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<h2 class="element-invisible">You are here</h2><div class="breadcrumb"><a href="/">Home</a> » <a href="/news-events">News & Events</a> » <a href="/news-events/nih-research-matters">NIH Research Matters</a></div> <div class="l-region l-region--section-header">
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<p class="publishdate"><span property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2012-10-15T00:00:00-04:00" class="date-display-single">October 15, 2012</span></p><div class='syndicate'><h1>Study Compares Women’s Incontinence Treatments</h1><div class="media-float-right"><div class="ds-1col file file-image file-image-jpeg view-mode-floated_media clearfix">
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-large/public/news-events/research-matters/2012/20121015-incontinence.jpg?itok=RBTllbeR&timestamp=1435848618 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 960px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-medium-small/public/news-events/research-matters/2012/20121015-incontinence.jpg?itok=uHHVvqmd&timestamp=1435848618 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 600px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-small/public/news-events/research-matters/2012/20121015-incontinence.jpg?itok=X9XkNEzq&timestamp=1435848618 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 480px)" />
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<source srcset="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-tiny/public/news-events/research-matters/2012/20121015-incontinence.jpg?itok=paDPfLEH&timestamp=1435848618 1x" media="screen and (min-width: 0)" />
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<img src="https://www.nih.gov/sites/default/files/styles/floated_media_breakpoint-medium/public/news-events/research-matters/2012/20121015-incontinence.jpg?itok=zQEf8ag2&timestamp=1435848618" alt="Women in their 50s and 60s exercising outdoors." title="Women in their 50s and 60s exercising outdoors" />
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</div><p>A new study comparing treatments for a type of urinary incontinence in women found that each has benefits and drawbacks.</p>
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<p>Millions of women experience urinary incontinence, the involuntary loss of urine. Pregnancy and childbirth, menopause and the structure of the female urinary tract make women twice as likely as men to have the condition. Different types of urinary incontinence require different treatments.</p>
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<p>Urge urinary incontinence is the unpredictable release of urine shortly after feeling an urge to urinate. It results from unpredictable activity of the bladder muscles. The cause is often unknown. Medicines called anticholinergics can help relax bladder muscles and prevent bladder spasms. However, many women who take these medications have unpleasant side effects.</p>
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<p>In August 2011, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved Botox, or onabotulinumtoxinA, for treating urge urinary incontinence in people with nervous system disorders such as spinal cord injury and multiple sclerosis. Botox injections work by relaxing overactive muscles. The drug is currently not FDA-approved to treat an overactive bladder without a neurologic cause.</p>
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<p>A team of researchers set out to compare treatments for women with urge urinary incontinence but no neurologic disease. Led by Dr. Anthony G. Visco of Duke University Medical Center and Dr. Susan F. Meikle of NIH’s Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), the team studied nearly 250 women, who had an average age of 58 years.</p>
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<p>Participants were randomly put into 2 groups. One received Botox injections in the bladder muscle and placebo pills for 6 months. The other received a saline injection in the bladder muscle and took oral anticholinergic medication for 6 months. The study, which was funded by NICHD and the NIH Office of Research on Women's Health, appeared on October 4, 2012, in the online edition of the <em>New England Journal of Medicine</em>.</p>
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<p>About 90% of the women in each group responded to treatment within a month. At the end of 6 months, about 70% of the women in each group reported that their symptoms were adequately controlled. After 6 months, the average number of daily episodes had declined from about 5 per day to about 1-2 per day. Urinary leakage did not return at all in about 27% of women receiving Botox and 13% of those taking oral medication.</p>
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<p>Though the women stopped taking the pills after 6 months, 52% who had received Botox reported adequate symptom control 9 months after the start of treatment, compared with 32% in the oral medication group. At 12 months, the figures were 38% and 25%. Women in the Botox group, however, were more likely to experience incomplete bladder emptying and urinary tract infections. The women taking the oral medication were a little more likely to report dry mouth.</p>
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<p>“Previously, Botox was reserved for women who had tried oral medications but found them ineffective,” Meikle says. “Because we included some women who had not been treated with oral medication before, these results suggest that Botox could be discussed as an option for first line treatment.” Ongoing studies are now evaluating the cost-effectiveness of the 2 approaches.</p>
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</div><h2 class="label-above">Related Links</h2><ul class="spaced print-urls"><li><a href="http://www.kidney.niddk.nih.gov/kudiseases/pubs/uiwomen/" target="_top">Urinary Incontinence in Women</a></li><li><a href="http://kidney.niddk.nih.gov/KUDiseases/pubs/bcw_ez/index.aspx" target="_top">What I Need to Know about Bladder Control for Women</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/surgeries-equally-effective-womens-bladder-control" target="_top">Surgeries Equally Effective for Women’s Bladder Control</a></li><li><a href="https://www.nichd.nih.gov/research/supported/pages/pelvicfloor.aspx" target="_top">Pelvic Floor Disorders Network (PFDN)</a></li></ul><p class="footnote"><strong class="label-inline">References: </strong><a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=Anticholinergic%20Therapy%20vs.%20OnabotulinumtoxinA%20for%20Urgency%20Urinary%20Incontinence">N Engl J Med.</a> 2012 Oct 4. [Epub ahead of print]. PMID: 23036134.</p>
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/risk-future-burden-dementia-united-states">Risk and future burden of dementia in the United States </a></p>
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<p><a href="https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/complete-wiring-map-adult-fruit-fly-brain">Complete wiring map of an adult fruit fly brain</a></p>
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<p><strong>Editor:</strong> Harrison Wein, Ph.D.</p>
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<p><strong><em>NIH Research Matters </em></strong>is a weekly update of NIH research highlights reviewed by NIH’s experts. It's published by the <a href="/institutes-nih/nih-office-director/office-communications-public-liaison">Office of Communications and Public Liaison</a> in the <a href="/institutes-nih/nih-office-director">NIH Office of the Director</a>.</p>
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