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<a class="pagenav_item_text nav_item_text single-link" href="#part_6619">1. La depresión es una afección médica.</a>
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<a class="pagenav_item_text nav_item_text single-link" href="#part_6620">2. La depresión tiene signos y síntomas a los que hay que estar atentos.</a>
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<a class="pagenav_item_text nav_item_text single-link" href="#part_6621">3. Ciertos tipos de depresión son exclusivamente de las mujeres.</a>
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<a class="pagenav_item_text nav_item_text single-link" href="#part_6622">4. Se puede conseguir ayuda para la depresión.</a>
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<a class="pagenav_item_text nav_item_text single-link" href="#part_11024">Reproducciones</a>
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<h1 class="titleblock__title" id="title">La depresión en las mujeres: 4 cosas que usted debe saber</h1>
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<img src="/sites/default/files/images/pubs/covers-pinnable/espanol/24-mh-4779s-depressioninwomen-sp-pinnable.jpg" width="360" height="466" alt="La depresión en las mujeres" data-mid="23059">
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<a class="pub-lang" href="/health/publications/depression-in-women" rel="alternate" hreflang="en" lang="en">In English</a>
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<html><body><p>Sentirse triste es una reacción normal ante los momentos difíciles de la vida. La depresión es diferente: es un trastorno del estado de ánimo que puede afectar cómo la persona se siente, piensa y actúa. Lea esta hoja informativa para aprender más sobre la depresión en las mujeres y cómo obtener ayuda.</p></body>
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<h2 class="pubsection clearer" id="part_6619">1. La depresión es una afección médica.</h2>
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<html><body><p>La depresión es un trastorno frecuente pero grave del estado de ánimo. Las investigaciones sugieren que la depresión es el resultado de una combinación de factores genéticos, biológicos, ambientales y psicológicos.</p><p>Todas las personas pueden sentirse deprimidas, pero este trastorno ocurre con más frecuencia en las mujeres debido a factores biológicos, hormonales y sociales específicos a su género.</p><p>La depresión no es provocada por algo que una mujer haya hecho o dejado de hacer, ni tampoco es algo de lo que pueda “salir” así no más. La mayoría de las mujeres necesitan tratamiento para sentirse mejor.</p></body>
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<h2 class="pubsection clearer" id="part_6620">2. La depresión tiene signos y síntomas a los que hay que estar atentos.</h2>
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<html><body><p>La tristeza es solo una parte de la depresión. Otros síntomas frecuentes incluyen:</p><ul><li>ansiedad o irritabilidad;</li><li>sentimientos de desesperanza, inutilidad o impotencia;</li><li>pérdida de interés o de placer en pasatiempos y actividades;</li><li>fatiga, disminución de energía o sensación de lentitud;</li><li>dificultad para concentrarse, recordar o tomar decisiones;</li><li>cambios en el sueño o el apetito;</li><li>dolores físicos o que no tienen una causa física clara;</li><li>pensamientos de muerte o suicidio, o intentos de suicidio.</li></ul><p>Estos síntomas pueden dificultar pensar, trabajar, dormir, estudiar, comer y disfrutar de la vida. Hable con un proveedor de atención médica si tiene síntomas la mayor parte del día, casi todos los días, durante al menos dos semanas. La depresión no es igual en todas las mujeres. Algunas pueden tener muchos síntomas y otras pueden tener solo unos pocos.</p><div class="setout"><p>Aprenda cómo <a href="/health/find-help/ayuda-para-la-salud-mental" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="b45c9516-c366-45dd-95bc-0678af20f5c9" data-entity-substitution="canonical">obtener ayuda</a>, encontrar un proveedor de atención médica y acceder a tratamiento. Encuentre consejos sobre <a href="/health/publications/espanol/consejos-para-hablar-con-su-proveedor" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="2d1f825d-257a-450b-90c8-0059c8de8da9" data-entity-substitution="canonical">cómo hablar con un proveedor de atención médica</a> y aprovechar al máximo su consulta médica.</p><p>Si usted o alguien que conoce está pasando dificultades o tiene pensamientos suicidas llame o envíe un mensaje de texto al <strong>988</strong>, <a href="https://988lifeline.org/es/obten-ayuda/" rel="external noreferrer">la Línea de Prevención del Suicidio y Crisis <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square ext-link-icon"></i></a>. También puede obtener apoyo a través de su chat en vivo en <a href="https://988lifeline.org/chat/" rel="external noreferrer">988lifeline.org <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square ext-link-icon"></i></a>. En situaciones potencialmente mortales, llame al <strong>911</strong>.</p></div></body>
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<h2 class="pubsection clearer" id="part_6621">3. Ciertos tipos de depresión son exclusivamente de las mujeres.</h2>
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<html><body><p>Ciertos tipos de depresión ocurren durante etapas específicas de la vida de una mujer. El embarazo, el período posparto, el ciclo menstrual y la perimenopausia están relacionados con cambios físicos y hormonales que pueden ocasionar un episodio depresivo en algunas mujeres.</p><ul><li>El <strong>trastorno disfórico premenstrual</strong> es una forma más intensa de síndrome premenstrual, que ocurre en las semanas previas a la menstruación. El trastorno causa síntomas graves, como un estado de ánimo depresivo, enojo o irritabilidad, pensamientos suicidas, cambios en el apetito, hinchazón, sensibilidad en los senos y dolor en las articulaciones o los músculos.</li><li>La <a href="/health/publications/espanol/depresion-perinatal" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="f13e769d-e8ee-4ac8-834e-7d59b2c8e56b" data-entity-substitution="canonical"><strong>depresión perinatal</strong></a> ocurre durante el embarazo o después del parto. Es más que la “tristeza posparto” (<em>baby blues</em>) que muchas nuevas mamás tienen después de dar a luz. Las mujeres con depresión perinatal sienten extrema tristeza, ansiedad y fatiga que pueden dificultar que realicen las tareas diarias, incluido el cuidado de sí mismas o de los demás.</li><li>La <strong>depresión perimenopáusica</strong> afecta a algunas mujeres durante la transición a la menopausia. Mientras que los períodos anormales, los problemas para dormir, los cambios de humor y los sofocos ocurren con frecuencia durante la transición a la menopausia, los sentimientos más extremos de irritabilidad, ansiedad, tristeza, así como no poder disfrutar las cosas, pueden ser signos de depresión.</li></ul></body>
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<h2 class="pubsection clearer" id="part_6622">4. Se puede conseguir ayuda para la depresión.</h2>
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<html><body><p>Aun los casos más graves de depresión se pueden tratar. Por lo general, la depresión se trata con medicamentos, psicoterapia (sea en persona o virtualmente) o una combinación de ambos.</p><p>No existe un tratamiento único que sirva para todas las personas. Puede que sea necesario probar diferentes tratamientos hasta encontrar el que sea el más adecuado para usted. Un proveedor de atención médica puede explicarle las diferentes opciones y ayudarle a elegir el mejor tratamiento según sus síntomas. Con ayuda, puede sentirse mejor.</p><p>Aprenda más sobre los <a href="/health/publications/espanol/depresion-sp" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="dd58e584-3703-45e7-9f31-bef31b4b91ad" data-entity-substitution="canonical">tratamientos para la depresión</a>.</p><div class="setout"><h3>Encuentre recursos adicionales</h3><p>Las siguientes agencias tienen más información en inglés sobre la depresión en las mujeres:</p><ul><li><a href="https://www.womenshealth.gov/mental-health/mental-health-conditions/depression" rel="external">Depresión <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square ext-link-icon"></i></a> (Oficina para la Salud de la Mujer)</li><li><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/reproductive-health/depression/index.html" rel="external">Depresión entre las mujeres <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square ext-link-icon"></i></a> (Centros para el Control y la Prevención de Enfermedades)</li><li><a href="https://www.fda.gov/consumers/women/women-and-depression" rel="external">Las mujeres y la depresión <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square ext-link-icon"></i></a> (Administración de Alimentos y Medicamentos de los Estados Unidos)</li></ul><p>La Administración de Servicios de Abuso de Sustancias y Salud Mental (SAMHSA, por sus siglas en inglés) tiene un <a href="https://findtreatment.gov" rel="external">localizador de tratamientos en línea <i class="fa-solid fa-arrow-up-right-from-square ext-link-icon"></i></a> en inglés para ayudarlo a encontrar servicios de salud mental en su área.</p></div></body>
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<h2 class="pubsection clearer" id="part_11024">Reproducciones</h2>
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<p>DEPARTAMENTO DE SALUD Y SERVICIOS HUMANOS<br>Institutos Nacionales de la Salud<br>Publicación de NIH Núm. 24-MH-4779S<br>Revisada en 2024</p>
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