">
|
||
<h2 id="part_2637">Specific Phobia with Impairment Among Adults </h2>
|
||
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Of adults with specific phobia in the past year, degree of impairment ranged from mild to serious, as shown in Figure 2. Impairment was determined by scores on the Sheehan Disability Scale.<sup>3</sup></li>
|
||
<li>Of adults with specific phobia in the past year, an estimated 21.9% had serious impairment, 30.0% had moderate impairment, and 48.1% had mild impairment.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<h4>Figure 2</h4>
|
||
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="chart_3443" class="chart_container" data-nid="3443"></div>
|
||
<div id="chart_dataTable_3443" class="chartTable_container"><table class="chartTable">
|
||
<caption class="chartTable__caption">Past Year Severity of Specific Phobia Among U.S. Adults (2001-2003)</caption>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" scope="col">Severity</th>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" scope="col">Percent</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" scope="row">Mild</th>
|
||
<td class="chartTable__cell" data-cms-chart-color="2">48.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" scope="row">Moderate</th>
|
||
<td class="chartTable__cell" data-cms-chart-color="3">30.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" scope="row">Serious</th>
|
||
<td class="chartTable__cell" data-cms-chart-color="4">21.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
<tfoot>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" scope="row">Total</th>
|
||
<td class="chartTable__cell">100</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tfoot>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<script>Highcharts.setOptions({
|
||
lang: {
|
||
decimalPoint: '.',
|
||
thousandsSep: ','
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
var highchart = Highcharts.chart('chart_3443', {
|
||
chart: {
|
||
type: 'pie'
|
||
},
|
||
title: {
|
||
text: 'Past Year Severity of Specific Phobia Among U.S. Adults (2001-2003)'
|
||
},
|
||
subtitle: {
|
||
text: 'Data from National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R)',
|
||
style: {
|
||
fontSize: '16px'
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
credits: {
|
||
enabled: false
|
||
},
|
||
exporting: {
|
||
buttons: {
|
||
contextButton: {
|
||
menuItems: ["viewFullscreen",
|
||
"printChart",
|
||
"separator",
|
||
"downloadPNG",
|
||
"downloadJPEG",
|
||
"downloadPDF",
|
||
"downloadSVG",
|
||
"separator",
|
||
"downloadCSV",
|
||
"downloadXLS",
|
||
"separator",
|
||
{text: 'View data table',
|
||
className: "custom-view-table",
|
||
onclick: function(){
|
||
console.log(this.exportDivElements);
|
||
var dataTableMenuItem;
|
||
for(var i = 0; i < this.exportDivElements.length; i++){
|
||
if( this.exportDivElements[i] .classList.contains('highcharts-menu-item')){
|
||
dataTableMenuItem = this.exportDivElements[i];
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
if(dataTableMenuItem.innerHTML == "View data table"){
|
||
dataTableMenuItem.innerHTML = "Hide data table";
|
||
}
|
||
else{
|
||
dataTableMenuItem.innerHTML = "View data table";
|
||
}
|
||
var chartID = this.renderTo.id;
|
||
var hChart = document.getElementById(chartID);
|
||
var chartTable = document.getElementById(chartID).nextElementSibling;
|
||
if(chartTable .classList.contains('active')){
|
||
chartTable.classList.remove("active");
|
||
}
|
||
else{
|
||
chartTable.classList.add("active");
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
legend: {
|
||
enabled: false
|
||
},
|
||
tooltip: {
|
||
formatter: function() {
|
||
return '<b>' + this.point.name.replace(' ~~~ ', ' ') + '<br />' + '<b>' + this.point.y + '% of total';
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
plotOptions: {
|
||
series: {
|
||
dataLabels: {
|
||
formatter: function() {
|
||
return '<b>' + this.point.name.replace(' ~~~ ', '<br /><b>') + '<br />' + Highcharts.numberFormat(this.percentage, 1, '.') + '%';
|
||
},
|
||
style: {
|
||
fontFamily: '\'Lato\', sans-serif',
|
||
lineHeight: '19px',
|
||
fontSize: '17px',
|
||
textShadow: false
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
point: {
|
||
events: {
|
||
legendItemClick: function() {
|
||
return false;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
allowPointSelect: false
|
||
},
|
||
pie: {
|
||
size: '60%',
|
||
borderColor: 'darkgrey',
|
||
showInLegend: true
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
series: [{
|
||
name: 'Percent',
|
||
data: [{
|
||
y: 48.1,
|
||
color: "#1f497d",
|
||
name: 'Mild'
|
||
}, {
|
||
y: 30.0,
|
||
color: "#4bacc6",
|
||
name: 'Moderate'
|
||
}, {
|
||
y: 21.9,
|
||
color: "#a8cedb",
|
||
name: 'Serious'
|
||
}]
|
||
}]
|
||
});</script>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<section class="box_section" data-nid="2638" data-cms-title="Lifetime Prevalence of Specific Phobia Among Adolescents" data-cms-anchor="1">
|
||
<h2 id="part_2638">Lifetime Prevalence of Specific Phobia Among Adolescents</h2>
|
||
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Based on diagnostic interview data from National Comorbidity Survey Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A), Figure 3 shows lifetime prevalence of specific phobia among U.S. adolescents aged 13-18.<sup>4</sup>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>An estimated 19.3% of adolescents had specific phobia, and an estimated 0.6% had severe impairment. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) criteria were used to determine impairment.</li>
|
||
<li>The prevalence of specific phobia among adolescents was higher for females (22.1%) than for males (16.7%).</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
<h4>Figure 3</h4>
|
||
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div id="chart_3444" class="chart_container" data-nid="3444"></div>
|
||
<div id="chart_dataTable_3444" class="chartTable_container"><table class="chartTable">
|
||
<caption class="chartTable__caption">Lifetime Prevalence of Specific Phobia Among Adolescents (2001-2004)</caption>
|
||
<thead>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" colspan="2">Demographic</th>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" scope="col">Percent</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</thead>
|
||
<tbody>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" colspan="2" data-cms-chart-color="overall" scope="row">Overall</th>
|
||
<td class="chartTable__cell">19.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" colspan="2" data-cms-chart-color="overall" scope="row">With Severe Impairment</th>
|
||
<td class="chartTable__cell">0.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" data-cms-chart-color="gender" rowspan="2" scope="rowgroup">Sex</th>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" scope="row">Female</th>
|
||
<td class="chartTable__cell">22.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" scope="row">Male</th>
|
||
<td class="chartTable__cell">16.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" data-cms-chart-color="age" rowspan="3" scope="rowgroup">Age</th>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" scope="row">13-14</th>
|
||
<td class="chartTable__cell">21.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" scope="row">15-16</th>
|
||
<td class="chartTable__cell">18.3</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr>
|
||
<th class="chartTable__cell" scope="row">17-18</th>
|
||
<td class="chartTable__cell">17.7</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</tbody>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<script>Highcharts.setOptions({
|
||
lang: {
|
||
decimalPoint: '.',
|
||
thousandsSep: ','
|
||
}
|
||
});
|
||
var highchart = Highcharts.chart('chart_3444', {
|
||
chart: {
|
||
type: 'column'
|
||
},
|
||
title: {
|
||
text: 'Lifetime Prevalence of Specific Phobia Among Adolescents'
|
||
},
|
||
subtitle: {
|
||
text: 'Data from National Comorbidity Survey Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A)',
|
||
style: {
|
||
fontSize: '16px'
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
credits: {
|
||
enabled: false
|
||
},
|
||
exporting: {
|
||
buttons: {
|
||
contextButton: {
|
||
menuItems: ["viewFullscreen",
|
||
"printChart",
|
||
"separator",
|
||
"downloadPNG",
|
||
"downloadJPEG",
|
||
"downloadPDF",
|
||
"downloadSVG",
|
||
"separator",
|
||
"downloadCSV",
|
||
"downloadXLS",
|
||
"separator",
|
||
{text: 'View data table',
|
||
className: "custom-view-table",
|
||
onclick: function(){
|
||
console.log(this.exportDivElements);
|
||
var dataTableMenuItem;
|
||
for(var i = 0; i < this.exportDivElements.length; i++){
|
||
if( this.exportDivElements[i] .classList.contains('highcharts-menu-item')){
|
||
dataTableMenuItem = this.exportDivElements[i];
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
if(dataTableMenuItem.innerHTML == "View data table"){
|
||
dataTableMenuItem.innerHTML = "Hide data table";
|
||
}
|
||
else{
|
||
dataTableMenuItem.innerHTML = "View data table";
|
||
}
|
||
var chartID = this.renderTo.id;
|
||
var hChart = document.getElementById(chartID);
|
||
var chartTable = document.getElementById(chartID).nextElementSibling;
|
||
if(chartTable .classList.contains('active')){
|
||
chartTable.classList.remove("active");
|
||
}
|
||
else{
|
||
chartTable.classList.add("active");
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
yAxis: {
|
||
min: 0,
|
||
max: 25,
|
||
tickInterval: 5,
|
||
title: {
|
||
text: "Percent",
|
||
style: {
|
||
fontSize: "16px"
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
labels: {
|
||
style: {
|
||
fontSize: '12px'
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
gridLineWidth: 0,
|
||
lineWidth: 1
|
||
},
|
||
xAxis: {
|
||
labels: {
|
||
groupedOptions: [{
|
||
borderColor: "white",
|
||
style: {
|
||
fontWeight: "bold",
|
||
fontSize: "12px"
|
||
}
|
||
}],
|
||
rotation: 0,
|
||
formatter: function() {
|
||
if (this.value) {
|
||
return this.value.toString().replace(' ~~~ ', '<br />');
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
categories: [{
|
||
categories: ["Overall"]
|
||
}, {
|
||
categories: ["With Severe ~~~ Impairment"]
|
||
}, {
|
||
name: "Sex",
|
||
categories: ["Female", "Male"]
|
||
}, {
|
||
name: "Age",
|
||
categories: ["13-14", "15-16", "17-18"]
|
||
}],
|
||
gridLineWidth: 0
|
||
},
|
||
tooltip: {
|
||
formatter: function() {
|
||
var headerText = '';
|
||
if (this.point.category.parent.name) {
|
||
headerText = '<b>' + this.point.category.parent.name.replace(' ~~~ ', ' ') + '<br />';
|
||
}
|
||
return headerText + '<b>' + this.point.category.name.replace(' ~~~ ', ' ') + ': ' + this.point.y + ' Percent';
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
legend: {
|
||
enabled: false
|
||
},
|
||
plotOptions: {
|
||
series: {
|
||
borderColor: '#ddd',
|
||
grouping: false,
|
||
maxPointWidth: 50,
|
||
dataLabels: {
|
||
crop: false,
|
||
overflow: 'none',
|
||
className: 'datalabels-groupcolumn',
|
||
enabled: true,
|
||
formatter: function() {
|
||
if (this.y > 0) {
|
||
return Highcharts.numberFormat(this.y, 1);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
series: [{
|
||
name: 'Percent',
|
||
data: [{
|
||
y: 19.3,
|
||
color: "#17375e"
|
||
}, {
|
||
y: 0.6,
|
||
color: "#17375e"
|
||
}, {
|
||
y: 22.1,
|
||
color: "#4bacc6"
|
||
}, {
|
||
y: 16.7,
|
||
color: "#4bacc6"
|
||
}, {
|
||
y: 21.6,
|
||
color: "#1f497d"
|
||
}, {
|
||
y: 18.3,
|
||
color: "#1f497d"
|
||
}, {
|
||
y: 17.7,
|
||
color: "#1f497d"
|
||
}]
|
||
}]
|
||
});</script>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<section class="box_section" data-nid="2639" data-cms-title="Data Sources" data-cms-anchor="1">
|
||
<h2 id="part_2639">Data Sources</h2>
|
||
|
||
<div data-cms-id="155886" data-cms-role="reference-block">
|
||
<h3>References
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<ol class="references__list">
|
||
<li data-cms-ref-inline="155886" id="ref_155886_r1">Harvard Medical School, 2007. National Comorbidity Survey (NCS). (2017, August 21). Retrieved from <a href="https://www.hcp.med.harvard.edu/ncs/index.php" rel="external noreferrer">https://www.hcp.med.harvard.edu/ncs/index.php <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square ext-link-icon"></i></a>. Data Table 2: <a href="https://www.hcp.med.harvard.edu/ncs/ftpdir/table_ncsr_12monthprevgenderxage.pdf" rel="external noreferrer">12-month prevalence DSM-IV/WMH-CIDI disorders by sex and cohort <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square ext-link-icon"></i></a>.</li>
|
||
<li data-cms-ref-inline="155886" id="ref_155886_r2">Harvard Medical School, 2007. National Comorbidity Survey (NCS). (2017, August 21). Retrieved from <a href="https://www.hcp.med.harvard.edu/ncs/index.php" rel="external noreferrer">https://www.hcp.med.harvard.edu/ncs/index.php <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square ext-link-icon"></i></a>. Data Table 1: <a href="https://www.hcp.med.harvard.edu/ncs/ftpdir/table_ncsr_LTprevgenderxage.pdf" rel="external noreferrer">Lifetime prevalence DSM-IV/WMH-CIDI disorders by sex and cohort <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square ext-link-icon"></i></a>.</li>
|
||
<li data-cms-ref-pmid="15939839" id="ref_155886_15939839">Kessler RC, Chiu WT, Demler O, Merikangas KR, Walters EE. Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. <i>Arch Gen Psychiatry.</i> 2005 Jun;62(6):617-27. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15939839/" rel="external">PMID: 15939839 <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square ext-link-icon"></i></a></li>
|
||
<li data-cms-ref-pmid="20855043" id="ref_155886_20855043">Merikangas KR, He JP, Burstein M, Swanson SA, Avenevoli S, Cui L, Benjet C, Georgiades K, Swendsen J. Lifetime prevalence of mental disorders in U.S. adolescents: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication--Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A). <i>J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry.</i> 2010 Oct;49(10):980-9. <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20855043/" rel="external">PMID: 20855043 <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square ext-link-icon"></i></a></li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<h3>Statistical Methods and Measurement Caveats
|
||
</h3>
|
||
<h4>National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R)
|
||
</h4>
|
||
<p>Diagnostic Assessment and Population:
|
||
</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>The NCS-R is a nationally representative, face-to-face, household survey conducted between February 2001 and April 2003 with a response rate of 70.9%. DSM-IV mental disorders were assessed using a modified version of the fully structured World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI), a fully structured lay-administered diagnostic interview that generates both International Classification of Diseases, 10<sup>th</sup> Revision, and DSM-IV diagnoses. The DSM-IV criteria were used here. The Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) assessed disability in work role performance, household maintenance, social life, and intimate relationships on a 0–10 scale. Participants for the main interview totaled 9,282 English-speaking, non-institutionalized, civilian respondents. The NCS-R was led by Harvard University.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>Survey Non-response:
|
||
</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>In 2001-2002, non-response was 29.1% of primary respondents and 19.6% of secondary respondents.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>Reasons for non-response to interviewing include: refusal to participate (7.3% of primary, 6.3% of secondary); respondent was reluctant- too busy but did not refuse (17.7% of primary, 11.6% of secondary); circumstantial, such as intellectual developmental disability or overseas work assignment (2.0% of primary, 1.7% of secondary); and household units that were never contacted (2.0).</li>
|
||
<li>For more information, see <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15297905" rel="external">PMID: 15297905 <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square ext-link-icon"></i></a>.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h4>National Comorbidity Survey Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A)
|
||
</h4>
|
||
<p>Diagnostic Assessment and Population:
|
||
</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>The NCS-A was carried out under a cooperative agreement sponsored by NIMH to meet a request from Congress to provide national data on the prevalence and correlates of mental disorders among U.S. youth. The NCS-A was a nationally representative, face-to-face survey of 10,123 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years in the continental United States. The survey was based on a dual-frame design that included 904 adolescent residents of the households that participated in the adult U.S. National Comorbidity Survey Replication and 9,244 adolescent students selected from a nationally representative sample of 320 schools. The survey was fielded between February 2001 and January 2004. DSM-IV mental disorders were assessed using a modified version of the fully structured World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>Survey Non-response:
|
||
</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>The overall adolescent non-response rate was 24.4%. This is made up of non-response rates of 14.1% in the household sample, 18.2% in the un-blinded school sample, and 77.7% in the blinded school sample. Non-response was largely due to refusal (21.3%), which in the household and un-blinded school samples came largely from parents rather than adolescents (72.3% and 81.0%, respectively). The refusals in the blinded school sample, in comparison, came almost entirely (98.1%) from parents failing to return the signed consent postcard.</li>
|
||
<li>For more information, see <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19507169" rel="external">PMID: 19507169 <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square ext-link-icon"></i></a>.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</body></html>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</article>
|
||
</main>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<footer id="footer-contact">
|
||
<div class="footer-container container">
|
||
<div>
|
||
<div id="block-contactusfooter" class="block block-block-content block-block-contentc7a9e7bc-56ff-41ac-8678-60f3a9a54eeb">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><h2>NIMH Information Resource Center</h2><div><span class="small">Available in English and español</span></div><div class="row"><div class="col-xl-6 col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"><p class="phone"><em><i class="fas fa-phone" aria-hidden="true"> </i></em> <strong>Phone: </strong> <a href="tel:1-866-615-6464">1-866-615-6464</a> <br><em><i class="far fa-comments" aria-hidden="true"> </i></em> <strong>Live Online Chat: </strong> <a href="https://infocenter.nimh.nih.gov">Talk to a representative</a> <br><em><i class="far fa-envelope" aria-hidden="true"> </i></em> <strong>Email: </strong> <a href="mailto:nimhinfo@nih.gov">nimhinfo@nih.gov</a> <br><em><i class="far fa-clock" aria-hidden="true"> </i></em><strong>Hours:</strong> 8:30 a.m. – 5 p.m. ET, M-F</p></div><div class="col-xl-6 col-lg-6 col-md-6 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"><p><strong>Mail: </strong> National Institute of Mental Health <br>Office of Science Policy, Planning, and Communications <br>6001 Executive Boulevard, MSC 9663 <br>Bethesda, MD 20892-9663</p></div></div></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="block-nimhtheme-linkdisclaimer" class="block block-block-content block-block-content43e6eaa7-a06a-4a06-9eff-b06d3dded90d">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><div id="footer-disclaimer"><h2>Disclaimer</h2><p>We link to external websites for informational purposes only, but we do not endorse or guarantee their accuracy. Once you leave our site, you will be subject to the new website’s privacy policy. Read NIMH’s <a href="/site-info/policies#part_2717"><u>full external linking policy</u></a> for more information.</p></div></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</footer>
|
||
|
||
<footer id="footer-social">
|
||
<div class="footer-container container">
|
||
<div>
|
||
<div id="block-followusfooter" class="block block-block-content block-block-contentcafb1a66-d0fb-4772-b5c2-5c7d0773f849">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="row"><div class="col-lg-8 col-md-7 col-sm-12 followus"><h3>Follow Us</h3><p><a class="external-disclaimer" href="https://www.instagram.com/nimhgov/" title="NIMH Instagram" rel="external"><span class="hidden">Instagram</span><em><i class="fab fa-instagram" style="background:#005395;" aria-hidden="true"> </i></em></a> <a class="external-disclaimer" href="https://www.facebook.com/nimhgov" title="NIMH Facebook" rel="external"><span class="hidden">Facebook</span><em><i class="fab fa-facebook-f" style="background:#005395;" aria-hidden="true"> </i></em></a> <a class="external-disclaimer" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/national-institute-of-mental-health-nimh" title="NIMH LinkedIn" rel="external"><span class="hidden">Linkedin</span><em><i class="fab fa-linkedin-in" style="background:#005395;" aria-hidden="true"> </i></em></a><a class="external-disclaimer" href="https://twitter.com/nimhgov" title="NIMH Twitter" rel="external"><span class="hidden">Twitter</span><em><i class="fab fa-x-twitter" style="background:#005395;" aria-hidden="true"> </i></em></a> <a class="external-disclaimer" href="https://www.youtube.com/nimhgov" title="NIMH YouTube" rel="external"><span class="hidden">YouTube</span><em><i class="fab fa-youtube" style="background:#005395;" aria-hidden="true"> </i></em></a><a href="/news/email-updates" title="NIMH Newsletters" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="72c6d25b-a844-48b0-be68-5c85cf5df771" data-entity-substitution="canonical"> <em><i class="far fa-file-alt" style="background:#005395;" aria-hidden="true"> </i></em></a><a href="/news/web-channels" title="NIMH News Feeds" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="26a1cafd-738b-443d-920f-c491f872d6d9" data-entity-substitution="canonical"> <em><i class="fas fa-rss" style="background:#005395;" aria-hidden="true"> </i></em></a></p></div><div class="col-lg-4 col-md-5 col-sm-12"><h3 class="mb-0">Subscribe to NIMH Email Updates</h3><form class="subscribe-in-banner" accept-charset="UTF-8" action="https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIMH/subscribers/qualify" method="get" name="Subscribe"><p><label><span class="hidden">Type email address...</span> <input class="subscribe_box" aria-label="Type email address..." name="email" placeholder="Type email address..." size="30" type="text"> </label><input type="submit" value="Subscribe"> </p></form></div></div><style>
|
||
.followus p a {
|
||
margin: .1rem;
|
||
}
|
||
.followus i.fab:hover, .followus i.far:hover, .followus i.fas:hover{
|
||
background-color: #00335e !important;
|
||
}
|
||
</style></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</footer>
|
||
|
||
<footer id="footer-siteInfo">
|
||
<div class="footer-container container">
|
||
<div>
|
||
<div id="block-siteinfofooter" class="block block-block-content block-block-content7adf2027-35bd-4389-9dd4-330dcc3d17c4">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><div class="row" id="block-footer"><div class="col-xl-4 col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4 col-xs-12"><h5>NIMH Resources</h5><p><a href="/health/topics" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="f7e048e4-f68f-4b7f-afb8-6fb95336f6b3" data-entity-substitution="canonical">Health Topics</a> <br><a href="/health/publications" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="3a6321c0-9c96-45b6-8d5c-5f4eab17632b" data-entity-substitution="canonical">Brochures and Fact Sheets</a> <br><a href="/site-info/contact-nimh" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="3b82dd34-6040-4763-a9ff-db0c3d5b6a38" data-entity-substitution="canonical">Contact Us</a> <br><a href="/health/topics/espanol" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="d6df42f3-6876-496e-918c-cc34cc7681f7" data-entity-substitution="canonical">Información en español</a></p></div><div class="col-xl-4 col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4 col-xs-12"><h5>Policies and Notices</h5><p><a href="/site-info/privacy-policy" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="f9084068-f15e-4322-b69b-eb250f301bf4" data-entity-substitution="canonical">Privacy Policy</a> <br><a href="/site-info/policies" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="e7a9f3b0-b458-4dcd-84aa-2c373b217d3f" data-entity-substitution="canonical">Website Policies</a> <br><a href="http://www.nih.gov/icd/od/foia/index.htm" rel="external">FOIA <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square ext-link-icon" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> <br><a href="/site-info/accessibility" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="35acaa5a-b4a3-4061-b0b9-018d0e02b011" data-entity-substitution="canonical">Accessibility</a> <br><a href="https://www.hhs.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy/index.html" rel="external">HHS Vulnerability Disclosure <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square ext-link-icon" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></p></div><div class="col-xl-4 col-lg-4 col-md-4 col-sm-4 col-xs-12"><h5>Federal Resources</h5><p><a href="http://www.nih.gov/" rel="external">National Institutes of Health (NIH) <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square ext-link-icon" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> <br><a href="https://www.nih.gov/virtual-tour/" rel="external">NIH Virtual Tour <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square ext-link-icon" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> <br><a href="https://www.hhs.gov" rel="external">U.S. Department of Health and Human Services <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square ext-link-icon" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> <br><a href="http://www.usa.gov/" rel="external">USA.gov <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square ext-link-icon" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></p></div></div><p class="institute_boilerplate">The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) is part of NIH, a component of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.</p></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="block-backtotop" class="block block-block-content block-block-content2fd64a46-6d78-4c08-8260-bf3aad9aa46d">
|
||
|
||
|
||
<div class="field field--name-body field--type-text-with-summary field--label-hidden field__item"><p class="hidden-sm hidden-xs" id="backtotop"><a href="#skipnav"><span class="bt-img"> </span><span>Top</span></a>
|
||
</p></div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</footer>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_Ar12EQc0ItFgOVOiA7ch7vfF-NWs4pUi1kGBcM1-7rw.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=nimhtheme&include=eJzLy8zNKMlIzU3VT8vPK0ksTy3Oz02NN9PJg4un5-QnJeboFicXZRaUFCNJZGSmZyRnJBaVFAMAts8bKw"></script>
|
||
<script src="//kit.fontawesome.com/1ea3372bd6.js" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
|
||
<script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_uIBU-5fuvQZZvnNDo5BMVNRXUN7VE0SzzMMTrzW1miA.js?scope=footer&delta=2&language=en&theme=nimhtheme&include=eJzLy8zNKMlIzU3VT8vPK0ksTy3Oz02NN9PJg4un5-QnJeboFicXZRaUFCNJZGSmZyRnJBaVFAMAts8bKw"></script>
|
||
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|